Ubuchule bokuzinzisa umgangatho karhulumente

Urhulumente unesigxina esikhethekileyo kwindawo yendalo. Ngaxesha linye bangabasebenzisi abaphambili bamandla, abasebenzi benqanawa ezinkulu zezithuthi, abaphathi bobuninzi beendawo, kunye nee-injini ezinamandla zomsebenzi wezezoqoqosho. Ukuthunyelwa kwemekobume yezopolitiko kunye nemisebenzi karhulumente. /ukusetyenziswa kwemisebenzi yezoburhulumente. /ukubekwa kwezithuba zeeofisi, izibonelelo, iiyunivesithi, iindlela zomjikelo-ndlela, kunye nokuthuthwa koluntu. Njengoko utshintsho lwemozulu luhamba ngokukhawuleza nokulindela kwabantu, amasebe ombuso ahamba ngaphaya kweempawu zomqondiso ukuze afumane isixokelelwano, idata-drivedn yendlela yokunciphisa impembelelo yawo engqini. Oku kusuke nje kungenziwangalo olubalulekileyo ekuthobeleni kogcino-mali, ukwandisa uluntu, kunye nokwenza imodelimo elungele ukusetyenziswa ngabantu.

Umlinganiselo womgangatho karhulumente uyamangalisa. Ngokutsho koLawulo loMmandla we-U.S., urhulumente kunye noorhulumente basekuhlaleni badityanisiwe batyala malunga ne 13 ekhulwini losetyenziso lombane opheleleyo wase-U.S. xa kufakelwa igalelo kusetyenziso lwamanzi, inkunkuma, kunye nokukhutshwa kwezithuthi, umthwalo wokusingqongileyo mkhulu. Noko ke, esi sikali sinika kwakhona isixhakamfulo esinamandla sokutshintsha. Ngokumisela imisebenzi yabo, oorhulumente bangabonisa ukusetyenziswa kobugcisa, ukufunwa kobugcisa obucocekileyo, kwaye benze iimarikethengiso ukwenzela imveliso neenkonzo ezizinziwa ngokufanelekileyo.

Amandla: Isiseko seziThintelo eziKhuthaziweyo

Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngezantsi kumbane negesi yendalo esetyenziswa kwizakhiwo − kuhlala kungumthombo omkhulu wokukhutshwa komphunga osebenzayo kurhulumente omkhulu. Ukubhekisa kulo didi kufuna indlela edityanisiweyo equka ukufunyanwa kwamandla acocekileyo, ubuchule bokusebenza, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokulawula ezikrelekrele.

Ukubuyiselwa kwamandla kunye nesizukulwana

Amazwe aya asebenzisa amandla avuselelwayo njengentengo yemali eluncedo ephakathi kunokudibanisa i-oyile, kunye namanxuwa amdaka. Izivumelwano ezinkulu zentengo zamandla zivumela amazwe ukuba atshixe kumbane ozinzileyo, ophantsi osetyenziswa ngumoya kunye neefama zelanga ngeli xesha exhasa amandla amatsha. Amazwe amaninzi aye afaka iirejista zobugcisa eziluphahla, ii-pastopia, kunye namanxuwa amdaka. Amanye ahlola uluntu ukuqesha kwemikhono kunye nentengo yentengo yentengo yeli yesixhobo esincinane. INational Rerentificiation Energy Le gy Laborashiption (NRE) inika uncedo lobugcisa kwimisebenzi yokuhambisa ezi zingqino, anceda avavanye iindleko ezinde zexesha kunye nokuncitshiswa kwekharbo.

Ngaphaya kwelanga nomoya, amazwe amaninzi afaka imali kwiimpompo zobushushu obusuka kubushushu belizwe ukuze kufudunyezwe kwaye kupholiswe, iinkqubo ze-biomas zezixhobo zasemaphandleni, kunye nobugcisa obuvelayo obufana neeseli ze-hydrogen ezibalisayo zokhuselo. Oku kuvotelwa kukhuthazwa zizinto zerhafu karhulumente kwaye kunikwa iinkqubo ezikhoyo ngeSebe le-Energy ’ i-S State Energy Program. Ulwakhiwo lwe-ofisi ye-ofisi ye-oyile ye-oyile ye-oyile esetyenziswayo i-carbonprint nge-60-80% xa kuthelekiswa nee-projectives ezidings.

Ukwakha Amandla Anokuphumelela

Ukuphucula ukusebenza kwamandla kwizakhiwo ezikhoyo kumela enye yemingeni ephezulu ekhoyo yotyalo-mali efumana amandla aphezulu kurhulumente. Ukufakwa kwamandla anzulu ``````````Ii-ii-injini'''''.' Kuquka ukukhanyisa okuphezulu, ukubuyisela i HVAC', ukuhambela phambili kwesakhiwo, kunye nokuhamba-hamba okuchuliweyo okucwangcisiweyo. Ngokuthe ngqo kunika 20-40% yepesenti yokunciphisa amandla asetyenziswa. Ii-ofisi ezininzi zombuso ziseke iimali ezibolekta ezisebenzisa imali ezisebenzayo ezisebenzisa imali eluncedo, ukuvumela iinkqubo ukuba zibe yi-e-astacityrals.

Iinkqubo zokuziphatha zidlala indima. Imilinganiselo elula efana nokufakwa komvo wokuhlala, ukulungelelanisa iincopho zobushushu, kunye nokusebenzisa ulawulo lomthwalo weplagi ingavelisa amaxhoba abalulekileyo ngaphandle kwenkcitho enkulu. Imekobume yemekobume yelizwe i-Agency ’ inkqubo yeNkqutyana yeMiphetho inika izixhobo zokuphawula izithuba ezivumela amaziko esizwe ukuba alandele umsebenzi owenziwe ngokuchasene nezakhiwo zoontanga, aphawule ngaphantsi kwabasebenzi bobushushu, kunye nohlalo-mali. Amazwe anjengeKhalifoniya neNew York aye amisela amaxhoba aphambili okwakha idekharbon, efuna zonke izakhiwo ezintsha zelizwe ezizimeleyo ukuze afumane ubume bomnathatho ombane kwishumi leminyaka elizayo.

Uludwe lobugcisa bokulinganisa igridi olukrelekrele

Ukujonga ixesha lokwenene lokusebenza kwamandla kususwe kwimfuno. Izakhiwo ezisezantsi kunye neenkqubo ezithile ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo zivumela abaphathi bezibonelelo ukuba bafumane i-omalia, ucwangciso lokulungisa, kwaye baqinisekise ukuzingisa kogcino-mali olusuka kwimilinganiselo yokusebenza. Ulawulo lwamandla oluqhubekayo ludibanisa imigangatho ye-data eshushu, yokukhupha umoya, yokukhanyisa, kunye nemithwalo yeplagi ukuze benze umsebenzi onamandla. Urhulumente wengingqi uliqela wamkele amasiko ayimfuneko okuphawula ibhethrin kwizakhiwo zikawonke wonke, ukupapasha ngokucace gcaba ukukhuthaza ukuphucula amandla okuqhubekayo.

Ulawulo Lwenkunkuma: Ukuya Ngasemva Kwenkunkuma

Imisebenzi karhulumente ivelisa inkunkuma eninzi eqinileyo ``iphepha leofisi nekhefi'' ukuya kulwakhiwo lwenkunkuma nezixhobo ze-elektroniki eziphelelwe lixesha. Amazwe akhokelayo afaka inkunkuma ebomvu njengecebo kwaye asukela amaxhoba afuna ingqwalaselo.

Ukudibanisa nokuhlanganisa

Iinyathelo zokusetyenziswa kweqanda zifumana igalelo kumgangatho wesizwe. Iinkqubo zokwahlula izinto ezinokufakwa kwi-invocation, izinto ezifumaneka kwizinto ezifumaneka kwindawo efihlakeleyo, nezinto ezigqunywe phantsi komhlaba ezifumaneka kulo mthombo. Ukufakwa kwenkunkuma yokutya kwizindlu zokutyela kunye nenkunkuma etshayelweni yendlu yemithi kunciphisa ukukhutshwa komhlaba we-methane ngexesha kuvelisa umhlaba olungiswe kakuhle we-paric kunye ne-media. Ukudiajini eqhutywa ngamasebe okuhlola indalo kunceda ukuphawula amathuba ebhayisekile nomlinganiselo wenkqubela. I-oregon neVremont imisele imiqathango yemiboniso yemisebenzi karhulumente, ukuvelisa izingalo zokuzinziso.

Imisebenzi engenaphepha kunye noTshintsho lwamanani

Ukubekwa kwemivo kweenkonzo zikarhulumente kunika amandla anamandla okunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwephepha. Ukuvumela, ukutyikitya kwamanani, ukufakwa kwe-intanethi, kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lwamafu kususe izigidi zamaphepha minyaka le kumaziko karhulumente. Ngaphezu koncedo oluthe ngqo lwemekobume echongiweyo, kwaye kuncinane amandla achithwayo ekuveliseni iphepha. /Imibutho yombane ephucula ubuchule nokufikelela kwabemi. Izixhobo zezezorhwebo eziguqukela kwiinkqubo zombane zokufaka amaphepha nokuhlawula zinciphisa iindleko zombini zephepha kunye nokulungisa. Amaziko ogcino-mali asebenzisa iibhodi ephephe efaka ibhodini kunye nolawulo lomsebenzi anciphisa imithwalo yokulungisa iimpahla ngexesha lokuxhasa umsebenzi ekude.

Ukulungiswa kwenyanga kunye nolawulo lwezinto

Ukunqanda ukulahlwa kwenkunkuma kuqala ngezigqibo zokuthenga. Ii-ofisi zemali zoburhulumente zichaza ngakumbi izinto ezinokuqukunjelwa kwazo ngokutsha, ipakethe encinane, kunye neplani yokususa. Ingcamango yokulondolozwa kwezoqoqosho oluyisangqa //izinto zokusetyenziswa kwexabiso eliphezulu,(izinto ezibotshelelwa kwizivumelwano zefanitshala, izibonelelo ze-ofisi, kunye nezixhobo zobugcisa. Ukupheliswa kwemiqathango yolawulo lobomi, kuquka umenzi wenkqubo yokuthatha emva kwee-elektroniki kunye nekhaphethi, ukutshintsha uxanduva nokuqinisekisa ukubuyiselwa komsinga ofanelekileyo okanye ukubuyiselwa. U.S. U. Arhente yenkqubo yokhuselo-mthetho-ngasimente elungele ukulondolo olukwindawo elungele ukusetyenziswa kwempahla, i-ofisi, kunye nezixhobo zolwazi. Inkqubo zolwazi olunika izikhokelo ukuba uninzi lwamkele okanye olulungele ulungiso

Ukulungisa Umkhosi: Izinto zokuhamba nobunzima

Iinqanawa zikarhulumente ````inqanawa'' zikarhulumente'' ziquka ukunyanzelisa izithuthi zomthetho, iilori zokulungisa, iibhasi zothutho, kunye nee-sedans' zabakhweli--ichaza umthombo obalulekileyo wokukhutshwa kwegesi eshushu kunye nongcoliso lomoya. Ukugqithiselwa kwezi zithuthi kubugcisa bokucoca bububuchule obubonakalayo nobunempembelelo.

Ukusetyenziswa kombane

Izithuthi zombane zebhetri zivele njengendlela yobugcisa ethandwayo yokubuyisela inqwelo-moya ekhaphukhaphu. Iindleko ezisezantsi zepetroli kunye nogcino-lwazi lwezithuthi, zidityaniswe namaxabiso asezantsi emoto, yenza intengo epheleleyo yokukhuphisana nezinye izinto ezitsha ezingaphakathi. Amazwana amaninzi aseke imiyalelo efuna ipesenti eepesenti echaziweyo yezithuthi ezintsha ukuba ibe yizero-agist. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuxhasa inkqubo yoncedo kukuhamba okuyaneyo: amaziko afaka umgangatho 2 izibhastile zorhulumente kunye neekhompyutha zemoto eziphezulu. Amanye amazwe alawula izithuthi zombane kunye neemoto ezinzima, kuquka iibhasi zesikolo zokuhambisa iilori, iilori, iinqwelo-mfolokhwe, ukuqokelelwa kwe-omatili ezinomtsalayo, ukuxhasa i-onqandayo e-Redructusction Act.

Kwizicelo ezikhethekileyo apho iindlela zombane zebhetri zingekasebenzi, amazwana ahlola iplagn-in brid transmittery, iinqwelo-mafutha zehydrogen edibanisa amafutha, kunye nedizili ehlaziyekileyo okanye imixube yebiosi. Ukusebenzisa inqwelo-mafutha ngasekunene /ukusebenzisa iingcebiso zesithuthi kwiimfuno zezothutho zokwenene.

Iingenelo Zomsebenzi NezoMphathiswa

I-odoli yokusebenza i-odolowee ithe yabala inxalenye ebalulekileyo yemitshini yezithuthi zikarhulumente phambi kwesifo esigqumayo. Ukusetyenziswa kwemijelo yezothutho esetyenziswayo ekude kunye ne-projekthi ezixubileyo kuguqule ngokusisigxina le ndawo. Iinkqubo zokusebenza zangaphambili zisebenzisa iteksi ezinciphisa iikhilomitha ezihambayo ngexesha lokulondoloza imveliso. Ezo zifuna ukubakho-ovimba-zithutho zifaka imali esebenzayo kwimisebenzi yezithuthi. Ezi zikhuthazo zikhutha ingeniso yabasebenzi: iindleko zokuthutha iinqwelo-moya ezincinci, iinkqubo ze-vanool, izigcini-bhayisekile, kunye neendawo zokuhlamba ezisebenzayo. Amanye amazwe aye asebenzisa iinkqubo zokupaka ii-odolokhwe ezisebenzayo, evumela abasebenzi ukuba bakhethe ixabiso lesithuba sabo njengengeniso yerhafu ehlawule irhafu okanye i-transki.

Isicwangciso esisiSibonelelo

Izigqibo zezibonelelo zezentlalo ezizinzileyo zineziphumo ezihlala ixesha elide. Amasebe ezothutho edityaniswe kwimilingo eqinileyo kwiprojekthi kunye nokhetho lwezinto. Imibhobho eshushu ye-mix asphalt, izinto eziphinda-phindiweyo zomkhenkcezo, kunye nee-paleethi ezivelisiwe ziba zizinto eziba zizizizizo ezisezantsi. Ukuguqula kwesitrato ukuya kwi LED kuye kwanciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okukhanyisa umendo lwendlela ngama-50-70 ekhulwini kumazwe amaninzi.

Unyango Oluzinzileyo Njengomgaqo-nkqubo

Iiofisi zezorhwebo zelizwe zinempembelelo ebalulekileyo kumandla azo okuthenga. Ngokuzinzisa imilinganiselo yokusingqongileyo ekuceleni izindululo kunye nezivumelwano, amazwe angaqhuba inkqubo yoshishino loshishino ngeli xesha kufikelelwa kwiinjongo zazo ezizinzileyo. Ngokhetho olungcono iinkqubo zokuthenga izinto ezisetyenziswayo ngekota ze-eco lal epartments njenge-Energy Star, EPEAT ye-elektroniki, iGreentalean yemveliso yokucoca, kunye neBhunga lomphathi-mikhosi ye-Fozanti ye-inter ekhuni lizinziwa ngeemveliso zokhuni. Ubomi bemali buneendleko-endleko kunokuthelekiswa kokuqala nokulula nokuthelekisa iinzuzo zoqoqo bemeko-ntle, ezisebenzayo, nezilungisekayo. Amazwe amaninzi aye amkela ukwamkelwa kwe-plastiki emisebenzi karhulumente, ezifakwa endaweni yemiculi okanye ezisetyenziswayo ezisetyenziswayo.

Ulondolozo lwamanzi kunye nolawulo lwamanzi esichotho

Inkxalabo yokunqongophala kwamanzi kunye nongcoliso lwamanzi lucinezela kwimimandla emininzi. Amaziko elizwe, ingakumbi lawo anemiyezo yemvula enkcenkceshelwayo kunye neendawo ezinkulu ezingangenwa yiyo, anokuba negalelo elikhulu kule mingeni. Imilinganiselo yokulondoloza amanzi iquka ukufakwa kwemibhobho ephantsi kwemibhobho, ukungabikho komqhaphu, ukugawulwa kwemvula, iinkqubo zokugawula amanzi emvula enyiswayo, kunye namanzi ampumfayo asetyenziswayo. Izibonelelo zeGrente eziluhlaza ze-Greenl, ezithiweyo, kunye nezindlu eziluhlaza ze-atrackets, ```aucracter''s trans,', zinyusa amanzi aphumayo, kwaye zinyusa iziphumo ze-ovimba benqanawa ezishushu ezihlala edolo-mea. Inkqubo yokukhusela i-mentessss ilungiselela inkqubo yokuxhasa i-mastiatracrears.

Ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo eziluhlaza

Uyilo, ukwakhiwa, nokusebenza kwezakhiwo kunika amathuba abalulekileyo okuphuculwa kwemekobume. Iimeko ezininzi zifuna izakhiwo ezintsha ezizimeleyo zombuso ukuze kufunyanwe isatifiketi sobungangamsha beBhunga lokwakha eliluhlaza kwiGenethi kunye noHlomelo lokusingqongileyo (LED) inkqubo okanye umgangatho olinganayo. Ezi zingqiniso zedilesi ze ndawo yokukhetha, ubuchule bamanzi, amandla, ubuchule bokusebenza, ukukhetha izinto eziphathekayo, ubunjani bemeko yendalo yangaphakathi, kunye nophuhliso lwezakhiwo ezikhoyo. Ukufumana izakhiwo ezikhoyo zokuhlangabezana nemigangatho eluhlaza kubaluleke ngokufanayo. Amandla anzulu adityaniswe nemilinganiselo yokulondoloza amanzi, ukuphuculwa komoya, kunye nokukhutshwa kwezixhobo ezincinci ezivelisa abenzi bemisebenzi abasebenza kakhulu ngexesha lokusebenza. Iinkonzo jikelele zolawulo lwezolawulo lwezolawulo kunye namanye amazwe amaziko amaziko athe kratyalwe ngokunelisa intengo zemali ee.

Ukusetyenziswa komsebenzi neNkcubeko yoQoqosho

Ubugcisa kunye nenkqubo ayinakufikelela iinjongo zokuzinzisa ngaphandle kokuthathi-nxaxheba ngokusebenza. Iinkqubo zokubophelela abasebenzi ezifundisa, zinika amandla, zinika abantu amandla okufumana isimilo esizinzileyo ziyimfuneko. Ikomiti eziluhlaza `ikomiti ezizimeleyo) ezisebenza ngokuzithandela zenza umsebenzi utshintsho, zilungiselela ukucuthwa kokuncitshiswa komsantsa, imingeniselo yokulondolozwa kwamandla, kunye nokukhutshwa kwemiqathango ehlala ikhona. Ukunconywa nokukhutshwa kweenkqubo ezixhasayo kubangela ukukhutshwa kwemiqathango ekhethekileyo. Unxibelelwano olucacileyo lomsebenzi wokusebenza kwemekobume kusetyenziswa ngoomatshini kunye neengxelo ezizinzileyo zakha ukuphendula nokuzinziswa kwemiqathango yolawulo. Amanye amatyala anemiqathango enziswa enziwayo esebenzayo neenjongo zomsebenzi wolawulo lomqesho. Uqeqesho olukhuthaza ukukhuselwa phambili komsebenzi owenziwe kulawulo olusuka kumgangatho wolawulo lomntu ngamnye.

Ukulungisa Ucelomngeni

Indlela yokusebenza kwimisebenzi egciniweyo karhulumente ayinayo imiqobo. Iimeko zoqingqo-mali zisoloko zilinganisela isiseko somgangatho wamandla akhoyo ukwenzela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, ulwakhiwo lwezithuthi, kunye nokwakhiwa kolwakhiwo lwemiqathango yebhayisekile, naxa ibhayiselo yogcino-mali inyanzelekile. Imiqathango yobuchule (ngokukodwa kwizithuthi zombane eziphakathi kunye nezinzima kunye nezinye iintlobo zokwakha eziqhubekayo kunye nenkqubela phambili. Ukungaguquki kokutshintsha kwemiqathango ekhoyo kusetyenziswa ngabasebenzi abaqhelileyo kwimigaqo esunguliweyo kungenza ulwamdlalo olucothayo lwemicimbini yemicimbini. Ulawulo oludityaniswe kwimiqatha yemijikelo yezopoliti ekhoyo, idityani edityaniswe ngeenjongo ezicacileyo, idityaniswe kunye nezibonelelo zemali ezikhoyo ze-enjini, i-ecettings zoncedo zelizwe elilungele ukusetyenziswa. Iimeko zelizwe zoncedo ezithenjiso ze-ognenti.

Isiphelo: Ukukhokelwa Ngumzekelo

Oorhulumente belizwe abanciphisa ngokulandelelanayo ukukhutshwa kwemiqathango yokusingqongileyo yemisebenzi yabo baphumeza iinjongo ezininzi ngexesha elinye: bakhusela ugcino-mali lwendalo, banciphisa iindleko zokuhlawula irhafu, baphucula impilo kawonke-wonke, kwaye babonise ukhokelo olubangela ukusetyenziswa kwamanye amacandelo. Iindlela ezichazwe kweli nqaku //ukubuyiselwa kwamandla okutsha, ubuchule bokwakha, ukuncitshiswa kwenqanawa, ukulungiswa, ukulondolozwa kolwandle, ukulondolozwa kwamanzi, ukwenziwa kwezakhiwo eziluhlaza, kunye nombutho osebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa kwentsebenzi, zisekwenziswa zizinto ezifunekayo ukuze zisebenze kakuhle. Ngoxa iingxaki zisemgangathweni zicace. Amazwe asebenzisa le misebenzi namhlanje aya kungenelwa kwiindleko ezisezantsi, ukhuseleko olunamandla, ukuthemba okuhlala uluntu, kunye nokusimo olusemgangatho-ntle ukwenzela izizukulwana ezizayo; ukulungiswa komsebenzi nje okungundoqo kolawulo lukarhulumente.