Ukuqonda Isiseko Samalungelo Abemi

Amalungelo oluntu asisikhuseli somgaqo-siseko okhululekileyo nongenakuphindwa. Amela imigaqo esemthethweni eqinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu uyakwazi ukuthabatha inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo kubomi boluntu kunye nobomi bentlalo ngaphandle kokujamelana nocalucalulo, ingcinezelo, okanye ukugxambukela kolawulo oluzimeleyo lukarhulumente. La malungelo awayo nje imigaqo esemthethweni enyanzelekileyo enyanzeliswe kwimithetho-siseko, imimiselo, kunye nemizekelo esemthethweni. EUnited States, amalungelo oluntu asuka ngokuyintloko kwinkululeko yawo e-U.S.[1] Ingakumbi iBhili yamaLungelo kunye neSinyuselo seMimiselo ye-14th , kunye nequmrhu eliqinileyo lemithetho yorhulumente ne-Rhulumente. Ukuqonda oko kukuthi kwaphulwe ngokufanelekileyo kokungawamkelelwa kwalamkeli-mthetho nakuthethwano komthetho.

Enyanzelweni yawo, amalungelo abantu aqinisekisa ukuba abantu baphathwa ngokulinganayo phantsi komthetho kwaye bakhuselwe kwikhethe elisekelwe kwiempawu ezingaguquguqukiyo ezifana nesizwe, imibala, unqulo, isini, imvelaphi yobuzwe, iziphene, kunye nobudala. Kwakhona balondoloza inkululeko esisiseko efana nokuthetha ngokukhululekileyo, ukuhlanganisa, ukuvota, ukuzifihla, kunye nenkqubo efanelekileyo. Xa iqumrhu likarhulumente, umbutho wabucala, okanye izenzo zomntu ngamnye ngendlela ekhanyela okanye ekhusela le migaqo, ukuchaswa kwamalungelo abantu kusenokuba kuye kwenzeka. Ukuvuma ukuhambelana kwale nkululeko ekhethekileyo yokuchasa, ukuvota, ukuvota, ukuvota, ukuzifunela imilinganiselo esemthethweni esetyenziswa ukuhlolisisa imibandela.

Kubalulekile ukwahlula amalungelo abantu kwinkululeko yasekuhlaleni. Nangona la magama edla ngokusetyenziswa ngokulinganayo, inkululeko yabemi ibhekisela kwinkululeko esisiseko eqinisekiswe yiBhili yamaLungelo (umz., inkululeko yokuthetha, unqulo, kunye nokushicilela) edla ngokukhusela abantu kwiinkcuba - mpuku zikarhulumente. Kwelinye icala, amalungelo oluntu, agxininisa ekuqinisekiseni unyango olulinganayo nokuthintela ucalucalulo kwiindawo ezifana nomsebenzi, izindlu, imfundo, kunye neendawo zokuhlala zikawonke wonke.

ISisakhelo Sasemthethweni Samalungelo Alawulayo Amalungelo Karhulumente

Ukuqondwa okubanzi kokwaphulwa kwamalungelo abantu kufuneka kuqala ngokumiswa kwemithetho engundoqo kunye nokutshintshwa komgaqo-siseko okuchaza nokukhusela la malungelo.

UMthetho wamaLungelo ka-1964

Lo mthetho ubalulekileyo awuvumi ukuba abantu bakhethe ngokwesizwe, imibala, unqulo, isini, okanye imvelaphi yesizwe emsebenzini, kwizindlu zikawonke-wonke, kwiinkqubo ezixhaswa ngurhulumente, kunye nezinye ezingaphezulu. ISihlomelo VII soMthetho, esithetha ngokungqalileyo ngocalucalulo lwemisebenzi, siye saba sisiseko sokumangalelwa kwemiba emininzi nezikhalazo zezolawulo. Lo mthetho ukwayila i-Uncilime Opportunity Commission (EOC) ukunyanzela ukuba unyanzelise amalungiselelo awo.

ISivumelwano saMalungelo sowe-1965

Esinye sezixhobo ezinamandla zokuqinisekisa ukuba ukuthabatha inxaxheba kwedemokhrasi, uMthendeleko wamaLungelo ulwalela ucalulo lobuhlanga ekuvoteni. Yasusa imiqobo emininzi efana nokuvavanywa kokufunda nokubhala kunye nerhafu eyayisetyenziselwa ukuphelisa i-Afrika kunye namanye amaqela amancinane. ICandelo 2 loMthetho livumela ukumangalelwa kwangasese okuvavanya nawaphi na amatyala okucinezela okanye ukungavunyelwa kwamalungelo okuvota ngenxa yohlanga, ibala, okanye ukuma kolwimi oluncinane. Izigqibo zenkundla zakutshanje ziye zaguqula iindlela ezithile zokusebenza, kodwa lo Mgaqo-mthetho uyaqhubeka ungumqobo ungumqobo ungumcimbi wetyala.

Isenzo Sezindlu Esifanelekileyo

Ngo-1968, uMthendeleko iFair Howard walela ucalucalulo ekuthengisweni, ekuqeshweni, okanye ekuxhasweni kwemali yezindlu ezisekelwe kwisizwe, kwimvelaphi yesizwe, unqulo, isini, isikhundla sobufama, okanye ukukhubazeka. Ukuchasa kusenokuthatha iindlela ezininzi, kuquka ukungavumi ukuqesha okanye ukuthengisa, ukusebenzisa amagama okanye iimeko ezahlukeneyo, ukukhanyela ngokungeyo ukuba indawo yokuhlala iyafumaneka, okanye ukungenelela kwizibhengezo zokuthengisa ngorhwebiso. ISebe leHomssion ne-Urban Development (HUD) lihlola izikhalazo kwaye linokukhupha izigwebo.

AmaMerika AnoMthetho (ADA) Weminyaka yowe - 1990

IADA iyalwalela ucalucalulo ngabantu abaneziphene kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi bukawonke-wonke, kuquka imisebenzi yempangelo, urhulumente kunye neenkonzo zikarhulumente zasekuhlaleni, iindawo zokuhlala zikawonke-wonke, ezothutho nezokunxibelelana ngefowuni.

Eminye imithetho Engundoqo

Eminye imithetho yorhulumente ekhusela amalungelo abantu iquka:

  • Ikhethe kuMthetho we-Orough Act (ADEA) – ikhusela abantu abaneminyaka engama-40 nangaphezulu ukusuka kucalucalulo olusekelwe kubudala ekuqeshweni, ekunyuseni, ekukhutshweni, ekukhutshweni, nakweminye imisebenzi.
  • [[Umthetho ongundoqo:0] UMthetho woTshunxiso – ufuna ukuba amadoda namabhinqa bafumane intlawulo elinganayo kumsebenzi olinganayo owenziwa phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo.
  • ITitle IX yeZigqibo zemfundo zonyaka ka1972 – iPhibits ikhethelo elisekelwe kwisondo nakuyiphi na inkqubo yemfundo okanye umsebenzi ofumana inkxaso-mali karhulumente, kuquka ukuhlaselwa ngokwesini nokuhlaselwa.
  • Ukukhetha 504 kuMthetho wokubuyisa ityala ka 1973 – Isenzo sokucalucalula abantu abaneziphene kwiinkqubo ezifumana uncedo lwemali.

Imithetho yezorhulumente isoloko inikela ukhuseleko olongezelelekileyo yaye maxa wambi ingaphezulu kunemithetho karhulumente. Ngokomzekelo, amazwe amaninzi akhusela ucalucalulo olusekelwe kwimbonakalo yesini, ubuni, okanye isimo somtshato, esingagqunywanga jikelele phantsi komthetho wesizwe. Ukuqonda ukudityaniswa kwemithetho karhulumente nekarhulumente kubalulekile ukugqiba ukuba yiyiphi indlela esemthethweni emele ilandelwe xa kurhanelwe ukwaphulwa.

Iintlobo Eziqhelekileyo Zamalungelo Abemi

Nangona izibakala ezingqalileyo zetyala ngalinye zahluka, uninzi lwaphula amalungelo abantu lukwimiba embalwa ephindaphindwayo. Ukuqonda ezi ndlela kunokunceda abantu baqonde xa amalungelo abo echasiwe.

Ucalucalulo

Ucalucalulo luyenzeka xa umntu ephathwa kakubi ngenxa yophawu olukhuselweyo. Oku kunokuqhutywa ngabom (ukunyanga ngempazamo) okanye ngempazamo kodwa kusenesiphumo socalulo (iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga). Imizekelo iquka:

  • Umqeshi wala ukuqesha umntu ofanelekayo ngenxa yohlanga okanye unqulo lwabo.
  • Umninindlu oqesha irente ephezulu kwiintsapho kunye nabantwana, ephula ukhuseleko lweFair House Act olusekelwe kumgangatho wobunkozo.
  • Isithili sesikolo sinikela izinto ezimbalwa kwizikolo ezikwimimandla encinane.

Ukukhathazwa

Ukukhathazwa ngokwesini kuluhlobo oluthile localucalulo olubandakanya ukuziphatha okungamkelekanga okusekelwe kwiimpawu ezikhuselekileyo. Isimilo kufuneka sibe sibi okanye sisasazeke kangangokuba sibangele imekobume ekhohlakeleyo okanye eyoyikekayo. Emsebenzini, ukukhathazwa ngokwesini. //hayid proproduction production (ukunika uncedo lwesondo ngenxa yeengenelo zomsebenzi) okanye imekobume engalunganga (amahlaya achuliweyo, amagqabaza angafunekiyo, amagqabaza angapheliyo) `ukuchasana ngokucacileyo neSihlolo VII. Ukuchatshazelwa kokuchasana kusenokuhlasela uhlanga, ukukhubazeka, okanye ezinye iimpawu. Izikolo, abameli, nabanikezi bezindlu banokuba nelungelo lokuvumela imeko eyingozi ukuba iqhubeke.

Unyango Olungalinganiyo Okanye Ukukhanyelwa Kweenkonzo

Amasebe karhulumente namashishini avulelwe uluntu kufuneka anikezele ngokufanayo kwiinkonzo zabo. Ulwaphulo-mthetho lwenzeka xa umntu ekhatywa okanye efumana unyango oluphantsi olusekelwe kuphawu olukhuselekileyo. Umzekelo, ivenkile engafuniyo ukulungiselela umthengi ngenxa yemvelaphi yesizwe yaphula isiHloko II soMthetho wamaLungelo ka-1964. Isebe lamapolisa elibandakanyeka ekuncipheni kohlanga, ukuphendla, okanye ukubamba abantu abasekelwe kuhlanga kunokuba bakrokrelekreleze ngokusengqiqweni.

Ulungiso

Ukubuyiselwa komthetho kungomnye wezona zinto kuthiwa zichaphazelekayo kumalungelo abantu. Kwenzeka xa umntu okhuselweyo okanye iqela lohlwaywa ngenxa yokuchasa ucalucalulo, ukuvala isikhalazo, okanye ukuba nenxaxheba kuphengululo lwamalungelo abantu. Izenzo zokuziphindezela zingaquka ukupheliswa, ukukhuthulwa, ukuphindwa, ukuhlaselwa, okanye izisongelo. Okubalulekileyo, ukuziphindezela kwahlukile kwilifa letyala eliphantsi; kwanokuba ucalulo lokuqala lungaqinisekiswanga, ukuziphindezela ngelixa lithel

Ukuqhatha Amalungelo

Ukuncokola kunelungelo elisisiseko, yaye ukwaphula umthetho kunokuquka:

  • Imithetho yeVoter echaphazela ngokungenakuthelekiswa nanto iqaqobana okanye abavoti abangenayo ngaphandle kobulungisa obusemthethweni.
  • Ukucima iinguqu zovoti ezisusa abavoti abafanelekileyo ngendlela yocalulo.
  • Ukunkwantya okanye ukukhathazwa kwiindawo zokuvota.
  • Ukuzoba imiqathango yesithili sowiso - mthetho ngendlela enciphisa amandla okuvota amaqela ambalwa (amaqela afuna ukurhwaphiliza).

Amapolisa Aphazama Ngokuziphatha Okubi Namandla Agqithiseleyo

Amagosa agunyazisa umthetho anyanzelekile ngumGaqo-siseko kunye nomthetho karhulumente ukuze ahlonele amalungelo abantu. Ukuchaswa kusenokuquka ukusetyenziswa kwemithetho engekho mthethweni, ukuphengululwa nokuxhuzulwa, ukubanjwa ngokungeyonyaniso, ukungazikhathaleli ngempazamo iimfuno zezamayeza ngoxa beselugcinweni, kunye nomthetho wobuhlanga. ISebe leSigwebo sase-U.S. (DOJ) linokuzisa ukumangalelwa okufanayo okanye ukumangalelwa ngokuchasene namasebe amapolisa kunye nokuphulwa kwenkqubo. Ngaphezu koko, abantu ngabanye bangamangalelwa phantsi kowama- 42 e-U.S.C.NGOwe19984, umthetho karhulumente ovumela ukumangalelwa kwasemthethweni ngokufihlakeleyo ngokuchasene norhulumente kunye namagosa omgaqo-siseko.

Ukuqonda Xa Amalungelo Akho Amakhaya Ephulwe

Ukuchaza ukwaphulwa kwamalungelo abantu akusoloko kulula, ingakumbi ngenxa yokuba ulwaphulo-mthetho oluninzi lwenzeka ngeendlela ezichuliweyo okanye ezibukhali. Noko ke, iiflegi ezithile ezibomvu zifuna ukuqwalaselwa ngokusondeleyo:

  • [[UMTL: 0] Uphathwa ngokwahlukileyo[ kunabanye abakwimeko ezifanayo ezisekelwe kwiimpawu ezifana nohlanga, ubufanasini, ubudala, okanye ukukhubazeka.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Uphantsi kwehambo engamkelekanga, ephinda-phindiweyo [[UMGAQO 1] obangela imeko-bume enobutshaba okanye exhaphazayo.
  • Uyalaliswa ukufikelela kwizakhiwo zikawonke-wonke, iinkonzo, indlu, okanye amathuba omsebenzi ngaphandle kwesizathu esisemthethweni, esingangeni tyala.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Ufumana isenzo esichaseneyo ngokukhawuleza emva kokwenza uqinisekiso lwamalungelo akho okanye ukunika ingxelo yocalulo.
  • [[FLT: 0] Uvalekile okanye woyikiswe xa uzama ukuvota okanye uthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi kawonke-wonke.
  • Uphantsi komkhosi okhohlakeleyo okanye ongaqiqiyo ngokugcinwa komthetho, okanye ubanjwa ngaphandle kwesizathu esilindelekileyo.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ukwaphulwa kwamalungelo abantu kungachaphazela amaqela kwakunye nabantu ngabanye. Iindlela zesixokelelwano zocalulo − njengezenzo zokuqesha zenkampani ezisoloko zithintela amabhinqa, okanye imithetho yokuhlanganisa isixeko engawafaki amakhaya abantu abaneziphene.

Amanyathelo Okuwathabatha Ukuba Ukholelwa Ukuba Amalungelo Akho Asekuhlaleni Aphulwe

Ukuthatha inyathelo ngokukhawuleza nangendlela ecwangcisiweyo kungagcina ubungqina kunye nokhetho olusemthethweni. La manyathelo alandelayo anconyelwayo nabani na orhanela ukwaphulwa kwamalungelo abantu:

bhala yonke into ngoko nangoko

Bhala phantsi ingxelo eneenkcukacha yesiganeko, kuquka imihla, amaxesha, iindawo, amagama abantu ababandakanyekileyo, kunye nawo nawaphi na amangqina. Gcina nabuphi na ubungqina obuphathekayo, obunjenge-imeyili, imiyalezo yokubhaliweyo, iifoto, iividiyo, okanye amaxwebhu. Ukuba ulwaphulo-mthetho lwenzekile emsebenzini, hlola incwadi yakho echaza ukuba ngabasebenzi bakho basebenzisa iinkqubo zangaphakathi zokukhalaza. Gcina imibhalo yazo zonke iziganeko zonxibelelwano ezinxulumene nesiganeko. Uxwebhu olupheleleyo lubalulekile naziphi na ii-email, i-messages, iividiyo, iividiyo, okanye amaxwebhu.

2. Ukuphulwa kwangaphakathi okanye kwigunya elifanelekileyo

Kuxhomekeke kumongo, ezinokukhethwa ziquka:

  • [[UMTL: 0] I-Employer – Yazisa isebe lobuncwane boluntu lwakho okanye ilandela inkqubo yenkampani yakho echasene nocalucalulo.
  • Isikolo okanye iYunivesithi – Ifayile isikhalazo nomlawuli weSihloko se-IX okanye i-ofisi yamalungelo abantu.
  • [[UMNIKELELO: 0] Umlungiseleli onika imvume [ - Ingxelo kumnini ndlu okanye kumphathi wempahla; ukuba ayithathi mdla, yenza isikhalazo nge HUD.
  • [[NT.: 0] Isebe leProthelisti – Ukuba ulwaphulo lubandakanya ukugcinwa komthetho, cinga ngokufaka isikhalazo kwicandelo langaphakathi lemicimbi kunye nokudibana negqwetha.

3. Khangelana neAttorney yamalungelo abantu

Umthetho wamalungelo abantu untsonkothile kakhulu, unemimiselo engqongqo yemiqathango neemfuno zobuxhakaxhaka. Igqwetha elinamava amalungelo asekuhlaleni lingawavavanya amandla entengo yakho, licebise ngelona cebo lifanelekileyo lomthetho, lize likuncede uqhubele phambili inkqubo. Amagqwetha amaninzi anikela uphando lokuqala ngesisa kwaye asenokusebenza kwisiseko semali efunekayo kwiimeko ezibandakanya ukonakaliswa kwemali. Ukukhangela imibutho yoncedo olusemthethweni kwindawo ohlala kuyo ukuba imali ingumqobo.

4. ICela eliNcedileyo neArhente kaRhulumente

Imithetho emininzi yamalungelo abantu karhulumente ifuna ukuba isimangalo sibekwe ngesibonelelo esithile ngaphambi kokuba ityala libekwe. Ngokomzekelo:

  • [[UMTL: 0] ucalulo olunento yokwenza nocalulo – Ifayile ityala nge-EEOC (ngokuqhelekileyo kwi 180 okanye 300 iintsuku, kuxhomekeke kurhulumente).
  • [[UMTL:0] ucalulo – Ifayile isikhalazo nge-HUD kunyaka omnye kwisenzo sokugqibela socalulo-calulo.
  • [[UMTL:0] ucalulo olukhoyo kwindlu kawonke-wonke – ifayile isikhalazo kwiSebe logwebo okanye phantsi kweADA.
  • Ukuvota ukwaphulwa kwamalungelo – Jonganiselana noRhulumente waMalungelo oMsebenzi weDoJ's Ulwahlulo okanye iofisi yonyulo karhulumente wakho.

Iqumrhu liza kuphanda kwaye lingazama ukukhupha isisombululo. Ukuba sifumene unobangela osengqiqweni, lingafaka icala lakho okanye likhuphe ileta ekwincwadi ethi "ilungelo lokumangalela", ikuvumela ukuba uqhubekele enkundleni.

5. Cinga Ngomthetho Ofanelekileyo

Ukuba ulawulo aluphumelelanga okanye akufunwanga, ungafaka ityala kwinkundla yorhulumente okanye yesizwe. Ngokuxhomekeke kukwaphulwa, ungakwazi ukufuna umonakalo wokuhlawulela uxinezeleko lwemvakalelo, umvuzo olahlekileyo, iindleko zezamayeza, kunye nezono zokohlwaya. Eminye imimiselo ikwavumela iindleko zegqwetha, yenza kube lula ukufumana umelo. Noko ke, ukulinika ixesha elifanelekileyo nexabiso, ngoko kubalulekile ukuvavanya iziphumo ezinokwenzeka ngegqwetha lakho.

6. Funa Inkxaso Kumaziko

Imibutho engangeni ngeniso enjenge yeMelika yeLivo-Mveli Union (ACLU), i-NAACP, kunye [ Inethwekhi yamaLungelo esizwe inika izibonelelo, uncedo olusemthethweni, kunye nemfundo kawonke-wonke kwimicimbi yamalungelo abantu. Bangathatha iziphumo zeziphumo ezinokuthi zenze utshintsho olubanzi lwenkqubo.

Imizekelo yehlabathi lokwenene yokwaphulwa kwamalungelo oluntu

Ukuze sikuqonde kakuhle oko kubangelwa kukuchasa, khawuqwalasele ezi meko zifuziselayo ezibonisa iimeko zokwenene:

Ucalucalulo Ngempatho Yomsebenzi: Impembelelo Engalinganiyo

Inkampani yenqanawa ifuna bonke abasebenzi bendlu yokugcina impahla ukuba baphakamise iiponti ezingama-50 ngaphandle kwendawo yokuhlala. Nangona le nkqubo ibonakala ingathathi cala, amanani abonisa ukuba ayibafaki zicelo amabhinqa nabasebenzi abakhulileyo. Ngaphandle kokuba inkampani ingangqina ukuba imfuneko inxulumene nomsebenzi kwaye iyavumelana nemfuneko yoshishino, isenokusophula isiHloko se-VII ne-ADEA.

Ukuziphatha Okubi Kwamapolisa: Umkhosi Ogqithiseleyo

Ngexesha lokumisa kwemoto ukuze iphazanyiswe, igosa elinamandla likhupha umqhubi emotweni, limtyhalele phantsi, lize liwajikije ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwanasemva kokuba ethotyiwe. Amandla asetyenziswayo ayengaqiqeki phantsi kweemeko kwaye athetha ukwaphulwa koMphetho-mda wesine kwamalungelo okungangeni kwisifo esingaqiqisiyo.

Ucalucalulo Ngezindlu: Ukwaliwa Kwetyala

Ibhinqa elikhubazekileyo licela indawo yokuhlala esengqiqweni yokuba nenja encedayo kwisakhiwo esinomgaqo "ongenazo izilwanyana ezifuyiweyo". Umnini-khaya uyasikhaba isicelo ngaphandle kokusifaka kwinkqubo yokuncokola. Oku kuchasene noMthetho weFair House kunye ne-ADA.

Ukudlulisela Amalungelo: Ukuqinisekisa

Ngexesha lonyulo, iqela labantu abanxiba ibheji "ezingaqhubiyo" lizimisa ngaphandle kwendawo yokuvota ekwingingqi ye-Latino, lifuna ukubona ukukhethwa kwabavoti nokubuzwa imibuzo ephazamisayo. Oku kwenza ukuba ivoti yoyike phantsi koMthetho wamaLungelo oMgaqo-siseko weSizwe kwaye isenokuba lulwaphulo-mthetho.

Ukhuselo Nesithintelo Kumalungelo Abemi

Asiyonto yonke engafanelekanga okanye ukuphathwa ngokungekho sikweni enyuka ukusa kumgangatho wokuphulwa kwamalungelo abantu. Iinkundla kunye namaqumrhu asebenzisa imigaqo engqongqo engokwasemthethweni.

  • [[NTLA:0] Isizathu sokungadibanisi-mthetho - Ummangalelwa ubonisa ukuba isenzo esichaseneyo sasisekelwe kuthunywa osemthethweni, ongengomthetho, njengokwenza kakuhle umsebenzi okanye ukwaphulwa kwenkqubo esengqiqweni.
  • ubunzima obungalawulekiyo – Kwimeko zeziphene ummangalelwa angaphikisa ngokuthi ukunika indawo yokuhlala elungileyo kungabangela ubunzima obubalulekileyo okanye iindleko.
  • [[NT.0] Imfanelo edityanisiweyo yomsebenzi (BFOQ) – Kwimeko ezisikelwe umda, abaqeshi bangaqesha ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu ezikhuselweyo ukuba babalulekile kumsebenzi (umz., baqesha amabhinqa kuphela kwindawo yengxaki yokudlwengula).
  • Izicwangciso zommiselo – iingxelo mazigcinwe kwimida yexesha elingqongqo, ngokufuthi phakathi kweentsuku ezili-180 neminyaka emibini kuxhomekeke kumthetho nakwigunya.

Ukongezelela, ukungqina ukwaphula umthetho kudla ngokufuna ubungqina bokuba ummangalelwa wenza izinto ngenjongo yokumcalula okanye inkqubo yakhe yayinempembelelo ehlasimlis ’ ityala.

Uphuhliso Lwakutshanje Nocelomngeni Oluqhubekayo

Umthetho wamalungelo abantu usoloko uhlaziywa ngomthetho omtsha, izigqibo zenkundla, kunye nokutshintsha kwemigaqo-nkqubo yentlalo. Imibandela engundoqo yale mihla iquka:

  • Ucalucalulo olunobuhlanga – imithetho-mithetho esetyenziswa ekuqesheni, ekuhlaliseni, nasekuboleseni ingakhuthaza ucalucalulo, iphakamise imibuzo phantsi kwemimiselo yamalungelo abantu ekhoyo.
  • LBTQ+ amalungelo – isigqibo seNkundla Ephakamileyo kwi Bostock v. County [20]) eyandisiweyo ISihlomelo se VII sokhuseleko kwimbonakalo yesondo nakukwazi ukuba neentlobano zesini, kodwa iingxoxo ziyaqhubeka ngokufikelela kwizonyango, imidlalo, kunye neendawo zokuhlala zikawonke-wonke.
  • Utshintsho lwePolice – iziganeko zeprofile eziphezulu zamandla agqithisileyo ziye zakhuthaza ukunyanzeleka koxanduva olungqongqo, ulungiso olufanelekileyo lokukhusela ukhuseleko, kunye nolawulo lwamaqumrhu.
  • [[UMTL:0] Ukukhupha unikezelo – imithetho karhulumente omtsha engqongqo efuna ukuvota ijongene nocelomngeni phantsi koMthetho wamaLungelo kunye nomGaqo-siseko.

Ukuhlala wazi ngezi nkqubela kubalulekile kuba zingachaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukufaneleka kwamalungelo abantu kwixesha elizayo.

Isizathu Sokuba Ukuphaphela Ngamalungelo Abemi Kube Yingxaki

Ukuphulwa kwamalungelo amakhaya akuthobeli isidima somntu ngamnye kuphela kodwa kwaneenjongo ezisisiseko zedemokhrasi kunye nokulingana. Xa amalungelo ophulwa, umonakalo udlulela ngaphaya kwexhoba elifutshane: uluntu lonke lungaziva lunganelisekanga, lukholose ngeentlangano ezitshayela, kwaye ukungalingani kwenkqubo kuqhubekeka. Ngokuqonda iinkcazelo ezingokwasemthethweni kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokwaphula umthetho, abemi bangazikhusela kakuhle kwaye bamele idemokhrasi. Iintlangano ezinjenge- i-Civil amalungelo oL, ukwahlulwahlulwano lweSebe leJajini[[ kunye neKhomishini yezempatho zomsebenzi [[FLT:]]

Akukho mntu kufuneka ajongene nocalucalulo, ukukhathazwa okanye ukuncedwa ngaphandle kokucela uncedo. Umthetho unika izixhobo, kodwa ezo zixhobo zisebenza kakhulu xa zisetyenziswa ngabantu abazifundileyo nabazimiseleyo. Enoba uye wachaswa ngqo okanye wazibonela ngawakho umntu owehlelwa omnye umntu, uthatha inyathelo elinokunceda ukuxhasa isithembiso samalungelo alinganayo kubo bonke abantu.

Isiphelo

Ukwaphulwa kwamalungelo akho asekuhlaleni kwenzeka xa nabani na okanye into ekhoyo, ``iRhulumente' okanye ikukuphatha ngokungafaniyo, ngokukucalula, okanye ngokukuhlupha inkululeko esisiseko esekelwe kwiimpawu ezikhuselekileyo okanye ekuphuleni isiqinisekiso somGaqo-siseko. Ukusuka emsebenzini nokuhlala ujongele ekuvoteleni kunye nakuchongeni, umlinganiselo wokunga, ubanzi, kodwa inkqubo esemthethweni yokuthetha ngayo ibanzi. Ukuqonda iimpawu, ukubhala ubungqina obufanelekileyo, nokufuna amayeza afanelekileyo okukhusela okusesikweni. Ekugqibeleni, amalungelo oluntu awafuni ukuqwalasela ukuqwalaza okusebenzayo, kufuneka ulumke, kwaye xa kuyimfuneko, ukunyanzeleka. Ngokwazi amalungelo akho kunye nenkxaso ekhoyo, unokuzimela uze wakhele uncedo olufanelekileyo kwibutho loluntu lonke.