Indima Ebalulekileyo Yokubhala Ucalucalulo Olukhoyo Ngeminyaka

Ucalucalulo lobudala luhlala luyingxaki engapheliyo nengachazwanga kakhulu kwiindawo zemisebenzi kulo lonke elaseUnited States nasehlabathini lonke. Nangona kukhuselwa ngokusemthethweni njengocalucalulo lwe-Age in Adream Act (ADEA) yowe-1967, oluthintela ukucalucalulwa kwabantu abaneminyaka engama-40 ubudala nangaphezulu, abasebenzi abaninzi basajamelana nekhethe elicalucalucalucalulo elicalucalulo elicacileyo neligqithisileyo elisekelwe kwiminyaka yabo yobudala. I-Aume Accomplity Option Commission (EOC) ifumana amawaka etyala ee-adentilikinia amanani e-a amanani ngonyaka, nto leyo ebala ifuna ukuqwala nokulungiselelwa okuqhubekayo.

Esinye sezixhobo ezinamandla umqeshwa anazo xa ejongene nocalulo lobudala kukucokiseka, nokuchana kwengxelo nganye yeziganeko. Ukubhalwa kwenkcazelo kuguqula imvakalelo engacacanga yokuphathwa ngokungekho simo sibubungqina obucacileyo obunokuhlolisiswa, buqwalaselwe, kwaye busetyenziswe. Xa kusenziwa kakuhle, uxwebhu alulongezeleli nje kuphela ityala lomntu kodwa lunceda abaqeshi baqaphele imibandela yenkqubo kwaye benze imeko ephi nakade indalo. Eli nqaku lihlolisisa ukubaluleka kokubhalwa kweziganeko zocalucalulo lobudala, linika isiseko esineenkcukacha ngoko kumele kubhalwe, kwaye lichaza indlela uxwebhu olufanelekileyo olunokwenza ngayo umahluko phakathi kobungcaciso obungalungiyo nokuziphendulelwayo.

Isizathu Sokuba Ukwahlula Abantu Ngokweminyaka Kube Yimibandela

Ukwakha Ityala Elinokuthanani Nemithetho

Isizathu esiyintloko sokubhala ucalucalulo lobudala sikwenza ingxelo ethembekileyo, elandelelwayo enokuthi ixhase isikhalazo esisemthethweni, ingxelo yangaphakathi, okanye ityala. Inkumbulo iyaphela, kwaye iinkcukacha zifiphale ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ingxelo ebhaliweyo ebhalwe kamsinya emva kokuba isiganeko ngasinye sithathe iinkcazo ezingqalileyo(amagama athethwayo), umongo, abantu ababandakanyekileyo, kunye nempembelelo engokweemvakalelo enokuthi ngenye indlela.

Ukushenxisa Umthwalo Wobungqina

Kumatyala amaninzi ocalucalulo lwemisebenzi, umqeshwa ekuqaleni unoxanduva lokubonisa ukuba ucalucalulo lwenzekile. Inkundla ePhakamileyo yase-U.S. i-Oficile i-McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green ifuna umqeshwa ukuseka ityala le-prigma facie. Uxwebhu olubhaliweyo lunceda ukuhlangabezana nalo mqobo ngokubonisa ukuba umqeshwa ufanelekelelwe isikhundla, wafumana umsebenzi onzima (njengokurhoxiswa, ukukhutshelwa, okanye ukudluliswa kwemibutho), kwaye ngokufanayo abasebenzi abaselula baphathwa kakuhle. Ngaphandle koxwebhu, umqeshwa uyakwazi ukuzama ukukhupha ifomu ebhaliweyo.

Ukuphendula Komqeshi Okukhuthazayo

Iintlangano zisoloko zixhomekeke kwingxelo yangaphakathi yokufumana iziphumo zolwaphulo-mthetho olufanelekileyo. Xa abaqeshwa bebhala amaxwebhu baze babelane ngawo ne-HR okanye ulawulo, inika inkampani inkcazelo esebenzayo. Abaqeshi abaninzi bafuna ngokwenene ukuphepha ityala nokukhuthaza imisebenzi elungileyo. Ukubhalwa kweminye imisebenzi kubanika ubungqina abafanele babuhlolisise, abaphuli-mthetho, kunye nemigaqo yokulungisa. Ngaphandle kwayo, izikhalazo zingalahlwa njengezobugqwetha okanye ezibaxiweyo.

Ukuqinisekisa Ukufaneleka Kweemvakalelo

Ukubonwa kocalucalulo kudida kwaye kuyamshiya umntu angakwazi ukukufumana. Ukugcina ingxelo kunganceda umqeshwa ochaphazelekayo aqhubeke noko kwenzekileyo, aqonde ukuba isimilo sakhe sinzulu, kwaye azive ekwazi ukuyilawula. Ukubhala phantsi isiganeko kusenokuwanciphisa amathuba okuchanabeka okanye ukuwanciphisa kamva amava.

Into Omele Uyibhale: Umbamisi Onengcebiso

Asiyonto yonke ebalulekileyo ngokulinganayo, kodwa imicimbi iphelele. Ezi zinto zilandelayo kufuneka ziqukwe kwisiganeko ngasinye socalulo lobudala. Ukuba naluphi na ulwazi alwaziwa, phawula njenge "alwazi" okanye“alusebenzi" kunokuyishiya ingenanto.

Iinkcukacha Ezingundoqo Kwimeko nganye

  • [[UMTLL: 0] Umhla nexesha - shicilela umhla ochanileyo kwaye gqiba ixesha lokuphinda-phinda. Ukuba isiganeko senzeka nge email, phawula uphinda-phindo olusuka kumyalezo.
  • Indawo - Cacisa indawo engokoqobo okanye eyenyani (umz., “Intlanganiso yokwandisa,”“ igumbi lokwaphula,” “ukufowna iqela leveki ngeveki”.
  • Amagama abo bonke ababandakanyekileyo kumaqela - Bandakanye umntu (s) owenza amagqabaza ocalulo localulo okanye athatha izenzo zocalulo, kwakunye nabo nabaphi na omaneja, abameli be-HR, okanye abasebenzi abakhoyo okanye abaqondayo ngesiganeko.
  • Ulwimi olunobungangamsha okanye ukuziphatha - ucaphula ngokuchanekileyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka nawaphina amazwi okuchaphazeleka (umz., “Sifuna igazi elitsha,”“ Umdala kakhulu ukuba ungafunda i-software entsha,” "Sifuna abantu bomthonyama"). Chaza izenzo zokungahoywa ezifana nokunganikwa umsebenzi ongafanelekanga, okanye ukukhutshwa kwiziganeko zoluntu.
  • [[UMTL: 0] AmaNgqina - Bhala amagama apheleleyo omntu obonileyo okanye ovile isiganeko. Ukuba amangqina kamva angqinela ityala lakho, phawula oko kwanaloo nto.
  • Uxwebhu kunye nobungqina – Qhoboshela okanye naziphi na ii-imeyili, imibhalo, uhlolo lomsebenzi, imisebenzi, iiphetshana lentlanganiso, okanye iinkqubo zenkampani. Gcina imibhalo yayo nayiphina idilesi ebhaliweyo yexesha lokubhekisa okanye amava ngendlela yokukhupha ucalulo.
  • Impendulo ekhawulezileyo kunye neziphumo zexesha lasemva [ - Chaza indlela osabela ngayo ngelo xesha (umz.,"“ndingakufuni ukuthi cwaka” kunye nayo nayiphi na iziphumo ezikhawulezileyo (umz., “ndixelelwe ukuba ndingabi naburhalarhume,”“ Umphathi wam uthekile inkxalabo yam”.
  • [[UMTL: 0] yenza umsebenzi wakho okanye umsebenzi - phawula indlela isiganeko esiyichaphazela ngayo imisebenzi yakho, uvavanyo lomsebenzi, ulwalamano, okanye amathuba okuqhubela phambili.

Umzekelo wenani elipheleleyo elibhalwe ngoxwebhu

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Indlela Yokwenza Uxwebhu Ngokunempumelelo: Uqheliselo olungcono

Ukwenza ilog kuluncedo kuphela ukuba yenziwa ngokungaguqukiyo, ngokuchanekileyo, nangokukhuselekileyo. Landela ezi migaqo ukwenza ulwandiso lwexabiso loxwebhu lwakho.

Iimeko Zoshicilelo Ngokukhawuleza

Bhala phantsi oko kwenzeke ngokukhawuleza emva kwesiganeko. Ngokukhawuleza kukwiyure ezingama-24. Ukulibazisa kwandisa umngcipheko wokulibala iinkcukacha ezirhabaxa okanye ukungcolisa inkumbulo yakho ngencoko yamva. Kwaneencam ezimbalwa zembumbulu ezibhalwe phantsi ngokukhawuleza zingasebenza njengesiseko songeno olupheleleyo kamva.

Namathela Kwizibakala, Kungekhona Iimvakalelo

Ngoxa kungokwemvelo ukucaphuka, ukukhaba, okanye ukudimazeka, uxwebhu kufuneka lubhalwe kakuhle. Endaweni yokubhala u- “umphathi wam ube krwada kum ngenxa yobudala bam,” bhala:“ Umphathi wam wathi, ‘ Sifuna abantu abaselula abanobuxhakaxhaka bobugcisa ngoxa bendijonga ngqo ngexesha lentlanganiso yomsebenzi.” Masivumele izibakala zithethe ngokwazo. Ungadibanisa icandelo elahlukileyo ukuze ungenele iimvakalelo zakho, kodwa i-log engundoqo imele ibe yinyaniso.

Sebenzisa Ifomati Engaguqukiyo

Yamkela isikhokelo okanye iprograma yokusebenza edibanisa amabala adweliswe ngasentla. Ukungaguquki kwenza kube lula ukuqwalasela iirekhodi kamva kunye neepateni zeendawo. Amagqwetha amaninzi acebisa ukusebenzisa iprojekti elula yegama eliqhelekileyo okanye incwadana yemivo ekhuselwe yigama eligqithisiweyo. Kuphephe ukusebenzisa izixhobo okanye iingxelo zenkampani ukugcina ilog yakho, njengokuba umqeshi anokufikelela ngokusemthethweni kwezo nkqubo.

Gcina Ngokhuseleko Uze Wenze Iikopi

Gcina uxwebhu lwakho kwindawo ekhuselekileyo engafikeleleki kumqeshi. Iinketho ziquka i akhawunti ye email yakho, inkonzo yamafu enombhalo ofihlakeleyo onamandla (umz., ProtonMail, Tresorit), okanye incwadana ephathekayo egcinwe ekhaya. Yenza ubuncinane ezimbini iinkonzo ze manani (_ifomati enye nekopi enye yephepha. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba ii akhawunti zakho zamanani zingajongwa, qwalasela ushicilelo nogcino lwamaphepha ngaphandle emsebenzini.

Funa Amacebiso Asemthethweni Ngaphambi Kokwenza Oku

Ukuba uceba ukutyala ityala kwi-EEOC okanye kumbutho karhulumente, jongana negqwetha lokuqala. Igqwetha lingacebisa ngoko likuko ukukubhala, nokuba lizakunikela ingxelo ngaphakathi, nendlela yokuzikhusela kwimpindezelo. Amagqwetha amaninzi asebenza anikela uphicotho-lwazi lokuqala ngesisa. Ungafumana igqwetha elifanelekileyo ngoovimba abanjenge iZiko leMisebenzi yesizwe [[] okanye imibutho yebhar.

Ukuqonda Iintlobo Eziqhelekileyo Zeenkathi

Ukubhalwa kwenkcazelo kuluncedo kakhulu xa ukwazi oko umele ukukukhangela. Ucalulo lobudala lungavela ngeendlela ezininzi, ezinye zingabonakaliyo kwaye zingabonakali. Ukwazi ezi ndlela kukunceda uqonde iziganeko ezifuna ushicilelo.

Ucalucalulo Lubangela Ukuba Kukho Ucalucalulo

Ushicilelo lwemisebenzi oluquka amabinzana afana “ophumeleleyo,”“ owenziwe ngokutsha,” “oselula nonamandla,” okanye “onamava omsebenzi asele ekhulile” angakukhupha ngokupheleleyo okokuba basebenze abakhulileyo. Ebudeni bodliwano-ndlebe, imibuzo malunga nemihla yokuphumelela, iiplani zomhlala phantsi, okanye “ukudibana neqela eliselula” ziiflegi ezibomvu. Ukuba ungumcebisi omdala kwaye ukholelwa ukuba walahlwa ngenxa yobudala, bhala yonke intsebenzi nomqeshi, kuquka unxibelelwano nemiyalezo ye-imeyili kunye namaphetshana ngemibuzo yodliwano-ndlebe.

Ukuphathwa Ngokungalinganiyo Kwizinto Ezikhuthazwayo Nezabelo

Ukugqithiselwa ekunyuseleni umgangatho wokuxhasa umntu omncinane, osebenza naye onamava ambalwa kuhlobo oluqhelekileyo localulo lobudala. Ukubhalwa kwencwadi kufuneka kuquke iimfaneleko zakho, iimfaneleko zomntu okhethweyo, kunye nazo naziphi na iingxelo ezenziwe malunga nobudala okanye “iimbono ezintsha. Ngokunjalo, ukwabelwa imisebenzi enganqwenelekiyo, ukuhluthwa iimbopheleleko, okanye ukushukunyiselwa kwindima engabonakaliyo kusenokuba ziimpawu zokucalula okusekelwe kubudala.

Ukuphoswa nokuncitshiswa koMkhosi (RIF)

Ngexesha lokususwa kwenqanawa, abasebenzi abadala maxa wambi bajoliswe kwimposiso engalawulekiyo. Abaqeshi bangazama ukuthethelela ukhetho ngokucaphula imivuzo ephezulu okanye “umlinganiselo wokukhula.” Ukuba ukhutshwe okanye ubona abantu abadala osebenza nabo bechaphazelekile ngokungenakulinganiswa, ubhale imilinganiselo yokukhetha, inani labo balahlwayo, kunye nawaphi na amagqabaza athethwayo malunga nobudala okanye umhlala - phantsi.

Ukukhathazwa Nokuhlaselwa Kwemeko - bume Yomsebenzi

Ukukhathazwa ngokweminyaka kungaquka iziqhulo, iziqhulo, iziteketiso (umz.,” “umkhulu,” ubhekiso-magama aphindaphindiweyo okuthetha ukuhla kwamandla, okanye ukuyeka iintlanganiso kunye nemisebenzi yoluntu. I-EEOC ichaza indawo echaseneyo yomsebenzi njengendawo apho ihambo inzima okanye isasazeke ngokwaneleyo ukuguqula amanyathelo omsebenzi. Ukugcina isixhobo sokulinganisa, kunye neemini namangqina, kubalulekile ukubonakalisa ukunwenwa.

Ukuzithethelela Kwabo Bakhalazayo

Ukuba unika ingxelo yokwahlulwa kobudala ." ngokunjalo ngaphakathi okanye kwisebe langaphandle", kwaye ufumana iziphumo ezibi ezifana nokuthotywa kwetyala, uhlolo lwendlela engasebenzi kakuhle, okanye ukupheliswa kwemisebenzi, ungaziphindezela. Tshela naluphi na utshintsho lokuphathwa kwakho emva kokuba ukhalazile. Ukuphinda-phinda akuvumelekanga phantsi kwemithetho efanayo enqanda ucalulo, kwaye uxwebhu olunamandla lungangqina uqhagamshelwano phakathi kwesikhalazo nesenzo esichaseneyo.

Impembelelo Yoxwebhu Kwisenzo Sasemthethweni

Ukuthabatha inyathelo ukusuka kumaxwebhu ukuya kwinyathelo elisemthethweni sisigqibo esinzulu. Noko ke, iingxelo ezicokisekileyo zenza loo ndlela icace yaye ithembeke ngakumbi.

Ukomeleza Ityala LeEOC

Ukunika ityala nge-EEOC kuyimfuneko kwityala localulo lobudala obuninzi. I-EEOC ihlola ulwaphulo-mthetho kwaye ingazama ukukhupha i-media okanye ileta yasekunene ukuya-enu. Uxwebhu lwakho lusebenza njengomva wetyala, lunika iziganeko ezithile ezinokuqinisekiswa. Iinkokhelo ezinenkcukacha, uxwebhu lwexesha elithile luthathwa nzulu ngakumbi kwaye lusombululwe ngokukhawuleza. I-EEOC’s [[FLT: 0]] iphepha lobuhlanga [[FLT: 1]]] inikela ukhokelo ngendlela yokufaka ityala kunye nolwazi olufunekayo.

Ukuhlangabezana Nemilinganiselo Eqingqiweyo

Ucalucalulo lweminyaka phantsi kwe-ADEA kufuneka lufakwe kwi-EEOC ngeentsuku ezili-180 zesenzo sokukhupha ityala (okanye iintsuku ezingama-300 kumaphondo akwisebe elifanelekileyo lokusebenza). Ukubhalwa kweentsuku ezithe ngqo kukunceda ukuba ungaphoswa lixesha. Ukuba iziganeko ziyaqhubeka, usenokuba nengcamango “eqhubekayo, kodwa uthembele koko kuyingozi. Ingxelo ecacileyo yexesha enokwenzeka ngalo ikwenzeke ngalo isiganeko ngasinye ikuvumela ukuba ubale ngokuchanekileyo iwindow.

Ukuxhasa Umzekelo Okanye Intetho

Iziganeko ezibini zocalucalulo lobudala maxa wambi zingathiywa njengezikwanti, kodwa indlela yokuziphatha inzima kakhulu ukuyityeshela. Uxwebhu olubonisa izihlandlo ezininzi kwixesha elidlulileyo .

Ukuzikhusela Xa Ubhala Amaphepha

Ukubhala ucalucalulo kuyinto eqhubekayo, kodwa kunokubangela ingozi ukuba akuphathwa kakuhle.

Ukuphepha Ukuziphindezela

Ukubuyisela umva akuvumelekanga, kodwa kwenzeka. Ukunciphisa umngcipheko, musa ukuxubusha uxwebhu lwakho noosebenza kunye okanye ulufake kwi media. Ukuba ufuna ukwabelana ngolwazi, yenza oko kuphela negqwetha lakho okanye umxhasi othembekileyo obotshwe ngemfihlo. Gcina ilog yakho yahlukile kwizixhobo zomsebenzi neengxelo. Ukuba ubuzwa ngoxwebhu kwintlanganiso, unelungelo lokuhlala uthule uthethele uqhagamshelane negqwetha.

Ukuqonda Ilungelo Elibalulekileyo LeAttorney

Ukuba uqesha igqwetha, unxibelelwano lwakho nabo ludla ngokukhuselwa lilungelo eliphezulu. Noko ke, ukuba wabelana ngexwebhu lakho nabahlobo, amalungu entsapho, okanye abasebenzi osebenza nabo, elo lungelo lingarhoxiswa. Buza igqwetha lakho phambi kokuba wabelane ngephepha lakho nomntu ongaphandle kweqela elisemthethweni.

Ukugcina Iikopi Ngendlela Ezininzi

Iingxelo zamanani zingacinywa, zilahleke okanye zonakaliswe. Shicilela imibhalo uze uyigcine kwindawo ekhuselekileyo ekude nomsebenzi. Cinga ngokunika imvulophu evaliweyo enekopi kwiqela lesithathu okanye kwigqwetha lakho. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba nokuba iifayile zakho zantlandlolo zivavanyiwe, ubungqina busekho.

Isiphumo: Uphakamiso-mandla ngombhalo

Ucalucalulo lobudala ngamava obuqu anzulu nadla ngokudimaza, kodwa asinto omele ujongene nayo wedwa okanye ngaphandle kwecebo. Isenzo esilula sokubhala yonke into eyenzekayo siguqula izikhalazo ezingabonakaliyo zibe sisixhobo esicacileyo, esinamandla. Ikhusela amalungelo akho, igcina ubungqina bokuba umele unyangwe ngokusemthethweni, kwaye ithumela umyalezo ocacileyo wokuba awuyi kuphathwa ngokungekho sikweni ngenxa yobudala bakho.

Abaqeshi abaxabisa ubulungisa nokufakwa kwabo kufuneka bakhuthaze impucuko apho abaqeshwa beziva bekhethekile xa bechaza ingxelo yabo, nalapho amaxwebhu ethathwa njengesixhobo sokuphucula, hayi njengesixhobo. Abasebenzi, ukuqeqeshwa koxwebhu kukuveliswa kwesidima sakho nomsebenzi. Kubantu, linyathelo elikhokelela ekubeni imisebenzi ibeke ityala kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba ixesha labo alibi ngumqobo ekufumaneni ithuba.

Ukuba ukholelwa ukuba ujongene nocalucalulo lobudala, qala ukwenziwa kwengxelo namhlanje. Bhala phantsi umhla, amagama, amangqina, kunye neziphumo. Funa icebiso lomthetho. Uze ukhumbule: umthetho usecaleni lakho, kodwa ubungqina busezandleni zakho. Kubuncwane obongezelelekileyo, ubuncwane bomsebenzi AARP kunye nobukho bezolawulo loluntu []