Ukubaluleka Konxibelelwano Olungekho Ngamagama Nolwimi Lomzimba Ekuthetheni

Unxibelelwano olungekho mthethweni kunye nolwimi lomzimba ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuveni, ekuphembeleleni iimvo neziphumo. Kwimimiselo yomthetho, into engasetyenziswanga ingaba nempembelelo njengamazwi athethwayo, izigwebo nezigqibo zokubumba. Ngoxa ubungqina buvelisa isiseko salo naluphi na uluvo, ii-intengiso ezichuliweyo ezidluliselwa ngokuthetha ngobuso, ukuma, izimbo, kunye nokungakhululi, kusenokukwenza ungakwazi ukuthembeka komntu. Ukuqonda ezi mpawu zinika ingcebiso elisemthethweni, ukulindela ukusabela, nokunxibelelana ngokunempumelelo. Eli nqaku lihlolisisa indima engenakubalwa nonxibelelwano olungeyo oluqhelekileyo, ukuchasana nokuva, ukuchasana kwayo kwiziphumo ezingokwasemthethweni, iindlela zokutolika, kunye nokunga kubuchule obufunekayo.

Ukuqonda Amandla Ongathethwanga

Kulo lonke unxibelelwano ekuchongeni kubandakanya imijelo emibini yonxibelelwano ekhawulezileyo: unxibelelwano oluthethwa ngamazwi nolungasetyenziswanga. Uphando lubonisa rhoqo ukuba inxalenye enkulu yentsingiselo yonxibelelwano idluliselwa ngolwimi lomzimba kunokuba idluliselwe ngamazwi kuphela. Kwinkundla yenkundla okanye kwigumbi lokugcina icala, apho zonke izenzo zihlolisiswa, iintsimbi ezingezozozozebhal-bhal zinokuvelisa ukuthemba okanye ukukrokra. Iingcali ezingo zomthetho, ezikwaziyo ukufunda nokuveza ulwimi olufanelekileyo lwequluvo olufanelekileyo lungachaphazela ukulungiselela, ukuvavanyaza, kwanokuqonda kwejaji.

Unxibelelwano olungekhoyo luquka iinguqu ezininzi zezenzo: iimbonakaliso zobuso, ukujongeka kwamehlo, ukuma, izimbo zomzimba, iproxemics (ukusebenzisa isithuba), iihayinti (utho), i-athostic (uthom), isantya, isantya, kunye nezixhobo zokusingqongileyo. Xa ezi zinto zihamba kunye namazwi athethwayo, zidala imvakalelo yokungahambi kakuhle nokunganyani. Xa ziphikisana, zibonakalisa ukunganyani, okanye iinjongo ezifihlakeleyo zokubonisa oko kubagwebi, abavi, abavi, abachongi, nabameli, kunye neenjongo ezifihlakeleyo ziqonda ngokutyityikityiweyo.

Indima Yokungasebenzisi Izakhono Zonxibelelwano Ekuphulaphuleni

Ngexesha lokuchongwa, amangqina, amagqwetha, nabagwebi baxhomekeke kakhulu kwimiqathango engeyoyayo ukuchaza ukunyaniseka, intembelo, kunye neemeko ezingokweemvakalelo. Ezi zingqiniso ziquka iimbonakaliso zobuso, izimbo zomzimba, ukuma, nokudibana kwamehlo. Ukubona ezi mpawu kunceda iingcali ezisemthethweni zivavanye ukuthembeka kobungqina neempikiswano. Ngasezantsi siyazephula ezona zinto zinempembelelo kunxibelelwano olungelulo igalelo olusemthethweni.

Intetho Yobuso

Iintetho zobuso zezona zibonakalisa iimvakalelo ezikhawulezileyo nezinamandla. Ubuso bomntu bungavelisa amawakawaka eentetho ezahlukileyo, ezininzi zazo eziqondwa jikelele kwizithethe, njengoko kuboniswa luphando olusisiseko lwezimo ezisisiseko zengqondo (ukuchulumanco, umsindo, uloyiko, uloyiko, ukucaphuka). Ekuveni, incumo lokwenene lungabonisa ukutyhileka, ngelixa uxinezeleko oluncinane olukhoyo olukhoyo, olungatyhilwayo okanye olunezothe-ukungaqinisekiyo. Umzekelo, ummangalelwa othi ngokukhawuleza obamba imilebetho yakhe xa kuveliswe intwana yobungqina bungabonisa ixhala. Ngokufanayo, ubungqina obuneencukuthulo eziphakamisa kancinane xa kuphendulwa okanye bungaqondakaliso ngephulo labo.

Kuba iimbonakaliso zobuso zisoloko zingazenzekela, zinokuthenjwa kunamazwi. Noko ke, abantu bangafunda ukulawula ezinye izimbo, ingakumbi kwizicwangciso eziphezulu apho balindele ukukhangelwa. Oku kungenxa yokuba abaqeqeshi abaninzi abasemthethweni bagxininisa ukufunda amaqoqo endlela yokuziphatha kunokuthembela kwibinzana elinye. I-smirk edlulayo idityaniswe nokujongwa nokungakholelwa, kanti ukunyuswa kancinane kwamaqaqa angaphakathi kunye nempebelo exinzelelweyo kungabonisa umvano okanye ukuzisola.

Ukuposwa komzimba nemifanekiso

Ukuma okuvulekileyo nokuzithembayo kudla ngokubonisa ukunyaniseka nokuqiniseka, ngelixesha uvalelwe okanye ukhuseleko lungacebisa inkohliso okanye ixhala. Ukushukuma kwesandla, ukurhawula, okanye ukutshintsha kweendawo kungayixhasa okanye kujongela phantsi intetho. Xa kuthethwa, ingqina elihleli ngezixhobo eziqinileyo lingagqalwa njengelikhuselayo, nokuba amazwi afikayo. Ngokuchaseneyo, umntu otyekele phambili kancinci aze asebenzise imiqondiso angabonakala ebotshelelwe kwaye enyanisile.

Imizobo ingacalulwa ibe ziindidi eziliqela:

  • [[UMTL: 0] Izandi ezinokubonakala — intshukumo ezithile ezithe ngqo ezihambelana nomlomo (umz., ubhontsi wokuvunyelelwa). Ezi zichazwe ngokwesithethe kwaye kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngobulumko.
  • [[NTL: 0] Izibonisi zobungcali — intshukumo ezihambisana nentetho ukucacisa okanye ukugxininisa ingongoma, njengokubala iminwe okanye ukuzoba umkrozo emoyeni. Ezi zinganyusa ukuqonda kodwa zisenokubonisa ukungaqiniseki okungacacanga ukuba kunyanzelekile.
  • [[NTL: 0] Izimbo ezingaqhelekanga — ukuzichukumisa okanye ukuphatha ngemichiza into (umz., ukuhlikihla intamo, ukudlala ngepeni). Amaqondo aphezulu eenqanawa ezikwaziyo ukumelana novalo okanye ukunganyaniseki kwaye angakucutha ukuthembeka.
  • [[Umthetho:0] Izimbo zomthetho [ — intshukumo ezilawula ukuhamba kwencoko, njengempompoza-mpumlo ukukhuthaza ukuqhubeka okanye ukuphakamisa isandla ukuba sime. Ekuveni, abagwebi bangasebenzisa ezo mpawu ukuze baphawule umnqweno wokukhawulezisa okanye ukucotha ubungqina.

Kwakhona i-Protope iyakwazi ukunxibelelana nobume kunye nokuthembeka. Umntu omi mde, amagxa, kwaye ekwasasazeni ubunzima unegunya. Umntu ohamba ngemikhono, otshintsha ubunzima rhoqo, okanye otyebayo angabonwa njengothobelayo okanye ozibambayo. Ii-attorney zisoloko zifundisa amangqina ukuba ahlale engoondilele kodwa evulekile: ukuhlala nkqo, izandla ziphumle ngokulula etafileni okanye egudla, kunye neenyawo ezithe tyaba phantsi. Noko ke, ukugoba kungundoqo; ukuma okuqheliselwe kakhulu kusenokubonakala kuqinile kwaye kubangela ukukrokreqa.

Qhagamshelana Namehlo

Ukudibana kwamehlo kungumlawuli onamandla wokuthembana kunye noqwalaselo. Ekuphulaphuleni, ukulondoloza imbonakalo yamehlo efanelekileyo yeempawu zentembelo, ukunyaniseka, kunye nokuganana. Noko ke, imithetho iyahluka ngokomongo. Ingqina elijonge kakhulu lingabonakala linobundlobongela, ngelixa umntu ophepha ukujongwa emehlweni esenokubonakala enganyanisekanga okanye engafuni ukubonwa. Ukujongwa phantsi xa ucinga ngemibuzo enzima kuyinto yendalo, kodwa ukuphepha okuqhubekayo okungakumbi xa ephendula umbuzo ngqo.

Uphando lubonisa ukuba abantu badla ngokujonga umntu abamthandayo okanye abamthembayo rhoqo, kwaye ukujongana kunye kunyusa idibene. Kwimimiselo esemthethweni, abagwebi badla ngokubona abantu bejongene ngokufanelekileyo, bejongene ngokulinganayo, benokuqiqa kunabo bajongeka ngokugqithiseleyo. Ngokuchasene noko, amagqwetha asebenzisa ukujongana emehlweni ukuze alawule: ngokujonga ingqina, basenokukhuthaza uxinzelelo; ngokujonga phantsi, bangabonakalisa ukudana okanye ukungakholelwa.

Ulwimi: Amandla Angazange Athethe Ilizwi

Ngelixesha lobugcisa, isandi selizwi sithathwa njengenxalenye yonxibelelwano olungelulo uluvo. Ekuveni, kwiparafishi, umthamo, isingqi kunye nesingqi esibonisa umaleko owongezelelweyo wentsingiselo. Ilizwi elizolileyo, elizinzileyo libonisa ulawulo nenyaniso, kanti ukungcangcazela, ilizwi elinesandi esiphezulu lingabonakalisa uloyiko okanye ixhala. Ukuthula nokunqumama kuthwale ubunzima: ukuntyhafa phambi kokuphendula kungabonisa ukungaqiniseki okanye ukuyila, ngexa ukunqumama kwanga ngabom kugxininisa ukubaluleka.

Ii-athorney zidla ngokulungisa iimpawu zazo zelizwi ukuze zibonise igunya okanye uvelwano. Umzekelo, umtshutshisi angathoba isantya aze athobe isandi xa enika ubungqina obubalulekileyo ukuze anike ingqalelo. Igqwetha elizithethelelayo lingamkela intetho ethambileyo, engxolo engakumbi xa libuza ingqina elibuthathaka. Ngokufanayo, abagwebi basebenzisa ilizwi labo ukulawula iqondo lobushushu lenkundla.

Iiproxems kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesithuba

Ilungiselelo lefanitshala kunye nomgama ophathekayo phakathi kwabathathi-nxaxheba ubumba uxinzelelo lwento evakalayo. /Isigwebo esiqhelekileyo senkundla siphakanyiswe kwibhedi, abachopheli-mthetho abakufutshane, singqinelane nomgwebi kodwa sahluke ngokunjalo. /Igqwetha lisondela kumntu onegunya xa lihlola, lisenokunyusa uxinzelelo lwengqondo. Okanye, ijaji etyebekileyo kwibheriji ingabonisa ukunikela ingqalelo okanye ukuphelelwa ngumonde. Ubungakanani benkundla, umgama ukusuka kwikhamera ekuveni okude, kwane-engile yevidiyo bonke banikela kwi-eforeji engeyo-baluleki abasebenzi be-scio bayazi.

Kwiindlebe ezikude zevidiyo, iproxemics ziba ngamanani. Umgama oya kwikhamera (ngokunokuba ujongene nomphulaphuli), i-engile yentloko, nokubonakala kwezandla kunye nendlela yokuma zonke zidlulisela intsingiselo. Ingqina eligcwalisa ikhusi ngobuso balo kuphela linokubonwa njengesondeleyo kwaye elinamandla kakhulu; umntu ohlala ngasemva kakhulu ngemvelaphi egqugqisileyo angabonakala engongoma. Oogqirha basemthethweni kufuneka baqhelanise ulwazi lwesithethe olungangeni ncam kule ndlela, apho kungekho ntloko encinane kunye nezibaliso ezincinane.

Impembelelo Yentetho Yomzimba Kwiziphumo Ezisemthethweni

Ukuchazwa kolwimi lomzimba ngokunempumelelo kungaphembelela iziphumo zokuchotshelwa. Abagwebi nabagwebi badla ngokuthemba amangqina abonisa ukungaguquguquki nokungathembani. Ngokuchaseneyo okanye izimbo zemithambo-luvo zisenokukhokelela ekuthandabuzeni. Uhlolisiso kwinkundleni yengqondo lubonisa ukuba abagwebi badla ngokuvelisa iimbono zokuqala zobungqina kwimizuzu embalwa yokuqala esekelwe kakhulu kwindlela yokungasebenzisi magama. Ezi zimvo zingayiguqula indlela ubungqina obucaciswe ngayo kamva.

  • Ukunyaniseka okunganqamleziyo [[FLT:] — amaNgqina ahlala ejongene namehlo, asebenzisa izimbo ezifanelekileyo, kwaye amela ngokukhululekileyo anokuthenjwa.
  • ityhila iimeko ezingokweemvakalelo — iinkcazelo ezinokusetyenziswa namalungu omzimba aguqukayo atyhila uloyiko, umsindo, okanye inkcaso enokufihla amagama.
  • inika ubungqina bomlomo[[FT:1] — ukuthetha komzimba okuziintloko kuqinisa amagama athethwayo, kuwenza akhumbuleke kwaye abe nempembelelo.
  • Ingabonisa inkohliso[ — Ngelixesha kungekho miqondiso enye ethembekileyo exokayo, izihloko zemiqondiso (umz., ukujong'emehlo kuyaluphepha uvalo, izimbo zomzimba, iimo zentetho ezididanayo) zinganyusa ukukrokra.

Noko ke, kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba intetho yesiqu sisinye sedizelo. Ubunzima obunikwa abantu abangasebenzisi methalcues buyahluka ngokongamelanga kunye nokufumana inyani. Kumatyala ebhentshi, abagwebi baqeqeshelwa ukuxhomekeka kubungqina kunye nobungqina, kodwa abagonyelwanga kwimpembelelo engeyoyoyabasebenzi. Kuvavanyo lwejaji, imiyalelo isoloko ilumkisa abalawuli ukuba bangaxhomekeki kulwimi lomzimba, kodwa ugwebo lomntu lusoloko luzingisa.

Ukufunyaniswa Kwenkohliso Neemvavanyo Zayo

Iingcali ezininzi zomthetho kunye namagosa alawula umthetho aqeqeshelwe ukubona ukuqhatha okunokwenzeka ngolwimi lomzimba. Izibonisi eziqhelekileyo ziquka: amaxoki asenokuhlala enxibelelana namehlo kakhulu kunamangqina ayinyaniso (ukubonelela), asenokunyusa izimbo ezilungelelanisayo, kwaye asenokubonakalisa ukungavumelani phakathi kwamagama namabinzana. Kodwa amashumi eminyaka ophando, kuquka ukuxilonga okungaqondakaliyo okubangelwa nguVrij kunye nabo basebenza nabo, babonise ukuba ukuxoka kwabantu kuxhomekeke nje kwithuba elingephi. Uqeqesho lobuchule lunokuphucula ukukwazi ukuva amagama (ngokufana nokungavumelaniseki kwamabali) kodwa alukukhuthazi ngokuphawulekayo ukufundwa kolwimi olungelulo.

Lo mqathango ubalulekile: intetho yomzimba akufunekanga isetyenziswe njengekuphela kwesiseko sokugweba. Imvelaphi yenkcubeko, ubuntu, inkxalabo ngenkqubo esemthethweni, kwanobuhlungu emzimbeni bungavelisa ihambo yokukhangela ngokukhohlisayo kubungqina obupheleleyo obuyinyaniso. Umzekelo, ingqina elisuka kwinkcubeko apho ukujongana ngqo emehlweni kujongwa njengokungahloneli mbeko. Umntu onenkxalabo entlalo-ntle angangcangcazela aze aphephe ukujongxeza nokuphepha xa ethetha inyaniso. Ngoko, ulwimi lomzimba lubaluleke kakhulu xa luchazwa ngokuphakamisa ubungqina kunye nokuqonda okubhaliweyo.

Ukuqeqesha Nokuphaphela Kwamagcisa Asemthethweni

Iingcali zomthetho zisoloko ziqeqeshwa ukutolika intetho engeyoyoyo-meya ngokuchanekileyo. Ukuphaphela ulwimi lomzimba kukhulisa ubuchule bazo bokuvavanya ubungqina ngokunyaniseka kwaye zenze izigqibo zolwazi. Izikolo ezininzi zomthetho ngoku ziquka iimodyuli eziphathekayo kwinkundla yenkundla nezonxibelelwano olungekho lwamagama. Ukuqhubeka kwemfundo esemthethweni (i-CPS) kunikela iintlanganiso ezikhethekileyo ngokufunda ulwimi lomzimba, ukuqhuba iimvavanyo zokugculela ngokuphendula, nokuhlalutya ubungqina obubhaliweyo.

Uqeqesho oluqhelekileyo lugubungela:

  • ukwakhiwa kwesiseko sesiseko — Ukuqwalasela ukuziphatha okuqhelekileyo kwamangqina phambi kwentlondi ephezulu yendlebe ukwahlula uxinzelelo olubangelwa kukuqhatha.
  • Uhlaziyo lweqela - Ukhangelo lwendlela ezizinzileyo zecules kunokuba zibe ziimpawu ezinye.
  • [[NKQUBO:0] Ukuqonda okuqhelekileyo — ukuqonda ukuba izimbo kunye neentetho zineentsingiselo ezahlukeneyo kwizithethe (umz., ubhontsi phezulu ucaphukisa kumazwe akwiMpuma Ephakathi).
  • Uhlolo lwevidiyo — uqhelisela noshicilelo lwezimvo zokwenene ukutolika ngendlela elungeleleneyo nokunciphisa ukuzithemba ngokugqithiseleyo.
  • [[UMTHETHO: 0]. ubungqina obungachananga. — Ukufunda olo lwimi lomzimba ekuncinwa kwamapolisa (apho inkohliso inokuba ixhaphakile) yahlukile kubungqina obungaphumiyo enkundleni.

Ngaphezu koko, amagqwetha aqeqeshelwe ukulawula ukunikezelwa kwawo okungekho mthethweni. Igqwetha elidlala ijoni, eliphepha ukudibana ngamehlo nabachopheli-tyala, okanye elithetha ngokukhawuleza lingalonakalisa ityala lomxhasi walo. Amagqwetha amaninzi azama ukuqhelisela ukuma okuqinileyo, ukusebenzisa izimbo ezivulekileyo, isantya selizwi esingafaniyo, nokujongana kakuhle nabagwebi. Ngokukwanjalo abagwebi baqeqeshelwa ukwenza imbonakalo yokungakhethi buso kunye nolwimi lwamalungu athe gqolo, ingakumbi xa bewisa umthetho ngemiqathango okanye xa beyalela abagwebi.

Ukulinganiselwa Kwendlela Yokuchaza Ulwimi Lomzimba

Ngeli xesha intetho yomzimba inika ingqiqo exabisekileyo, ayinakuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo. Umahluko wenkcubeko, imikhwa, kunye nezinto ezikufutshane ezikufutshane zinokuphembelela iimpawu ezingasebenzisi magama. Ngoko ke, ukutolikwa kufuneka kuqwalaselwe kwaye kupheleliswe ngohlalutyo lonxibelelwano. Ngeli ngezantsi zizinto ezingundoqo ekungagcinwa kuzo engqondweni:

  • I-Cultral vonical — izithethe zokunxibelelana kwamehlo, iintsingiselo zesenzo, kunye neeproxemic ezamkelekileyo zahlukile ngokuphawulekayo. Umzekelo, kwizithethe ezininzi zase-Asia, ukujong'ethe ixesha elide kujongwa njengokungqubana, ngoxa kukwizithethe zamaNtshona kubonisa ukunyaniseka. Igqwetha eliyichaza kakubi indlela elijonge ngayo ingqina njengenkohliso engathi liphosakele kakhulu.
  • [[NTLT:0] ukwahluka komntu [ — iimpawu zobuntu ezifana ne-introver okanye i-extrosion zichaphazela ukuziphatha okusezantsi. Umntu ozigcineleyo ngokwemvelo angabonakala ewedwa kwaye engazithembi, kwanaxa enyanisekile ngokupheleleyo. Ngokwahlukileyo, ingqina elinobuntu lisenokubonakalisa ukuzola, ukuqiniseka komzimba ngoxa exoka.
  • Ukuxinezeleka kwemeko — Ukuva kudinisa ngokwemvelo. Uvalo luyintsabelo yendalo kwaye lunokufana nemiqondiso yokukhohlisa (umz., ukubila, ukuphepha ujongo lwamehlo, ukunginginya). Amangqina amaninzi anyanisile abonisa ezi mpawu, ingakumbi kwiimeko eziphezulu okanye xa etyholwa ngezenzo zobubi ngokwawo.
  • Izinto ezibukhali — Ukudinwa, iziphumo ezingalindelekanga zamayeza, iintlungu zomzimba, okanye ukungava/iiviwo zengqondo zonke zingachaphazela ukuthetha komzimba. Ingqina elihlala lingathethi lisenokudinwa, lingazithinteli.
  • Ukusebenzisa ngemiqathango — amaxoki anobuchule, kuquka abazobi kunye nabadlali abaqeqeshiweyo, bayakwazi ukubonisa indlela yokweyisa yomzimba. Basenokuba baqhelisele intetho yentsimbi elungileyo, bagcine ujongo oluthe nkqo, kwaye baphephe abalungisi-mehlo. Kwelinye icala, abanye abantu abanyanisekileyo bangazama ukubonakala “banyanisekile,” bevela njengokuba beqheliswe.
  • ukuxhasa ucalucalulo — Xa inyani ifumana inyani ivelisa uluvo malunga nokuthembeka kwamangqina, badla ngokuchaza ukungaqiniseki okungachananga ukuqinisekisa olo luvo. Oku kungakhokelela ekujijekeni kwenkcazelo egqwethekileyo.

Kuluvo lwezi ngxelo, uqheliselo olungcono luquka ukusebenzisa ulwimi lomzimba njengesixhobo sokongezela kunesixhobo sokwenza izigqibo ezingundoqo. Iingcali zomthetho kufuneka zidibanise ingqiqo engeyoyonto nobungqina obupheleleyo, iingxelo zobungqina, kunye nobungqini bubhaliweyo. Kwingxoxo yokuqukumbela, amagqwetha akhuthazwa ukugxininisa ukungangqinelani ngamazwi nokuxhasa izibakala, ngeli xesha kuqwalaselwa ngobulumko kuphela ukuziphatha okungekhona kwamagama xa kucacile nokungaguquguquki.

Amacebiso Aluncedo Okungasebenzisi Ibhalbhari Eluncedo Ekuphulaphuleni

Kukho iziphumo eziphucule iziphumo. Nazi iingcebiso ezinokwenziwa:

KumaNgqina

  • Yenza ukuma kakuhle — Hlala ume ume ngamagxa, iinyawo phantsi. Kuphephe ukujinga, ukuwela iingalo, okanye ukusebenzisa itafile njengomqobo.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Gcina ujongo lwendalo lwamehlo[[FLT: 1]] - Jonga umntu obuza umbuzo. Yiba khululekileyo ukujongeka xa ucinga, kodwa buyise ujongo xa uqala ukuphendula. Musa ukujonga ngokugqwabalaza.
  • [[NTL:0] Gwema ukuqhama [ — Gcina izandla ngaphandle kokuba uzisebenzisele ukucacisa ingongoma. Ungachukumisi ubuso, ienwele, okanye impahla ngokuphinda-phindayo. Ukuba usoyika, faka izandla kunye phambi kwakho okanye uzibeke etafileni.
  • [[NTL:0] Vumela iimvakalelo zibonise ngokwemvelo[ — Ukuba uziva ucaphukile, kwamkelekile ukubonisa udano (umz., ukukrazula) ngesizathu. Noko ke, kuphephe ukuboniswa okugqithisileyo okungabonakala kwimidlalo yeqonga okanye ukuxhaphaza.
  • Thetha ngokucacileyo kwaye uphinde uthethe ngendlela eyahlukileyo — Ilizwi elinye linokujongwa njengelikruqulayo okanye elikhohlisayo, nokuba unyanisekile. Lixelise ilizwi lakho ukuze ubonise ubunzulu bomxholo.
  • [[NTL:0] Impahla ngokufanelekileyo — impahla ayiyo-balcue ngokwayo. I-conervative, efanele imiqondiso yokunxiba intlonelo kunye nenkcubeko. Kuphephe ukushwankathela izinto ezinokuphazamisa.

Iintaka Ezincinane NezaBagwebi

  • phawula phambi kombuzo — Zinike ixesha ekuqaleni uphawula isiseko sokuziphatha kobungqina xa bengaphantsi kwengcinezelo (umz., xa behlala okanye benika iinkcukacha zokuqala).
  • Sebenzisa ulwimi lomzimba ukulawula ukuva — IiAttorney zingadlulisela igunya ngokuma ngokuqiniseka nangokulinganisa izimbo zezandla. Abagwebi bangaphawula isiphelo somgca wokubuza ngokulungisa indlela abame ngayo, ukuhlenga-hlengisa kwibheri, okanye ukujong' phantsi.
  • Yenza imeko-bume entle — Ukuhlenga-hlengisa uluvo olubonakalayo losongelo (umz., ngokusebenzisa isandi esithambileyo okanye ukuvuma uloyiko lwamangqina) kunganceda amangqina enyaniso abonise indlela yomzimba eqhelekileyo, okwenza kube lula ukufumanisa inkohliso.
  • Lumka ucalucalulo lwakho [ — Qaphela ukuba ungaphenjelelwa bubuhle, uhlanga, ubufana, okanye indlela yoluntu. Qwalasela ukudibana noogxa bakho okanye ukusebenzisa izixhobo zovavanyo eziqhelekileyo ukukhangela iimbono zakho.
  • Ingqwalasela ezingezizo intelekelelo ezingezizo i-odolo eziqukunjelweyo ngokwesiko — bhekisa kulwimi lomzimba kuphela xa lubhalwe kakuhle kwaye luhambisana nobungqina. Kuphephe ukuqiqa. Umzekelo, “Ukuzimela kwengqina ukujophana kwamehlo okuzingisileyo xa kuchaza intengiso engundoqo kucebisa ukuba babengakhululekanga ” kulula kakhulu kunokuthi“ Ingqina lixoke ngokucacileyo ngenxa yokuba lichukumise iimpumlo zabo."

Ukuqhelanisa Neendlebe Ezikude

Ukukhula kwemvakalelo yendlebe kuguqule indlela engadluliseli ibhalbhalcus edluliselwa ngayo. Utshintsho olungundoqo luquka:

  • [[FLT: 0] Camera indawo - Beka ikhamera kumgangatho wamehlo ukufanisa uthelekiso ngqo lwamehlo. Jonga kwikhamera xa uthetha, hayi ikhusi.
  • [[UKWENZIWA:0] Ukukhanya nokungasemva - Qinisekisa ukuba ubuso bakho bukhanyisiwe kakuhle kwaye isiqalo asiyonxalenye yomkhosi kwaye siqeqeshiwe. Kuphephe ukugquma okanye indawo zabucala.
  • Kuphephe ukulahleka kwikhusi - Ukuba ulwabelana nabathathi-nxaxheba abaninzi, qinisekisa iwindow yakho yevidiyo ibalasele. Sebenzisa imibhobho yomgangatho kwaye unciphise ingxolo engasemva.
  • phulaphula icus zezwi [[FLT: 1] — Ngokuncitshiswa kwenkcazelo yokubona, nikela ingqalelo eyongezelelekileyo kwisandi, ukunqumama, nokuthandabuza. Noko ke, khumbula ukuba ukulibazisa kobugcisa kunokubangela ukunqumama kwendalo okukhangeleka njengokuthandabuza.
  • Sebenzisa umboniso wencoko ngobuchule — amagqabaza abhaliweyo ngexesha lokuva angaqondwa ngokuphosakeleyo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imiqondiso evumelaniyo (umz., “Mgwebi, ndingasondela?).

Isiphelo

Unxibelelwano olungekho mthethweni kunye nolwimi lomzimba zizinto ezingundoqo zokuva, zithwala amandla okukhulisa okanye ukuthoba ukuthembeka, ukucenga abenzi besigqibo, nokutyhila iimvakalelo ezifihlakeleyo. Iingcali zomthetho ezikwaziyo ukuzazi kakuhle ezi mpawu.

Kodwa ukuntsonkotha kwendlela yokuziphatha kwabantu kufuna ukuthobeka. Akukho nto iboniswa okanye intetho ingenasiqinisekiso. Obona basebenzi banobuchule badibanisa uhlolisiso olungeyondlela yokusebenzisa imibala nohlalutyo olungqongqo lobungqina, ubuchule benkcubeko, kunye nobuchule bokwazi ukuzilungisa. Njengokuba iinkundla ziqhelanisa nobugcisa obutsha kunye nabantu abahlukeneyo, ufundo lonxibelelwano olungelulo lwamagama luza kuhlala lungummandla onamandla, luqhubekeke ngokuphinda-phinda luqonde indlela okusesikweni okuqondwa nokunikelwa ngayo. Ngokudibanisa obu bulumko, inkqubo esemthethweni iyakwazi ukusondela kumgaqo wayo: izigqibo ezisekelwe kungekhona koko kuthethwayo, kodwa ekuqondeni ngokupheleleyo oko kuthethwayo.

Ukufunda ngokubhekele phaya kwinzululwazi yengqondo yonxibelelwano olungelulo unxibelelwano lwezomthetho, qwalasela uphando lwezibonelelo kwi- iMelika Psychological Association ekufumaneni inkohliso, i-Asciciation for Psychological Science[ izifundo ngesimilo sabachopheli-mthetho, kunye nezikhokelo ezisebenzayo kwi-[FLT:] Georgotown University Lecology Program.