Isithethe sokholo: Iqela leUlster Unionism Liyabandakanyeka Kuluntu Lonqulo Lwasemntla Ireland

Ukholo luye lwasetyenziswa kakhulu kwibutho lama-Ulster Union Union Party (UUUP) yaye ngokuqhubekayo iyakuphawula indima enzulu eyenziwa lunqulo ekuxoliseni imilinganiselo yentlalo, isiseko sokuziphatha, kunye nokudibana kwebutho loluntu. Njengeqela elidala leepolitiki eNorthern Ireland, ulwalamano lwe-UUP neqela lobuProtestanti, kodwa kwakhona i-Wesile, i-Harthestern, kunye nezinye iinkolo eziyaya ngokukhulayo zibonisa ukuba zikho ngokwenene kwimbali yommandla kunye nobomi babantu basekuhlaleni. Oku akungombandela nje wesimilo sezobupolitika; kumela ubuchule bokwakha amabhulo, ukukhuthaza umanyano, kunye nentetho yentlalo, kunye neemfuno zentlalo lwentlalo, kunye neemfuno zentlalo zentlalo-ma.

Isiseko Sokholo Embalini

Ukususela ekusungulweni kwayo ngo-1905, iUlster Union Direction yayilungelelaniswe neecawa zamaProtestanti, ingakumbi iCawa yamaPresbyterian eIreland neCawa yase-Ireland. Ezi ecawa zanikela ukhokelo lokuziphatha, izibonelelo zentlangano kunye nophawu olungokwesithethe olwayabelana olumanyanisa amamanyano phakathi kwamaphulo oLawulo lwasekhaya. Ukufumana amanani anjengoEdward Carson noJames Craig ayengamalungu akhutheleyo amabandla obuProtestanti, kwaye amalungu angaphambili eqela leqela ayesoloko ebhenela imigaqo yobuKristu njengesiseko sokulawula eNyakatho Ireland. URwanda Act nokumiselwa kwephondo lwaseMntla Ireland kunye nomthetho olandelayo wabona iUP u-in-in-alpolayd synd synd synd synd synd, intlalovest, kunye ne-Sabatha le-Sabatha.

Noko ke, olu lwalamano lwalungelulo olunye umanyano. Phakathi komanyano, kwakusoloko kukho umsonto wobuProtestanti obukhululekileyo obuxhasa ulawulo olupheleleyo nentlonelo kubamelwane bamaKatolika. Imifanekiso efana noSir Basil Brooke (kamva Lord Brookebough) yalondoloza unxulumano noobhishophu bamaKatolika, kwananjengoko urhulumente wayejongwa ngokukrokra ngabaxhasi abaninzi besizwe. UUP wavuma uluntu oluneenkolo ngexesha elinjalo yayikumacala amabini: yaqinisa uphawu lwamaProtestanti lwelizwe ngeli ngeli xesha lifuna, nangona lingafezekanga, ukuvuma ubukho bomvolo wamaKatolika ambalwa. Iqela lalo lalo lixhasa ukukholelwa kwizikolo ezininzi kunye namaziko anceda abantu abanceda abantu abanoncedo labekwa kwisiseko sentsebenziswano.

Iengxaki NeCawa Njengomlamli

Ukuqhambuka kweMixokelelwano ekupheleni koo-1960 kwabangela uxinzeleleko olukhulu kulwalamano phakathi koluntu lwasemntla Ireland. Iicawa zazisoloko zisiba ziindawo zokulwa, kodwa zazikwanikezela iindawo ezinqabileyo zokuncokola. IUP, njengeqela elilawulayo kweli xesha lininzi, yaqonda ukuba iinkokeli zecawa (zezinye iiNkolo zamaProtestanti kunye namaKatolika) zazisebenza njengeenkonzo ezithembekileyo. Abaphathi-mikhosi abafana no-Terence O'Neill noBrian Faulk babedibana rhoqo nequmrhu leCawa yamaRoma Katolika, kuquka ukhadinali William Conway, kunye neCawa kabhishophu ye-Ireland uGeorge Sims. Ezi ntlanganiso zazingasoloko zibhengezwa, kodwa zanceda ekunxibelelaneni unxibelelwano phakathi neminyaka yobumnyama.

Umzekelo ophawulekayo yayiyiSunningdale Revention ka 1974, eyabona abefundisi be-UUP besebenza ngakwicala lecawa eliphazanyisiwe yicawa ukuze bakhe inkxaso enqamlezileyo ye-octum-omstyler. Kwanasemva kokusilela kwesivumelwano, i-UUP yaqhubeka ibuzana neenkokeli zonqulo kwimibandela efana nokudibana, ucalucalucalulo lwezindlu, kunye nolawulo lobulungisa. Iqela lowe19799 elibonakalisiwe lavuma ngokucacileyo "uncedo olubalulekileyo lweecawa kwimilinganiselo yokuziphatha nentlalo lwentla- Ireland". Ngexesha lokulamba kuka-110821, abameli be-UUUUUP badibana nabefundisi boodaday macala okuye kuvavanywa inkqubela-mthetho, nangona inkqubela phambili yayilinganiselwe. Ukuzinziswa kwezi ngxoxo, noko, kwabekwa isiseko soxolo.

Isivumelwano sePfter- Entle NgoLwesihlanu: Incoko yencoko

I-Good Wearv Agreement yaphawula ukudityaniswa kwe-UP ne-UP. Iqela, elalikhokelwa nguDavid Trimble, laqonda ukuba uxolo oluhlala luhleli alufuni nje kuphela ukuhlaliswa kwezobupolitika kodwa lukwafuna uxolelwaniso lwengca. Izakhiwo zokunxibelelana ezicwangcisiweyo zasekwa, kuquka iintlanganiso ezithe rhoqo phakathi kwamagosa eqela kunye neenkokeli zecawa ezine ezingundoqo (iKatolika, i-Presbyterian, iCawa yase-Ireland, neMethodistsi). Ezi ntlanganiso zazithetha ngemicimbi yamajoni, iimbambano, kunye nokuqalisa kweenguqulo ze-compustrian Church (i kunye neCawa yamaPresbytestanti) kunye ne-Irterian Union yase-Ireland, ngokufanayo neyaseluntwini olungeyobuKristu, njengebutho lamaYuda ase-Belfastst kunye nama-Aslistism.

Uxwebhu lomgaqo-nkqubo weqela lowama-2003 "Ukwakha iSihlomelo Esibiweyo" ngokucacileyo lubizwe "kubudlelane obusekelwe elukholweni kunye nemibutho ejongene nokuhlangabezana nokuncitshiswa kwentlalo kunye nokukhuthazwa kolwalamano lwabantu. Oku kwakhokelela ekumisweni kweQela lokholo nePhondo le-Politiki phakathi kwe-UUP, elavelisa iingcebiso kuzo zonke izinto ezivela kwizifundo zesikolo zedolophu ezikhokelela ekuvuselweni kwakhona. Umsebenzi weqela wagxininisa ukuba ukholo kufuneka luphinde lusetyenziswe: i-UUUP ibiya kuphulaphula inkxalabo yonqulo, hayi nje ukulindela ukuvuselelwa kwalo. Oku kwanceda iqela ligcine ukuthembeka kwanjengoko ukuphumelela kwalo kwe-Democratic Union Parties (DUP).

Amanyathelo Okuqalisa Angoku: Iinguqu Zonqulo Ezidityanisiweyo

Namhlanje, i-UUP iyaqhubeka ibeka ingxubusho yomanyano lwecawa ngothotho lwee-proteins. Eli qela liququzelela iziphumo ezidityanisiweyo eBelfast, iDerry/Londonderry, kunye nezinye iindawo zengingqi, zihlanganise abefundisi abasuka kumaProtestanti, amaKatolika, ama-Othodoki, amaSilamsi, namaSilamsi. Ezi zithethe azizibonelelo aziziqheliselo zobugqeba, kuquka iingxelo ezidityani ezidityanisiweyo ezifana nolwaphulo-mthetho, ubuhlwempu, kunye nokuphathwa kwemeko-meko. UUPUP wahlanganisa i-SNTreast, i-DN, i-DNPPP.

Ngaphezu kweentlanganiso ezicwangcisiweyo, iUUP isebenzisa ii-intanethi zayo ezinamagumbi angqukuva ukuxhasa imisebenzi yomanyano lwasekuhlaleni. Iiofisi ezincedisana neenkonzo zecawa zidla ngokuncedisa iicawa kunye neenkonzo zenkonzo ekusebenziseni inkxaso yemali phantsi kwenkqubo yoxolo lwe-PIS kunye ne-PUS. Amaqela axhasa amatsha - ntliziyo kwiziganeko zomanyano olufana nolu "Ukholo Kunye" lwaminyaka le eArmagh, olunomculo, ukutya, kunye nengxoxo evela kwiinkonzo ezininzi zonqulo. Oku kunceda ukuphikisana nembono yokuba ubumanyano bungamaProtestanti okanye amahlelo. Inkokeli ye-UPUP, uDoug Beattie, yenza ingongoma yokutyelela izikolo zamaKatolika neenkonzo, isithi "uthrouths, imele ibe yibhulokhwe, hayi umqobo".

Imisebenzi yoLuntu eQhubekayo

Uluntu lokholo luye lwangamaqabane abalulekileyo kwizenzo zoluntu eziqhutywa ngu-UUP. Kwimimandla enjengezindlu, eli qela liye lasebenza kunye nemibutho yezindlu ezisekelwe ecaweni ukulungiselela amakhaya anokufikeleleka kwiintsapho ezifumana imali ephantsi. I-UUUP yaxhasa ukusekwa kwe "Izibonelelo Kubo Bonke" i-nethwekhi, edibanisa iicawa norhulumente wasekuhlaleni ukuphendula ukungabi namakhaya. Ngokufanayo, iqela liye lasebenzisana nenkxaso yemibutho yokunceda amaKatolika njenge St. Vincent de Paul nemibutho yamaPresbytestanti enjengee Church’s "Care com" ukunikela iibhanki zokutya, icebiso, amatyala, kunye nenkxaso yempilo yengqondo. Le misebenzi ibonakalisa uUPUPUP intel inyanise ukuzinikela kokholo kulawulo lwezentlalo olusemthethweni lwentlalo, kungakhathaliseki i-luvo lwamaKatolika, kungakhathalisekitiko.

Iprojekthi enye yeflegi yi "Yam Cotherinet" inkqubo esungulwe ngo-2019 ngokusebenzisana neCawa yase-Ireland kunye neBhunga leeCawa zase-Irish. Le nkqubo izisa kunye amaqela adityanisiweyo amaProtestanti kunye namaKatolika akwimimandla enxulumeneyo ukuze asebenze kwimida yoluntu, imizobo yemiboniso-mfono-mfono, kunye nemikhondo yelifa. IUP inikela inkxaso ekhuselekileyo kwaye inceda ukuxhasa inkxaso ekhuselekileyo yemali evela kwiSebe leMibutho Leencwadi. Uvavanyo lwenkqubo lubonise inkqubela ebalulekileyo ekuthembeni abantu abakwimibutho ephakathi, kunye nabathathi-nxaxheba baxele ingxelo yesimo esikhuthazayo esisuka kwezinye izithethe. Iqela likwaxhasa iinyathelo ezisekelwe kumsebenzi kwimimandla yezodidi, liqonda ukuba abefundisi basoloko bethembekile kubantu abaselula abaswele imicimbi yezobupolitika.

Imfundo Esekelwe Kukholo Nolutsha

Imfundo ibiyiyona nto iphambili ekuququzelweni kwe-UUP kunye namaQela okholo. Eli qela belisoloko lingumkhuseli onamandla wezikolo ezilawulwa yicawa, ezinceda uninzi lwabafundi bamaProtestanti kunye namaKatolika eNorthern Ireland. Kodwa, phantsi kokhokelo lwangoku, i-UUP ikwayamanyanise imfundo njengendlela yokukhuthaza uxolelwaniso. Iqela laxhasa i-Integrated Education Act (Nyakatho Ireland) 2014 kwaye liye labiza inkxaso engakumbi yemali yemfundo yamaklasi ahlukeneyo. UUUP abameli beBhungane rhoqo neBhunga leKomishini yamaKatolika (CMS) kunye ne-Derreadertivery’s Council (eventie) ukukhuthaza inkqubela, iimfuno ezikhethekileyo zemfundo, kunye noqeqesho.

Iinkqubo zolutsha zenye inkalo yomanyano olusebenzayo. IUP ixhasa isikolo sasehlotyeni samalungu e-16 ukuya kwi-18 leminyaka, iqhuba intsebenziswano neCorrymeela Community yamaKristu elungelelanisayo. Abathathi-nxaxheba babandakanyeka kwiinkampani ezichaza izisombululo, imigaqo yokuziphatha engokweZibhalo, kunye nokuthathi-nxaxheba kwezezezentlalo-ntle. Kwakhona iqela likhuthaza inkqubo yeSikomshela-Mbutho weSizwe seSizwe sobuGaqo-Priti (Ukholo) kuluntu oluneminyaka eli-16 ukuya kweyi-18 ubudala, i-Rhouselselse isebenzisa iCawa yamaqela olutsha ukuba ityelele izikolo zonqulo lwamaKatolika ukuze zinqulwe kunye. Ezi zisenokubonakala zisemgangathotho oluncinane, kodwa zinegalelo kwimpucuko yokuhlonelana okudiba amahlelo okuchasana.

Impembelelo Kulwalamano Loluntu

Uhlolo olunesiphumo esinyusiweyo lomanyano lokholo luka-UUP luye lwaba luphuculo olunokufikeleleka kwimimandla ethile yoluntu. Uhlolisiso lwama-2021 olwenziwa yi-Northern Ireland Life kunye neTimes Survey lufumanise ukuba ama-67% ama-67% amabhunga athe aphendula kwi-UUP-a akholelwa ukuba ulwalamano phakathi kwamaProtestanti kunye namaKatolika lwalulungile okanye "lulungile" luye luye luye luye lwanceda ukuthembana nabantu abambalwa abahlala kwiindawo ezihlala kwiindawo ezincinane, abasoloko bebona ukholo njengebhulorho entlalonyeni.

Ngaphezu koko, ukuganana kuka-UUUP kuye kwanceda ukunciphisa ukubonakala kwamahlelo ngokwezobupolitika. Kunyulo lweNdibano lwama-2022, iqela lafumana amavoti kwiindawo ezininzi zamaKatolika kuMntla Down noMzantsi Belfast, utyekelo oluthi abahlalutyi balubonise ukuba lwaziwa ngokuba lukhulu ngomsebenzi wokunqamleza. Oku akuthethi ukuba i-UP iluye yaliphelisa ngokupheleleyo ilifa layo lamaProtestanti kwisithethe samamanyano, kodwa ivumela icebo lokuxhasa i-UP ukuba ibonise imbonakalo ebanzi. Iliqela elizimisele ukuqhuba inkonzo yonqulo ekhululekileyo kwaye igxeke intetho ejoliswe kumaSilam okanye kumaYuda akwakugxekwa likwako loluntu likwalomele ukuma kwawo phakathi kwebutho labantu.

Ucelomngeni: Ukungakhathalelwa Kwecawa, Ukungavisisani Neembono Zobuhlanga

Phezu kwayo nje le mpumelelo, i-UUP ijongene nocelomngeni olukhulu kumsebenzi wayo womanyano. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukungakhathalelwa kwebutho labantu basemntla-ntshona we-Irish. Ukuya ecaweni kuye kwancipha ngokuphawulekayo kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini edluleyo, ingakumbi phakathi kwabantu abaselula. Ingxelo ye-2023 ye-Northern Ireland Statistics kunye noPrecation Agency ifumanise ukuba ama-34% abantu abadala ngoku achaza ukuba "akukho nqulo," ukusuka kwi 17% ngo-2011. Oku kutyekelo kunciphisa impembelelo yokholo lweziko kwaye kunciphisa umvuzo wezopolitiko wonqulo oludibaniselwa u-Rhupevo. I-UP kufuneka ilungelelanise isiseko sawo kunye nomthetho okhulayo wobuzwe ngokubanziswanobuzwe ngokubanziswanobukho benkonzo obungabonwa njengeyo okanye ulwahlulwahlulwa-caluvo.

Olunye ucelomngeni kukuzingisa kwamahlelo, ingakumbi kwiindawo apho amaqela omkhosi ahlala esebenza khona. Ingxoxo ka-UUP nabefundisi bamaKatolika maxa wambi igxekwa ngabaququzeli abaqinileyo njengokunganyaniseki kweenjongo zamaProtestanti. Ngokuchasene noko, amanye amazwi obuKatolika kunye namazwe ajonge ukudibana kokholo luka-UUP njengendlela yokugcina umProtestanti oziphetheyo oziziziziinkozo zobubhilanisi. Ukungawa kwemilo ekwakheni okuthenjiweyo okungaguquguqukiyo neziphumo ezibonakalayo. Iqela likwazama ukudibanisa ngokunempumelelo imimandla emitsha yonqulo, njengabemi bamaSulumane abakhulayo eBelfast nabancinane kodwa abakhutheleyo. Ngoxa i-UPUP ibisoloko ikho phakathi nomkhosi we-Ramadan kunye neDilianer, ezi zihlala kwimibhiyo.

Ngokubhekele phaya, iUUP kufuneka ilawule iinguqu zangaphakathi zobuProtestanti. Amahlelo eevangeli kunye namarhamente, njenge-Free Presbyterian Church kunye neCongregational Union yase-Ireland, asoloko eneembono eziqhelekileyo ezingqubanayo neqela elikhululekileyo kwimicimbi enjenge LGBTQ+ amalungelo, ukuqhomfa, kunye norhwebo lwangeCawa. Inkxaso ye-UUP kumthetho omnye womtshato osukrulel-unyaka wama-2019, umzekelo, yagwetywa zezinye iinkokeli zevangeli, ibangela ukruthamo lolwalamano. Ukuzinga nalenqena ngaphandle kweminye icala kufunekenelo oluluvo lucoselekileyo, kwaye iqela maxa likhetha ukuchananisa ii-gcingth-eith kwimibuzo engoko yokuziphatha.

Ubandakanyeko Lwezobupolitika Oluthelekisayo

Ukuqonda indlela ka-UUP, kuluncedo ukuyithelekisa namanye amatheko asemntla we-Irish. I-Dup, esekelwe ngokwembali kwiCawa yamaPresbyterian ekhululekileyo, iye yathatha ulwamkelo olucacileyo lwevangeli, ukulwa ukuqhomfa kunye nomtshato ofanayo nomanyano olunamandla nabefundisi abangaguqukiyo. Noko ke, i-Dupu ithe kancinci ukubandakanyeka namaKatolika kunye namatheko angengawo angobuKristu, ijongene nomgangatho ophakathi wamaProtestanti. ISinn Féin, ngoxa ingekho semthethweni ixhasa iCawa yamaKatolika, ingakumbi kwimicimbi yentlalo-ntle nendlu yoluntu. I-Rriphane, ngokwahlukileyo, ukugxininisa kobuzwe kunye nobuzwe, ukukhuthaza ukwahlukana kwecawase cawase. I-UPUPlain i-up i-up i-octiveneans i-dians, kodwa ifuna ukudibana ngokungqongqo kwe-buP.

Oku kubeka indawo kunamancedo. Kuvumela i-UUP ukuba ibhenele kumalungu aphakathi angonwabanga nobuProtestanti bukaDup lo gama kwakhona ezama ukufikelela kumaKatolika nakwamanye amaqela okholo anokuthi ngenye indlela avote i-Alliance okanye i-SDLP. Kodwa, kwakhona kuthetha i-UUP ngamanye amaxesha iswele udidi olucacileyo lonqulo, ikwenza kube nzima ukuqokelela abavoti abasekelwe kukholo abakhetha ubuProtestanti obucacileyo okanye ulungelelwaniso lwamaKatolika. Iqela eli qela lifuna ukulwenza ukholo lwalo lwalo lwahlukane, kodwa kungenjalo njengelungelo lokubuyela emva kwicawa, kodwa njengesibopheso sokwenene sokuxolelana ngemilinganiselo yonqulo eyahlukeneyo.

Icala

Ijonge phambili, i-UUP inamathuba amaninzi okuqinisa umanyano lwayo namaSilamsi akhulayo. Enye into ekufuneka iyenze kukusebenza ngokuhambelana nabemi bamaSilamsi abakhulayo, ngoku abamalunga nekhulu elinamashumi amahlanu anesihlanu kuMntla Ireland. Eli qela linokuseka iQela leMicimbi yamaSilamsi elizinikeleyo leMicimbi yeMicimbi yeMicimbi ye-Ilm, elifana nelase-Labour Party eBrish eBritane, elinokumela bhetele amaSilamsi (indawo encinane kodwa ekhoyo). Enye indlela kukusebenza kunye namaqela asekelwe elukholo olusingqongileyo, njenge "Eco-Konbonbanuciothriary" kwimibazwe lemozulu encinane. I-UUPUP ikwanokuxhasa "Indawo Engcwele," imodelisetyenziswa eboss ezindaweni zokunqula iinkolo ezininzi, ngaloo nto ivela kwiming.

Iqela kufuneka lifake inxaxheba ekuqeqesheni amabhunga kunye nabaxhasi balo ekufundiseni iimfundiso zobudlelane, liqinisekisa ukuba ukuganana kuyahlonela kwaye kuyazi. Oku kuquka ukuqonda iikhalenda zombhiyozo zazo zonke iinkonzo ezinkulu ezimelwa eNorthern Ireland, kunye nokukhathalela iimfuno zokutya, iikhowudi zokunxiba, neeholide zonqulo. Ingqungquthela yonyaka ye-UP ingabonisa amacandelo okholo kunye nezopolitiko, imema izithethi eziphuma kwizithethe ezahlukeneyo. Ngaphandle koko, elo qela lingasebenzisa indima yalo kwiNdibano ye-Northern Ireland ukuxhasa isiseko sobugrafit ukwenzela ingxoxo eqinileyo, mhlawumbi nge "Unity Sclity Acts" egunyaza kuthethwa neentlanganiso zonqulo kwimithetho engundoqo.

Ekugqibeleni, iUUP kufuneka ivume ukuba ukuganana ngokholo akusiso ikhambi lolwahluko olunzulu lwasemntla Ireland. Isivumelwano sezobupolitika kwimibandela efana nemithetho elandelwayo, amalungelo eelwimi, kunye nelifa leengxaki sibalulekile. Kodwa ngokugcina ulwalamano oluzinzileyo, olunentlonelo, nolunentlonipho kunye nabantu bokholo, iUP inganceda ekumiseleni uhlobo lomanyano olunentembelo kubuntu balo ngoxa luvuleleke kwabanye. Kwibutho elandayo, indlela enjalo ayiyo nje imicimbi elungileyo yezobupolitika, kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu ekubonakaliseni isithethe sembali.

[ukuqhubeka ufunda ngendima yokholo kwezobupolitika zasemntla we-Irish, bona iBBB' uhlalutyo lonqulo kunye neenkalo zovota, kunye no-Ceding of Flubset's of Conflicted jost eFlefast