Table of Contents
Ukuqonda ubhaliso lwezibonelelo kunye nolawulo lolwazi
Ukubhalisa kwivoti yenye yezona zizathu zisisiseko kunye neembopheleleko kwibutho ledemokhrasi. Le nkqubo yenza abemi bafanelekele ukuba nenxaxheba kulawulo lwasekuhlaleni, urhulumente novoti, kuqinisekiswe ukuba amazwi abo aviwe ekukhetheni abameli nasekugqibeni kwemiba ebalulekileyo yenkqubo. Urhulumente ulawula ubhaliso oluvoti ngendlela entsonkothileyo elungiselelwe ukugcina ingqibelelo, ucoselelo, kunye nokhuseleko lwenkqubo yokunyulwa ngexesha akhusela ulwazi lobuqu lwezigidi zabavoti ababhaliswe ngokusemthethweni.
Ukuqonda indlela ulwazi lwakho lobuqu oluqokelelwa ngayo, olugcinweyo, nolusetyenziswayo ngexesha lobhaliso lungakunceda uzive uqinisekile ngakumbi ngokuthabatha inxaxheba kunyulo. Olu khokelo lubanzi luhlola zonke iinkalo zokubhaliswa kovoti, ukusuka kwinkqubo yokuqala yesicelo ukuya kulawulo lwexesha elide logcino-lwazi lwakho, lunika ingqiqo ngendlela abameli bakarhulumente abawusingatha ngayo omnye wemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu yedemokhrasi.
Ukucaciswa Kwenkqubo Yobhaliso Lweziko Leencwadi
Xa ubhalisa ukuba uvote, ungena kulwazi lwakho kwinkqubo elawulwa kakuhle efeza iinjongo ezininzi. Inkqubo yokubhalisa iqala ngokuqokelela iinkcukacha zobuqu eziqinisekisa ukuba ukulungele ukuvota kwaye uqinisekise ukuba wabelwe kwisithili sokuvota esichanekileyo. Eli nyathelo lesiseko libalulekile ekugcineni umqulu ochanileyo nokukhusela ubuqhophololo ngexesha uqinisekisa ukuba ummi ngamnye ofanelekileyo angasebenzisa ilungelo lakhe lokuvota.
Iinkcukacha eziqokelelwe ngexesha lobhaliso
Isicelo sobhaliso sifuna izijungqu ezininzi zenkcazelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ungumntu okanye unyanisekile. [[FLT: 0] igama lakho elipheleleyo elisemthethweni lingumchongi ongundoqo osetyenziswayo kuyo yonke inkqubo yonyulo. [] idilesi yakho yokuzalwa [[[FLT:]] iqinisekisa ukuba udibana nemfuno yobudala bakho, eyiminyaka eli-18 yokuvota, neyakho ibholati uzakwamkela, kuquka intlalo-ntle nemilinganiselo yengi enxulumene noluntu lwakho.
Ukongezelela, kufuneka unike ulwazi oluqinisekisa ubume bobufundisi bakho , njengoko ukuvota kuthintelwe kubemi bombutho wezwelonke. Amazwe amaninzi afuna irente yelayisensi [ yelayisensi okanye idigisi yokugqibela yemivo yakho inombolo yokhuseleko [[FTLT:5] lokwazisa iinjongo. Amanye amaqela angacela ulwazi olongezelelweyo njengedilesi yakho yokuposa ukuba iyahluka kwidilesi yakho yokuhlala, eyangaphambili ukuba uthunywe, okanye iqela lakho elikwindawo elikhoyo kwiinkqubo ezivaliweyo.
Iindlela zobhaliso
Ubhaliso lwangoku lovoti lunika iindlela ezininzi ezifanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufikelelo kubo bonke abemi abafanelekileyo. kubhaliso olukwilayini luye lwanda kakhulu kwaye ngoku lukhona kuninzi lwamazwe. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba ugqibe ubhaliso lwakho ekhaya usebenzisa ikhompyutha okanye isixhobo seselula, okufuna ukuba ube nelayisense esemthethweni okanye ikhadi lokwalatha. Inkqubo ye Internet ingaqinisekisa ngokukhawuleza ulwazi lwakho nxamnye nogcino-lwazi lwemeko, yenza inkqubo isebenze ngokukhawuleza nangakumbi.
Ubhaliso lweposi luhlala luyinto esetyenziswa kakhulu, ingakumbi kwabo bakhetha iifomu zephepha okanye ukunqongophala kwe-Intanethi. Ungafumana iNational Mail Voter progionation Form okanye uhlobo lwe-stative, uyigqibe ngesandla, kwaye uyithumele kwiofisi yonyulo yobulali. Le ndlela ifuna ixesha elininzi lokulungisa, njengoko amagosa onyulo kufuneka angenise ulwazi lwakho ngokusemthethweni kwisiseko sobhaliso sovoti kwaye aqinisekise ukufaneleka kwakho ngovavanyo olwahlukeneyo.
Ubhaliso olukwindawo-jiko---enye--eyaziwa njenge "Umthetho weVota:1] ukhona kwiindawo ezimiselweyo ezinjengee-ofisi zonyulo, iSebe lee-mor Vehicles (DMV) ii-ofisi, amasebe oncedo lukawonke-wonke, kunye nee-droyipi zobhaliso loluntu. Umthetho we-National Voter Brigister ozakusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo, ufuna ukuba kunikwe amalungelo okuvota xa abemi befaka okanye behlaziya imvume yokuqhuba imoto. Kwi-person ivumela ufumane uncedo olukhawulezileyo kubasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo abanokuphendula imibuzo nabaqinisekisa ukuba isicelo sakho sigqityiwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Amanye amaphondo aphumeze ubhaliso lwemini enye olubizwa ngokuba lubhaliso loMhla woNqumo, oluvumela abemi abafanelekileyo ukuba babhalise kwaye bavote ngosuku olunye. Oku kukhetha kwandisa umvoti ngokususa umqobo wexesha lokubhalisa, nangona kufuneka iinkqubo zokomelela okuqinileyo ukugcina ukhuseleko lonyulo.
Iimfuneko Zobhaliso Ezifileyo
Urhulumente ngamnye umisela ixesha elipheleleyo lombhaliso, elisuka kwientsuku ezi-15 ukuya kwezingama-30 ngaphambi konyulo. Le mihla ivumela amagosa onyulo ukuba asebenzise ixesha elaneleyo lokulungiselela izicelo, aqinisekise ukuba lungagqibeki, ahlaziye umqulu wovoti, kwaye alungiselele iincwadi zokhetho ezichanekileyo zoSuku Lokhetho. Ukungalufumani ixesha lokubhalisa kuthetha ukuba awuzukwazi ukuvota kolo nyulo luthile, nangona la mazwe anokubhalisa kanye enika ululuvo olunoluvotelwayo.
Imfuno ezinokwenzeka ziyaguquguquka jikelele kumazwe kodwa zinokuba nomahluko othile. Ukubhalisa ukuba uvote, kufuneka ube ngu-U., ufikeleleka kwimfuno zesizwe sakho [ zokongamela [ (ezithi zahluka kodwa zifuneke ukuba uphile kwixesha elithile), kwaye zibe ubuncinane iminyaka eli-18 ubudala [ ngoSuku lokhetho. Amanye amaxwebhu avumela i 17-nyaka-okrwenzi ukuba zibhaliswe ngonyulo oluqhelekileyo. Amagunya okuvota abantu athelela amalungelo okuvota abantu ngeenxa zonke.
Indlela Ingxamiseko karhulumente Elusingatha Ngayo Ugcino-lwazi Lwakho Lwezothutho
Xa uthe wafaka isicelo sakho sokubhalisa, ulwazi lwakho lungena kwinkqubo entsonkothileyo yolawulo logcino-lwazi esetyenziswa ngurhulumente namagosa onyulo asekuhlaleni. Ukuqonda indlela aba bameli abaluphatha ngayo ugcino-lwazi lwakho kungakunika isiqinisekiso ngokhuseleko nokusetyenziswa kakuhle kwenkcazelo yakho yobuqu.
Ugcino lwesiseko sogcino-lwazi kunye nokhuseleko
Ulwazi lobhaliso lugcinwe kwiisiseko sobhaliso lwevoti ngokubanzi [[FLT: 1], ezisebenza njengemvelaphi enegunya yolwazi lovoti kwilizwe ngalinye. Ezi database zigcinwa ngamagosa onyulo karhulumente, ngokwesiqhelo nguNobhala weofisi kaRhulumente okanye ibhodi yonyulo karhulumente, kwaye zenziwe ngemida emininzi yokhuseleko ukukhusela ekufikeleleni okungagunyaziswanga, ugcino-lwazi oluchaphazelekayo, kunye nokuhlasela kwe-webhsayithi.
Iindlela zokuvota zangoku zomvoti zisebenzisa [[FLT: 0] ubugcisa bokufihla ikhowudi ukukhusela ugcino-lwazi kuhambo naxa uphumlile. Xa unikezela ubhaliso lwakho kwi Internet, ulwazi lufihliwe phambi kodluliselo, ukwenza ukuba lungafundeki kuye nabani na ongayinqanda. Xa igcinwe kwisiseko sedata, ulwazi lwakho luhlala lufihliwe, kufuna abasebenzisi abagunyazisiweyo ukuba babe nesiqinisekiso kunye nesitshixo sokufikelela kuso.
Iinkonzo ze-'FLT' ezisetyenziswayo'. iidatabase zokufumana indawo yobhaliso lwevoti zifumaneka kumaziko akhuselweyo anemiqathango ethintelweyo yokufikelela ngokoqobo, iinkqubo zokuxhasa ugcino-lwazi olutsha ukukhusela ukulahleka kwe-hardware okanye iintlekele zemvelo. Amazwe amaninzi afake imali eninzi kwisiseko sokhuseleko lwekhompyutha ngokulandela imibandela yonyulo, ukukhupha izikhuseli zomlilo, ukuphazamisa iinkqubo zokufumana, kunye nee-akhawunti ezithe rhoqo zokhuseleko ukuchaza kunye nedilesi.
Ukufikelela kwisiseko sogcino-lwazi sobhaliso lomvoti kulawulwa ngokungqongqo ngako iimvume ezisekelwe kwi-', ithetha ukuba ngabasebenzi abagunyaziweyo kuphela abanemfuno esemthethweni yokuvota okanye yokuguqula ulwazi. Abaphathi bokhetho, abasebenzi bokhetho, abavoti, kunye nabanye abasebenzisi abagunyaziweyo kufuneka bafumane uhlolo lwesiqalo kunye noqeqesho phambi kokuba bafumane iisiqinisekiso sokufikelela. Konke ukufikelela kogcino-lwazi kuvinggetyelwe kwaye kujongwe, ukwenza umzila wophicotho olunokuphindaphindwa ukufumanisa na olungagunyaziswanga okanye umsebenzi okrokrelekileyo.
Uqinisekiso kunye nogcino-lwazi lwenkqubela
Emva kokufumana isicelo sakho sokubhalisa, amagosa onyulo aqhuba amanyathelo aliqela okuqinisekisa ukuba uyafaneleka kwaye aqinisekise ukuchana kolwazi lwakho. Ezi nkqubo zinceda ukugcina ingqibelelo yeeroli zabavoti kwaye zithintele abantu abangabhaliswanga xa kuqinisekisa ukuba abemi abafanelekileyo banokuwasebenzisa amalungelo abo okuvota.
Uqinisekiso lubandakanya ukubuyisela ulwazi olunikezelweyo nolunye ugcino-lwazi lukarhulumente. Ukuba unika inombolo yephepha-mvume lomqhubi, amagosa onyulo aza kuyiqinisekisa nxamnye neengxelo zakho zokuqinisekisa ukuba ungumntu ozifumanayo kunye nedilesi. Ukuba unike ulwazi lweNtlalo, lungaqinisekiswa kwisiseko sogcino-lwazi lwezokhuseleko lweNtlalo. Olu vavanyo luzenzekelayo lungagqitywa ngokukhawuleza, ukuvumela ukwenziwa ngokukhawuleza kobhaliso lwe-intanethi.
Uqinisekiso lwe nkonzo luyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yobhaliso, nangona iindlela ezisetyenziswayo zahluka-hlukeneyo ngurhulumente. Amanye amazwe aqinisekisa ubumi ngeengxelo zelayisensi zomqhubi, njengokufumana ilayisensi yomqhubi kufuna ubungqina bobukho obusemthethweni eUnited States. Ezinye iindlela zokomeleza zingaquka ukuvavanya iingxelo zendalo zabemi abaqhelekileyo okanye ukusebenzisa ezinye iisiseko solawulo zikarhulumente ezinenkcazelo yobumi.
Uqinisekiso [ luqinisekisa ukuba ubhalisile kwisithili sovota esichanekileyo nakummandla. Amagosa okhetho asebenzisa i-software yedilesi yolungiso ukulungisa iimpazamo ezincinci nokuqinisekisa ukungaguquguquki kwindlela iidilesi ezibhalwe ngayo. Kwakhona ahlola ukuba idilesi oyinikeyo yidilesi yokuhlala esemthethweni kwigunya lawo, njenge P.O. iibhokisi zimele zisetyenziswe njengedilesi yokuqala yobhaliso.
Amagosa okhetho akwanenxaxheba kwiinkqubo zogcino-lwazi lwentlalo ezabelana noomatiloshe belizwe ukuchonga abavoti abanokubhaliswa kwiimeko ezininzi. Le nto inceda ukuba bagcine uluhlu oluchanekileyo lwevoti olusetyenziswa ngamazwe amaninzi ukwabelana nge-data yobhaliso oluvoti kunye nokuchonga ubhaliso oluphindaphindiweyo, abavoti abathuthe phakathi kwamazwe, nabantu abafileyo abanokususwa kwivoti evoti.
Ugcino lwerola ye Voter
Ukugcina iiroli ezichanekileyo neziya kumhla wokuvota ngumthwalo oqhubekayo wamagosa onyulo. Iisiseko sobhaliso lobhaliso kufuneka zihlaziywe rhoqo ukuze zibonise utshintsho kwiimeko zabavoti, olufana notshintsho lwedilesi, igama, okanye ukufa. Olu lungiso lubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba izinto zonyulo zifikelela abavoti abachanekileyo kwaye iindawo zokuvota zinolwazi oluchanileyo ngoSuku Lokhetho.
Imisebenzi yogcino-lwazi olucwangcisiweyo iquka utshintsho loqhubekeko-phambili lwedilesi olungeniswe ngabavoti, ukuhlaziya iirekhodi ezisekelwe kulwazi olufunyenwe kwi-Postal Service National Change of Dilesi (NCOA)], kunye nokususa i-volution efileyo esekelwe kwiingxelo ezisekelwe kwiirekhodi zenani lamanani abalulekileyo karhulumente. Amagosa okhetho kufuneka alinganisele imfuneko yokugcina uluhlu oluchanekileyo kunye nemfuneko yokunqanda ngokungafanelekanga ukususa iprojectus.
Umthetho weNational Voter Religiod Act umisela iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo ezimele zilandelwe xa kususwa abavoti kuluhlu lokubhalisela. Ezi nkqubo ziquka ukuthumela isaziso kubavoti abanokubhalisa okuphelelwe lixesha kunye nokunika amathuba abo abavoti ukuqinisekisa okanye ukuhlaziya ulwazi lwabo ngaphambi kokususwa. Ezo zwelonke azinako ukususa abavoti nje kuphela ngenxa yokungavoti kunyulo lwakutshanje, nangona benako ukuqalisa inkqubo yokuqinisekisa abavoti abangenayo inxaxheba kumjikelezo wonyulo oluninzi.
Ukhuseleko lwemfihlo kunye neMibutho yeFrame engokwasemthethweni
Ulwazi lwakho lokuvota lukhuselwe yimithetho entsonkothileyo karhulumente norhulumente elungiselelwe ukulungelelanisa ukubonakala kwembonakalo kwinkqubo yokhetho namalungelo omntu ngamnye. Ukuqonda ezi zinto zokukhusela kunokukunceda wazi ukuba yiyiphi inkcazelo egcinwa iyimfihlo kwaye yintoni enokufumaneka ekuhleni.
Imithetho yobumfihlo
Imithetho emininzi yesizwe ilawula indlela ulwazi lobhaliso lovoti olunokuqokelelwa, lusetyenziswe, lutyhilwe. Umthetho weNational Voter Regatorial Act ka 1993 umisela iimfuno zobhaliso lovoti kunyulo lwequlu-mali kwaye uquke imimiselo ekhusela ulwazi oluyimfihlo lombhalisi. Ichaza ukuba ulwazi oluqokelelwe ngezicelo zobhaptizo lungasetyenziswa kuphela kwiinjongo zobhaliso, ulawulo lonyulo, kunye nokhetho lwejaji, kunye neenketho olulinganiselweyo.
Uncedo Merika Vote Act ka 2002 [HOVA] () ifuna iimeko ukuzalisekisa ugcino-lwazi lovoti ngokubanzi kunye nokuseka ukhuseleko kunye nemigangatho yasese yezi nkqubo. I-HAVA igunyazisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwazi lombhali wovoti lungaqinisekiswa kwaye uzalisekisa izithintelo zokuthintela ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga. Umthetho ukwafuna ukuba kunikezelwe abavoti ngokufikelela kulwazi lwabo lokubhalisa kunye nenkqubo yokulungisa iimpazamo.
Umthetho we-Privitacy ka- 1974 usebenza kumaqumrhu karhulumente kwaye umisela imigaqo yokuqokelela, yokugcina, yokusebenzisa, nokusasaza ulwazi lobuqu. Ngoxa lo mthetho ngokuyintloko ulawula amaqumrhu karhulumente kunokuba unyulo lukarhulumente, uphembelela imigangatho yezobuqu kunye noqheliselo olungcono kulo lonke urhulumente, kuquka ulawulo lonyulo.
Imithetho yezobucala nemithetho yesizwe
Urhulumente ngamnye unemithetho yakhe kunye nemithetho elawula ukhuseleko lovoti, yenza umahluko kwindlela ulwazi olukhuselwe ngayo nendlela ulwazi olunokufumaneka ngayo ekuhleni. Amanye amazwe anikela ukhuseleko olunamandla lwasese, athintela ukufikelela kulwazi lovoti kwaye athintele ukusetyenziswa kwalo, ngoxa amanye enemithetho evumela ufikelelo olubanzi kugcino-lwazi lomvoti.
Uninzi lwamazwe lubala ulwazi lobhaliso lovoti njenge luzifihlile, okuthetha ukuba ayinako ukutyhilwa kuluntu ngokubanzi. Ulwazi olukhuselweyo luquka inombolo yelayisense yokuqhuba imoto, inani lokhuseleko loluntu, inombolo yefowuni, nedilesi ye-imeyili. Amanye amaphondo akhusela umhla wakho wokuzalwa okanye avumele umvoti ukuba acele imfihlelo ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko, njengamaxhoba ogonyamelo lwasekhaya okanye abantu ngabanye kwiinkqubo zokukhusela.
Olunye ulwazi lobhaliso luthathwa njengesiqhelo ushicilelo lukawonke-wonke kwaye lungafumaneka xa ucela. Oku kusoloko kubandakanya igama lakho, idilesi, umhla wokubhalisa, idityaniselwano yeqela (ngokwemeko ukuthi ibhalisa abavoti ngeqela), kunye nokuvota imbali (oko uvotelwa khona, kodwa hayi indlela owuvota ngayo). Isizathu sokwenza olu lwazi luluntu kukuqinisekisa ukuba ucace kwinkqubo yokhetho lokhetho nokuvumela ulawulo lukawonke-wonke-wonke.
Ngubani onokufumana ulwazi lwevoter lobhaliso
Ukufumana ulwazi lobhaliso lovoti kuyahluka kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lolwazi nenjongo olucelelwa lona. amagosa okhetho anokufikelela okubanzi, njengoko befuna ulwazi olubanzi lovotiyo ukuphatha unyulo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba kunokwenzeka kovoti, kwaye bagcine iiroli ezichanekileyo. Abasebenzi bafumana unikezelo olulinganiselweyo kulwazi olufunekayo kwivoti ekuhloleni i-vocio kuSuku lokhetho.
Amaphulo angokwesithethe namaqela angafumana uluhlu lomvoti oluqulethe ulwazi olukhoyo. Olu luhlu lusetyenziselwa ukukhupha iphulo, ukudibana novoti, nokukhupha imigudu. Ama- States alawula indlela ezi zintlupheko ezinokusetyenziswa ngayo, ngokothe jikelele ukunqanda ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwinjongo zentengiso ezingavumelani nonyulo okanye umsebenzi wezobupolitika.
Abaphandi nentatheli bangafumana ubhaliso lwedata yevoti ukuze bahlalutye, banike ingxelo, kunye nezifundo zemfundo. Oku kufikelela kuxhasa ukuba mhlophe kwaye kuvumela uqinisekiso oluzimeleyo lolawulo lonyulo. Noko ke, abaphandi kufuneka bavume ukusebenzisa imiqathango kwaye bangalufumani olona lwazi luchuku.
Izinto ezikhoyo zorhwebo ngokubanzi zinonikezelo olulinganiselweyo kulwazi lobhaliso lovoti. Ngelixesha amanye amazwe evumela unikezelo lorhwebo kuluhlu lomvoti, amanye alinganisela unikezelo kwiinjongo zezobupolitika nezorhulumente kuphela. Naxa ufikelelo lorhwebo luvumelekile, eyona nkcazelo inobuntamo ikhutshwa ngaphandle, kwaye abasebenzisi bezorhwebo bangajongana nemiqathango kwindlela abanokusebenzisa ngayo ugcino-lwazi.
Abavoti ngabanye bangafumana ulwazi lwabo lobhaliso ngemivhoti ye-intanethi, ngokuqhagamshelana neofisi yabo yonyulo yasekuhlaleni, okanye ngeewebhsayithi zonyulo ezisemthethweni. Oku kuvumela ukuba uqinisekise ukuba ulwazi lwakho luchanile kwaye lufike ngexesha, khangela ubume bobhaliso lwakho, kwaye wenze izilungiso ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Indlela Esetyenziswa Ngayo Ulwazi Lwezinto Ozithandayo
Ukuqonda iinjongo ezithile apho ulwazi lwakho lombhali lusetyenziswa khona kunganika ukucaca malunga nesizathu sokuba le data iqokelelwe nendlela exhasa ngayo inkqubo yonyulo. Ukusetyenziswa kolwazi lomvoti kusoloko kuthintelwe kwiinjongo ezinxulumene nonyulo kunye neminye imisebenzi ethile karhulumente.
Ulawulo lokhetho kunye nolwamkelo
Injongo eyintloko yolwazi lokuvota kukukwenza ube nenxaxheba kunyulo. Xa ufika kwindawo yakho yokuvota ngoSuku loNnyulo okanye ucela umvoti ongekhoyo, amagosa onyulo asebenzisa ulwazi lwakho lokubhalisa kwi uqinisekise ulwazi lwakho[ kwaye aqinisekise ukuba ufanele ukuvota kolo nyulo luthile. Abasebenzi bakhangela igama lakho ngokuchasene nencwadi yokhetho, equlethe ulwazi malunga novoti ababhalisweyo ababelwe kulo mmandla.
Ulwazi lwakho lokubhalisa lumisela oluthi ulufumane , kuquka amanyathelo athile anxulumene nedilesi yakho. Unyulo lusoloko luquka urhulumente, ummandla, ingingqi, umasipala, kunye nedilesi yakho echanileyo yengingqi, kwaye inyani yakho igqiba ukuba luluphi udibano lwale ntlanganiso oluvela kwivoloti yakho. Ulwazi lokubhalisa oluchanekileyo luqinisekisa ukuba ungavota kuzo zonke izizwana ezifanelekileyo.
Ku i-avsee kunye noshicilelo lweposi , ulwazi lwakho lokubhalisa lusetyenziselwa ukuthumela iibhola kwidilesi elungileyo nokuqinisekisa ubukho bakho xa ibhola yakho ibuyisiwe. Abaphathi bokhetho bathelekisa utyikityo kwimvulophu yakho yebhola notyikityo kwifayile kwisicelo sakho sokubhalisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ibhola yovoti yagqitywa ngumvoti obhalisiweyo.
Unxibelelwano lwezibonelelo nemfundo
Amagosa okhetho asebenzisa ulwazi lobhaliso lovoti ku [FLT: 0] ulwazi olubalulekileyo olunxulumene nonyulo kuvoti ababhalisiweyo. Oku kungaquka izaziso malunga nonyulo oluzayo, ulwazi olumalunga nendawo neendawo zonyulo, iinkcukacha malunga neemfuno zomvoti, kunye nemiyalelo yokucela utshintsho olungekhoyo kwindawo oya kuyo, amagosa onyulo azakusebenzisa idilesi yakho yobhaliso ukwazisa ngengiswa yendawo entsha.
Ulawulo oluninzi ngoku lunika [[FLT: 0] iposi kunye nomyalezo wombhalo wesazisi kubavoti abanika olu lwazi ngexesha lokubhaliswa. Olu nxibelelwano lungaquka izikhumbuzo malunga nexesha lokubhalisa, isiqinisekiso sokuba ibhola yakho engekhoyo yafunyanwa yaza yabala, kunye nezilumkiso malunga nayo nayiphi na imibandela ngokubhalisa kwakho ekufuneka isombululwe.
Ulwazi lokubhalisa lukwaxhasa imigudu yemfundo , ukunceda amagosa onyulo achaze iindawo apho ungenelelo olongezelelweyo okanye uncedo lolwimi lusenokufuneka. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abavoti abafanelekileyo bafumana ulwazi abalufunayo ukuze bathathe inxaxheba ngokunempumelelo kunyulo.
Uhlalutyo loKhetho kunye nokuBeka ingxelo
Isusiwe kwaye ivoti yobhaliso engaziwayo isetyenziswa kuhlalutyo lokhetho kunye nokunika ingxelo . Oku kuquka ukuhlalutya amaqondo ovota, utyekelo lokwanda kobhaliso kunye nokungenelela kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokubhalisa. Olu hlalutyo lunceda amagosa onyulo aphucula iinkqubo zawo, aqonde imiqobo yokubhalisa nokuvota, kunye noovimba ababekelwe ngokunempumelelo.
Abaphandi, intatheli, nemibutho yogunyaziso isebenzisa inkcazelo ebhaliswayo evotiweyo ukuze ifunde inxaxheba kunyulo, ivavanye impembelelo yemithetho nemigaqo-nkqubo yonyulo, kwaye ichaze ukwahluka kobhaliso nokujika phakathi kwamaqela ahlukeneyo abemi. Olu phando lufak' isandla ekuqondeni ekuchongeni inkqubo yonyulo kwaye lwazise iinkqubo zengxoxo ezimalunga nolawulo lonyulo.
Imbali yakho echazayo `ingxelo obenenxaxheba kuyo, nangona ungeyondlela ovote ngayo/eyinxenye yengxelo kawonke-wonke kumaphondo amaninzi. Olu lwazi lusetyenziswa ukuhlalutya iipakethi, chaza abavoti ekuphumezeni, kunye nokufunda ukubhaliswa kweso sizwe. Ukufihla ibhola yakho kusoloko kukhuselwa; kuphela inxaxheba yakho kunyulo, hayi ukhetho lwakho, kubhaliwe.
Ukhetho
Enye yezona misebenzi ziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswayo kulwazi lobhaliso lwevoti lukukhetho lwe-. Iinkundla zisebenzisa uluhlu lobhaliso lwevoti, zisoloko zidityaniswe nezinye imithombo ezifana neengxelo zephepha-mvume lomqhubi, ukwenza amaqula anokuba ngabalawuli. Oku kusetyenziswa kuvunyelwe ngokucacileyo ngumthetho wesizwe kwaye kuthathwa njengomsebenzi obalulekileyo wequmrhu elixhasa inkqubo yezomthetho.
Ukusetyenziswa koluhlu lokubhalisa lomvoti lokukhetha abachopheli-tyala kuye kwaphikiswa, njengoko abanye bephikisa ngokuthi kungakuthinteli ukubhaliswa kwabantu abanqwenela ukuphepha umsebenzi wejaji. Noko ke, uninzi lwamazwe ngoku lusebenzisa imithombo emininzi kumaqula abachopheli-tyala, kunciphisa amathuba okuba ukubhalisa kuzakuwandisa ngokuphawulekayo amathuba akho okubizelwa kwinkonzo yabachopheli-tyala.
Usebenziso Olubiweyo
Imithetho elawulayo neyaserhulumente ithintela ukusetyenziswa okuthile kobhaliso lovoti ukukhusela ukubucala bovoti nokusetyenziswa kakubi. izicelo ze-Commercialiation ezingadibaniyo nonyulo okanye umsebenzi wezopolitiko ngokuqhelekileyo ayavunyelwa. Iinkampani azinakufumana uluhlu olusemthethweni lwevoti kwimveliso okanye kwiinkonzo zentengiso, nangona ukugcinwa kwezi miqathango kungafani.
Ulwazi lokubhalisa alunakusetyenziswa kwiinjongo zokwaphula umthetho okanye ukoyikisa abavoti. Ukusebenzisa idata yomvoti ukuba abahlasele abantu ngenxa yokukhathazwa okanye ukudimaza ukuvota akuvumelekanga kwaye kungaphumela kwisohlwayo solwaphulo-mthetho. Amagosa okhetho kunye nabameli bomthetho bathatha olo lwaphulo-mthetho nzulu, njengoko bethoba ilungelo elisisiseko lokuvota.
Inani lakho Lokhuseleko lokhuseleko lomntu ohambayo, inani lelayisense, kunye nezinye izinto eziluncedo eziqokelelwayo eziqokelelwe ngexesha lokubhaliswa zikhuseleke ngokukhethekileyo ekufunyanisweni kwaye azinakuqukwa kuluhlu lomvoti okhoyo. Ezi zimchongi zisetyenziswa kuphela kwiinjongo zoqinisekiso kwaye zigcinwa ziyimfihlo.
Ukhuseleko nogcino-lwazi lwe Voter
Kule mihla yokwanda kwemingcipheko yekhompyutha, ukukhusela isiseko sobhaliso kungenelo olungekho mthethweni, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo kunye nokuchaphazeleka kogcino-lwazi kuye kwaba yinto ephambili kumagosa onyulo. Ukuqonda amanyathelo okhuseleko endaweni yawo kunganika intembelo kwindlela yokubhalisa eqinileyo.
Izisongelo kwiinkqubo zobhaliso lwezibonelelo
Ii-database zobhaliso zeVoter zijongene nezisongelo ezininzi ze-inthanethi, eziquka imigudu yotshaba lwamanye amazwe, imibutho yolwaphulo-mthetho, okanye abantu abanobungozi abafuna ukufikelela okanye basebenzise i-data yomvoti. Olo hlaselo lungaguqula ulwazi lombhalisi, lucime iingxelo zomvoti, okanye lweba ulwazi lobuqu ngenxa yokuba okanye ezinye iinjongo zolwaphulo-mthetho.
Izixhobo zokuhlasela ze-Ransware zizisa isisongelo esibalulekileyo kwiziseko zonyulo, ezinokuguqula iidatabase zobhaliso lovoti kwaye zifune ukuhlawulwa ukuze zikhululwe. Ezi zenzo zingaphazamisa ulawulo lonyulo kwaye zithintele amagosa ekufumaneni ulwazi olubalulekileyo lomvoti ngexesha lonyulo.
izisongelo ze-Internet ezivela kubantu abagunyazisiweyo ekungeneni kwiinkqubo zobhaliso lovoti zimele enye inkxalabo. Abangenisi bobugxwayiba bangasebenzisa kakubi ukufikelela kwabo ekuguquleni iirekhodi, ekubeni i-data, okanye ekuphazamiseni iinkqubo. Lo mngcipheko uncitshiswe ngokuhlola okungasemva, ulawulo lokungena, ukugada, nokuhlola inkqubo yokusebenza.
[[FLT: 0] Ukuhlasela kwengingqi kunye nobunjineli bentlalo amagosa onyulo kunye nabasebenzi, bezama ukubakhohlisa ukuba batyhile iisiqinisekiso zokungena okanye bafake ii-more ezinokuthi zinikezele kwinkqubo yokubhalisa. Uqeqesho kunye neenkqubo zolwazi zinceda abasebenzi bonyulo ukuba baziqonde baze baziphephe ezi zisongelo.
Amanyathelo Okhuseleko Nezenzo Ezisemgangathweni
Amagosa okhetho azalisekisa ugcino-lwazi oluninzi lokhuseleko ukukhusela iinkqubo zobhaliso lovoti. ulwahlulo lonxibelelwano lwendawo yonxibelelwano akhetha ugcino-lwazi lovota olusuka kwezinye iinkqubo nakwi-intanethi, enqumla iivekta ezinokwenzeka zokuhlasela. Amazwana amaninzi agcina iinkqubo zobhaliso lovoti kwii-nethwekhi ezahlukeneyo ezingadityaniswanga ngqo kwi-intanethi, ifuna abasebenzisi abagunyazisiweyo ukuba bangene kuzo ngonxulumano olukhuselekileyo, olulawulwayo.
Uqinisekiso lwe Mult-factor lufuna abasebenzisi ukuba banikezele iindlela ezininzi zoqinisekiso phambi kokufumana iinkqubo zobhaliso, njengegama eligqithisiweyo kunye nekhowudi ethunyelwe kwisixhobo esihambayo okanye kumqondiso wokhuseleko oluphathekayo. Oku kunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokufikelela okungagunyaziswanga nokuba amagama agqithisiweyo avavanyiwe.
Uphicotho-zincwadi lokhuseleko oluzingisileyo kunye novavanyo lokungena lunceda ekuboneni ubuchule obukwinkqubo yobhaliso lwabavoti phambi kokuba baxhatshazwe ngabahlaseli. Iingcali zokhuseleko oluzimeleyo zizama ukuqhekeza iinkqubo ezifanayo ezisetyenziswa ngabadlali abanobuqhinga, zivumela amagosa onyulo ukuba afumane aze alungise ubuthathaka.
Isihlo esiqhubekayo kunye neenkqubo zokufumana eziphazamisayo jonga umsebenzi okrokrelekayo kwiinethwekhi zobhaliso, ukulumkisa abasebenzi bokhuseleko kwiintlaselo ezinokwenzeka ngexesha lokwenene. Ezi nkqubo zingabona imilinganiselo engaqhelekanga yokufikelela, imigudu yokungena engagunyaziswanga, okanye ezinye izalathiso zokulalanisa.
[[FLT: 0] Ugcino-lwazi logcino-lwazi kunye neenkqubo zolungiso ziqinisekisa ukuba ulwazi lobhaliso lungabuyiselwa ukuba iinkqubo zivavanyiwe okanye zonakele. Ugcino oluthe rhoqo lugcinwa ngokukhuselekileyo kwiindawo ezininzi, ukuvumela amagosa onyulo afumane kwakhona ngokukhawuleza kwimiqathango yentlawulelo, ukungaphumeleli kwe-hardware, okanye iintlekele zendalo.
Inkxaso yomanyano yokhuseleko lokhetho
Urhulumente wezwe unika inkxaso ebalulekileyo kurhulumente nakumagosa onyulo lwasekuhlaleni ukukhusela iinkqubo zobhaliso lovoti nezibonelelo zonyulo. Isebe loKhuseleko lwasekhaya olutyunjwe njengezibonelelo zonyulo ezicetyiweyo zoknakeleyo ngo-2017, iyenza ifanelekele ukunyusela inkxaso kunye nobuncwane bekhompyutha.
I-Cybersecurity kunye ne-Infrastrual Security Agency (CISISA) inika uhlolo lweze-computer, uqeqesho, kunye noncedo lobugcisa kumagosa onyulo. I-CISA ikwasebenza iziko lokhuseleko elingu-24/7 elijonge izisongelo zonyuselo kwaye linika izilumkiso zexesha lokwenene kunye nokhokelo kurhulumente kunye namagosa asekuhlaleni.
Imali encediswayo ngeenkqubo ezifana Uncedo lwaseMelika Vote Act (HAVA) inika ulawulo lwelizwe olunezinto eziza kunyusa iinkqubo zobhaliso lovoti, ukuzalisekisa amanyathelo okhuseleko anyusiweyo, kwaye ukuphucula uqeqesho lwezentelekelelo kunonophele kakhulu ukuvota izibonelelo ezingundoqo kulo lonke ilizwe.
IKhomishini yoNcedo yoLuhlu iphuhlisa imigaqo yokuzithandela kunye noqheliselo olulunge ngakumbi kulawulo lonyulo, kuquka imilinganiselo yokhuseleko kwiinkqubo zobhaliso lovoti. Nangona ezi zikhokelo zinganyanzelekanga, zinika isakhiwo esisetyenziswa luninzi ekuphuculeni ukuma kwabo kokhuseleko.
Amalungelo neembopheleleko zakho njengoMkhosi obhalisweyo
Njengomvoti obhalisiweyo, unawo omabini amalungelo akhusela amandla akho okuba nenxaxheba kunyulo nakuxanduva lokulondoloza ulwazi oluchanileyo lokubhalisa. Ukuqonda la malungelo neembopheleleko kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyakwazi ukusebenzisa amalungelo akho okuvota ngokunempumelelo.
Amalungelo evoter
Unelungelo lokuvota ukuba ubhalisile, ungumvoti ofanelekileyo. Oku kubandakanya ilungelo lokuphosa ibholati kunyulo lonke obelukufanele, nokuba kumntu okanye ngokungekho kwebhola ngokomthetho welizwe lakho. Ukuba ulapha kumgca xa ukhetha, unelungelo lokuhlala emgceni uze uphose ibhola yakho.
Une `[QLT: 0] unelungelo lokufumana indawo yobuqu [[[FLT: 1]] kwindlela ovota ngayo. Iinketho zakho zebhola ziyimfihlo, kwaye akukho mntu unokufuna ukuba uchaze indlela ovote ngayo. Ngoxa inxaxheba yakho kunyulo iba yinxalenye yengxelo kawonke-wonke, amavoti akho akhethekileyo ahlala eyimfihlo.
Unelungelo lokufumana ulwazi lwakho lobhaliso lovoti nokuqinisekisa ukuba ichanile. Amazwe amaninzi anika iizibuko zengingqi zengingqi apho ungakhangela khona indawo yakho yokubhalisa, qinisekisa indawo yakho yokuvota, kwaye hlola imbali yakho yokuvota. Ukuba ufumanise iimpazamo kubhaliso lwakho, unelungelo lokuzilungisa.
Unelungelo [[NTL: 0] lokunceda ukuba ufuna uncedo lokuvota ngenxa yesiphene, imiqobo yolwimi, okanye ezinye izinto. Abasebenzi abarhwebi kufuneka banikezele uncedo okanye bakuvumele ukuba uzise umntu okhethelwe wena ukukunceda uvote, ngaphandle kokukhetha okulinganiselweyo.
Une lungelo kwibhola yembumba elungiselelweyo ukuba uvunywa kumsebenzi wakho kwindawo yokuvota. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba ungafaka ibhola yovolo ezakubalwa ukuba uzimisele ukuba ukulungele, nokuba kukho umbuzo malunga nobhaliso lwakho ngoSuku lokhetho.
Unelungelo [[NTL:0] lokuxela iingxaki okanye izikhalazo zefayile ukuba uba neengxaki ngobhaliso okanye ngokuvota. Urhulumente ngamnye unenkqubo yokuphendula izikhalazo zovoti, kwaye umthetho worhulumente unika ukhuseleko nxamnye nocalucalulo kunye noloyikiso ekuvoteni.
Iimbopheleleko zevoter
Une [[FLT: 0] elungileyo ukugcina ulwazi lwakho lokubhalisa olukhoyo. Ukuba uthubeleza kwidilesi entsha, kwanakwilizwe elinye okanye kwingingqi enye, kufuneka uhlaziye ubhaliso lwakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana ivoti elungileyo kwaye ungavota kwindawo yokuvota efanelekileyo. Amazwe amaninzi akuvumela ukuba uhlaziye ubhaliso lwakho kwi Internet, ukwenza le nkqubo ikhawulezise kwaye isebenziseke.
Unobunyani bokunikezela ngolwazi oluchanekileyo xa ubhalisa ukuba uvote. Ukunika ulwazi olububuxoki ngesicelo sobhatiso akuvumelekanga kwaye kungaphumela kwimiqathango yolwaphulo-mthetho. Oku kuquka ukuxoka ngokuba ngummi wase-U.S., ukunikeza idilesi yobuxoki, okanye ukubhalisa phantsi kwegama lobuxoki.
Unobunjani [[NTL: 0] bokuqinisekisa ukuba ubhalisile phambi konyulo, ingakumbi ukuba usandul' ukufuduka, ulitshintshe igama lakho, okanye awuvotanga kwiminyaka emininzi. Ukukhangela ubhaliso lwakho kakuhle phambi koSuku lokhetho kukunika ixesha lokucombulula nayiphi na ingxaki enokukuthintela ekuvotelweni.
Une [[NTL: 0] elungileyo ukulandela iinkqubo zokuvota zelizwe lakho, kuquka nokuzisa uchazo olufunekayo kuvoti ukuba urhulumente wakho unemithetho ye-ID yomvoti, ucela iibhola zokurhoxa ngexesha elimisiweyo ukuba uceba ukuvota ngeposi, kwaye ulandela imiyalelo yokugqiba nokubuyisela ibhola yakho.
Unethuba [[NTL: 0] lokuhlonela amalungelo abanye abavoti nokuyeka nawuphi na umsebenzi onokuthi woyikise okanye uphazamise amandla abanye okuvota. Oku kuquka ukuphepha unyulo kummandla othintelweyo kufutshane nendawo zokunyulwa nokuhlonela ubumfiliba babanye abavoti.
Ukuhlaziya Ubhaliso Lwakho
Utshintsho lobomi ludla ngokufuna uhlaziyo kubhaliso lwakho lovoti. Ukuba usuka kwidilesi entsha , kufuneka uhlaziye ubhaliso lwakho ukuze ubonise indawo yakho entsha. Ukuba uyahamba kwingingqi enye, uyakwazi ukuhlaziya idilesi yakho kumhla wokhetho kuMhla wokhetho kwezinye iindawo, kodwa kungcono ukuhlaziya kundule phambili. Ukuba uya kufudukela kwingingqi okanye kwingingqi eyahlukileyo, uzakufuna ukubhalisa kwidilesi yakho entsha, ezakucima ubhaliso lwakho lwangaphambili.
Ukuba [[NTL:0] utshintsha igama lakho ngenxa yomtshato, uqhawulo-mtshato, okanye ezinye izizathu, kufuneka uhlaziye ubhaliso lwakho lovoti ukuze luhambelane negama lakho elitsha elisemthethweni. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba ukuphawula kwakho kuza kulingana nobhaliso lwakho xa uvota, uphephe iingxaki ezinokubakho kwindawo yokuvota.
Ukuba ufuna [[FLT: 0] ukutshintsha iqela lakho unxulumano ngokuthetha ukuba abavoti ababhalisayo ngeqela, ungenza oko ngokuqheleke ngokunikezela ifomu yobhaliso oluhlaziyiweyo. Qaphela ukuba amanye amazwe anexesha elimisiweyo lokutshintsha uqhagamshelwano lweqela phambi konyulo oluphambili, njengoko ubhaliso lweqela lungagqiba ukuba yeyiphi na ibhola yokuqala ongayifumana.
Uninzi lwamazwe lwenza ukukhutshwa kobhaliso lwakho kube lula nge-intanethi, iifomu ze-imeyile, okanye ukutyelela ii-ofisi zonyulo. Le nkqubo idla ngokufana nobhaliso lokuqala kwaye ifuna ulwazi olusisiseko olufanayo kunye neenkcukacha zakho ezingaphambili zokubhalisa.
Iimeko Ezikhethekileyo Nenkuselo
Abavoti abathile bajamelana neemeko ezikhethekileyo ezifuna ukhuseleko olukhethekileyo okanye indawo yokuhlala kwinkqubo yobhaliso lovoti. Ukuqonda la malungiselelo kuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abemi abafanelekileyo banokubhalisa ngokukhuselekileyo nangokuvota
Iinkqubo zogcino-lwazi eziyimfihlo
Amaphondo amaninzi anika iinkqubo zesithili sokhuseleko kubavoti abajongene nenkxalabo yokhuseleko, njengabo basinda kugonyamelo lwasekhaya, ukuhlasela ngokwesini, kwakunye nabantu ngabanye kwiinkqubo zokunikela ubungqina okanye amagosa athile karhulumente. Ezi nkqubo zivumela abathathi-nxaxheba abafanelekileyo ukuba basebenzise idilesi efunekayo kubhaliso lovoti kunye nezinye iingxelo zikawonke wonke, begcina idilesi yabo yokwenene yokuhlala iyimfihlo.
Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwezi nkqubo, kufuneka usebenzise ngapha koko umbutho karhulumente omiselweyo, uNobhala weofisi kaRhulumente okanye umbutho weenkonzo zamaxhoba. Kuza kufuneka unikezele uxwebhu lwesisongelo ojongene naso kwaye ufikelele iinketho ezithile ezithe ngqo zobunyani. Xa ubhalisile, idilesi yakho igcinwa iyimfihlo, kwaye ufumana iposi ngenkonzo eqhutyelwa phambili ngurhulumente.
Abathathi-nxaxheba kwiinkqubo zedilesi zemfihlo bangavota kuzo zonke izinyuko abafanele bazenze. Amagosa okhetho ayakwazi ukufikelela kwidilesi yakho yokwenene ukugqiba isithili sovota nelokuvota okuchanekileyo, kodwa olu lwazi aluqukwanga kuludwe lomvoti okhoyo okanye lutyhilwe kubantu abangagunyaziswanga.
Izixhobo zomkhosi nezeelwandle
I-Act ne-Overses Bambise Voing Act (UOCAVA) inikezela ubhaliso olukhethekileyo kunye neenkqubo zokuvota zamalungu emikhosi, iintsapho zabo, kunye nabemi base-U.S. abavoti bangabhalisa kwaye bacele abahambi abasebenzi beFederal Post Cardi Applicam (FPA), esebenza njengefomu yobhalisa yobabini kunye nesicelo somvotisi ongekhoyo.
UOCAVA abavoti bangafaka ubhaliso lwabo kunye nezicelo zabo zethala leencwadi ngombane kumaphondo amaninzi, kwaye amazwe amaninzi avumela aba bavoti ukuba bafumane izivoti zabo ngombane nge-imeyili okanye ngokukhutshelwa phantsi okukhuselekileyo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba amalungu emikhosi kunye nabemi baphesheya kwelwandle bangathatha inxaxheba kunyulo nangona bekude kumazwe asekhaya abo kwaye bajongene nolibaziseko lweposi.
I- Inkqubo ye-Federal yoncedo inika ubuncwane kunye nenkxaso ukunceda umkhosi kunye nabavoti baphesheya basebenzise ukubhalisa nokuvota. Le nkqubo isebenzisa iwebhsayithi enolwazi olucacileyo lukarhulumente kwaye inikela uncedo ngoncedo lwamagosa okuvota kufakelo lomkhosi ehlabathini lonke.
Izixhobo ezineziphene
AmaMelika anoMthetho wokukhubazeka kunye noMgaqo woKhuthazo lwaseMelika Vote ufuna ukuba ubhaliso lovoti lufikeleleke kubantu abaneziphene. Oku kuquka ukuqinisekisa ukuba iindawo zobhaliso zifikeleleka ngokwamandla, ukunika iifomu zobhaliso kwezinye iifomati ezifana noshicilelo olukhulu okanye iBraille, kunye nokunika uncedo kuvota abafuna uncedo ekugqibeleni ubhaliso.
Kufuneka kungeneke iinkqubo zovotelo olukwikhompyutha kubantu abasebenzisa ubugcisa obuncedisayo obufana nobafundi beskrini. I-United States kufuneka iqinisekise ukuba iindawo zokuvota zifumaneka kwaye izixhobo zokuvota ezifikelelekayo zikhona kubavoti abaneziphene.
Abasebenzi abaneziphene banelungelo lokufumana uncedo kumntu abakhethileyo okanye kubasebenzi abavotayo. Abanakucelwa ukuba bavote ngendlela ethile okanye basebenzise izixhobo ezithile ukuba bakhetha uncedo okanye ezinye iindlela zokuvota.
Abavumi Bezaphuli - mthetho
Ukuncomela amalungelo abantu abaneenkolelo zolwaphulo-mthetho kuyahluka kakhulu ngokwemeko. Amanye amaphondo avumela abantu ukuba bavote kwanaxa bevalelwe, ngoxa amanye ewavalela amalungelo abo banokuvota de bagqibe izigwebo zabo, kuquka ukuvavanywa nokukhutshelwa kwetyala. Amaqela achaza ukulahla ngokusisigxina abantu abaneenkolelo ezithile zokungaxolelwa okanye ukungabuyiselwa kwamalungelo abo.
Ukuba unetyala lolwaphulo-mthetho, kubalulekile ukuqonda imithetho yesizwe sakho engqalileyo enxulumene nokuvota. Amazwe amaninzi kutshanje aye aguqula imithetho yawo ukuze abuyisele amalungelo okuvota kubantu abagqibe izigwebo zabo, kwaye amanye aye asebenzisa iinkqubo ezizenzekelayo zokubuyisela ezingafuniyo ukuba abantu basebenzise.
Ukuba amalungelo akho okuvota abuyiselwe, kungafuneka ukuba uphinde ubhalise kwakhona ukuze uvote. Amanye amazwe ayazibuyisela ngokuzenzekelayo ubhaliso lwakho xa uphinde wafaneleka, ngexesha ezinye zifuna ukuba unikezele isicelo sokubhalisa esitsha. Jonga kwiofisi yonyulo yobulali okanye jonga kwiwebhsayithi yonyulo karhulumente wakho ukuze ufumane ulwazi olukhethekileyo malunga nokuzinza kwakho nendlela yokubhalisa.
Imibuzo Nenkxalabo Eqhelekileyo Ngobhaliso Lweziko Lemveli
Abemi abaninzi banemibuzo okanye inkxalabo ngokubhaliswa kovoti nendlela esingathwa ngayo ulwazi lwabo. Ukuphendula le mibandela iqhelekileyo kungenza abantu abangakumbi bazive bekhululekile ukubhalisa nokuthabatha inxaxheba kunyulo.
Kuthekani ukuba andiqinisekanga ukuba ndibhaliswe ngokusemthethweni?
Ukuba akuqinisekanga ngemo yakho yobhaliso, ungakhangela kwilayini kwimimandla emininzi. Imanyano yohlanga lwabengi belizwe lelizwe inikezela amakhonkco kwisixhobo sobhaptizo sobhaliso lukarhulumente ngamnye. Uzakufuna ukunikezela igama lakho nomhla wokuzalwa, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha idilesi yakho okanye irejista yenombolo yephepha-mvume, unikezele ulwazi lwakho lobhaliso.
Ungaphinda uqhagamshelane neofisi yonyulo yasekuhlaleni ngemfonomfono okanye ngomntu ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubhalisile. Ukuba ufumanise ukuba awubhalisanga okanye ubhaliso lwakho luphelelwe lixesha, ungabhalisa okanye uhlaziye ulwazi lwakho ngoko nangoko kwiimeko ezininzi.
Ndingabhalisa ukuba ndikhuphe iqanda ukuba andinakhaya?
Ewe, abantu abangenamakhaya banelungelo lokubhalisa nokuvota. Akufuni dilesi yokubhalisa yesithethe. Endaweni yoko, ungachaza indawo yakho usebenzisa imiqondiso, iimfonomfono, okanye enye inkcazelo yokwahlula. Amanye amazwe akuvumela ukuba usebenzise idilesi yekhusi, umgcini-nkonzo, okanye enye indawo apho ufumana khona iposi.
Ungasebenzisa idilesi yeposi eyahlukileyo kwindawo ohlala kuyo ukufumana izixhobo zonyulo. Iingingqi ezininzi zinemibutho enceda abantu abangenamakhaya ngokubhaliswa ngovoti kwaye zibanike oovimba ukubanceda bathathe inxaxheba kunyulo.
Kwenzeka Ntoni Xa Ndifuduka Kamsinya Ngaphambi Kokhetho?
Ukuba usondela kunyulo, iinketho zakho zixhomekeke ekubeni uthuthe ngaphakathi kwengingqi enye, kwingingqi eyahlukileyo kwimo enye, okanye kwimeko eyahlukileyo. Ukuba ususwe kwingingqi enye kwaye awuluhlaziyi ubhaliso lwakho, ungakwazi ukuvota kwindawo yakho yokuvota endala okanye uhlaziye idilesi yakho kumhla wokhetho ngoSuku loLungiso, kuxhomekeka kwimithetho yombuso wakho.
Ukuba ufudukele kwingingqi eyahlukileyo okanye kwimeko emva kobhaliswe kwexesha, ungakwazi ukuvota kwindawo yakho yangaphambili, mhlawumbi kumntu okanye ngokungekhoyo. Amanye amazwe anokubhalisa ngosuku olunye akuvumela ukuba ubhalise kwidilesi yakho entsha kwaye uvote ngoSuku lokhetho nokuba uphoswe lixesha lokubhalisa rhoqo.
Eyona ndlela ingcono kukuhlaziya ubhaliso lwakho ngokukhawuleza emva kokuhamba nokuhlola imithetho yelizwe lakho ecacileyo ngokuvota emva kokuhamba. Amagosa okhetho angakunika ukhokelo kwiinketho zakho ezisekelwe kwimeko yakho ethile.
Ngaba Ulwazi Lwam Lukhuselekile Xa Ndithenge Inkcazelo?
Amagosa okhetho athatha izilumkiso ezibalulekileyo ukukhusela ulwazi lovoti ekubiweni kobhaliso lokuvota nakungeneni okungekho mthethweni. Olona lwazi lubalulekileyo olunikayo, njengenombolo yezokhuseleko loluntu nenombolo yemvume yokuqhuba, lufihliwe kwaye lugcinwe luyimfihlo, aluqukwanga kuluhlu olukhoyo lomvoti.
Ngelixesha kungekho nkqubo yokhuseleko ngokupheleleyo ephukileyo, iinkqubo zobhaliso ziphantsi kwemigangatho yokhuseleko engqongqo kunye nokujongwa rhoqo. Ulwazi olufumaneka ekuhleni ngoluhlu lomvoti [“ngokuqhelekileyo igama lakho, idilesi, kunye novoti-imbali yakho sele ikhona ngemithombo emininzi kwaye ibangela ubungozi obuncinane ngenxa yokuba ubazi.
Ungathabatha amanyathelo ongezelelweyo okukhusela ulwazi lwakho ngokuqwalasela imo yovoti bakho rhoqo, uxele nawuphi na umsebenzi okrokrelekayo okanye iinguqu ezingagunyaziswanga ekubhaliseni kwakho, kwaye ulumke ukwabelana ngolwazi lwakho lokubhalisa nomntu ovotileyo nomthombo ongagunyaziswanga.
Kutheni Ndifumana Ileta Yezobupolitika Emva Kokubhalisa?
Amaphulo ezobupolitika namaqela angafumana uluhlu oluqulathe inkcazelo efumanekayo ekuhleni, abayisebenzisayo ekuphumezeni iphulo. Le yinxalenye eqhelekileyo yenkqubo yokuvota kwaye ivumela amaphulo okunxibelelana nabavoti ngezikhundla zabo baze bakhuthaze ukuba nenxaxheba kunyulo.
Umlinganiselo weposi yezopolitiko oyifumanayo unganyuka phambi konyulo, ingakumbi ukuba uhlala kwisithili sokhuphiswano okanye ukuba unembali yokuvota rhoqo. Ngoxa le posi ingafunwa, kukusetyenziswa okusemthethweni kolwazi lokubhalisa kwaye ithathwa njengenxalenye yenkqubo yedemokhrasi.
Unganciphisa iposi yezopolitiko engafunekiyo ngokuqhagamshelana namaphulo ngqo kwaye ucele ukususwa kuluhlu lwabo lokuposa, nangona oku kusenokungashenxi yonke iposi yezopolitiko. Khumbula ukuba ukwamkela iposi yezobupolitika akuthethi ukuba ulwazi lwakho lwabucala luye lwahlehliswa; amaphulo afumana kuphela ulwazi lomvoti olufumanekayo.
Ikamva Lobhaliso Lwezoo
Inkqubo yokubhalisa isandi iyaqhubeka iguquka ngenkqubela-phambili kwezobugcisa kunye notshintsho kwindlela abantu abasebenzisana ngayo neenkonzo zikarhulumente. Ukuqonda izinto ezivelayo kungenza siqonde indlela ukubhalisa okunokutshintsha ngayo kwiminyaka ezayo.
Ubhaliso lwe Voter oluzenzekelayo
ubhaliso oluzenzekelayo lwevoti (AVR) luguqulo oluqhelekileyo oluthi lujikeleze inkqubo yokubhalisa ngokuzibophelela abemi abafanelekileyo xa besebenzisana namaqumrhu karhulumente, i-DMV. Phantsi kwenkqubo ye-AVR, xa ufumana okanye uhlaziya ilayisensi yomqhubi okanye i-ID yesizwe, ulwazi lwakho luthunyelwa ngokuzenzekelayo kumagosa onyulo lobhaliso lovoti ukuba ungayi kukhanyele.
I-AVR iphunyezwe kumazwe amaninzi kwaye inyuswe ngokuphawulekayo ngamaqondo okuvota okubhalisa ngeli xesha icutha iimpazamo kunye nocoselelo lweencwadi ezirhoxiweyo. Ngokwenza ubhaliso olungagqibekanga ukhetho kunokuba kufuneke ukuba abantu bathathe amanyathelo awongezelelekileyo, i-AVR isusa imiqobo yokubhalisa kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba abemi abafanelekileyo babhaliswe kwivoti.
Iinkqubo ze-AVR zigcina uqinisekiso kunye nokhuseleko olufanayo njengemilinganiselo yokubhaliswa kwesithethe, ziqinisekisa ukuba kuphela abemi abafanelekileyo ababhaliswe. Ubeko olukhethiweyo lugcina ukhetho lomntu ngamnye ngexa ubhaliso luluncedo ngakumbi kwabo banqwenela ukuba nenxaxheba kunyulo.
Iinkonzo zoLwazi oluKhulisweyo
Ubhaliso lomvoti kwi Internet luye lwaba luntsokothile, ngoorhulumente abaninzi abaphuhlisa iinkqubo zeselula kunye nenkqubo yoqinisekiso. Inkqubela-phambili yexesha elizayo isenokuquka ukudibanisa nokuqinisekisa inkqubo yogcino-lwazi lwamanani, ukuvumela ubhaliso olukhuselekileyo nolufanelekileyo kwi-intanethi kusetyenziswa ubugcisa obufana nokwazi ubuso okanye ukuqinisekisa i-biometric.
Amazwe andisa iinkonzo ze-intanethi ngapha koko aquka ii-voti ezibanzi apho abemi banokuhlaziya khona ulwazi lwabo, bacele iibhola zombutho ongekhoyo, balandele ubume babo bokuvota, bafumane indawo yokuvota, kunye neesampuli zezixhobo zokungena. Ezi nkqubo zidityanisiwe zinika abavoti icebo elinye lokumisa lonke unyulo lwabo.
Ugcino-lwazi oluphuculiweyo luyabelana kwaye luyacokisa
Ulwabelano lweenkqubo ze-data yengingqi njenge-ERIC luyaqhubeka lwandisa, ukunceda amazwe agcine iiroli ezichanekileyo zabavoti abasuka phakathi kwamazwe, ukuphinda-phinda ubhaliso, kunye nabantu abafileyo abanokususwa kuluhlu lomvoti. Ezi nkqubo ziphucula ucoselelo lwezi siseko sobhaliso sovoti ngoxa zikhusela ukususwa okungafanelekanga kwabavoti abafanelekileyo.
Ukwabelana ngolwazi olunyusiweyo namaqumrhu asekuhlaleni kusenokuphucula ukuchana kolwazi lokuvota. Umzekelo, ukunxibelelana okungcono nogcino-lwazi lwezoKhuseleko loluntu kunokukunceda amagosa onyulo akhawulezise ukufanisa abantu abafileyo, ngoxa ukuphucula unxulumano neNkonzo yePostal yase-U.S. kunceda utshintsho olunempumelelo.
Unyuselo Lokhuseleko Oluqhubekayo
Njengoko izisongelo zekhompyutha ziqhubeka ziguquka, amagosa onyulo aza kuqhubeka enyusa ukhuseleko lweenkqubo zokuvota. Oku kuquka ukusetyenziswa kwenkqubo eziphambili zokufumana izisongelo, ukwamkela izakhiwo zokhuseleko ezingaqinisekanga eziqinisekisa ukufikelela kwazo zonke izicelo, nokusebenzisa ubuchule bokuzenzela ukufumanisa nokusabela kwiziganeko zokhuseleko ezinokwenzeka ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuveliswa kwemali kwizibonelelo zokhuseleko lonyulo kuya kuhlala kuyinto ephambili, ngenkxaso yemali yemali nenkxaso karhulumente enceda ukusungula ezona zenzo zilungileyo zezokhuseleko nokufumana ubugcisa obutsha bokhuseleko. Uhlolo oluthe rhoqo kunye nolwabelana ngenkcazelo phakathi kwamagosa onyulo kuya kunceda ekuboneni izisongelo ezivelayo zize zivelise amanyathelo asebenzayo okuzithintela.
Ukuthabatha Inyathelo: Ukubhalisa Nokuhlala Unolwazi
Ukuqonda indlela umbhaliso wovoti osebenza ngayo nendlela oluphathwa ngayo ulwazi lwakho kubalulekile, kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubhalisa ukuvota nokugcina ubhaliso lwakho. Ukuthabatha inyathelo lokuthabatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yonyulo kungundoqo kwidemokhrasi kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba ilizwi lakho liyaviwa kwizigqibo ezichaphazela uluntu lwakho, urhulumente, nohlanga lwakho.
Indlela Yokubhalisa
Ukuba awubhaliswanga ngoku ukuvota, inkqubo ilula. Yiya kwi webhsayithi yonyulo karhulumente wakho okanye ephethe uvoti-gosa olukwizibuko lenqanawa ukufumana ulwazi malunga neemfuno zobhaliso kunye neendlela kwizwe lakho. Amazwe amaninzi anika ubhaliso lwe-intanethi, olulelona lukhawulezileyo nolulungele okokuba unephepha lomqhubi okanye i-ID karhulumente.
Ukuba ukhetha ukubhalisa ngeposi okanye ngomntu, ungakhuphela ulwazi lokubhalisela kwi-website yonyulo karhulumente wakho okanye ufumane enye kwiofisi yonyulo, ithala lencwadi, okanye kwiofisi ye-DMV yobulali. Yigqibelise ngenyameko le fomu, uqinisekisa ukuba yonke inkcazelo ichanekile kwaye ibhalwe kakuhle, uze uyithumele ngokwemiyalelo enikiweyo.
Emva kokubhalisa, qinisekisa ukuba ubhaliso lwakho lucaciswe ngempumelelo ngokukhangela ubume bakho bokubhalisa kwi-intanethi okanye ngokuqhagamshelana neofisi yonyulo yasekuhlaleni. Esi siqinisekiso siqinisekisa ukuba uza kukwazi ukuvota kunyulo oluzayo kwaye sikunike ixesha lokucombulula nayiphi na ingxaki ukuba ubhaliso lwakho alulungiswanga kakuhle.
Ukuhlala Unolwazi
Xa ubhalisile, hlala waziswe ngonyulo oluzayo, ubalo, naluphi na utshintsho kwiinkqubo zokuvota kwindawo ohlala kuyo. Sayina i-imeyili okanye isaziso sokubhaliweyo esivela kwiofisi yonyulo yobulali ukuba iyafumaneka. Landela iofisi yonyulo karhulumente wakho kwi media yentlalo okanye khangela iwebsite yabo rhoqo ukuze uhlaziywe.
Qinisekisa ubume bakho bobhaliso phambi konyulo ngalunye, ingakumbi ukuba ufudukile, ulitshintshe igama lakho, okanye awuvotanga kunyulo lwangoku. Eli nyathelo lilula lingakhusela iingxaki ngoSuku loNnyulo kwaye liqinisekise ukuba ungavota ngaphandle kweengxaki.
Funda ngabaza kuchola nabo bakucholayo phambi koMhla woNnyulo. Iiofisi ezininzi zonyulo zinika amavote afanayo kwi-intanethi, zikuvumela ukuba ubone kakuhle oko kuza kuvela kuvota wakho uze wenze uphando lwakho kusengaphambili. Ukuba ngunolwazi kukunceda wenze ukhetho oluvumelana nemilinganiselo yakho nezinto eziza kuqala.
Ukukhuthaza Abanye Ukuba Babhalise
Uncedo lomeleza idemokhrasi ngokukhuthaza abahlobo, amalungu entsapho namalungu oluntu ukuba abhaliswe. Yabelane ngemiqathango yokubhalisa, nceda abanye ukuba babhaliswe xa kufuneka, kwaye ugxininise ukubaluleka kokuba nenxaxheba kunyulo.
Imibutho emininzi iqhuba ihlomelo lokubhalisa ivoti ukuze incede abahlali abafanelekileyo babhaliswe. Cinga ngokusebenza ngokuzithandela ngemigudu okanye ngokulungiselela ukubhalisa kwindawo ohlala kuyo, emsebenzini, okanye kunqulo. Ukwandisa ubhaliso lovoti kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba unyulo lubonakalisa ukuthanda kwengingqi iphela.
Isiphelo: Ulwazi lwakho, Umsebenzi Wakho, Ulawulo - melo Lwakho
Ukubhalisa kovotelo luyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuthabatha inxaxheba kwedemokhrasi, kwaye ukuqonda indlela urhulumente aphatha ngayo ulwazi lwakho kubalulekile ukuze uzive uqinisekile kwinkqubo yonyulo. Iinkqubo neenkqubo ezikhoyo zenzelwe ukulungelelanisa iinjongo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo: ukuqinisekisa ubuchule bomvoti, ukugcina umqulu ochanekileyo wabavoti, ukukhusela ukuzifunela izinto zobuqu, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lonyulo, nokuqinisekisa ukubandakanyeka konyulo kunyulo.
Ulwazi lwakho lokuvota lukhuselwe lumaleko omninzi wokhuseleko, ukusuka kumbhalo ofihlakeleyo kunye nolawulo lokungena ukuya kwimiqathango esemthethweni kwindlela ugcino-lwazi olunokusetyenziswa ngayo. Ngelixesha ulwazi lufumaneka ekuqinisekiseni ukuba mhlophe kwinkqubo yovotelo, iinkcukacha zakho ezivakalayo zihlala ziyimfihlo, kwaye ukhetho lwakho lokuvota lusoloko luyimfihlo.
Amagosa okhetho kurhulumente, kurhulumente, nakumgangatho wasekuhlaleni ayaqhubeka esebenza ukuphucula iinkqubo zokuvota, aphucula ukhuseleko, aze enze ubhaliso lube olufikelelekayo nolulungeleyo. Le migudu ibonisa ukubaluleka kwamalungelo okuvota kwidemokhrasi yaseMerika kunye nokuzimisela ukuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abami abafanelekileyo banokuba nenxaxheba kunyulo.
Ngokubhalisa kwivoti, ukugcina ulwazi lwakho ngoku, nokuthabatha inxaxheba kunyulo, usebenzisa elinye lamalungelo abalulekileyo kwibutho ledemokhrasi. Uvotelwa nguwe lilizwi lakho ukugqiba ukuba ngubani okumelayo kwaye ziziphi imigaqo ezilandelwayo kulo lonke umgangatho karhulumente. Ukuqonda indlela ubhaliso olusebenza ngayo kukunika amandla okuthabatha inxaxheba ngokuzithemba kwaye kukunceda uqinisekise ukuba inkqubo yonyulo ihlala ikhuselekile, ichanile, kwaye ifikeleleka kubo bonke abemi abafanelekileyo.
Nokuba ngaba uyabhalisa okokuqala, uhlaziya ulwazi lwakho emva kokuhamba, okanye ufuna nje ukuqonda inkqubo bhetele, khumbula ukuba ubhaliso lomvoti lukhona ukuze ungenelele inxaxheba kulawulo-melo. Sebenzisa ubuncwane obukhoyo, hlala wazi ngamalungelo akho kunye neembopheleleko zakho, kwaye wenze ilizwi lakho liviwe ngokubhalisa nangokuvota kunyulo ngalunye.