Ubuchule bokwenziwa kwenkqubo yesiqhelo

Indlela ibutho eliguqulela ngayo amavoti kumelo lweqela ngalinye sesinye sezigqibo ezilandelayo eziziziphumo eziphambili ezinokwenziwa yidemokhrasi. Uhlalutyo lwebhokisi yebhola ekhatywayo lwenza okungaphezulu kunokubala nje kuphela izinto ezikhethwayo; babumba iindlela zephulo, abavoti abaphembeleli, bagqiba ukuba ngawaphi amazwi anyusiweyo, kwaye ekugqibeleni bachaze ukufaneleka kwequmrhu elilawulayo. Njengoko ulawulo-melo lwehlabathi lonke luzama ukuthomalalisa ukuthemba nokwanda kolwahlulo lwezopolitiko, uhlalutyo olungqongqo lweendlela zokuvota ayiselwayo alusa kucebisi kodwa kuyimfuneko eluncedo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ulawulo lubonisa ukuthanda kokwenyaniso kwabantu.

Olu hlalutyo luhlola iinkqubo ezingundoqo ezintlanu zokhetho: Eyokuqala-Past- i Post (FPP), i-Ranked Cover Voverdiation (RCV), i-Pportionation (PR), i-Vunelwa, kunye neNdlela eyodwa egqithisiweyo (STV). Kwinkqubo nganye, siza kuvavanya ukwenziwa kobume, sivavanya umelo lwezibonelelo, ubuchule benkqubo, kunye nokuvavanya ubuchule bokungenisa umelo oludityanisiweyo [ukulinganisa okuqulukileyo kwabahlali], [FLT:] [FLT:] [unyaka] [onke unikezelo oluthe lwenziwayo], [onke] udidi lwe- khetho oluqhelekileyo]

Isiseko seTaxinano yenkqubo yorhwebo

Ukuvavanya ezi nkqubo ngokunempumelelo, kuluncedo ukuzidibanisa ngobuchule bazo obungundoqo. Iindlela eziphantsi kwengxubusho zehlela kwiintsapho ezimbini ezibanzi: izimijoritarian/iinkqubo zobunikazi kunye iinkqubo zeprotionec [. Kukwakho neenkqubo ze-propatiation protical .

  • Iinkqubo ze-Plassical/Majoritarian System (FTP, RCV, I-octive Voting): Ezi nkqubo zijolise kummandla weqela elinye apho kukhethwa khona umnqobi omnye. Zibeka ulwakhiwo lwesizinziso, urhulumente oza kuphendula, rhoqo ngexabiso loguqulelo lokwenza ivoti- ukuya kulwahlulo.
  • Inkqubo yePropotical System (PR, STV): Ezi nkqubo zisebenza kwisithili ezinamalungu amaninzi kwaye zijolise ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iqela okanye iqela lesabelo sovoti sihambelana ngokusondeleyo nesabelo salo kwizihlalo. Zibeka indawo yokuqala ekuvalweni kunye nokumelwe kweembono ezimbalwa.

Eyokuqala- yePast- iposi (FPTP): Ukucoceka ngexabiso

Inkqubo yokuQala-iPast-Post, eyaziwa ngokuba lilungu elinye lobuninzi (SMP), yeyona ndlela yovota endala neyamkelekileyo ngokubanzi. Umlandeli onenani elikhulu leevoti kwingingqi ephumelelayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba elo nani linguninzi kusini na. Le nkqubo isetyenziswa kunyulo lwemithetho-mthetho yesizwe eUnited States, eUnited Kingdom, eCanada, naseIndiya, phakathi kwezinye.

Ubuchule bokwakha beFPTP

Ulula kwe-FPTP luphawu lwayo lotyikityo. Iivoters ziphawula umvotelwa omnye kwivoti. Umvotelwa onesibhaka-bhaka esiphezulu kakhulu ufumana isihlalo. Inkqubo ikhawuleza, kwaye iziphumo zidla ngokubalwa kwisithuba seeyure. Le mpumelelo idla ngokukhankanywa njengengenelo engundoqo kwimibutho yolawulo nakumajelo eendaba ngokufanayo.

Amandla enqanawa ethatha zonke izicwangciso

  • Isivumelwano sobuGqwesa nokuQinisekisa: Rhoqo ikhupha urhulumente omninzi odityanisiweyo. Oku kuphelisa imfuneko yengxoxo yomanyano lwasemva kokhetho, ivumela iqela ukuba liphumeze iqonga lalo ngqo. Abaxhasi bazi kakuhle ukuba yeyiphi inxenye enoxanduva lweziphumo zenkqubo, bedala umgca ocacileyo wokuphendula.
  • Ukuzinza noFikelelo: Ibholathi yithuku. Ivoters zifuna ukuchonga kuphela umntu omnye okhethayo. Lo mthwalo usezantsi wobuchopho uluncedo kakhulu kubemi abanamanqanaba ahlukeneyo okufunda nobuchule bezobupolitika.
  • Ikhonkco elinguMthendeleko: isithili ngasinye sinommeli omnye, obonakalayo. Oku kwenza kusebenze ulwalamano oluthe ngqo phakathi konyuliweyo wegosa kunye neenkonzo zalo, ukwenza umsebenzi wokujongana nenkcubeko edla ngokuxutywa kwimimandla enamalungu amaninzi.

Ukungalungi kokwakha kunye nokusilela komelo

  • I-Diffiotity kunye neManufective Majoni aphambili: Owona mdla wokugxekwa kwe-FPP kutyekelo lwayo lokuvelisa iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga. Iqela lingazuza uninzi lwezihlalo kunye nevoti eninzi ethandwayo yesizwe. Umzekelo, kunyulo jikelele lwe-UK, iConservative Partition yawina 50.9% yezihlalo ezinezintluphelo ezizi 36,9% zevoti, ngelixa isiHlulo se-UK seNtshulukelo sibotshele i 12.6% yevoti yevoti kuphela kodwa i-0.2% yezihlalo.
  • [[FLT: 0] Ivotethi Elungisiweyo kunye noHlaziyo olucwangcisiweyo: izivovo eziphoswe kubathathi-nxaxheba abagqibele ngaphandle komphezulu ababini zichithakala ngokunempumelelo. Oku kukhuthaza [ uvotelo olunokwahlula-hlula-hlula [[, apho abemi bevota abavotelwanga abakhethayo kodwa abanohlobo oluncinci lweziphene ezimbini zengozi abakholelwa ukuba banokuphumelela. Le nto iguqula usasazo lokwenyaniso lokhetho kwaye iyakwazi ukucinezela ucimo phakathi kwabavoti "ku khuselekileyo" apho isiphelo sikwisiphelo se-egeontene.
  • IDuopoly Convergence ne Candidate: Impumelelo esebenzayo ithatha intsebenziswano ngamandla edibanisa ukwenziwa kwamaqela amabini alawulayo. Iqela elincinci okanye icandelo lesithathu labathathi-nxaxheba lisebenza njenge "i-ipoilers" eyahlulayo ivoti, ngokufuthi ekhokelela ekupheliseni kwabo umva. Ngokubhekele phaya, abathathi-nxaxheba baqhutyelwa kwisazulu sezobupolitika kwimali yokufumana ivoti yeqonga, okuphumela ekuhlanganiseni kweqonga nasekusweni kwendlela ecacileyo yemithetho.

Ukuqhaqhatha okuKhethiweyo okuKhuselweyo (RCV): IMajoliarianism nge-Nuance

Unyuso Olushicilelweyo, ngamanye amaxesha olubizwa ngokuba yi-Proff Voing (IRV) xa lusetyenziswa kunyulo olunye lwe-winner, luvumela abavoti ukuba bakhethe abalawuli ngokwendlela yokukhetha (1st, 2th, 3rd, njl.njl.). Ukuba akukho mvotelwa ukhusela uninzi lwevoti yokuqala, umvotelwa ngevoti ezimbalwa eziphambili zikhutshwe, kwaye ivoti yabo ikhutshelwa abashiyekileyo abasekelwe kukhetho lwesibini. Le nkqubo iphinda de kube mvotitshalali omnye uphumele uninzi.

Inzuzo yemodeli ekwimo yoMkhosi omnye

  • [[UMTL: 0] Isiqinisekiso se- RCV iqinisekisa ukuba umnqolobi unenkxaso yoninzi lwabavoti bokugqibela abangqukuva, uphawu olungekhoyo kwi FPTP. Oku kunika ugunyaziso olunamandla lwedemokhrasi kumntu ophumeleleyo.
  • Ukuncitshiswa kwesiphumo se-Spoolsher Iziphumo: Kuba abavoti bangalubeka kuluhlu ukhetho lwabo lokuqala ngaphandle koloyiko lokudlala ivoti yabo, inxenye yesithathu kunye nabavoti abazimeleyo bangakhuphisana ngokugqitha. Umvoti oxhasa umvoti angabeka izithuba kuqala kunye noDemocrat send; ukuba iGreen irhoxisiwe, ukufuduswa kwabo kunokuba balahlwe.
  • [[UMTL: 0] I-Investive for Suictified Campaning: Amakhanuci kufuneka angabhenelanga kumgangatho wabo kuphela kodwa nakooxhasi babanye abatsha abaza kukhusela amanqanaba esibini nesesithathu. Oku kunamandla kunganciphisa izibhengezo ezingalunganga zohlaselo, njengokuba uphazamiso lotshaba lungakhutshwa kude, kubiza imali exabisekileyo yokuvota.

Ucelomngeni Nezikhundla zeRCV

  • Iqela elipheleleyo kunye ne Voter Education: RCV ifuna umgangatho ophezulu womntu ovotayo. Iibhola zexesha elide, kwaye inkqubo ephezulu ingadidanisa abanye abavoti, ingakumbi abo basemagunyeni bayisebenzise okwesihlandlo sokuqala. I-Spoweed bolots (umz., imigangatho emibini ephezulu njengenani elinye) inganyuka.
  • [[FLT: 0] Ukucinywa kwe Centrisdates: Ngokudidekayo, RCV ngamanye amaxesha ingasusa abathathi-nxaxheba kwangoko. Ukuba umba ophambili wepesentitrike unevoti yokuqala encinane kune-metantice, zingasuswa, zishiye abatshayeli ababini abagqithisileyo kumjikelo wokugqibela. Le siphumo, esaziwa ngokuba "centlittant," ingavelisa umnqongo othandwa kakhulu kunaleyo yesentitris ebekunjalo.
  • [[NTLL:0] Izilibaziso zokwahlula izithuba kunye nenkxalabo ezicace gca: Inkqubo ethatha ixesha elininzi kune FPTP. Kunyulo olusondeleyo, iziphumo zingangaziwa iintsuku ezininzi. Ngaphezu koko, ucalulo lwemithetho-algorithm ngokwayo lungazizi kakhulu kumvoti-manani oqhelekileyo, inyusa inkxalabo enokwenzeka malunga nokholoso kubude bokugqibela.
  • Non-Particotion of Blued Ballots: Ukuba umvoti okokugqibela omiselwe udidi uphelisiwe kwaye akukho zikhethwayo ezithe zabekwa kuluhlu, ibhola yabo iba "idityanisiwe" kwaye ayisayi kuba negalelo kumjikelo wokugqibela, ngokunempumelelo ukunciphisa inani lonke levoti ebumba isiphumo.

Uzalisekiso lweRCV lokwenene lwehlabathi

I-RCV isetyenziswa kwinani elikhulayo lezixeko namazwe ase-U.S., kuquka iMaine ne-Alaska ukwenzela unyulo lwamazwe, nakumazwe anjenge-Australia kwiNdlu yabameli bayo. Uhlalutyo oluvela Fairvote lubonisa ukuba i-RCV i-corretates enolwaneliseko oluphezulu kunye namaphulo angokwentlalo-ntle, nangona iziphumo zisekelwe kwizithethe zezobupolitika kunye namanani esithili.

Umelo loMgaqo-nkqubo (PR): Ukubonelela iElectorate

Umelo lwepropatintial lusapho lweenkqubo ezilungiselelwe ukwabelana ngezihlalo zowiso-mthetho ngokuhambelana nolwabelo lwevoti jikelele eyamkelwe liqela ngalinye. Olona hlobo luqhelekileyo lungu-Party-Luhlu PR, apho ivotelwayo yeqela, kwaye amaqela afumana izihlalo ngokuhambelana nolwabelo lwesizwe okanye lovoti. Ulwahlulo luquka [MEMENTERPPORIONALT (MMP), ezidityaniswe ne-entla loluhlu lokuqinisekisa ulwahlulo.

Amandla enkqubo yokudlulisela

  • [[FLT: 0] Umelo olucacileyo: Iinkqubo zePR zivelisa iindlu zowiso-mthetho ezibonisa ngokusondeleyo ivoti ethandwayo. Iqela elifumana 25% yevoti elifumana malunga ne 25% yezihlalo. Oku kukhulisa umelo lwezopolitiko kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba uludwe olubanzi lwembono lukhona kwigumbi.
  • Ukuqhambuka kwamalizwi amancinane: amaqela amancinane amele iqela elincinane lesizwe, izilangazelelo zengingqi, okanye indawo yenkcubeko yengqondo angafumana imelo. Oku kunciphisa ingqiqo yokuzikhetha phakathi kwamaqela amancinane kwaye kunganceda ukudibanisa intlalo ezahlukahlukeneyo.
  • [[FLT: 0] Umphezulu ophezulu ophambili Voter Turnout noMphicothiso: kuba phantse lonke ukhetho lunegalelo kwisihlalo, abavoti bavakalelwa ukuba inxaxheba yabo inegalelo elithe ngqo. "ivoti edityanisiweyo" incitshisiwe kakhulu. Uphando lubonise ukuba umvoti ujikele phezulu jikelele kwiinkqubo zePR ezithelekisa nenkqubo zeFTPP.
  • IBarriers for Women and Diverdates: Iinkqubo ze-PR, ingakumbi ezo zisebenzisa iifomati ezivaliweyo, zivumela amaqela ukuba alungelelanise amatikiti awo ngokuquka amabhinqa, amaqela amaqela aphezulu, kunye nabathathi-nxaxheba abatsha. Amazwe anePR asoloko enamanani aphezulu okumela kwindlu yowiso-mthetho. Umzekelo, inkqubo ye-MMP yaseNew Zealand isoloko ikhankanywa njengefektha kwimithetho yawo ephezulu yobufana nomntu omnye okwisidibini.

Ubuthathaka Bokufuzisela

  • Oorhulumente bobuNcedo nokungaguquguquki: PR inqabile ukuvelisa icandelo elinye elingundoqo. Oku kubangela ukuba oorhulumente abasebenzisanayo, abanokungachachacha nokunikezela. Kwezinye iimeko, njengembali kaSirayeli yonyulo oluqhelekileyo, oku kungazinzi kunokubangela ukunyanzeleka kolawulo. Noko ke, iminqophiso eqinileyo iqhelekile kumazwe anjengeJamani neNetherlands.
  • Izikhombisi zoNxulumaniso: Kwinkqubo zoluhlu oluvaliweyo lwePR, ivoti yeqela, hayi umvoti obhaptizi ngamnye. Oku kwenza buthathaka ulwalamano oluthe ngqo phakathi kommeli nendawo echaziweyo. Abameli bangabazi ukuba ngubani ummeli wabo, kwaye ummeli angaziva enobutyala ngakumbi kukhokelo lweqela kunakwisithili esithile.
  • I-Platform ye-Extremist Parities:[[FT:1] Umnyango osezantsi womelo (onke 3-5%) ungavumela amaqela agabadelayo ukuba afumane indawo ephakamileyo epalamente. Oku kungazisa intetho engqongqo kwiqela elikhulu kwaye izenze zibe nzima.
  • Amandla eCanceric: Kwiinkqubo ezivaliweyo zoluhlu, abachongi beenkokeli zolawulo basemagunyeni, bebanika amandla amakhulu kunalowo unyuliweyo. Oku kunokuzicinezela ukungavumelani kwangaphakathi kweqela kwaye kwenza indlu yowiso-mthetho ingabinakusabela kumntu ngamnye kunakubaphathi beqela.

PR ekuqheliseni: Inkqubo ye-MMP yaseJamani

Inkqubo ye-Mixped-Member Propotional ingumzekelo obalaseleyo. Abavoti baphosa ivoti ezimbini: enye yommeli wesithili (FPTP) nenye yoluhlu lwamaqela. Uluhlu lwezivotelo lweqela lusetyenziselwa ukuphakamisa isihlalo ngasinye ngokwemilinganiselo, ukulungisa ukususwa kobuzwe bemijaho yesithili. Le mfaniso ye-propati izama ukugcina uqhagamshelwano olunxulumeneyo lwe-FPTPPPP ngexesha ifumana umlinganiselo we-PR. Ngokutsho kwe- Fredal igor igosaeting [[FFFLT:1], le nkqubo ive ilungile, idityaniswe ngoomatilo-ocet , i-Prist interdiance kamashumi eminyaka, nangona uqhezu lwakutshanje luvavanyele ukubuyiseka kwayo.

Imisebenzi egunyaziswayo: Indlela elula yeChoice ezininzi

Ukunconywa yinkqubo enye yewinner apho abavoti bangavotela khona (ukulinganisa) njengoko befuna. Umvoti onenkoliso yovumo uphumelela. Asiyonkqubo ephezulu kodwa inkqubo esekelwe kumda. "umvoti usuka nje abonise ukuba u-ewe" okanye "no" ngegama ngalinye kwibhola.

Iinzuzo Zokwamkelwa

  • [[FLT: 0] I-Extreme Voter Flexable: Ivoter zingaxhasa abathathi-nxaxheba abaninzi ngaphandle koloyiko olucwangcisiweyo. Umvoti oqhubekayo angavuma zombini uGreen kunye noMkhuphiswano-moya, athintele ukwahlula-voti nokususa ngokupheleleyo isiphumo somphanga.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Ukuzinza: Ibholaot ilula njenge FPTP (uphawu lwebhokisi) kodwa ivumela iimpawu ezininzi. Ii Voter azifuni ukubeka okanye ukubeka ngaphaya kwesigqibo ukuba ngabaphi abathathi-nxaxheba abazigqala ezamkelekileyo.
  • Ukuququzelela isakhiwo sokwakhela ukhuthuko olubanzi: Amarhamente kufuneka abhenele kubaphulaphuli abanzi, hayi nje isiseko esisembindini. Ukwandisa imvume, umvotelwa kufuneka aphephe ukuphambuka nasiphi na isiseko esibalulekileyo, ukunyusa ulwakhiwo lwesivumelwano kunye neendawo zenkqubo eziquka ukququ.

Iingozi Zokwamkelwa

  • Inguqu yaMajority Tyranny: Isihlomelo esamkeleke kakhulu kubo bonke kodwa esixhaswe kakhulu ngabambalwa singamoyisa umhlohli othandwa kakhulu ngabaninzi kodwa othandwa kakhulu ngabambalwa. Oku kungavelisa uphumelele nge "approval" kodwa esezantsi "isenzo sobunyani".
  • [[NTL:0] Izithintelo ze-Parefe Intenstity: Ukuvota okugunyazisiweyo kuphatha umvoti ongona anyamezela umvoti ngokufanayo novoti oxhasa ngamandla. Ayinakukwazi ukuthatha ubunzulu bokhetho, oluyinxalenye engundoqo yomelo lobunyani.
  • [[NTL: 0] Imbumbulu ejikelezayo i-Bullet: ngelixesha ukuvota kunciphisa ezinye iintlobo zendlela yokuziphatha, kuzisa ezintsha. Abaxhasi bangazenza zicace ngokuvumela kuphela umntu abamthandayo ("ukuvota") ukuzama ukunyusa amathuba abo, ukuguqula inkqubo ibe yi-FPTP.

Ukusetyenziswa Okusebenzisekayo Komsebenzi Wokunconywa

Ukuvunywa kwenqanawa kusetyenziswa koomasipala abaninzi base-U.S., kuquka iSt Louis, Missouri, kunye neFargo, kumntla Dakota, kunyulo lwasekuhlaleni. Uhlalutyo lukwiNdlela yeNkcubeko yenzululwazi yeSiciko [[[FLT: 1] lucebisa ukuba iphucula ulwaneliseko lomvoti kwaye ivelisa iimpuku ngenkxaso ebanzi kune FPTP ezikwiziqithi ezifanayo, nangona ukwamkela umntwana kusekwenziwa ngokulinganiselwe.

Ijelo elinye elidluliselweyo (STV): Ulwandiso nge-Preference

IVote enye edluliselwe kwenye sisixokelelwano esisetyenziswa kwimimandla emininzi. Abathathi-nxaxheba bakwisigaba esifana ne-RCV, kodwa abaphumelele abaninzi bakhethwa. Abaphumeleleyo bafikelela kumnyango wonyulo (umlinganiselo weDroop) ukudlula kwivoti yokuqala kunye nevoti ezigqithisiweyo zabaphumeleleyo nabarhoxiweyo abasusiweyo.

Amandla e-STV

  • Ipropotigali ephezulu kunye nokhetho lwe Voter: i-STV ivelisa iziphumo ezilungelelanisiweyo ngexa inika impembelelo engqalileyo kubavoti abanyulwayo phakathi kweqela. Ngokungafaniyo noluhlu oluvaliweyo lwe-PR, apho iqela limisela ucwangco, i-STV ivumela abavoti ukuba baqhubele phambili umvoti ophakathi kumgangatho wokunyaniseka weqela.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Imodeli Yomjelo Odityanisiweyo: Indlela yokudlulisa iqinisekisa ukuba ipesenti ephezulu kakhulu yevoti ekugqibeleni inikela ekunyuleni umvoti. Oku kwandisa umelo oluluncedo lwebhola nganye.
  • Umltit-Faction umelo: Kwisithili esinesihlanu sotyiso, kunokwenzeka ukuba iqela elikhulu liphumelele kwizihlalo ezimbini, iqela lesibini liphumelele ezimbini, neqela lesithathu okanye elizimeleyo ukuphumelela enye. Oku kudala indlu yowiso-mthetho ebonakalisa ngokwenene ubuninzi beembono phakathi konyulo.

Ubuthathaka Besifo

  • Ukufakela kunye nokuLayisha i-Chooption Last: Izixhobo ze-STV zinokubande kwaye zoyike, ingakumbi kwisithili kunye nabavumi abaninzi. IiVoter kufuneka zibeke inani elikhulu elinokwenzeka labathathi-nxaxheba, kwaye ziqonde indlela ukuvota kwazo okunokutshintshelwa ngayo kunzima.
  • [[NTL: 0] Ujikelezo lwe-Tab-elity kunye nobumfiliba: Inkqubo yokubala i-STV yeyona ndlela inzima yokubala kuzo zonke iindlela ezixoxweyo. Isikali se-STV singathatha iintsuku okanye iiveki ukugqiba, kwaye i-algorithm ebomvu ehambisayo kunzima kumvoti--manani ukuba alandele, ukunciphisa ukuthemba kwisiphumo.
  • Ucelomngeni lomahluko: kwisithili ezinabathathi-nxaxheba abaninzi abasuka kwiqela elinye, abavoti bangakufumanisa kunzima ukwahlula phakathi kwabo. Oku kungakhokelela ekudidekeni nasekuthembeni kakhulu kwiirelayithi zeqela, ukucutha ukhetho lwecandelo lobungcathu oluyi-STV lucetyiswe ukunikezela.

Ukhuthuzo loMntwana

I-STV isetyenziselwa unyulo lwesizwe lwemithetho-mthetho eIreland (Dáil Éirean) kunye neMalta, ukwenzela unyulo kwiBhunga le-Australia, nokhetho lukarhulumente wasekuhlaleni eScotla kunye nase-Northern Ireland. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-STV kuyafundisa ngokukhethekileyo; iye yavelisa inkqubo enamandla, eneecandelo elininzi elinamaqhina anamandla ngeli lixa iqondo eliphezulu lolungelelwaniso, njengoko kuphawulwe kwizifundo ze- ISCRCENT Institute yeDemocravity ne-EA Intelligate (IS-EA).

Uhlalutyo lothelekiso: Umelo olukhuphayo lwaphesheya kwenkqubo

Ukuze sihlole ukusebenza kwezi ndlela zokuvota, kufuneka sizilinganisele ngokwendlela engundoqo yokumela idemokhrasi. Uthebe olungezantsi lunikela uthelekiso lwesishwankathelo.

Criterion FPTP RCV PR (List) Approval Voting STV
Proportionality Low Moderate High Low-Moderate High
Majority Rule Weak mandate Strong mandate Weak mandate Majority possible Strong mandate
Constituency Link Strong Strong Weak Strong Moderate-Strong
Simplicity (Voter) Very High Moderate High High Low-Moderate
Minority Inclusion Low Moderate High Moderate High
Government Stability High Moderate Low-Moderate High Moderate
Wasted Vote Count High Low Very Low Moderate Very Low

Isibumbelo Sorhwebo

Akukho ndlela enye yokuvota egqwesa zonke iindidi ngexesha elinye. I-FPTP iphumelela ngokulula nangozinzo kodwa iyangaphumeleli ekudibaneni nasekudibaneni. I-PR iphumelela ekutyhafeni nasekulungelelaniseni kodwa ingenza iipalamente ezingaguquguqukiyo. RCV ne-STV zinika iindlela eziphakathi kodwa zingenisa ubuntsonkotha kunye neengxaki zokulinganisa. Ukuvota kulula kwaye kunciphisa ukuvota kodwa akukwazi ukuthatha ubunzulu obuthandwayo kwaye kungavelisa iimpunge ezamkelekileyo kunokuba kuvezwe abameli abameleneyo.

Isiphelo: Imeko kunye nendlela phambili

Ukukhethwa kwendlela yokuvota kukukhetha oko kuxabiseke kakhulu kwibutho labantu kwidemokhrasi yabameli balo. Ukuba eyona nto iphambili yinkqubo ezinzileyo, enezahlulo ezimbini ezinamandla zokuphendula, i-FPTP ihlala ingukhetho olungenakuthenjwa (ukuba ayifezeki). Ukuba eyona nto iphambili kukuqinisekisa ukuba amalizwi amancinane avalwayo nokuba indlu yowiso-mthetho ibonakalisa uluntu oluvotayo, PR okanye STV ingaphezulu. Ukuba injongo ikukuhlisa iphulo elibi kwaye inike abavoti ngeenketho ezithelekayo ezithenjiweyo ngexa begcina izithili ezimanyeneyo, RCV inika unyuselo oluthembisayo kuwonke wonke umntu ovotayo, PPP.

Ekugqibeleni, ukuphumelela kwendlela yokuvota akunakugwetywa ngokwahlukileyo. Kufuneka kuvavanywe phakathi kwembali, inkcubeko, kunye nobume bentlalo yelizwe ekulo. Inkqubo esebenza kakuhle kwimpucuko yezopolitiko ye-Sweden, enxulumene ne-arhente efana ne- Suwede, isenokungakhutshwanga kwibutho labantu elahlukeneyo, elifana neUnited States. Njengoko abaphandi kwimibutho efana nomgangatho ofanelekileyo, kodwa ulungelelwaniso olufana nowombutho wotshintsho, umgangatho, ukulingana, nokusebenza okuqhelekileyo, kuqhubeke kuvelisa ugcino-lwazi oluthe ngqo, ingxoxo eguqukileyo isuka ekukhetheni imbonakalo yotshintsho. Indlela yokuvota eluncedo kakhulu asiyo ebangela umgangatho ofanelekileyo, kodwa ulungelenelo, ukulingana, nokusebenza okusebenzayo.

Xa ulawulo-melo lujamelene neengxaki zokuhla, ukudilika, kunye nokuphelelwa kokuthembana, abakhandi bebhokisi yebhola yebholothi banika enye yezixhathiso ezinamandla zokuguqula iziko. Ukhetho oluzizo, oluyintlawulo olusemthethweni phakathi kwe-FPTPP, RCV, PR, uVumelaniso, i-Ping, kunye ne-STV lungaqinisa ukufaneleka kwedemokhrasi kwaye luqinisekise ukuba ukuthanda kwabantu akubalwanga nje kuphela, kodwa kumelelwe ngenene.