Ulungelelwano lwamandla lumi njengenye yezona ntsika zihlala zihleli zolawulo lwedemokhrasi. Lulungiselelo lomgaqo-siseko nolusebenzisekayo oluhambisa igunya kumacala amaninzi okanye kumanqanaba karhulumente, luqinisekisa ukuba akukho mntu omnye, ingqwalaselo, okanye isiko linokuqokelela ulawulo olungathintelwayo. Ngaphandle kwale njongo, kwanobona basemaqondweni balungileyo banokutyhalela kwigunya, apho inkululeko nganye ityunyuzwa phantsi kobunzima bomyalelo ophakathi. Ukuqonda indlela olu mlinganiselo olusebenza ngayo imvelaphi, ubuchule behlabathi, izicelo zokwenene, kunye nezingalawulekiyo zexesha elikhoyo, zibalulekile kuye nabani na ofuna ukuqonda kungekuphela kwenzululwazi yezopoliti kodwa kwanezikhuseli zemihla ngemihla ezigcina idemo-demokhrasi zihleli.

Ukuqonda Ukulungelelana Kwamandla

Embindini wayo, ulungelelwano lwamandla yinkqubo yegunya esasazweyo elungiselelwe ukuthintela ukuxinzelelwano kobu rhulumente. Kwinkoliso yezolawulo-moya zale mihla, oku kuthetha ukwahlula urhulumente ube ngamasebe amathathu alinganayo: umphathi ophetheyo, olawula umthetho; indlu yowiso-mthetho, eyenza umthetho; kunye nejaji, etolika umthetho. Isebe ngalinye linikwe amandla ahlukileyo omgaqo-siseko, kwaye ngalinye linikwa izixhobo zokuthintela amanye. Esi sakhiwo sidla ngokuchazwa njengenkqubo yokuhlola nokulinganisela, apho amabhongo enzelwa ukulwa.

Ibinzana elithi “ukulingana kwamandla” lingasebenza kwakhona kwiinkqubo zolawulo lwamazwe, apho igunya labelwene phakathi koorhulumente abasembindini kunye nemimandla, okanye kulwalamano lwezizwe ngezizwe, apho amaphondo alungelelanisa ukunqanda nawuphi na uhlanga ukuba lungalawuli. Kodwa kwimeko yolawulo lwasekhaya, kukwahlulwa kwangaphakathi okuthi kuthintele ukuvela kolawulo lolawulo lobuzwilakhe. Intanda-bulumko ephantsi ilula: amandla kufuneka ahlulwe, alinganiselwe, kwaye abe necala. Xa elinye isebe lizama ukuhlasela, elinye linezisusa kunye negunya lomgaqo-siseko lokuzimisela.

Imvelaphi Yembali Yokulingana Kwamandla

Imvelaphi yolwamkelo lwamandla ibuyela emva kwiGrisi yamandulo neRoma, apho iingcali ezifana noPolybius zachaza umgaqo-siseko oxubeneyo wokudibanisa ubukumkani, izikhundla zolawulo oluphezulu, kunye nedemokhrasi. Kodwa ukwenziwa kwale nkqubo kwavela ngexesha lokhanyiso, eyona idumileyo emsebenzini kaBaron de Montesquieu. Kunyaka wakhe wewaka eli-1748 uqulu-siseko Umoya woMthetho odityanisiweyo [, Montesquieuths ukuphikisa ukuba inkululeko inokwenzeka kuphela xa “ulawulo luyekile.” Waphawula ukuba kumgaqo-siseko wesiNgesi, isigqweqe, i-gcontive, i-gconstice, kunye nemisebenzi yezomthetho-mthetho-mthetho wagcinwa wahlukene ngokwaneleyokunqanda ukunqanda ubuzwi.

Iingcamango zikaMontesquieu zahamba zinqumla iAtlantiki kwaye zawubumba ngokunzulu umGaqo-siseko wase-U.. uJames Madison, ebhala kuFederali No. 51, wafumana intsingiselo: “Ukuba abantu bebezizithunywa zezulu, bekungayi kubakho rhulumente oyimfuneko. Ukuba iingelosi bezingalawula abantu, hayi ulawulo lwangaphandle okanye lwangaphakathi kurhulumente belungayi kuba yimfuneko." Ngenxa yokuba abantu bengezozithunywa zezulu, uMgaqo-siseko wenzelwe ukunika isebe ngalinye iindlela zokuxhathisa ukungenelelana kwabanye. Lo mgaqo-mthetho ubungasetyenziswa, kwaye uphuculwe ziintlanga eziphila ihlabathi lonke.

Eminye imizekelo engokwembali iquka ukuxilonga kweRiphabliki yamaRoma phakathi kwee-console, iNdlu yeeNtlanganiso neendibano ezidumileyo; ukuma kwePalamente yaseBritani ngokuthe ngcembe ukugunya phezu kolawulo lolawulo lokumkani; kunye nolawulo lweBhunga elilawulayo leSwisss. Kwimeko nganye, injongo yayifana: ukuvelisa iingongoma ezibangela ukucingisisa, ukulalanisa, nokuvuma ngaphambi kokuba igunya lisetyenziswe.

Amasebe Amathathu: Iintsika Zedemokhrasi Yale Mihla

Ukwahlulwa okucwangcisiweyo kwamandla kuhlala kumasebe amathathu ahlukeneyo, ngalinye elineziqu zalo eziphambili kunye nophawu lwalo oluyinkqubo.

Isebe Elilawulayo

Isebe elilawulayo linembopheleleko yokuzalisekisa nokumisa imithetho. Ngokuqhelekileyo likhokelwa ngumongameli okanye umphathi-mikhosi, oncediswa ngamaqumrhu obucukubhede namasebe olawulo. Kwinkqubo zekomkhulu njenge-United States, umphathi ozimeleyo uzimele kwindlu yowiso-mthetho; kwiinkqubo zepalamente, umphathi olawulayo uphuma kwaye uhlala ekwindlu yowiso-mthetho. Amandla omphathi-mthetho aquka ukubeka umthetho, ukumisela imikhosi yezomkhosi, ukuqhuba inkqubo yamanye amazwe, nokumisela abagwebi namanye amagosa

Isebe Elisemthethweni

Indlu yowiso-mthetho liqumrhu lokwenza umthetho, eliyilwe ngabameli abanyuliweyo ukuvakalisa izilangazelelo zabantu. Kwinkqubo ze-bidamal, amagumbi amabini (njengendlu nendlu yendlu) anika ii-checks ezongezelelekileyo: elinye igumbi lingabonakalisa uluvo oluthandwayo, ngoxa elinye linikela igosa elingakumbi, imbono yengingqi yengingqi. Imisebenzi engundoqo yendlu yowiso-mthetho iquka ukudlulisa uqingqo-mali, ukugunyazisa inkcitho, ukuqinisekisa ukumiswa kwemibutho eliphetheyo, ukuqinisekisa izivumelwano zokuqinisekisa izivumelwano zobugcisa, kunye nokuphanda.

Isebe Eligwebayo

Ijaji ichaza imithetho kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba isetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye isoloko ikhona. Ijaji ezimeleyo lisiseko solungelelwano lwamandla. Iinkundla zinegunya lokuhlola ubulunga bomgaqo-siseko wezenzo zowiso-mthetho kunye nezenzo zegunya,(a amandla olawulo) okwaziwa njengohlolo-mthetho. Ngaphandle kwala mandla, amanye amasebe anokungawuhoyi umqathango womgaqo-siseko. Abagwebi bamiselwa ngokusesikweni ngenkqubo ebandakanya ulawulo oluphezulu nendlu yowiso-mthetho, kwaye banandipha ubomi obusisigxilo okanye iimfuno ezinde ukubukhusela uxinzelelo lwezobupolitika.

Ngeli xesha imodeli yemithathu yebranch ifana nesakhiwo esiqhelekileyo, umahluko okhoyo. Amanye amazwe aquka inkundla eyahlukeneyo yezomGaqo-siseko, ikhomishini ezimeleyo, okanye i-ombudsman ofisi. Ezinye zisebenzisa inkqubo yepalamente apho umphathi onegunya adityaniswa nendlu yowiso-mthetho, kodwa usaqhubeka ehlola indlu ephezulu eyomeleleyo, inkundla yezomgaqo-siseko, kunye nentloko yorhulumente enamandla okugcina izithuba.

Iingqikelelo Nolungelelwano Olusebenzayo

Iingqiniba kunye nomlinganiselo zinkqubo ezisebenzayo ezenza ukwahlula amandla kuphumelele. Isebe ngalinye linezixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokuqwalasela, zokunciphisa, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, liwakhuphe amanye amasebe.

Isigqeba selizwe sikhangela

  • Amandla e-VEto: Umongameli okanye intloko yombuso angala ukutyikitya umthetho odluliswe yindlu yowiso-mthetho, enyanzelisa ukuba i-major ephezulu ilawule iveto.
  • Amandla eSindululo: Igunya eliphetheyo libeka abagwebi, amalungu ekhabhinethi, ii-arhente, namanye amagosa aphezulu abeka izikhundla, phantsi koqinisekiso lowiso-mthetho.
  • Amandla eProton: Igunya eliphetheyo linganyusa izivakalisi okanye lixolele abantu, linika uvavanyo kwizigqibo zolwaphulo-mthetho.
  • Igunya eliyintloko loMyalelo: Umphathi ukhokela umkhosi, kodwa kuphela indlu yowiso-mthetho ekwaziyo ukubhengeza imfazwe nokuxhasa imikhosi exhobileyo.

IiNkqutyana zoMgaqo-siseko

  • [[Umthetho:0] Ukuqulunqa nokususwa: Indlu yowiso-mthetho ingazisa izityholo kubaphathi abalawulayo nakubaphathi bomthetho ngenxa yokuvukela, ukunyoba, okanye ezinye izenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho eziphezulu kunye nokungagqibeleli.
  • Isiqinisekiso nemvume: Indlu yesenate okanye ephezulu kufuneka ivumele ukubekwa kwequmrhu eliyintloko kunye nezivumelwano.
  • [[UMTL:0] ulawulo lodanyazo: Kuphela indlu yowiso-mthetho enokuyifanele imali, ithintele oko unokukuchitha umlawuli.
  • [[UMTHETHO: 0] Ukuva: Iikomiti ziphanda izenzo zempatho-mandla, zifuna amaxwebhu, kunye namangqina okubiza.
  • [[UMTL:0] Ikhompathimenti iyakwazi ukudlula kwakhona ityala elidityanisiweyo elinee-3 ezimbini uninzi lwamagumbi omabini.

IiNkcukacha zoMgwebo

  • [[UMTL: 0] Uhlolo lwenkonzo: Iinkundla zingabetha imithetho okanye izenzo zolawulo ezichasene nomgaqo-siseko.
  • Ufako lomthetho: Iinkundla zichaza intsingiselo yemithetho, zimisela umda indlela ulawulo oluzinyanzelisa ngayo.
  • [[UMTL:0] Amandla okungangeni: Iinkundla zingakhupha imiyalelo evala izenzo zobugxwayiba zikarhulumente de kube kukuvakala ngokupheleleyo.

Ezi nzame azinanto zithethwayo; ziyasetyenziswa rhoqo. Umzekelo, xa umongameli wase-U.S. ekhupha umyalelo ongaphezulu kwegunya lomthetho, iinkundla zikarhulumente zisoloko ziwuyalela. Xa indlu yowiso-mthetho ingavumi ukuqinisekisa ukuba abalawuli, umphathi-mthetho kufuneka athethe okanye arhoxe kukhetho lwakhe. Xa iinkundla zichaza imimiselo ngeendlela imigaqo engavumelaniyo nayo, imithetho emitsha inokudluliselwa ukuze kucaciswe injongo yayo. Le nkqubo yenzelwe ukuba icothe kwaye ingabi ncam ngoko ke, ukuze kunqandwe ingxamko okanye isenzo sobuzwila.

Isizathu Sokuba Ulungelelwano Lubekho: Ukuthintela Ubuchule

Kuvela ulawulo xa urhulumente eba ngumchasi-mthetho, engekho mthethweni, kwaye ecinezela. Kunokuthatha iindlela ezininzi: umlawuli otyumzayo ukungavumelani, indlu yowiso-mthetho etshutshisa amancinane, okanye ijaji engathintelekiyo enyanzelisa ukuthanda kwayo. Ukulungelelanisa kwamandla ngokuchasene nezi meko nganye kwezi ziganeko kusetyenziswa iindlela ezintathu zokuzikhusela.

Ukukhuthaza ukuphendula

Xa igunya linikeziwe, akukho mntu unokubiza umlawuli ukuba aphendule. Inkqubo elungeleleneyo iqinisekisa ukuba isebe ngalinye lifanele lihlolwe ngabanye. Indlu yowiso-mthetho ingaphanda ukuziphatha okubi komphathi-mthetho; iinkundla zinganyanzela umphathi ukuba alandele umthetho; umphathi ophetheyo angabhenca ukunganyaniseki kwemithetho ngemiyalezo ye-veto kunye nezibongozo zikawonke-wonke. Oku kuvelelana kudala isithethe somthetho nesobutyala bezobupolitika.

Ukukhusela Amalungelo Omntu Ngamnye

Urhulumente onobuzwilakhe ucinezela inkululeko esisiseko(speech, indibano, unqulo, inkqubo efunekayo, amalungelo empahla. Ulungelelwano lwamandla lukhusela la malungelo ngokwenza kube nzima naliphi na isebe ukumisela amanyathelo okucinezela. Nokuba indlu yowiso-mthetho ekhupha umthetho okhululayo, iinkundla zingayivakalisa njengengavumelaniyo nemithetho esesikweni. Nokuba umtshutshisi okhutheleyo uhlasela abachasi bezobupolitika, abagwebi abazimeleyo bangalikhupha elo tyala. Ukwahlulwa kwamagunya kungamagunya njengekhusi amalungelo amancinane ngokuchasene nezininzi.

Ukhuthazo Olukhuthazayo Nokulalanisa

UTyranny usoloko ephuma kurhulumente onokuthi wenze into ngaphandle kwesizathu kwaye ngokukhawuleza. Ulungelelwano lwamandla. Igunya alinakuyisebenzisa imali ngaphandle kogunyaziso lomthetho; indlu yowiso-mthetho ayinakunyanzelisa imithetho yalo ngaphandle kwentsebenziswano yegunya elilawulayo; ijaji ayinakuyinyanzela ibheri. Le mithetho inyanzela ukuxoxa, ulwakhiwo-luko, kunye nokulalanisa.

Imbali ibonisa ukuba amazwe anokuxilonga nokulingana awanakukwazi ukuhla angene kwigunya eliphantsi. Amazwe awenza buthathaka okanye aphelise ezi khuseleko ```ngokupakisha inkundla, imimiselo elawulayo, okanye ulawulo olunye') asoloko ezisola ngokulahleka kwenkululeko elandelayo.

Uhlolisiso Lwemeko: Ukulungelelana Kwamandla Ehlabathi

Ngoxa ukwahlulwa kwamagunya kuyinto efunwa ngabantu bonke, ukuphunyezwa kwawo kuyahluka-hluka ngokubanzi.

IUnited States

UMgaqo-siseko wase-U.S. ungumzekelo obalaseleyo wenkqubo yobumongameli enokwahlulwa okunamandla kwamagunya. Umongameli, iKhonkqulo, kunye neNkundla ePhakamileyo nganye ichaze iindima namagunya angenawo. Ngokomzekelo, umongameli umisa amatyala eNkundla Ephakamileyo, kodwa iNdlu yeNkulumbuso kufuneka iwaqinisekise. IBhunga liyakwazi ukuquququzelela umongameli, kodwa iJaji eyintloko ilawula ukuvavanywa. INkundla ePhakamileyo ingayibetha imithetho karhulumente neyo yaseburhulumenteni, kodwa iNkundleko iyakwazi ukuphelisa umGaqo-siseko. Le nkqubo isenokusinda ngaphezu kweenkulungwane ezimbini, nangona ijongene mandla amakhulu ekuhlazisweni kwezobupolitika kunye nokugqwenga kwe-Ampla. IBhunga loPropolalmentercel inikela uxwebhu olubanzi kwindlela ezisebenza ngayo ezi nceleleko.

I-Jamani

ISizelo soMthetho (Grundegesetz) yeJamani idala inkqubo yepalamente ekhusela ngamandla ukuze ilungelelane namandla. IChancellor inyulwa yi-Bundestag (indlu engezantsi) kwaye inokususwa kuphela ngevoti eyakhayo yokungathembani . kwaye inkqubo yezobupolitika edibanisa igunya phakathi korhulumente wesizwe nowe-16 Länder (umgaqo), idibanisa ulwahlulo oluthe nkqo kwigunya elithe tyaba lamagunya eBoundesfesséngricht.

I-India

IIndiya yidemokhrasi enkulu ehlabathini kwaye ilandela inkqubo yepalamente yaseWestminster. UMongameli yintloko yomgaqo-siseko karhulumente, ngelixa uMphathiswa kunye neBhunga labaPhathiswa besebenzisa igunya eliphezulu. IPalamente yaseIndiya iquzelelwa yiLok Sabba (indlu ephakamileyo) kunye neRajeya Sabba (indlu ephezulu). INkundla ePhakamileyo yaseIndiya inamandla okuhlola ikomiti yomthetho kwaye ingenza imithetho echaphazelekayo eqinisekisiweyo yimithetho esisiseko eqinisekiswe nguMgaqo-siseko. I-nxaxheba ezimeleyo eqinisekisa ukuba unyulo luluvo olukhululekileyo (iiiiiiiiii---av) kunye nokuhlola okungagwetyelwayo. Noko ke, abagxeki abachani baphawula ukuba kwiminyaka yakutshanje igunya likarhulumente kwimpembelelo kumaqela owezomthetho namanye amazwe.

I-France

IRiphabliki yesihlanu yeFransi idibanisa iimpawu zomongameli kunye nepalamente kwinkqubo “yobukho bemithetho-siseko". UMongameli unyulwa ngqo kwaye unegunya elipheleleyo, kuquka igunya lokuphelisa iNdibano yeSizwe nokubiza i-arhente. UMphathi-mikhosi, omiselwe nguMongameli, ujongene nemithetho yendlu yowiso-mthetho. IBhunga loMgaqo-siseko lihlola imithetho yemithetho-siseko ngaphambi kokuba ikhululwe. Le mfaniso ye-projekthi izimisele ukudibanisa uzinzo kunye nokuziphendulela, kodwa ikwabeka engozini ulawulo lweziphathiswa xa iqela lilawula iNdibano. Ngexesha “indawo ehlala kuyo i-yo" (xa uMongameli noMphathi-Ondunankulu uvela kumaqela aphikisanayo), umlinganiselo obuyela emva kwindlu yowiso-mthetho-mthetho.

Eminye imizekelo ephawulekayo iquka inkqubo yepalamente yaseKhanada kunye neNdlu yeNtlanganiso emiselweyo, umgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika odala amaphondo asithoba kunye neNkundla eyomeleleyo yomGaqo-siseko, kunye nenkqubo yomongameli waseBrazil enamagunya amakhulu okuphatha imithetho. Nganye ibonisa ukuba ulungelelwaniso lwamandla kufuneka luvisisane nobume belizwe, inkcubeko yezobupolitika, kunye negunya lezikomyuwa.

Izisongelo Zale Mihla Zibangela Ukuba Anikwe Amandla Alinganayo

Phezu kwako nje ukuxabiseka kwalo okungqinelweyo, ulungelelwano lwamandla luhlaselwa kulawulo - melo oluninzi namhlanje.

Ukufikelela okungaphezulu kunye namandla exesha likaxakeka

Ngamaxesha engxaki ````ipondemic', ubugrogrisi, ukuwa kwezoqoqosho, ukuxinaniswa kwezoqoqosho-----asel kusoloko kuhendwa ukuba kugqithwe kwii-checks eziqhelekileyo egameni lesantya nokugqibelela. Bangakhupha imiyalelo yesebe elilawulayo ekwaziyo ukuphinda ibhale imithetho, ivakalise iingozi zokuvula amandla angaqhelekanga, okanye ingavumi ukuhambisana nee-painpona. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, olu lwando lokwexeshana lungahlala luhleli ukuba lungachaswa ziinkundla neendlu zowiso-mthetho.

Ukwenziwa Kwenkcazelo Yezobupolitika Nokuxinana

Xa amaqela ezobupolitika ehlukene kakhulu, uhlolo nolungelelwano olumiselwe ukukhuthaza ulwalaniso endaweni yokuvelisa ukungasebenzi. Indlu yowiso-mthetho ingala ukuqinisekisa ukumiswa kwamadinga, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni kuthathelwe indawo kwijaji kunye nesebe eliphetheyo. Uqingqo-mali lungangasetyenziswa, luvale urhulumente. Oku kuthoba uvukelo lukawonke-wonke kwimibutho yedemokhrasi kwaye kubangela ukuba kubekho imfuneko yokhokelo olunamandla, ngokuyintsimbi icutheza ukwahlukana kwamandla okuthintela ingcinezelo.

Ukugwetywa Kwenkululeko Yezogwebo

Ijaji ezimeleyo ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni imiqathango emiselwe ngumGaqo-siseko. Kodwa kumazwe amaninzi, abalawuli baye bafuna ukubeka iinkundla kwiinkundla zabalawuli abanyanisekileyo, abagwebi abachasayo abalawula ngokuchasene nabo, okanye iinkundla ezilawulayo kwimicimbi ethile. Kwanakwimimandla emiselweyo yedemokhrasi, inkqubo yokutyumba iye yathotyelwa, iphelisa ukuthembana kwabantu ngokubanzi ekugwebeni.

Urhwaphilizo Nolawulo Lomxhasi

Xa abalawuli besebenzisa amandla abo ukuze batyebise abantu okanye bavuze intlawulo, umlinganiselo wamandla uyawohloka. Ukunyoba, ukurhwebelana, kunye nokukrazula kuguqula ii-checks zibe zizitembu zerabha. Amaziko azimeleyo achasene nokunganyaniseki kunye nezixhobo zokuzikhusela ezinamandla zokukhupha impempe zibalulekile, kodwa wona ngokwawo afuna inkxaso yemithetho kunye negunya elilawulayo ekusebenzeni.

Usetyenziso lolwazi

Amaphulo okungavumelani, ukufunyanwa kwenkcazelo, ukusetyenziswa kwenkcazelo esasazwayo, kunye ne-intanethi kungaphembelela uluvo lukawonke-wonke kunye nokukhusela oorhulumente ekuphenduleni ityala. Iphephandaba elingahlawulwayo lidla ngokubizwa ngokuba “lisebe lesine” likarhulumente kuba lihlola amandla ngokuchanabeka. Xa ushicilelo lucinezelwe okanye lulawulwa, olunye uvavanyo olubalulekileyo lwangaphandle luyaphela.

Ukulondoloza Ukulungelelana Kwamandla

Ukuze ugcine umlinganiselo wegunya kufuneka umgudu oqhubekayo kubemi, kumaziko nakumaqabane amazwe ngamazwe.

Ingqibelelo yomGaqo-siseko nemfundo yeKhabhini

Amaxwebhu asungulweyo esizwe kufuneka achaze indlela ecacileyo yokulungisa uxolo.

Uluntu oluzimeleyo loondaba noosomashishini

Ijelo leendaba elinamandla eliphanda ngezenzo zobungendawo zikarhulumente lize lihlasele amazwi aphikisanayo luvavanyo olubalulekileyo lwangaphandle. Iintlangano ezingengorhulumente zingabhala iinkundla, iphulo lotshintsho, kunye nokhetho. Xa le mikhosi isebenzisana .

Utshintsho Olusemthethweni

Izixhobo ezifana nemiyalelo emiselweyo yabagwebi, iikhomishini zokumisa engeyoyandlula-majoni, kunye neembono ezigunyazisayo ngomgaqo-siseko zingaqinisa ukuzimela komthetho-siseko. Imithetho ingamisela imithetho ekhusela amalungelo eqela elincinane, ifuna imikhosi emikhulu kwizenzo ezithile, kwaye igunyaze iirejista zokutshona kwelanga kumagunya ongxamiseko. Inkqubo yolawulo isebenza ngendlela enyanzela ukuba amaziko alandele ulawulo lukawonke wonke nomthetho wokwenza ulawulo lwamaqela amancinane.

Ingcinezelo Yamazwe Ngamazwe Neenkqubo Zasendle

Amazwe alawulwa ngedemokhrasi nemibutho yezizwe ngezizwe ingaxhasa ulungelelwano lwamandla kwamanye amazwe ngonxibelelwano, uncedo olunxulumene nokhuseleko olumanyeneyo, kunye nesiqinisekiso sokhuseleko esimanyeneyo. Amaqumrhu afana neKomishini yeVenice yeBhunga laseYurophu anika iimbono ezingokwingcali kwimithetho yomGaqo-siseko. Ngoxa ulawulo kufuneka luhlonelwe, izithethe ezicacileyo ezichasene nolwanyaniso lwamandla zingathintela ukuphambuka kwecala.

Umlo wokulondoloza ukhangelo nolungelelwano awupheli. Isizukulwana ngasinye kufuneka siphinde siqale siqale sifake iingozi zamandla ajolisekileyo kwaye siphinde sivume ukujoliswe kwinkqubo ephazamisayo yolawulo lwedemokhrasi.

Isiphelo

Ulungelelwano lwamandla asiyongcamango engekho ngqiqweni; lilungiselelo lokuphila, elisebenzayo elikhusela inkululeko yabantu. Ukusuka kwiiholo ze-Capitol yase-United States ukuya kumagumbi eNkundla ePhakamileyo yase-Indiya, ukusuka kwiBoundestag eBerlin ukuya eBrasília’s Palácio do Planalto, umgaqo wokuba amandla amele ahlole amandla ahlala esona sikhuselo sithembekileyo ekulweni nolawulo olunzima. Democraciess usebenza xa kungekho sebe liphela lilawula, xa iinkokeli zimele zithethe ngoohayi, xa iinkundla zisithi hayi, kwaye xa abemi benokuthi umele baphendule bonke abantu. Ukuqonda oku kulingana kwemali yenkululeko, kwaye ukukhusela ixabiso lenkululeko.