Ukwazisa: Ukulungelelana Okunyamezelayo Phakathi Kwenkululeko Yamakhaya Nokhuseleko Loluntu

Ulwalamano phakathi kwamalungelo abantu kunye nokugcinwa komthetho yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwibutho lamaMerika. Luhlala ekudibaneni kwemigaqo-siseko yokhuseleko nomsebenzi karhulumente ukugcina ucwangco. Kubafundisi-lwazi, abafundi, kunye nabemi, ukuqonda oku kudibene kubalulekile ekuqondeni indlela ilizwe eliye laguquka ngayo nakuyo nakuphi na apho lisaqhubeka lijamelene. Umbuzo ongundoqo ushiyeka: ukunyanzeliswa komthetho kunokuwakhusela njani amaqela ngaphandle kokuphelisa inkululeko eqinisekiswe ngumGaqo-siseko? Lo mbuzo uye waphikiswa ukususela ekusungulweni kweRiphabliki, ekuqhubekeni kwengxoxo yemithetho yezomthetho, ukubhiyo, nokusasakuba kusekho apho kusaqhubeka khona.

Amalungelo abantu asekuhlaleni — amalungelo abantu okufumana ukuphathwa ngokulinganayo phantsi komthetho — aweminye imida. Aye ancitshiswa, akhuliswa, yaye ngamanye amaxesha ancitshiswa ngomthetho, izigqibo zomthetho, nemibutho yentlalo. Umthetho wonyanzelo, ngokunjalo, uye wavumelana , ngamanye amaxesha, ngokuthandabuza, okanye ngokulula, kwaye ezi nguqu. Ukusukela kwixesha lobukhoboka kwimibutho yanamhlanje emnyama, lo mzekelo uye waba ngomnye wemzabalazo eziqhubekayo nenkqubela phambili. Eli nqaku lihlolisisa iingcambulo zembali, imigaqo engundoqo, imingeni engokomthetho yangoku, kunye nemigaqo yexesha elizayo enokwenzeka yolo lwalamano, inika ushwankathelo olubanzi kwabo bafuna ukuqonda umxholo ongundoqo kumava aseMelika.

Imeko Engokwembali: Ukususela Kwixesha Lokufumana Amalungelo Asekuhlaleni

Isiseko somGaqo-siseko kunye nonyanzelo lwangaphambili

[. UMGaqo-siseko kunye nemithetho egqithisiweyo] ye- yamisela isiseko senkululeko nganye eyathi kamva yaba lityala lamalungelo abantu. Eyesihlanu, EyeSihlanu, neyoMqulu-Nyaka Enye ithetha ngokungqalileyo ngegunya kunye nemida emiselwe umthetho, ekhusela ukuphenjelelwa okungekho ngqiqweni, ukuphenjelelwa kokuzingcisa, ukusetyenziswa kwemali okanye ibhethsa. Noko ke, ezi zikhuseli zasetyenziswa kurhulumente worhulumente wongawodwa yaye zatyeshelwa kakhulu kuMzantsi, apho “iincando zobukhoboka” ngokuqhelekileyo uhlobo lokuqala lokusebenza kwemibutho kwemiqathango. [[FT] [5] [5]

Intshukumo Yokuzikhusela Nokwakhiwa Kwayo

Umbutho wokuphelisa imfazwe wenkulungwane ye-19 waba lucelomngeni lokuqala oluphambili kulwalamano phakathi komthetho kunye namalungelo abantu. Abaququzeleli baphikisa ngelithi uMthetho we-Fugitive Slave ngo1850 wanyanzela ukuba umthetho unyanzele ukuba ulwelo lokuthunjwa kwabantu abakhululekileyo nabamnyama kunye nokubuya kwamakhoboka, ukwaphulwa okucacileyo kwamalungelo emvelo. Emva kwemfazwe yeNoval, i-flution yakubona ukudlula kwe- Amalungelo e-196[FLT] kunye nomthetho onyanzeliswayo eMazantsi eMzantsi Afrika, i-EEExplotrystion of 1870-71 [[181], eyayiyilelwe ukukhusela amadoda ekukhutshweni ngugonyamelo olukhutshwe yiKlu Klan kunye namanye amaqela amhlophe. [iProvinit] kunye noothelela uGenethi lwe-Greastlveast, kodwa i-Foffnert wit, i-Fod syncl.[

IMbutho yaMalungelo aMagunya aBantwana yaNgoku (1950s-1960)

Umbutho wamalungelo oluntu wombindi wenkulungwane yama-20 ngokusisiseko walungisa ulwalamano phakathi kwabemi kunye namapolisa. Iinkokeli ezifana uMarin Luther King Jr. kunye nemibutho enjenge [[FLT]] PNP[[FLT]][[FLT]] [[FLT]] isebenzisa uqhankcaso olungenabudlongo olunobudlongophaza bokuba nengqhinga ukubhebheja ukubheja ingxuza ingqwanga umthetho. [[FLT][10] [ngamandla] Imeko ye-FOT] isetyenziswa ngu-Moffiggggggg [[5] kunye nokuxhobisa amaxhoba angoonobugovu, i-oful'ipheka , i-AfulF] ukunyuka kwemizandla ye-ogroyi ye-ogggneast [[10] ukunyuka kwemin, i-ogg.[10] kwaye i-all

Umthetho Oyintloko: Imithetho Ekhusela Amapolisa

Imithetho emininzi ephawulekayo iye yachaza imida esemthethweni emele isetyenziswe yiyo.

UMthetho wamaLungelo ka-1964

UMthetho wamaLungelo ka1942 mhlawumbi nguwona mthetho wamalungelo abantu obalulekileyo kwimbali yaseMelika. Isihloko VI silwalela ucalucalulo ngokwezizizinzi zohlanga, umbala, okanye imvelaphi yesizwe ngeenkqubo ezifumana uncedo lwemali karhulumente olufumana intlawulo karhulumente. Eli lungiselelo livumela iSebe leSizwe loLuntu ukuba lihlole lize lisiphelise imisebenzi yamapolisa esemthethweni. Isihloko se- VII siyalwalela ukuqeshwa, sichaphazela ukuqeshwa nokukhutshwa kwamaziko agunyazisa umthetho. Kwakhona umsebenzi unika urhulumente worhulumente worhulumente ukuba angenelele kwiimeko zokungahambisi kakuhle, umisela umzekelo wotshintsho kamva.

ISivumelwano saMalungelo sowe-1965

Nangona injongo ephambili yokususa imiqobo yokuvota − njengovavanyo lokuhlola ukuvota kunye nerhafu yokuvota − uMthetho wamaLungelo wokuqinisekisa ukwenziwa ngandlela-thile ka-1965. Amapolisa asoloko ehlupha aza abamba abavoti abamnyama kwiindawo zokuvota; umsebenzi ogunyazi abagunyazi begunyaziswe ngurhulumente ukubhalisa abavoti kunye nabaqwali-mthetho ukuba baqwalasele unyulo. Icandelo 5 lifuna amaphondo athile anembali ekwahlulelwa ucalulo ukuze afumane “ngaphambi kwelo-" kwiSebe lobulungisa phambi kokutshintsha imithetho yokuvota. Ngexesha [[FLT] Shelby County. Varever[FLD [203] [2011:]) lasenza isigqibo sokuchola ucatshulo, umthetho uhlala umgaqo womthetho olungele ukungenelwa komthetho womthetho womthetho womthetho wobulungisa.

Imithetho Yobulungisa Yezindlu yowe - 1968

Umthetho ogunyazisiweyo ekubulaweni kukaGqr. uKumkani, uMthetho weFair Houses ka-1968 uyalwalela ucalucalulo kwizindlu. Kulo Mthetho, le mibandela ngenxa yokuba ithetha ngokungqalileyo ngokuhlaliswa kwabantu, okudibeneyo nenkqubo yamapolisa. Abamelwane abahlala ngokweentlobo zobupolitiki babonakala ukuba banamava obunzima nobungqongqo bomthetho, intengiso lwamalungelo abantu luyimo yedeli yedeli ye-discrinariotio politive. ISebe leMithetho yeJaji lisebenzise i-Fair Hoaless Act ukuvavanyanisa imithetho yemithetho yokuhlala ebhekisa kubuhlwempu kwaye ikhokelela kuluntu oluncinane.

Ulawulo Lolwaphulo - mthetho Olunogonyamelo Nomthetho Onyanzelwayo Ngo - 1994

Nangona ingenguwo umthetho wamalungelo abantu, lo mthetho uninzi wawuquka ilungiselelo elaziwa njenge 141, elagunyazisa iSebe leJaji ukuba liphande lize lingenise amasebe asekuhlaleni amapolisa ngemilinganiso okanye izenzo zokunganyaniseki. Oku kwakhokelela kwintabalala “yomthetho evumelaniyo” kunye namaqumrhu aneengxaki, njenge iSebe lamapolisa e-Literangle [ emva kwehlazo leRampartum kunye neSebe labaPhathisi elitsha labaPhathi-Progrisi [ emva kweNgqula kaKatrina]. Le mimiselo imisela iNkuhlela ulungiso, kuquka ukuqokelelwa kogcino-lwazi olungcono, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemiqathangoolawulo loluntu.

IGosa eliBalulekileyo (2021)

Nangona eli tyala layidlulisa iNdlu yabameli izihlandlo ezininzi kodwa lathintelwa kwiBhunga leNdlu yeeNtlanganiso, limela ilinge lakutshanje lokuqinisekisa ukukhuselwa kwamalungelo abantu e-ofisi. Amalungiselelo alo aquka ukuvalwa kwemiqathango, ukupheliswa kokhuseleko lwamagosa, ukupheliswa kokhuseleko olufanelekileyo lwesizwe lokuziphatha okubi kwamapolisa, nokufuna ukusetyenziswa kwekhamera yequmrhu. Ingxoxo yezopolitiko ejikeleze lo mthetho ibonisa uxinezelelelo oluqhubekayo phakathi kokukhusela ukhuseleko lukawonke-wonke nokukhusela amalungelo abantu.

Izenzo zokunyanzelisa umthetho: Iimodeli nomatshini

UMthetho weSizwe

uphando lwamapolisa olunento yokwenza noluntu lubonisa ukuba xa luphunyezwe kakuhle, uluntu luphucula ukuqonda kwabantu ngamapolisa kwaye lunganciphisa ulwaphulo-mthetho ngaphandle kokubanjwa kwabantu abanombala. Umzekelo, i-Camn County County Officened jointment, kunye notshintsho kubemi bephondo. Uhlolisiso lubonisa ukuba xa luphucuthwe kakuhle, ulawulo lwamapolisa luphucula indlela yoluntu kwaye lunganyusa ulwaphulo-mthetho ngaphandle kokwandisa ukuvalelwa kwabantu bemibala. Umzekelo, Isebe lamaPolitiki eliseluntwini [ eNew Jersey] belinye lathiwa emva kokususa amandla awo angaphambili; ngoku lujolise imbonakalo kwiinyawo, ukubonakala okuphawulekayo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-enjiweyo.

Ukusetyenziswa kobundlobongela bomkhosi kunye nonyuko

Ukusetyenziswa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yokunyanzela kuye kwaba yindawo ebanzi kwingxoxo yamalungelo abantu. International poselty Association of Shills of Police yavelisa “umsebenzi onyanzelekileyo wenkqubela-phambili” okhuthaza abaphathi ukuba basebenzise amandla aphantsi afunekayo, kodwa amasebe ngamanye ayahluka kakhulu. Emva kokufa kukaMichael Brown e Ferguson, Missouri, i umkhosi womsebenzi womkhosi ku 21 Century Policialcialism wancomela ukuba bonke abameli bamkele imithetho efuna ukuhlaliswa kwe-ooonyuso, abathintela abalawuli nabasebenzi, kwaye bafuna ukungenelela xa umntu osebenza kunye noomsebenzi besebenzisa amandla agqithisileyo. Njenge Washington i-costal.

Uqeqesho Nemfundo

Uqeqesho lokunyanzelisa umthetho lwangoku luquka iimodyuli zamalungelo abantu, ucalucalulo olupheleleyo, kunye nokhuphiswano lwenkcubeko. Uphando lwe-Prolice Profectical Profector Forum (PERF)[FF ] luye lwakhokela imigudu yokudibanisa umthetho owenziwe ngokweprocedual ment, ingcamango yokuba abantu banokuba banokuwuthobela umthetho ukuba bavakalelwa kukuba baphathwe kakuhle. Noko ke, ubunjani nobude boqeqesho buyahluka kakhulu. Amanye amasebe afuna iiyure ezingamakhulu ambalwa, ngelixa linye elifuna ukuba lifumane iwaka. Abaxhasi bamalungelo asekuhlaleni bamanye amalungelo eenkqubo esizwe baphikisa ukuchasana okulingana nomgangatho, imilinganiselo yesihlanu, yesihlanu, kunye neyoweshumi elinesine, kunye neshumi elinesine lama-esine enkqubo enkqubo enkqubo enziwe ngokulandeleyo.

Ubuxhakaxhaka kunye neekhamera zomzimba

Ukwanda kweekhamera zomzimba kumela utshintsho olubalulekileyo ekuqiqeni komthetho. Emva konyaka ka-2014 woqhankqalazo e Ferguson, amasebe amaninzi awamkelekileyo ukuze abhale intsebenziswano. Uphando olukhoyo lwe- lubonisa ukuba iikhamera zinciphisa izikhalazo zombini ngokuchasene nabaphathi kunye nokusebenzisa abaphathi. Noko ke, imicimbi yezobuqu ishiyekile: olawula inyawo, ukuba lude kangakanani, kwaye nokuba i-software yobuso ekhokelwayo isetyenziswa onke amalungelo oluntu. [[FLT:] FLT] FM FM] icebisa ukuba i-ALTY] kunye [FFLT:]

Iimbambano Zexesha Elidluleyo: Iingxaki Ezihlala Zikho Neentsomi Ezintsha

Ukunyelisa Ubuhlanga

[[FLT: 0]] Ukusetyenziswa kobulungisa[[FLT:]] [uqheliselo lokumisa, lokukhangela, okanye lokubamba abantu abasekelwe kuhlanga okanye kubuhlanga kunokuba kungqinelwe (__ukugwetywa ngokubanzi yimibutho yamalungelo abantu. Ugcino-lwazi olusuka kwi [[[FLT:]]] Breaudia amanani eJaji [[FLT: 3]]] lubonisa rhoqo ukuba abaqhubi abamnyama namaSpeni badla ngokumiswa ngamapolisa kwaye bafumane amandla ngexesha lokumisa abaqhubi abamhlophe kunaxa behamba ngezambuku, kwanaxa ulawulo lwezaphuli-mthetho. [[[FLTLT:]]] Izenzo zobuhlanga zobuhlanga ziveliswe kumaxesha amaninzi kodwa azidlulangadlulanga. Uninzi, kuquka i-Texas, i-Ceylyn, i-offian, i-ographics, i-ographic i-thectionction, i-mongleectional i-thection, i-mocrial ad

Ulwaphulo-mthetho

Izinga lezenzo zenkohlakalo [[FLT: 0] imodeli yenkohlakalo iyaqhubeka ibangela uvuthano lwesizwe. Ukufa kukaGeorge Floyd, Breonna Taylor, uEliya McClain, kunye nabanye abaninzi baye bakhokelela ekuvukeleni nasekuvuselelweni okubanzi nasekufuneni utshintsho. Umba ongundoqo yi- eqinileyo [[FLT:] iNgxongo yokhuselo], imfundiso esemthethweni ekhusela abaphathi kwiimpahla zamakhaya ngaphandle kokuba “babe bawuye bawuchasa umthetho. Iinkundla ziye zawagxotha amatyala amaninzi kwesi siseko, kwana xa abaphathi besenza ngokungenangqondo. [[FLT:] [[FLT]] Imali esemthethweni[FLT] kunye namanye amalungelo esizwe abizwa ukuba alungele ukuhlenga okanye alungele ukupheliswa.

Ukusetyenziswa Kwamapolisa

[[FLT: 0] Izixhobo zamapolisa zibhekiselele ekufumaneni izixhobo zomkhosi, izithuthi ezixhobisayo, iziqhushumbisi, iimbumbulu, ii-M-16 zompu, kunye nokuhlola i-drones, rhoqo kwiinkqubo ze-Pentagon ezithengekileyo ezifana ne [[[FLT:]] 1033] Inkqubo. Abaxhasi bamakhaya baphikisa ukuba le zixhobo yenza amapolisa abonakale njengamajoni ahlala kwimikhosi kunabakhuseli bebutho, kwaye nokusetyenziswa kwazo okungekho mfuneko. Ukusetyenziswa kwemiqathango [[FLT] [FL:]-no-'.[FLTLD:5], ezivumela abaphathi ukuba bangene ngaphandle kokuzibhengeza, bagxekwe nasemva kokufa kwe-BYYYYYM.[6]

Imfundo Nento Efihlakeleyo

I-potoliki yanamhlanje ixhomekeke kakhulu kubugcisa: abafundi bepleyiti yelayisensi ezizenzekelayo, iimfaniso zeseli (ii-Stingray) kunye neenkqubo zokwazi ubuso. Ngoxa ezi zixhobo zinokunceda ekucombululeni ulwaphulo-mthetho, zikwanyusa amaxhala eSine Solawulo-Mbembo. Inkundla yeNkundla yeNkqutyana ye-[ yalawula kwi-[FLT]] i-Cerbert v. United States[[FLT] [[FLT]] [20] [20]) ifuna isiqinisekiso sokufumana iirekhodi zeselfowuni, iqonda ixesha lokuqala lokuba umntu alindele ukuba abe we-imfihlolo. Kodwa imibutho emininzi iyaqhubeka isebenzisa ukuqwalaselwa ngaphandle kolwalathiso olucacileyo, kunye nokuboniswa kobugcisa obuchanile ekubonakaliseni abantu, ukukhonjiswa kombala olungileyo.

Uhlolisiso Lwetyala: Iimpazamo Ezinyanzelisa Utshintsho

UKumkani uRodney (1991)

Ukubethwa kukaRodney King ngamapolisa aseLos Angeles, awabanjwa kwividiyo encinane, othusa elo lizwe. Ukuvalwa kwetyala kwamagosa kwabangela izibheno zeLos Angeles, esinye sezodubeko zamakhaya ezimandundu kwimbali yaseMerika. Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni waphendula ngokumangalela amagosa amalungelo abantu, okuphumela kwiinguqu ezimbini. Ityala lakhokelela kwiinguqu eziphawulekayo kwi-LAPD, kuquka ukwamkelwa kwemithetho yasekuhlaleni, ukusebenzisa izichasi-zinguquko ze-onkquluntele, kunye nokudalwa komthetho wokuzimela ngokwamampuku. Kwabala kwakhona kwabala ukubaluleka kobungqina bokuphendula kwamapolisa ngetyala, nto leyo eya kugxininiswa kumashumi eminyaka kamva ngokuvela kweekhamera zecell photoms kunye neekhamera zekhompyutha.

IPuguson Protests (2014

Ukudubula kwengxelo kaMichael Brown ngumphathi womthetho uDarren Wilson e-Forson, Missouri, kunye nesigqibo esiphezulu esalandelayo sokuchophela isigwebo sokungadibi uWilson, kwabangela ukuqhankqalaza okuthatha iinyanga. Ingxelo yeJaji yeJaji eyalandelayo yatyhila umlinganiselo wenkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho womthetho wolwaphulo-mthetho: iSebe lamapolisa lase-Profelibe belisebenzisa iitrafiki zemoto kwaye lisebenzisa imali njengemvelaphi yengeniso, ihlasela abemi bamnyama ngokugqithisileyo. Kwakhona ingxelo yaphawula ukuchasana nohlanga kwinkqubo karhulumente. UGromesonson-otel wavelisa umthetho wokulawula umthetho. Oku kukhokelela ekudalweni komthetho womthetho wolawulo lwe-ogconftware ye-Fornionsworkson, ukukhuthaza incoko yamapolisa, ukuphatha yeqela loburhulumente loburhulumente loluntu, nolawulo lobuzwe-othothothothothothotho

I-George Floyd Protests (2020)

Ukubulawa kukaGeorge Floyd nguMinneapolis umphathi wamapolisa uDerek Chauvin, owabanjwa ngevidiyo ngababukeli, wavelisa umbutho omkhulu woqhankqalazo kwimbali yaseMelika. Idolo lika-Chauvin kwi-Floyd lemizuzu engaphezu kwethoba yayingumfanekiso ocacileyo wokunyathela. Ityala elinqabileyo lokubulala nokubulala, igosa elingoonqali libekwe kwizenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezijongene notshintsho lwesixokelelwano: ukukhulula okanye ukuphelisa amapolisa, ukuguqula ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo, nokubuyisela ityala kwinkonzo yoluntu. UChauvin wabekwa ityala lokubulala nokubulala nokubulala abantu, ityala elinqabileyo lokubekwa kwetyala ngezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho. Ityala lokuxhokomisa umgaqo wolwamkelo lwamapolisa kwiimeko ezininzi nakwiimeko ezihlazi. [Folmed] [0]

Ulwalathiso Lwexesha Elizayo: Utshintsho, Uxolelwano Nokuzisa Ukhuseleko Loluntu

Xa ujonga phambili, unxulumano phakathi kwamalungelo abantu nomthetho luya kuphenjelelwa ziingxube neengxoxo ezininzi eziqhubekayo. Akukho lutshintsho lunye oluya kucombulula zonke iimbambano, kodwa ukudityaniswa kweenguqu zowiso-mthetho, imfundo nenkcubeko kuzisa indlela ebheke phambili.

Utshintsho lwenkqubo kuMaqondo oManyano nawasekuhlaleni

Abaxhasi abaninzi baphikisana ngokuphelisa [[[FLT: 0] ukukhusela okungagqibekanga , okunyanzelekileyo imithetho yekhamera , [[[FLT:]] iibhodi zolawulo ezizimeleyo[[[FLT:], [[FLT]] kunye [[FLT:] izicelo ezifunekayo [[FLT:]] imfuno-data yokubona ngaphaya kwecala. Kumgangatho wasekuhlaleni, amanye amadolobha amisele [[FLT:]] iCIIIIP Boards yempila yamaKatolika [[[[FLT:]] kunye negunya lokuphendla nokucebisa izikhalazo. Ezinye izicelo ziquka [[FLT:] [FFF]]

Isivumelwano soLuntu neGosa

Ulwalamano oluqinileyo phakathi kwamapolisa kunye noluntu lubalulekile. Iinkqubo ezinjenge Justice Justice Justice zinika ezinye iindlela zokufumana amatyala amancinane, ingakumbi ezikolweni. Ezinye izixeko ziye zazama ukuzama [ imizekelo ye-cofix ethumela iingcali zezempilo zengqondo ecaleni okanye endaweni yamapolisa ukuba zifake iminxeba ethile, zicuthe zinciphisa zize zikhusele amalungelo abantu abaneziphene. Imibutho esekelwe kuluntu efana [[FLT:]] kunye [FLT] [FLT:] [FLT]] [FFFLT][FLT:][FLT]] [FFLT]][FLT7]] iyaqhubeka nokuqhuba ukuhlanganisana ukuhlanganisana, ukuququququzelelana nokuquququza abami babemi bobunjwa.

Imfundo Noqeqesho Lwenkqubo Yendalo

Ikamva lobupolisa lixhomekeke kuqeqesho olusakuma amalungelo asekuhlaleni kunye nokungahambelani. ICRIS yoncedo (CIT) kubaphathi abaqhubana nabantu abakwingxaki yempilo yengqondo iya iba yinto eqhelekileyo. Iinkqubo ezininzi zamapolisa ngoku ziquka iimeko ezifuna abaphathi-mikhosi ukuba balungise iimbono ezahlukeneyo zobuhlanga nezenkcubeko. Ucelomngeni luqinisekisa ukuba uqeqesho luyaguquguquka, luyaxhaswa, kwaye luhlaziywa rhoqo. Ezinye iingcali zibiza inkqubo yempatho engo yoochwepheshe yokusebenza kwabaphathi, ukudibana kwabo basetyenziselwa oogqirha okanye amagqwetha, ukunyanzelisa imilinganiselo yokuziphatha nokuqinisekisa ukuphendula.

Ukuhlaziya Indima Yamapolisa

Intshukumo ekhulayo, edla ngokushwankathelwa phantsi kwesiqubulo sentetho esithi uphakamiso lwamapolisa ,” ufuna ukuthatha ubuncwane obukhoyo obusuka kumsebenzi womthetho ukuya kwiinkonzo zentlalo ezifana nezindlu, inkathalo yengqondo, kunye neenkqubo zobundlobongela. Abahlalutyi baphikisa ukuba ukuyekelela kulalanisa ukhuseleko lukawonke-wonke, kodwa abaxhasi benqaku leenkqubo zomqhubi ezinje ewene, Oregon (I-CAOTS) kunye [[FLTLT:] ne-Den, Coloradow inkqubo ye-ARD [ult] ephumeleleyokulungisa ii-polikethi ezingezolwaphulo-mthetho ezinokukhokelela kulwaphulo-mthetho olude.

Isiphelo: Umsebenzi Ongagqitywanga Wokusesikweni

Unxulumano phakathi kwamalungelo abantu kunye nomthetho womthetho asiyonto igosa kodwa yingxoxo eqhubekayo phakathi kwenkululeko negunya. Imbali ibonisa ukuba inkqubela inokwenzeka / ngomthetho, ukuqhankqalaza, ukuthatha inyathelo elingokwasemthethweni, nokudibana kwesizwe. Kodwa inyathelo ngalinye eliphambili lityhila iingxaki ezintsha. Isitshixo sabafundisi-lwazi nabafundi kukuqonda isiseko esisemthethweni, imbali, kunye neengxoxo zale mihla ezibumba olu lwalamano. Kuphela ngolo lwabemi abanokuthi umthetho umele ulwenze uwiso lwemithetho yaye bafune ukuba inkqubo ikhusele wonke umntu ngokulinganayo. Umsebenzi wokwakha ibutho elinobulungisa awuze ugqibelele, kodwa ukuqonda ukuxinezeleka kwalo kukwinyathelo lokuqala lokulucombulula.