Ukuqonda uqingqo-mali lwedolophu yakho yenye yezona zixhobo zinamandla ezikhoyo kumntu ofuna ukwenza umahluko obonakalayo kwindawo ahlala kuyo. Yiplani yemali elawula yonke into ukusuka kubuninzi bendlela yokutshayelela ukuya kumgangatho wezikolo zobulali nakwixesha lokuphendula kwexesha likaxakeka. Nangona isenokuvakala njengento eninzi, uxwebhu olunamandla, uqingqo-mali luyinkcazelo ephambili yomntu ofuna ukuyenza. Ngokufunda ukufunda ukufunda, umbuzo, nokusebenzisa olu xwebhu, uyatshintsha ukusuka kumntu ohlawula irhafuthemi yerhafu, ube ngumxhasi wedemokhrasi okhutheleyo. Le sikhokelo siza kukunika ushwankathelo olucacileyo lwesizathu sokuba uqingqo-mali, oko ikuquletheyo, indlela oluchaphazela ngayo ikhaya lakho, kunye namanyathelo akho asebenzayo okuqinisekisa ilizwi lakho.

Isizathu Sokuba Uqingqo - mali Lwedolophana Yakho Lubuchaphazela Ngokungqalileyo Ubomi Bakho Bemihla Ngemihla

Abahlali abaninzi balujonga uqingqo-mali lukamasipala njengoluhlu lokubala oluqingqiweyo olubhekiselele kwiholo yedolophu. Enyanisweni, uqingqo-mali lungumqhubi oyintloko womgangatho wobomi bakho kunye nexabiso lempahla yakho enkulu: ikhaya lakho. Xa urhulumente wasekuhlaleni eyisebenzisa kakubi imali yakhe, iziphumo zikhawulezile kwaye ziyabonakala. Iindlela ziba nemingxuma engalungiswanga, iipaki ziyakhula, kwaye iinkonzo ezibalulekileyo ziyasikeka. Ngokuchasene noko, uqingqo-mali oluthe lwenziwa kakuhle lubonisa uluntu oluceba ngekamva nokulondoloza isiseko salo.

Ukucinga Ngemilinganiselo Yabantu

Uqingqo-mali luxwebhu olunemilinganiselo yokuziphatha. Lubonisa, ngamanani anzima, ukuba ziziphi na iindidi zemali ezifunekayo edolophini. Uqingqo-mali olunika ipesenti engundoqo yokhuseleko lukawonke-wonke luxelela ibali elahlukileyo kunelo lubeka phambili iinkonzo zentlalo-ntle okanye iinkqubo zokusingqongileyo. Umzekelo, ukuba idolophu ichitha imali engalinganiyo kwimali edityanisiweyo kunye neendawo zokuhlala ngokuchasene nolungiso oluhamba ecaleni, lubonisa isetititi yemingeniselo esebenzayo kunye nezinto eziphambili. Ngokuhlalutya ezi zindani, abahlali bedolophu bangabona ukuba imali esetyenziswayo ihambelana nezithembiso ezenziwe ngamagosa akhethiweyo. Ungabuza imibuzo engqalileyo: Sichitha imali eyaneleyo kwiinkonzo zolutsha ukuze abantwana bagcine idinga? Urhwebo lobugcisa lwecandelo lwamapolisa oluguqulela iziphumelelo?

Ukuphendula nokubonisa ngaphaya kolawulo kuRhulumente wasekuhlaleni

Ukubamba amagosa anyuliweyo kunye nabasebenzi abamiselweyo kufuneka okungaphezulu kunokuvota nje rhoqo kwiminyaka emibini okanye emine. Kufuneka ukujonga iziphumo zezigqibo zabo zemali. Uqingqo-mali sisixhobo esiyintloko sobungameli. Xa isebe licela ulwandiso lwemali, uxwebhu loqingqo-mali kufuneka luthethelele oko kunyuswa kokusebenza kunye neenjongo ezithile. Le nkqubo yoqingqo-mali ecacileyo yenza abemi balapha bafumane ukuba olo sukelo luhlangatyelwe. Ukuba iSebe leMimandla licela ulwando ukuze kulondolo lwemikhondo, kodwa iindledlana zihlala ziselukhubeni lokungaphumeleli. Oku kusebenza njengengxelo yokungaqiniseki koluntu norhulumente walo.

Impembelelo ngqo kwirhafu nakumaxabiso empahla

Mhlawumbi eyona nto idityaniswe ngqo nendlu yakho kukusetyenziswa kwerhafu yempahla. Uqingqo-mali lwedolophu yakho lumisela isantya semali , esisisixa serhafu oyihlawulayo kwixabiso lemali yemali eqingqiweyo eyi R1000. Idolophu enemali yamatyala ekhutshwayo, iimfanelo zedendebhu, okanye imisebenzi yemali encinane izakufuna ukunyusa irhafu yoqingqo-mali. Ngokuchasene noko, idolophu eneziqinisi eziqinileyo netyala eliphantsi lemeko yemozulu enzima ingahlawula iziphumo zezoqoqosho ngaphandle kwerhafuthe. Ngaphezu koko, abameli bamatyala abafana neMoodydy okanye uMoreast & Provel's ijonge ulawulo lwedolophu. Iretimenti eyomeleleyo (A, Aa) iyayihlisa inzala yemali ebolekayo kwizikolo kunye nemali ehlawulwa yi-firvey.

Ukutshatyalaliswa Okunenkcukacha Kwamalungu Ohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali

Ukusebenzisa uqingqo-mali lwedolophu yakho, kufuneka uluqonde ulwakhiwo lwayo. Nangona iifomati ezithile zingafani, uninzi loqingqo-mali lukamasipala lulandela isakhiwo esifanayo sidityaniswe kwingeniso, inkcitho, kunye nocwangciso lwekomkhulu.

Ingeniso: Apho Iphuma Khona Le Mali

Icala lengeniso yohlahlo-mali lwenkcukacha-nkcukacha zohlahlo-mali kulo lonke umthombo wengeniso yedolophu. Imvelaphi enkulu yoomasipala abaninzi yirhafu efanelekileyo. Oku kubalwa ngokwexabiso lemali yemo yengingqi kwidolophu. Ezinye imithombo zengeniso ezingundoqo ziquka:

  • Irhafu kunye nokusebenzisa irhafu: Inxalenye yerhafu yentengiso eqokelelwe ngurhulumente isoloko ibuyiselwa koomasipala basekuhlaleni.
  • [[UMTL:0] Uncedo lwamaBhunga: kunye nengeniso yokwabelana koorhulumente bakarhulumente noorhulumente, ngokufuthi emiselwe iinjongo ezithile ezifana nemfundo okanye izibonelelo.
  • Ityala lomsebenzisi: ukwenzela iinkonzo ezithile, njengemvume yokwakha, iindleko zokungena epakini, ukuqokelelwa komgqomo womgqomo wenkunkuma, okanye ukusetyenziswa komjelo.
  • Ingeniso yemali ekwimali yetrafiki nemali yenkundla.
  • [[UMTHL:0] Irhafu yokukhupha irhafu: Irhafu kwizinto ezithile ezifana nezithuthi zemoto kunye nepetroli.

Isiseko sengeniso esemandleni sidibene. Iidolophu ezixhomekeke kakhulu kumthombo omnye, njengerhafu eshushu okanye isiseko serhafu enciphayo yokwenza ingeniso, zisengozini yokudodobala kwezoqoqosho. Xa zihlola uqingqo-mali, zinikela ingqalelo kwintelekelelo esemva kwentelekelelo yemali. Ingaba zinyani? Zixhomekeke kwingeniso yexesha elinye (njengentengiso yomhlaba) ukuhlawula iindleko eziqhubekayo (njengemivuzo yemali)? Lo msebenzi, osoloko ubizwa ngokuba "inkcitho yemali ebanzi," yiflegi ebomvu yempilo yemali. I-Rhovernvies Association (GOA) inika ubalo oluphezulu lwengeniso kubalwanobalwano lwamashishini amaninzi alandela [[FOLD:] [FG]

Imali: Apho Isiwa Khona

Iindibaniso zomjikelo zidla ngokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini ezingundoqo: iOperating kunye nekomkhulu.

[[UMTL:0] Iquka iindleko zosuku-lusuku zokuphumeza idolophu. Kulapho uninzi lwemali yakho yerhafu ihamba khona. Amalungu angundoqo aquka:

  • IiNkonzo zePernonel: Imali, umvuzo, kunye neenzuzo kubo bonke abasebenzi basedolophini(amagosa, abacimi bomlilo, abasebenzi bolawulo, abasebenzi boluntu, nabasebenzi bemali-zincwadi. Oku kudla ngokuba yeyona ndleko inkulu, idla ngokudla ama-60-80% oqingqo-mali lokusebenza.
  • IiNkonzo zoMphathiswa: iminikelo kubathengisi bangaphandle ukwenzela iinkonzo ezifana nengcebiso yomthetho, IMPHSIT, ukususwa kwekhephu, nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma.
  • Izixhobo kunye nezinto ezikhoyo: izibonelelo ze-ofisi, ityuwa, izibaso zesithuthi, kunye neenxenye zezixhobo.
  • Inkonzo yeDebt: Ephambili kunye nenzala ehlawulwayo kwimali - mboleko ethathwe kwimisebenzi yekomkhulu engaphambili (iibhanti).

ICapital Expenditures ibalulekile (okanye iCapital Uqingqo-mali), ixakeka, ixande lexesha elide kwizinto zokwebekelwa kwemali. Ezi zizinto ezinobomi obuluncedo kwiminyaka emininzi, njengokwakha isitishi somlilo, ukunyusa indlela enkulu, ukuhlaziya isitya sokulungisa amanzi, okanye ukuthenga umkhosi omtsha weenqwelo-nqwelo zamapolisa. Ngenxa yokuba ezi ndleko zinkulu kwaye azihambi kakuhle, zixhaswa ngokuboleka (iibhanti) kunokuba zifumane imali eninzi. Ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kokusebenza nokusetyenziswa kwemali yemali kuyingozi kuyathanda. Idolophu egcina ikomkhulu (umz., ukukhetha ukungalungisi) inokubonakala njengoxandulo lwendlela olusebenzayo, kodwa iqhutyekelele kwixabiso eliqhelekileyo.

Indima Yeenkuselo Nemali

Enye yezona zibonisi zibalulekileyo zozinzo lwedolophu lulungelelwano lwayo olunyuswe kakhulu , olusoloko lubizwa ngokuba yi-"transmittery" ngokusisiseko yi-akhawunti yogcino-mali yedolophu. Yimali ebekelwe bucala ukusuka kwintsalela yangaphambili ukusingatha izinto ezingalindelekanga (njengesaqhwithi esikhulu) okanye ingeniso encinane (njengehlalo lonyuko).

Iingcali zezemali zicebisa ukuba iidolophu zigcine umlinganiselo wemali eseleyo ubuncinane i-16.67% yenkcitho yonyaka, elingana nexabiso elimalunga neenyanga ezimbini lokusebenza. Idolophu enomlinganiselo wemali onciphileyo ichitha imali engaphezu kwaleyo ifunayo kwaye isengozini yengxaki yemali. Idolophu enomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo, okhulayo wemali ilumkile. Kodwa, umlinganiselo wemali ophezulu kakhulu ungabonisa ukuba idolophu inyusa imali ehlala kuyo. Ukubuza isizathu sokuba umlinganiselo othile wemali ungowona mvuzo wokokuba ifuna uncedo olufanelekileyo

Iindlela Ezisebenzisekayo Zokubandakanyeka Kwinkqubo Yoqingqo - mali

Ukwazi ukuba uqingqo-mali lusisiqingatha sedabi. Inyathelo elilandelayo lithatha inxaxheba kwindlela eloyilwa ngayo. Oku kufuna ukuba kwenziwe ngendlela elungeleleneyo, hayi nje ukubonakala kwintlanganiso kanye ngonyaka.

Yakha Ikhalenda Yohlahlo

Idolophu nganye isebenza kwikhalenda yoqingqo-mali. Ukuqonda eli xesha yeyona nzuzo ibalulekileyo onokuyifumana. Le nkqubo idla ngokuqala kwiinyanga phambi kokuba unyaka uqalise. Ikhalenda idla ngokulandela ezi nqanaba:

  1. [[UMTL:0] Izakhelo ezi-4-6 zeenyanga phambi kokuba kuqalwe): Amasebe edolophini athumela izicelo zawo zoqingqo-mali kuMphathi weDolobha okanye kuMlawuli weMali.
  2. [[UMTL:0] Iprojekthi (iinyanga ezi-2-3 ngaphambi kokuba uqale): Umphathi weDolophu unika uqingqo-mali olucetyiweyo kwiBhunga lesiXeko okanye ibhodi yokuKhetha.
  3. Imboniso & Iintlanganiso Zomsebenzi (1- 2 iinyanga phambi kokuqala): Ibhunga libamba iintlanganiso zomsebenzi ezineenkcukacha, ngokufuthi livula kuwonke wonke, apho zidibanisa khona izinto zemigca yehlelo.
  4. Indlebe yePublic (iiveki ezi-2-4 ngaphambi kokuqala): Ukuva okusesikweni kubanjwa apho abemi banokuthetha khona.
  5. [[FLT: 0] I-Adropop (phambi kokuqalisa konyaka wemali): ibhunga livota ukwamkela uqingqo-mali lokugqibela.

Ukuba ufuna ukuphembelela uqingqo-mali, kufuneka ube nemisebenzi ngexesha lePhondo neNjindo, hayi nje iNcamathela kawonke-wonke. Ngexesha ukuva kukawonke-wonke kufike, izigqibo ezininzi ezingundoqo sele zixoxwe. Sele ziceliwe. Sele ufikelelela kumalungu ebhunga nomphathi wedolophu phambi izicelo zigqitywe. Ukuya kwintlanganiso zomsebenzi kunegalelo elingaphezulu kunokuya kwindlebe yokugqibela.

Ukunikela Ubungqina Obunempumelelo Nobuchule

Enoba ukhuthaza ukuba imali engakumbi ixhaswe kwithala leencwadi okanye uchase ukwanda kwerhafu, indlela othetha ngayo. Kuphephe izikhalazo eziqhelekileyo. Kunoko, landela le migaqo:

  • Bheka ngokungqalileyo: Endaweni yokuthi "Sifuna imali eninzi kwipaki," yithi "Uqingqo-mali lwangoku lunikezela nge $50 000 ukwenzela ugcino lwendlela, kodwa iPlane yeMitrans Master ifuna u-$800,000 ukukhusela ukhukuliso nokugcina iindlela zikhuselekile."
  • Sebenzisa ugcino-lwazi: ubhekisa kwizinto ezithile zemigca kunye namaxwebhu ohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali. Thelekisa iindleko zonyaka ophelileyo. "Uqingqo-mali lwamapolisa lunyuke ngaphezu kweminyaka eli-15% ngaphezu kwesibini ngoxa isantya solwaphulo-mthetho sihlala sithe tyaba. Sicebisa ukuba imali esetyenziswayo isetyenziswe kulutsha.
  • Uphonononga uTrando-off: Ukuphawula ukuba uqingqo-mali lumalunga norhwebo. Ukuba ufuna ukuchitha imali eninzi kwindawo enye, icebisa ukuba imali izakuvela phi, okanye ivume ukuba ingafuna unyuko lwerhafu.
  • Ukwakha iNkokeli: Iqela labemi abangama-20 abathetha ngelizwi elinye linempembelelo enkulu kunabantu abangama-20 abathetha ngokwahlukeneyo. Yila iqela lobukho, yabelana ngeengongoma, kwaye ipakishe iintlanganiso.

Ubuncwane obuninzi bukho ukunceda abemi balapho baqonde indlela yokuzibandakanya. Ngokomzekelo, uManyano lweSizwe lwezixeko lupapasha izikhokelo ezininzi ekuthatheni inxaxheba kwingingqi enokukunceda ulawule i-dvocation yakho ngokunempumelelo (UManyano lwesizwe lweCities - CBICO CUNIC Beginement)[[FL:1].

Ubuxhakaxhaka bobugcisa obugudisayo kunye nogcino-lwazi oluvulekileyo

Ingasekho iintsuku xa ikopi yoqingqo-mali yayiyikopi eninzi kwi-ofisi yomabhalane wedolophu. Iidolophu ezininzi ngoku zifaka uqingqo-mali lwazo kwi-intanethi, kwaye ezininzi zisebenzisa i-software yoqingqo-mali ehambisana noluvo. Iinkqubo ezifana ne-Open Gov okanye Clavis Gov zikuvumela ukuba ubone ukuchitha kwitshati nakwigrafu, thelekisa idolophu yakho kunye nezifanayo, kwaye utsho utsho nzulu kwisebe elithile. Ukuba idolophu yakho isebenzisa le program, yisebenzise ngokunenzuzo yayo. Ukuba ayiceli ukuba ithathwe. Uqingqo-mali lwezimnxeba lumba-ntengi.

Ungasebenzisa ubugcisa ukuze ulandelele inkqubo. Nqakraza kuluhlu lwe-imeyili yedolophu, nikezela kwiphetshana loMphathi we-Town, kwaye ulandele amalungu ebhunga lakho kwi-media yezentlalo. Iidolophu ezininzi zikwahlala kwimida yemisebenzi yazo kunye neentlanganiso. Ungabukela usuka ekhaya unikezele iintetho zikawonke-wonke nge-imeyili. Oku kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba ube ngummi othenjiweyo ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokuya ngokoqobo kuyo yonke intlanganiso yobusuku.

Ukoyisa Izithintelo Eziqhelekileyo Zokuqingqa Uqingqo - mali

Kulula ukudimazeka xa ujongene namaphepha alikhulu eetafile zemali kunye nocingo olugobileyo. Awuwedwa. Ukuntsonkotha kwemali kamasipala ngumqobo owenziwe ngabom okanye ngempazamo ogcina abantu behleli ecaleni. Nantsi indlela yokoyisa ezona zinto ziqhelekileyo.

Ukoyisa Ubuchule Nobuntsonkothileyo

Ibala ngalinye linolwimi lwalo, kwaye urhulumente wasekuhlaleni akahlukile. Amagama afana "nemiqathango," "imida yemali," kwaye "imali ekhululekileyo" anokudida. Musa ukuvumela amagama okusetyenziswayo ukukumisa. Amaxwebhu amaninzi oqingqo-mali aquka ukuchaza okulula ngasemva. Ukuqwalasela umzobo omkhulu kuqala: iimali ezipheleleyo, ukuchithwa kwemali kunye nemali elinganiselweyo. Ngoko, ngquba phantsi kumasebe okhathalele kakhulu. I-intanethi inguvimba onamandla. Ukukhangela amagama afana "nomba obhatalo oluphezulu" ukufumana izikhokelo ezikhululekileyo. Udweliso lokuqala lweGoovbig, umzekelo, inikeza inani elicacileyo lenkcazelo yendlela yoqingqobhatalo olukhoyo [FL:] [FFF]

Ukufumana Ixesha Lokuba Nenxaxheba

Ubomi buxakekile. Phakathi komsebenzi, intsapho, nezinye izibophelelo, unikezelo lweeyure zokuhlaziywa kohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lungaziva lungenakwenzeka. Qala imizuzu engama-30 ukuqwalasela isishwankathelo sohlahlo lohlahlo. Zibekele usukelo lokuya kwintlanganiso enye yomsebenzi. Zibophelele kwisixhobo sokukhupha iindaba sasekuhlaleni esigubungela iintlanganiso zebhunga ledolophu. Akufuneki ukuba ube ingcali kuyo yonke into. Yazi into okanye ezimbini ezibaluleke kakhulu kuwe.

Ukuthetha Ngokungabikho Kokubonisa ngaphaya

Ukuba idolophu yakho yenza kube nzima ukufikelela kulwazi loqingqo-mali okanye ukuthetha ngokungacacanga, yiflegi ebomvu. Ukungabonakali kusoloko kuwuphawu lolawulo olungelulo. Ukuba awulufumani uqingqo-mali kwi-website, biza iSebe leMali okanye i-Town Clerk kwaye ucele. Ukuba uxwebhu loqingqo-mali alunazo iinkcukacha (umz., ukuqokelela wonke umqeshwa umgangatho kumanani anye endaweni yokuwaphula ngesebe), cela uguqulelo oluninzi. Ukuba uxhathisa, hlela. Umsebenzi nabamelwane bakho ukucela utshintsho olusemthethweni kwinkqubo yoqingqo lwabiwo-mali. Ungasebenzisa kwakhona umgaqo woMthetho wolwazi ([FLT: 0] weSicwangciso solawulo [FOA] [FLD] [FLD]] kumgangatho wemeko lokukhulula uluntu lwemali.[FLDSD

Isiphelo: IResident enolwazi yeyona Mkhosi Inamandla

Ukuqonda uqingqo-mali lwedolophu yakho akuyonto nje yokuzilolonga kwimisebenzi yoluntu; kukwenza usebenze. Kukushukumisela ekubeni ube ngumthengi ongenzi nto wemisebenzi karhulumente ukuya kumatshini osebenzayo wexesha elizayo loluntu lwakho. Xa uluqonda uqingqo-mali, ungabona kwizithembiso zezehlo ezingenanto. Ungaxhasa ngokunempumelelo ubuncwane obufunwa ngummelwane wakho. Ungazigcina iinkokeli zijongene nento eziphambili. Uqingqo-mali lwedolophu luxwebhu olunye olubalulekileyo lwemithetho evezwe unyaka ngamnye, ngenxa yokuba lwenza amaxabiso nezinto eziza kuqala. Ngokuzinika ixesha lokuyiqonda, uhlawula kwimpilo, impumelelo, nokuzinzisa umphakathi wakho. Qwala namhlanje ngokutsala umba imali yakho kwi-intanethi, ukufumana umgqalise omnye onomdla, nokubuza umbuzo olulula: Kutheni usenza loo nto?