Impembelelo Yempembelelo Yamajelo eendaba Kumgaqo - siseko Kawonke - wonke

Ulwalamano phakathi kwesixhobo sokugcina ulwazi kunye nolawulo luyenye yezona mpembelelo zinamandla nezinesiphumo kwibutho ledemokhrasi. Kwixesha elichazwa ngokuzaliswa kolwazi, ukunikezelwa kwemithetho-siseko, nokuncitshiswa kwentembeko, ukuqonda kakuhle indlela imijelo yogcino-lwazi ebumba ngayo inkqubo kawonke-wonke ekwindawo ephambili ephambili yoshishino lwemfundo — kukuyimfuneko engundoqo yokuba ngummi osebenzayo. Eli nqaku linika isiseko esinegunya sokuhlalutya olululo, ukuhluza ubugqeba obunelo lwempembelelo, ukuhlola iingxelo zente, nokunika iindlela eziluncedo zokutyhintsalela indalo yolwazi oluntsonkothile. Abaqeqeshi, abalungiseli bemithetho, abasebenzi bemi, abatshayeli, abaxhasi bemi, abaxhasi bemithetho ekwakhenke, ukukwazi ukuqonda la mandla kubalulekile ukukhusela ingqibelelo yenkqubo yenkqubo yenkqubo.

Imisebenzi ye-CoreDemocratic ye-Free Press

Ngaphambi kokuhlolisisa iindlela ezithile zokuphembelela inkqubo, kuyimfuneko ukuseka umsebenzi osisiseko wesixhobo sokusasaza iindaba kwiriphabliki yedemokhrasi. Ezi ndima zisisiseko zidala imijelo ephenjelelwa kuyo.

Igovu Eligadiweyo

Ekubalulekeni kwayo, ushicilelo olukhululekileyo lusebenza njengohlolo lwamandla athe kratya. Uphando logcino-lwazi lwezemali lubhenca ubuqhophololo, inkunkuma, kunye nokusetyenziswa kakubi kwegunya ebekuya kuhlala kufihlakele. Xa Bostoton Globe [, i-’ iqela eliLandelayo elibhencayo elisebenzisa kakubi inkqubo yesondo kwiCawa yamaKatolika, alizange nje lixele ingxelo yebali — ibangele imposiso yemithetho etshintshayo, ukusuka kwimiqathango yotshintsho olumiselwe imithetho yokuchaza imithetho emininzi kumazwe amaninzi. Ngaphandle kwalo msebenzi wokulinda, ukwenza inkqubo ingena eziko, ibanjwa, iphathwe zizinto ezikhethekileyo, kwaye ingabalwangaxelwanga kwizinto zikawonke. Ukulahlwa koondixesha lasekuhlaleni, noko, noko kudala ugnakele, apho i-Eldentirdey

Iphulo Lengxoxo

Amajelo eendaba anikela iziseko zentetho kawonke-wonke. Umthetho weNkqutyana yokuSebenza othe ngqo, kufuneka ubekwe ngokupheleleyo; kufuneka uvavanywe, ucetyiswa, kwaye ucocwa kwinkundla yoluvo lukawonke-wonke. Amaphephandaba, iingxoxo zentetho, iindaba zentsontelo yentsimbi, kunye namaqonga e-media zonke zisebenza njengeendawo apho izilangazelelo zokuxhasa. Umthetho wesiXhosa ezizinzileyo uvumela ukuqulukunjelwa kwemiqathango yoqoqosho, umzekelo, waxutyushwa ngaphezu konyaka wonke kwindawo enokwenzeka ekhoyo yonxibelelwano ngaphambi kokuba idluliselwe. Indlela leyo ngxoxo yayiyi-—ordor yayingeyiyo ngokomthetho wokugqibela. Umthetho olungileyo wokukhuthaza ukukhuphisana kwamaxabiso akhuselwano, njengokulungele ukukhuselwa kwempilo okanye ukhuseleko lwesizwe nabantu ngabanye.

Isiseko Sokudlulisa Somgaqo - siseko Ontsonkothileyo

Inkqubo yale mihla yeyobugcisa obuphezulu. Imithetho yerhafu, imimiselo yemekobume, kunye nenkxaso yezentlalo yezezimali ayiqondwa ngummi oqhelekileyo. IMedia isebenza njengebhanti losasazo, iguqulela umthetho oluntsonkothileyo kwiingxelo ezifikelelekayo. Noko ke, olu guqulelo aluze lube yinxalenye yobundilele. Isigqibo sokumisela irhafu yekharbon njenge- “ inkcaso yenkcaso, kunye nemali yemali ekhoyo; ngokuchasene noxanduva lwe-&lquo; umthwalo wezoqoqosho &rqo; sisenzo esineziphumo zezobupolitika ezithenjiweyo. Xa i-media i-sl yenza inkqubo yokusetyenziswa kwento ekhoyo, yenza ukhetho malunga noko kungagxininiswa, ukhetho oluchaphazela ngqo, okokuba nempembelelo okanye ukuchasa uluntu kwizixhobo zokusasaza-michiselo lwemichi yezo zezo zincwadi ziyenze lenza elifanelekileyo ngakumbi ibhande elifanelekileyo.

Ngapha koko: Impembelelo Ekhethekileyo

Amajelo eendaba awathethi nje ngokulula ngomgaqo-nkqubo; alungisa ngokukhutheleyo iimeko apho inkqubo yenziwe khona. Iingcamango ezintathu ezimiselwe kakuhle zichaza le mpembelelo.

Ukumiswa kwe-Agenda: Ukuqiqa Oko sikucingayo

UMaxwell McCombs noDonald Shaw baqala ngokuzichaza ngomdla wophando lwawo lwango1995 lonyulo lomongameli, ingcamango emiselweyo engoonobumba ekwakujoliswe kuyo iprojekthi yokuba i-’ ichaza izinto eziphambili ezithe ngqo kwi-&rsquo kawonke-wonke ezibonisa ukufuduka ngethuba lokungahoyi impilo, uluntu aluyifundi nje kuphela imiba ephambili kubenzi bezomthetho, kungakhathaliseki ukuba injongo yayo ingxamisekile. Uphando olusuka ku-[FLT:] lwamaskte [[FLT] [FLT] kuMadiam, kunye nePhondo yeSikolo sika-Phondo]. Ukuba iindaba zinikela inkqululiso ebanzi ekungeneni ekungeneni kwemiqatha kwemiqatha yezo yezonyango, unxibelelwano olubonisa indlela ephambili ngayo ukufuduselwa kwemiqatha kwemiqatha, imposiso yemithetho yolwaphulo-mendo, i-ograpt, inguquququlukulwa, i-ogggg.

Ukulungiselela: Indlela Esiwusebenzisa Ngayo Umgaqo - siseko

Ukwakhiwa kwesixhobo kuqhubekeka. Asikokuba ziziphi izinto ezigqunyweyo, kodwa yindlela ezibekwe ngayo. URobert Entman, umphengululi okhokelayo ekufakeni, uyichaza njengekhetha i &lquo; ezinye izinto zento ebonwayo kwaye zizenza zibonakale zininzi kokubhaliweyo okunxibelelana. ” isenzo sokulungisa i-fram, sichaza iinjongo zayo, kwaye sicebisa ulawulo. Cinga irhafuthelo: abachasi bendlela ephumelelayo yokuyifaka njenge “ irhafuthelo, i &ldequo; i &glosquo; iprofiled; iprojekto elawula ulawulo lwezobupolitika. Ngokunjalo, i-odromaptic Controgence; inkqubo ye-Active Resographic; i-Advior i-Amplective i-mone; i-Applement ilawula inkqubo ye-mous ye-mongmoupt ye-Ampmpmplement.

Ulwaphulo-mthetho: Ukuseka iMigangatho yokuCwangcisa

Ukuchanabeka kunxulumene kakhulu nokuqhubana kwemeko. Ngokunikela inkcazo ebanzi kwimibandela ethile, intlalo-ntle yabaphulaphuli bezopolitiko ivavanya iinkokeli zezobupolitika ngokusekelwe kwimisebenzi yazo kwezo mibandela. Ukuba amajelo eendaba azele yinkxalabo yeengxaki zenkqubo yangaphandle, abavoti baya kugweba umongameli ngokuyintloko ekusingatheni kwabo loo ngxaki, nokuba bebenokukhetha ukuzivavanya kwizoqoqosho. Le nkqubo ivumela ijelo-mente ukuba litshintshe ngokunempumelelo imithetho yokuziphendulela kobupolitika. Umongameli obuthathaka kwinkcaso yabo echasene nayo i’ umba ongcono uzakuzama ukusebenzisa impembelelo yesixhobo sokuhlola imicimbi elungileyo, umbangowona umba olungileyo. Oku kukhuphiswano oluqhubekayo kwimiqatha lokumisela iinkqubo zonxibelelwano lwezopolitiko.

Utshintsho lwamanani: AbaQinisekisi Abatsha neMithetho emitsha

Utshintsho ukusuka kwisixhobo esingunxantathu semedia, imodeli yosasazo ukuya kumgangatho odityanisiweyo, imekobume yamanani ngokuchanekileyo iguqule impembelelo yempembelelo yesixhobo sokugcina ulwazi kwinkqubo.

Ukudilika Kwabagcini - mkhosi Nokukhula Kwabantu Ngamnye

Kwinkoliso yenkulungwane yama-20, inani elincinane labahleli, abavelisi, nabavakalisi basebenza njengabagcini-sango, begqiba ukuba yintoni inkcazelo eyafikelelwa nguwonke-wonke. I-Internet yaphelisa le ndawo ingunogopo ngokusetyenziswa. Namhlanje, nabani na angaba ngumvakalisi, kwaye umiselo lwezicwangciso lungaqalwa ngemiba yentsholongwane enye. Imikhosi efana # Too kwaye Ubomi obungekho mthethweni bungaqala kwingqukuva kunye nenkqubo enyanzelekileyo kwingqungquthela yemithetho yemithetho eqeshiweyo ngaphaya kwelizwe. Le migaqo yolawulo inikwe ilizwi elisezantsi nemvume yokusebenza ngokukhawuleza kwengca.

Uphuhliso Lwemithetho Yomthetho kunye Nokwenziwa Kwenkcazelo Echaphazelayo

Amaqonga ezentlalo-ntle akakho kwizinikezelo zobundilele; alawulwa zimithetho-siseko enzelwe ukwandisa ukuganana. Oku kuqulethwe okubangela umsindo, uloyiko, okanye umsindo rhoqo kusebenza ngcono kunentsingiselo engaqhelekanga, okuqulathwe yi-algorithritimes. Oku kuchaphazela ukuchaphazeleka kobuhlanga — apho abemi bafika bengabathandi kwaye bengathembani abo bakumaqela aphikisanayo. Oku kwenza inkqubo ye-bipartistan ilalane kakhulu. Ngokutsho kolu hlobo lwe-[FLT: 0] Iziko lophando oluphakathi [, isahlulo sabemi baseMelika abaneerika iimbono ezingalunganga zeqela eliphikisayo siphindeke kabini okanye ngokuphindwe kathathu ukususela koo 1990, intsingiselo enxulumene nokunyuka konyuko lwe-desiki-compuma. Inkqubo ye-mathemati ye-mathe ye-odvolder, apho isebenza khona i-epaneepane ye-glavelder-gn, apho i-evelkn e

Ungeniso oluncinane: Ulweyiselo lomgaqo-nkqubo kumgangatho omnye

Izixhobo zokuchola-zincwadi zamanani zivumela ukujoliswa ngqo kwemiyalezo yezopolitiko. Inkampane kunye namaqela enzala angahlula imfundo encinane ngokubhekiselele kubemi abamxinwa kwaye adlulisele imiyalezo elungisiweyo kwimibandela ethile yemigaqo-nkqubo. Umvoti oxhalabileyo ngerhafu yempahla angabona ukunqunyulwa kwepropati ye-’ isicwangciso serhafu, ngoxa umvoti oxhalabele irhafu yemali yesikolo ebona umahluko opheleleyo ngokusetyenziswa kwemfundo yemali kumntu omnye. Le nkqubo incinane ehamba phambili idlula kwimfuno yelizwe eliqhelekileyo yeprojenti, eyenza kube nzima ukuba oosomali bagcine oopolitiki benotyala ngeendawo ezicwangcisiweyo zemithetho. ICambridge Analytic ihlamba ebangela isiphakaliso esineyo sokuphembelela ngoku izixhobo, kodwa ngoku umkhwa wokusebenza kwenkqubo yezo yezo yezobupolitika kwimibango yezobupolitika.

Izifundo ezisuka kwimbali: Case studies kumgaqo-nkqubo we Media-Drive

Ukuhlolisisa amaxesha embali apho imithombo yezonxibelelwano yatshintsha ngokulula indlela ebekwe ngayo inkqubo kunikela ubungqina obucacileyo bale migaqo yengcinga esebenzayo.

IVietnam Nomsantsa Wokuphumelela

Phambi kwemfazwe yase Vietnam, imithombo yezindaba ephambili ebekelwe ingqalelo kakhulu kwimithombo esemthethweni karhulumente kwiinkqubo zasemzini. Imfazwe yabutshintsha ngokutsha obu buhlobo. Xa itet Offensive engekho mgangathweni ye Tet, isasaza kumagumbi okuhlala eMelika ebusuku, yadala ulwazi lwemfazwe i &ctrsquo; inkohlakalo eyaphikisanayo nolawulo lwezimvo zethemba lwe Johnson. Xa iCBS ankile Cronque inikeza umhleli wemfazwe i &ldquot; i-&squetate, i-&smone; i-smondrective, i- projectal, i-astrite; uMongameli we- Johnson yaxelwa, i &quo; yathetha ngokuthenjiswayo ngokuthe ngqo kwi- uluvo lwayo. I &sterolson, i- procercessss, isebenzisa utshintsho lwemfazwe kulawulo lwamajente.

Icuba: Ukususa iFrame Kukukhululeka Kuse Empilweni

Idabi lokulawula icuba lingunogada ophambili kwizixhobo zekhompyutha. Kangangamashumi eminyaka, ushishino lwecuba lwayibeka ngempumelelo ifomu yokutshaya njengendawo yenkululeko nenzala yezoqoqosho. Basebenzisa uqingqo-mali lwabo olukhulu lokubhengeza ukulawula iingxelo zezixhobo zentengiso. Incopho yokutshintsha yafumaneka kuphando lwezintatheli kunye nenkqubo etshayelwayo. IGawulayo iCommunications Commis Commission Actersquous; iParaccoms Resolicture ifuna ababhengezi brackethi ukuba bakhuphe izibhengezo ezichasene nokutshaya kwemidiza. Ezi zibhengezo zibhengezo zibhengezo zibhengezo zokulwa kwemidiza. Ezi zibhengezo zibhengezo zifakelwa ngaphandle kwenkululeko, kodwa njengengxaki yempilo kawonke-wonke-wonke-wonke. Amatyala okutshaya, kunye nenkqubo aqhuzukisa, akhokelela ngokuphawulekayo kwiitalaye, ukuva, ukuva intel, kunye neenkonzo zezo zonyango.

Iinguqulelo Zemozulu: Ukusuka Kwingxelo YeNicoche Ukuya Kwimeko Engxamisekileyo

Umgaqo-nkqubo wokutshintsha kwemozulu ubonakalisa ngokusondeleyo ukupapashwa kwawo kwe-Applican. Kangangamashumi eminyaka, utshintsho lwemozulu lwaluyimekobume, oluxutyushwe kakhulu kumacandelo enzululwazi kwaye lungahoywa ngabacholacholi bezobupolitika. I-mediadia ’ i-lity i-lity instrugmental ingqwalaselo elinganayo nenzululwazi yemozulu kunye neqaqona elithandabuzayo i-— i-Actives i-grandments eninzi ebonise ukuqalisweni kwenzululwazi yezenzululwazi engazange ibekho. Oku kwatshintshwa kakhulu ekupheleni kowakho ngowa ka-IPC kwingxelo ekhethekileyo ye-IP i-IP &C; ukunyuka kwesenzo solutsha esithelekelele kwingxaki yexesha elizayo kwimeko-media. Oku kuthenjiwe yimeko yezonga lokutyala kwilizwe le-United States, ukuphuma phambili kweminxeba ye-Europe, ukuphuma kweminxeba ye-ogne, kunye nokukhul.

Ukuhamba kwePitles zeNkcubeko yeMedia yeMixokelelwano yaNgoku

Ngelixesha ijenali libalulekile ekwenzeni inkqubo yedemokhrasi, imekobume yangoku ibangela ucelomngeni olubalulekileyo olunokuphazamisa ulawulo olusengqiqweni.

Ukungaqiniseki, Ukungavakaliswa Kwamazwi Nenyaniso Kuwohloka

Ukuchana okuthe kratya ngolwazi olungeyonyani olusasazwa nge-intanethi kusisisongelo esithe ngqo kumgaqo-nkqubo osekelwe kubungqina. I-Umanyano olucacileyo ichaza i “Truth Decay ” njengokwanda kokungavumelani okukhoyo okukhoyo kunye nokungaqondani komgca phakathi koluvo nenyaniso. Isifo se-COVID-19 sinikezele umboniso ocacileyo: inkohliso ngonyango kunye nesitofuthezo ezidiyo ngqo ezibangela ukuba umgaqo wobomi uthintelo olunokuthintelwa. Xa isahlulo esibalulekileyo sabemi sisebenza kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, sibangela ukuba ungqubano olufunekayo ukwenzela inkqubo esebenzayo lungabi nakwenzeka.

Ukuphelelwa Kwentembelo Nokuvela Kweendaba Ezincinane

Ukuthemba amajelo eendaba njengoko isiko liye lathotywa ngokuthe ngcembe kangangamashumi eminyaka. Galup’ kuhlolwa ukuthemba amajelo eendaba amakhulu kubonisa ukuba liqaqobana laseMelika ngoku elichaza i “ elikhulu kakhulu i-” okanye i-&ldquo fair ixabiso le-” lokuthemba kwi-menu media. Oku kukhukuliwa kokuthemba kuxhatshazwa ngabadlali bezobupolitika abachaza kakubi njenge “ fake. Ngokungatshintshiyo, ukunyuka koo eendaba ezicacileyo (okokunye kwintsontelo yokukhupha intsontelo yokubophelela intsimbi ne-intanethi) kuvumela abemi ukuba bazikhethele ngokwabo ulwazi olukhoyo. Olu lwahlulwayo lwezingxeko lwezo lwezopolitiki, lwenza ingxube elula, ingxeko ethetha ngohlobo oluthile, njengeenza intetho yodidi olungavisiswayo.

Ukuhlakulela Ukufunda Nokubhala Kwamajelo Orhwebo Kulawulo - melo Oluzinzileyo

Ngenxa yempembelelo enzulu yamajelo eendaba kwinkqubo, ukuvelisa ubuchule obubalaseleyo bokufunda kwijelo leendaba akuyomfuneko yoluntu.

Ukusebenzisa Indlela Yonyango Lweziphene

Eqaliswe yingcali yokufunda yamanani uMike Caulfield, indlela yeSIFT inika ubuchule obusebenzisekayo bokulinganisa ulwazi lwe-intanethi. Amanyathelo amane ngala: ukumisa (akwabelani okanye wenze ngoko nangoko), [ Ukukhupha umthombo [ (ungubani nasemva kwale nkcazelo?), [[FLT:]] Ukufumana intetho engcono[[ (ntoni enye imithombo ehloniphekileyo ethethayo?), kunye [FLTB] ithetha kumodensie"'''' (ucatshulo oluchaneyo okanye umelo oluchanekileyo?)

Ukufuna Iintlobo - ntlobo Zezakhiwo

Ukwaphulwa kwemigodi yentlokoma kufuna okungaphezulu kunokufunda nje i “ elinye icala. ” Kufuna imodeli yesakhiwo yokwahluka-hluka kwe-— ukukhangela ngemithombo yeendaba eyahlukeneyo eneemodeli zemali (ezixhaswayo, ezingakhuphiswayo, ezisekelwe kwimirhumo-ekhupho-ekwakheni) kunye neentanda-lwazi zomhleli ezahlukeneyo. Ukuxhasa ubujongo bobulali kunye nophengululo lwamajelo lwamajelo kukwabaluleka. Ukuwa kwemodenti yengi yengingqi yasekuhlaleni kubangele ukuphendula kwemiqathango yomgangatho welizwe nenkqubo yasekuhlaleni. Ngokuxhasa ngemali imo yomgangatho ophezulu wemali, nokufuna ngamandla ulwazi olucel ’ ucelomngeni, abemi bangazikhusela ngokwabo ngokwabo ngokwabo kwiziphumo ezimbi ze-algalthrity.

Ukujolisa kwimithombo engundoqo

Enye yezona ndlela zisebenzayo kukugqitha umaleko we-poundit ngokupheleleyo. Abami bangafunda okubhaliweyo okuziingxelo zomthetho, iingxelo zikarhulumente kwimithombo esemthethweni, kunye neezifundo zemfundo ezijongwa ngoontanga. Ngokuya ngqo kwisiseko somthombo, abantu bangavavanya inkqubo esekelwe kwinto yayo kunokujikeleza kwayo. Le ndlela inciphisa amandla esixhobo sokusasaza izinto eziphembelela ukuxhotyiswa kwemigaqo, ivumela uphando oluzimeleyo, olusekelwe kubungqina obusekelwe kwimigaqo.

Isiphelo: Imbopheleleko ekwabelana ngayo yobugosa

I-Appsquo; impembelelo yomgaqo-nkqubo kawonke-wonke ayilungile okanye ayilungile ngokwemvelo; yinyani yobomi bezobupolitika kwidemokhrasi engumlamli. Iindlela eziphambili zokumisela izithuba, ukuphosa, kunye nokuguqula zingamandla anamandla anokunyusa okanye alula ubunjani bokulawula. Impembelelo yamanani iye yandisa le mikhosi, ivelisa amathuba amatsha okuthabatha inxaxheba ngelinye ixesha xa isiseko sobunyani esifunekayo ukuze kuvuselelwe ulwakhiwo-bumelwano. Indlela ephambili ifuna imigudu yeqela. Oonondaba kufuneka baphinde banikele ingxele kwimithetho entle, bachaze ngokucacileyo into eboniswa kwimbukwayo. Abayili bezakhelo-zinzi bolwazi kufuneka bathathe imbopheleleko yendlela yabo yokulungisa intetho yezobupolitika. Yaye abemi bamele bahlakulele ngamandla ukukhuthaza impembelelo ebanzi yokucinga ngemekobume yokulungisa imekobume.