Ukuqonda Inkqubo Yokungahlali Nakwiimfuno Zayo

Ukuqonda Inkqubo Yokungahlali Nakwiimfuno Zayo

Ubumi bobumi bamazwe ahlukeneyo, obukwachazwa njengendawo esemthethweni ekwakukho kuyo umntu ngokomthonyama wamazwe amabini azimeleyo. Eli lungiselelo liye laxhaphaka kakhulu kwixesha lokufuduka kwehlabathi lonke, ukunqumla imida yomtshato, kunye notyalo-mali lwezizwe ngezizwe. Kuninzi, ubumi obubini bumela ibhulorho phakathi kwe-OFS, ukunikezela ngeengenelo kunye nonxulumano lweemvakalelo kumazwe amaninzi. Noko ke, isiseko esingokwasemthethweni esingqonge ubumi obuntlukwano obuphakathi kobufanayo, kwaye iziphumo zabantu ngabanye noorhulumente zintluntlukwano kunye noluvo olungenaluvo. Eli nqaku lihlolisisa imigaqo yesiseko yokuba ngummimi-mi-mibini, iingene kunye nokuguquguquka kwayo, imigaqo-nkqubo echaphazela amazwe ngamazwe amaninzi, kunye nempembelelo ebanzi kwimizalwano yoluntu.

Isiseko Esisemthethweni Sobumi Obufanayo

Uluntu lufanele lunikwe amalungelo neembopheleleko. Ukuba ngummi wamazwe amabini okanye ngaphezulu kuvela xa imithetho yamazwe anika umntu omnye ubumi ngexesha elinye. Oku kunokwenzeka ngeendlela eziliqela, kuquka ukuzalwa, ukuzalwa, ukuzalwa, ukuzalwa, ukuzalwa, ukuzalwa, okanye umtshato.

Ukuzalwa kwelizwe elilandela ujus soli (ekunene komhlaba) kunika ubumi kumntu ozalelwe kumhlaba wakhe, kungakhathaliseki ukuba nguhlanga lwabazali. IUnited States ne Canada yimizekelo ebalaseleyo. Ukuba umntwana uzalelwe eUnited States kubazali abangabemi be- bahlome ii-injino [[ [iilungelo legazi]] ilizwe elinjenge-Italiya okanye i-Sirayeli, ukuba umntwana afumane ubumi obuphindaphindene. Ingakumbi e-Europe nase-Asia, ilandela i-junis, apho ubumi bobuni obusuka kwifashoniwe ngegazi, xa ezi nkqubo zimbi zobuhlanga zisoloko ziphumele iziphumo ezidibene.

Ukuzimela ngokwemvelo yenye indlela eqhelekileyo. Umntu ofudukela kwilizwe elitsha aze afeze iimfuno zalo zokuba ngummi angavunyelwa lilizwe lawo lemvelaphi ukugcina ubuzwe balo bantlandlolo. Umzekelo, iKhanada ne-Australia zivumela abemi bendalo ukuba babe nabemi abaninzi, ngelixesha amazwe afana neJapan afuna ukuphinda abhaliswe ubuzwe bangaphambili. Ukutshata nomntu wasemzini kungakhokelela kwimfuno-mfono-mfono ukuba omabini amazwe ayakuvumela, nangona amanye amazwe emisela imiqathango okanye alinde amaxesha.

Ukuvunywa ngokusemthethweni kwabemi ababini yinkqubela-phambili yale mihla. Kwimbali yembali, amazwe amaninzi aye ajonga ukunyaniseka okubini ngokukrokreleka, esoyika ukunyaniseka okwahlukeneyo okanye iingxaki ekukhuseleni kwemithetho yezobuzwe. IConvention yeHague on Conflict of National Laws ka-1930 yazama ukucombulula ezi zinto, kodwa akuzange kude kube ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane yama-20 apho inani elandayo lamazwe laqalisa ukwamkela ubumi obubini njengezinto zokwenene. Namhlanje, kumazwe angaphezu kwe-30 avumela ubumi obunye obunye ukuba bungalinganiyo ngemo-mfokazi, nangona iimeko ezithile zingafani.

Iingenelo Zokuba Ngummi Olinganayo

Isicelo sokuba ngummi wamazwe amabini sixhomekeke kwiingenelo ezifumaneka kulo lonke ixesha lobomi.

Ukuhamba Nehlokondiba

Inzuzo ekhawulezileyo ye-UNICEF ye-Schengen Areant ikhuliswe yinkululeko yokuhamba. Ukubamba iipassport ukusuka kumazwe amabini kungandisa ngokuphawulekayo inani leendawo ezikhoyo kwi-visa-ekhowuni ye-vsa okanye kwi-i-ibrasss-on-ir. Umzekelo, ummi wamazwe womi wobabini eUnited States kunye nelungu le-EU ufumana ufikela kwi-Schengengi yengingqi evulekileyo kunye neenkqubo ze-vrasscator ezininzi ezinandivals ezinanditshwa yi-unitorsss. Olu luluvo lubaluleke ngokukhethekile kubahambi ngeminyaka, abantu abahamba ngeminye imimandla emininzi. Kwilizwe elingaxeshiyiki, i-pasi lokundwendwe lesibini likwayilonkelo lobugracki ngokuchasene nokungazinziswa kwe-geomea, ukuval-transportat, okanye ukuphulukanam ngenxa ye-mast.

Amathuba Ezoqoqosho Nangobuchule

Ukuba ngummi welizwe elithile kususa imiqobo emininzi ethintela ukuba umntu asebenze, afunde okanye enze ishishini. Abami belizwe badla ngokuvula iingcango zokusebenza apho ngaphandle kokufuna imvume okanye imvume yomsebenzi. Kumazwe amabini, oku kuthetha ukufikelela kwiimarike ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zemisebenzi, ezinokuba yingenelo kumsebenzi, ukukhutshwa kwemivuzo epheleleyo, kunye nemisebenzi yezemfundo. Ukufikelela kwiinkqubo zemfundo kumazwe omabini anokuvula iingcango zokufumana imvume yokusebenza ngaphandle kokufuna imvume yokusebenza. Abahlalisa iimali, kunye neenkqubo zokuqeqesha ezinokuthi ngandlel'ukwazo zingabikho kwimisebenzi yamazwe asemzini. Kwi-Europe Union, abemi bamazwe angamazwe akwimiqatha imirhumo yorhwebo ephantsi kwemali kumazwe amaninzi. Ukufumana kwempahla kulungile kubemi abaninzi kumazwe amaninzi kunakho ukuvuleka kwemibutho yamazwe angaphandle, ukuthenga impahla, nokungenayo, ukuhlawula nakungenelela kwimisebenzi ezoqoqosho, yaye kungabikho nemiqatha kwimisebenzi engakumbi.

Iingenelo Entlalweni Namaqhina Eentsapho

Ubumi bobumi bamakhaya bunganikezela kwiinkqubo zonyango, iinzuzo zokhuseleko loluntu, kunye neenkqubo zempesheni kuwo omabini amazwe. Kuwo omabini amazwe, oku kuthetha ukuba abantu abathatha umhlala-phantsi banokukhetha indawo yokuhlala nendlela yokufumana inkxaso yezonyango. Kwiintsapho, ubumi bazo obubini buvumela ilifa, ilungelo lokugcina inzala, kunye nesikhundla esisemthethweni sabantwana abazalelwe kwelinye ilizwe kubazali kwelinye. Kumgangatho wobuqu, ukuba abantu abahlala apho bagcine unxulumano olunzulu lwenkcubeko nolwezobufa kumazwe omabini ngaphandle kokunyanzelwa ukuba bakhethe igama elinye elisemthethweni kwelinye. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kubaphambukeli nakunye nabantwana babo, kwanabazali babo, kwanakubazali babo.

Ukuba Nenxaxheba Kwezobupolitika

Kumazwe amaninzi, ngabemi kuphela abanokuvota kunyulo lwesizwe, babe nesikhundla sikawonke-wonke, okanye basebenze kwimibutho yejaji. Abemi abatsha bangathabatha inxaxheba kubomi bezopolitiko lwamazwe omabini, bawanike igunya kwimigaqo echaphazela ubomi babo. Amanye amazwe avumela amazwe amabini ukuba avote kunyulo lwamazwe angaphandle, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuhlala ebandakanyekile kungakhathaliseki ukuba ahlala phi na.

Ucelomngeni Neengxaki Ezingokwemithetho

Ngoxa iingenelo zokuba ngummi wamazwe amabini zininzi, iingxaki ezingokwasemthethweni nezisebenzisekayo zinokuba baluleke ngokufanayo. Ukuthobela iimbopheleleko zamazwe amabini kufuna ukuceba ngenyameko yaye kwiimeko ezininzi, icebiso lobugcisa.

Ukuhlawulwa kwerhafu nokukhutshwa kwemali

Irhafu yenye yezona ndawo zintsonkothileyo kubemi ababini. Irhafu yaseUnited States yabemi bayo kwingeniso yabo yehlabathi lonke, kungakhathaliseki ukuba bahlala phi. Oku kuthetha ukuba ummi wase-US owamkela ubumi baseKhanada kufuneka abhalise irhafu yase-US nyaka ngamnye, nokuba uhlala eKhanada kwaye afumane yonke ingeniso. Nangona iirhafu nerhafu zamanye amazwe zinganciphisa irhafu ephindwe kabini, umthwalo othotywayo ubanzi. Amanye amazwe, njenge-Eritrea, nawo angenawo abemi baseburhulumenteni, kodwa amazwe amaninzi ahlawula irhafuthe esekelwe kwirhafu engekho semthethweni. Ngaphandle kwemali anokufumana iimfuno zemali, irhafuthensi enxulumene nerhafu, irhafu, kunye nokubika iingxelo zemali yamazwe angaphandle. Ukungathotyelwa kweziphumo ezibundlongo.

Inkonzo yasemkhosini nezibopho zesizwe

Amanye amazwe afuna inkonzo yomkhosi enyanzelekileyo kubemi bawo, kuquka namazwe amabini. Oku kuye kwakhokelela kwiimfazwe apho umntu enyanzelelwa ukuba asebenze kwimikhosi exhobileyo yelizwe elinye nokuba ahlala kwelinye ilizwe. Nangona amazwe amaninzi enezivumelwano okanye akhululekile kwizivumelwano zokoqobo okanye angenamqathango kubemi ababini, umngcipheko uyaqhubeka, ingakumbi kumadoda aselula kumazwe akwimithetho ekhutheleyo yokunyanzelisa. Amanye amagunya esizwe, anjengomsebenzi wejaji, ukubala inani, okanye ukuthobela ulawulo lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, angenza iingxaki kumazwe ahlala kwamanye amazwe ahlukahlukeneyo.

Ukhuseleko oluDiplomatic kunye nokufikelela okungqukuva

Enye yezinto ezingafane zixutyushwe kakhulu ezichaphazela ubumi bobumi obubini obunxulumene nokukhusela kwezizwe ngezizwe. Phantsi komthetho wezizwe ngezizwe, ilizwe lingangakhuselwa lilizwe elibini elichasene nelinye ilizwe lomntu ahlala kulo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba ummi wase-US-Israel obini ungena engxakini esemthethweni kwaSirayeli, iUnited States isenokuba ilinganiselwe kumandla ayo okunikela uncedo lobuzwe. Ngokufanayo, ukuba amazwe amabini anengxabano, amazwe amabini angazibona esesikhuselini, engakwazi ukuzifumana ukuba neso sikhuseli esingenakukhuseleka ngokupheleleyo kwilizwe ngalinye. Lo mqobo umiselwe ngumgaqo wokulingana kwamazwe nangoko ukuba abemi bangenako ukusebenzisa ilizwe elinye ukuphuma kwiimbopheleleko zomnye.

Imiqathango Yokuphatha Iofisi Kawonke - wonke

Amazwe amaninzi amisela imiqathango kubemi ababini abanezikhundla ezithile zikarhulumente, ingakumbi ezo zibandakanya ukhuseleko lwesizwe, ubukrelekrele, okanye uthethathethwano oluphezulu. Kwezinye iimeko, abemi ababini abasebenzi bakwalelwa ukuba bakhonze njengabagwebi, amagosa asemkhosini, okanye amalungu epalamente. Ingqiqo kukuba ukunyaniseka okwahlukeneyo kunokubangela ukhuseleko okanye kubangele iingxwabangxwaba zezinxaxwaba zoluntu. Nangona le miqathango iqheleke kakhulu kunangaphambili, bahlala kwiindawo kumazwe aliqela, kuquka iPhilippines, iAustralia, kunye nezizwe ezithile zeCaribbean.

Umngcipheko Wokuphulukana Nobumi Ngokuzenzekelayo

Imithetho yobumi inokutshintsha. Ilizwe elivumela ubumi bamazwe amabini ngoku lisenokuyitshintsha imiqathango yalo okanye imithetho yokufuduka, lingayinyanzela ukuba abantu bakhethe ubuzwe obubodwa okanye baphulukane nengozi yokungabi nabumi kwelo lizwe. Oku kuye kwenzeka kwiminyaka yakutshanje kumazwe afana neNepal neDominican Republic. Nangona iinguqu ezinjalo zinqabile, zigxininisa ukubaluleka kokuqonda ukuqina kwemithetho yobumi kuwo omabini amazwe.

Ingqikelelo-magama lwehlabathi kunye noguquguquko lwenkqubo

Akukho mazwe mabini angena kubumi obubini ngendlela efanayo. Iindidi zomndilili ukusuka kulwamkelo olupheleleyo ukuya kufutshane nomthetho opheleleyo, namazwe amaninzi ahlala kumhlaba ophakathi ovumela ubumi obubini phantsi kweemeko ezithile.

Amazwe Avumela Ubumi Bamaqabane Ukuba Bukhulu

EKhanada, eUnited States, eUnited Kingdom, eOstreliya, eNew Zealand, nakumazwe amaninzi eEuropean Union avumela ubumi obubini bungathintelwa. Kula mazwe, ubumi budla ngokunikwa ekuzalweni, ngokuzalwa, okanye ngokuzalwa, yaye abantu abanyanzelekanga ukuba balahle ezinye iintlanga zabo. Utyekelo olukula mazwe luye lwamkeleka ngakumbi, luqhutywa kukudityaniswa kwehlabathi, ukusetyenziswa kwemisebenzi, nokugqalwa kwemibutho yamafaspora lunegalelo kwizoqoqosho nenkcubeko.

Amazwe Anemiqathango Evumelekileyo

Amanye amazwe avumela ubumi obubini kodwa kunye namabharatha. IJamani ifuna ukuba abemi bendalo balahle ubuzwe babo bangaphambili ngaphandle kokuba bafumane umahluko, njengokwe-EU okanye abemi baseSwitzerland, okanye ukuba ukuphinda-phinda akusebenzi okanye akungqinelani nokungabi nangqiqo. ISpeyin ivumela ubumi obubini kodwa kuphela kumazwe athile ase-Ibero-American, i-Andorra, iPhilippines, i-Equalial Guinea, kunye nePortugal. Abemi abadaliweyo bamanye amazwe kufuneka balahle ubuzwe babo bangaphambili. I-Switzerland ivumela ubumi obuphinda-phindene ngaphandle kwemiqathango yabemi bendalo, kodwa inkqubo eyahlukileyo ngomzini Afrika ivumela ubumi obubini kodwa kufuneka ukuba abantu baphinde bafumane ubumi bolunye uhlanga, okanye balahlekelwe ngokobungozi.

Amazwe Athintela Ukuba Ngummi Ozimeleyo Okanye Ayabathathi - nxaxheba

Kumazwe amaninzi amakhulu angaziqondi ukuba luluphi uhlanga olubini. I-Indiya, iJapan, iSingapore, neSaudi Arabia ziphakathi kwemizekelo ephawulekayo. Kula mazwe, ukufumana olunye uhlanga ngokuzenzekelayo kuphumela ekulahlekelweni ngummi wangaphambili. Kubantu abazalwa benemi emibini yobumi kula mazwe, kusoloko kukho imfuneko yokukhetha olunye uhlanga ngeminyaka ethile. IJapan kufuneka abantu bakhethe ngeminyaka engama-2 ubudala, kunye neIndiya, nangona inika ubumi obukhethekileyo obuseIndiya (OC) ubumi obunika inzuzo emifutshane yobumi obupheleleyo. Le migaqo isoloko isekelwe kwimbali ethetha ngomanyano lwesizwe, ukhuseleko, okanye umnqweno wokuhlala ngokuhlala ngokucacileyo. Kumazwe amakhulu ahlala abantu, njengokuba iIndiya kunye neTshayina, iqhubeka ukuncokola ngemiqatha ethetha ngolu hlobo olulungeyo lwemiqatha lwesizwe.

Utyekelo Lwengingqi Neenguqu Zakutshanje

Intsingiselo yehlabathi jikelele kumashumi eminyaka aliqela adluleyo iye yayamkeleka kakhulu ubumi obubini. Kuwo onke amazwe aquka i-Ireland, iNetherlands, iSweden, neSouth Korea, i-European Union, nembono yayo yobumi be-EU, iphumele ngokufanelekileyo ubumi obubini kumazwe ayo angamalungu. Kumazwe asakhasayo, intsingiselo ixubene kakhulu. Amanye amazwe eAfrika, ne-Caribbean athathe ubumi obudibeneyo njengendlela yokukhuthaza ubumi belizwe nokuzigcina imali kwilizwe lawo. Abanye baye baxhathisa, ukoyika ukukhupha okanye ukulahleka kolawulo lwamazwe. IMelika ibone ukuhambela phambili, amazwe anjengeBrazil, Mexico, i-Argentinasss. Ukuvavavavavavava kwemini kwemiqatha yemiqatha yeminye imithetho yelizwe [5] [5] kunye ne-EUTrometomes]

Inkcitho yeNkcubeko yeNtshona Koloni

Ukuba ngummi wesizwe okudibeneyo akuyonto nje esemthethweni; kuchaphazela indlela amazwe asebenzisana ngayo kunye nabemi bawo bakwamanye amazwe. Ukwanda kobumi obubini kuye kwacel ’ umngeni iingcamango ezingokwesithethe zolawulo, umanyano, kunye nokhuseleko lwezobuzwe. Ukuthumela amazwe amabini, ubumi bamazwe anokuba sisixhobo sokugcina amaqhina anxulumene nabemi be-diaspora. Amazwe amaninzi aye azisa amalungiselelo aphindiweyo okukhuthaza abaphambukeli kunye nabantwana bawo ukuba bagcine unxibelelwano, bafake ingeniso kwizoqoqosho lwamakhaya, kwaye babe nenxaxheba kubomi bezobupolitika. Amazwe afana neMexico, iColombia, kunye nePhilippines aye akhuthaza ngamandla ukuba abe ngummimi ndawonye njengenxalenye yemibutho yabo.

Uphando lubonise ukuba ubumi obubini bunxulumene nolwandiso lwendalo kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwezoqoqosho. Noko ke, ubumi obubini bungadala ingxwabangxwaba yentlalo. Xa amazwe amabini enokuba nobumi obungavumelani nobumi bawo bangaphambili bungakulungela ukukhuselwa, nto leyo enokuthi ibangele ukuba ingxabano ivele. Xa amazwe amabini akhuphisane ngokuzinikela komntu ngamnye, ingxabano ingavela. Oku kubonakala kakhulu kwiimeko ezibandakanya inkonzo yasemkhosini, irhafufuthe, okanye ukudityaniswa kwemali. Ezinye izivumelwano zokothotho lwemizo zorhwebo ziye zadityaniswa nezi ngxabano eziphezulu. Kodwa izikhala eziseleyo zihlala. Inkxazo zikazwe zicalulwe njengesizathu sokuncitshiswa kobuminyana. Abagxeki-ntlalo-ntle bamazwe ngamazwe anokuchasana kwiimpembelelo ezahlukahlukeneyo kwiingxabano okanye kwingxabano zoburhulumente bamanye amazwe ngenxa yokhuseleko oluqhubekayo.

Impembelelo Yezoqoqosho Nezentlalo

Iziphumo zezoqoqosho zobumi obubini zibanzi kwaye zichaphazela abantu ngabanye namazwe. Kumgangatho womntu ngamnye, ubumi obubini, ubumi bamazwe bungandisa amathuba okufumana ingeniso, amathuba otyalo-mali, nokufikelela kwiinkonzo zoluntu. Kumgangatho wemacro, iimpembelelo ezimbini zobumi bomhlaba wokufuduka, imfuno-ntle, kunye norhwebo lwamazwe asemzini. Amazwe angaphandle anokuphinda abe nabemi amakhaya anokuthumela ubumi obubini, afake amashishini, angenele, kwaye abandakanyeke ekudluliseni ulwazi namazwe awo asuka kwamanye amazwe. Kumazwe asakhasayo, oku kusenokuba ngumthombo obalulekileyo wentengiselwano nakwezoqoqosho. IBhangengow World Bank iphawu lokuba amazwe afikelele kumgangatho osezantsi naphakathi wezigidi ezingama-R6666662,000, kunye nemithetho-omi bobumi basezweni elungele ukuhla kwemi kuhla-2023, kwaye i-ondminye i-ondrenti i-odmi.

Ubumi bobumi babanye buchaphazela naleyo ishishini lemisebenzi. Iingcaphephe ezinabumi ababini zingahamba ngokukhululekileyo phakathi kwamazwe, zizalise izithuba zobuchule kunye negalelo lokuhlaziya. Oku kuhamba kungenza ukuba amazwe athile aphelelwe ngubuchopho kodwa amanye abe nenzuzo ebuchotsheni. Isiphumo somnatha sixhomekeke kwiinkqubo ezithile kunye neemeko zezoqoqosho zelizwe ngalinye. Ngokwentlalo, ubumi obubini bukhuthaza ukutshintshisana kwenkcubeko nokuqondana. Iintsapho ezinamaqhina kumazwe amabini zisebenza njengebhulolo phakathi kwezithethe, zikhuthaza ukunyamezelana kunye nentsebenziswano yezizwe ngezizwe. Kodwa ke, ubumi bamazwe ahlukeneyo bungabangela ingxabano phakathi kwemibutho, ingakumbi xa kuvela iingxabano zezobupolitika phakathi kwamazwe amabini.

Imikhwa Yakutshanje Nemilinganiselo Efanelekileyo Ephuculayo

Umhlaba wobumi obubini uyaqhubeka ujikeleza. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kuvele intsingiselo ephawulekayo:

• ubumi obusekelwe kwi-investition: Amazwe aliqela, ingakumbi eCaribbean nase-Europe, anika ubumi ngeenkqubo zotyalo-mali ezivumela abantu abatyebileyo ukuba bafumane ipasistiki yesibini ukutshintshisa ngegalelo elikhulu lemali. Ezi nkqubo ziye zathandwa kakhulu, nangona zitsalele uphando malunga noqwalaselo oluphathelele ukubonakala mhlophe nokhuseleko.
• Imigaqo-nkqubo yemisebenzi e-Digal nomad kunye nokwenye indawo: Ukunyuka komsebenzi okude kuye kwakhokelela amanye amazwe ukuba azise iimvume ezikhethekileyo okanye iindlela zokuya kubemi abami bamazwe ngamazwe, zifinyeza imigca phakathi kwendawo yokuhlala yexeshana kunye nobumi obusisigxina.
• Ukutshintsha kwemigaqo-nkqubo yaseYurophu: Amanye amazwe e-EU, kuquka iPortugal kunye neMalta, aye atshintsha imithetho yawo yobumi ukuze atsale abanikeli-mali kunye nabasebenzi abanobuchule, ngoxa amanye aneemfuno eziqinileyo ngenxa yeengcinezelo zobupolitika.
• Ukuhamba okubambekayo : Njengoko imozulu itshintsha, amanye amazwe ahlola imizekelo emitsha yobumi ethetha ngeimbacu zemozulu kunye nokuhamba komda onqamlezayo.
• Ubugcisa kunye nobumi bamanani: Ingcamango yobumi bamanani okanye umongameli, owaba nguvulindlela ngoEstonia, ibuyisela iingcamango zesithethe malunga noqhagamshelwano phakathi kobukho bokwenyama namalungelo obumi.

Ezi zicwangciso zicebisa ukuba ubumi obubini buza kuhlala bungummandla onamandla nokhuphiswano lomthetho kunye nenkqubo. Ukutshona okunzulu kwimigaqo-nkqubo yobumi ejikelezayo, i- Iqumrhu lomgaqo-nkqubo wolwahlulo-mthetho [[[FLT: 1] inika iingxelo zohlaziyo nophando oluthe rhoqo.

Ukunyamekela Abantu

Kubantu abafuna ukuba ngummi wesibini okanye abafuna ukuba ngummi wasemzini, kufuneka benze amanyathelo angakumbi:

• uphando lwemithetho yawo omabini amazwe: imithetho yobumi inokuba nzima kwaye ibe phantsi kokutshintsha. Khangela imithombo karhulumente osemthethweni okanye iingcali zomthetho kuwo omabini amagunya.
• ngaphantsi kwerhafu ezifunekayo : misela ukuba la mazwe mabini irhafu esekelwe kubumi okanye kwimvumelwano zerhafu ikhona na ukunqanda irhafu ephindwe kabini.
• Ityala lenkonzo yasemkhosini : Ukuba ilizwe lifuna inkonzo yasemkhosini, qonda imfuno kunye nayiphi na intengiselwano yezizwe ezibini.
• Gcina uxwebhu olululo : Gcina iipass, izatifiketi zobumi, kunye namanye amaxwebhu asemthethweni akhoyo. Lumka kwimfuno zokuhlaziya kunye nemihla yokuphelelwa.
• Cinga ngeziphumo zamalungu entsapho: Ukuba ngummi wesibini kungachaphazela amaqabane, abantwana, kunye nezinye iinkonzo ezixhomekeke kumalungu entsapho. Qinisekisa ukuba amalungu entsapho ayazi ukuba akwimo esemthethweni kunye neemfuno.
• [[UMTL:0] Inkqubo itshintsha [: imithetho yobumi ingatshintsha. Hlala wazi ngenkqubela phambili kuwo omabini amazwe anokuchaphazela ubume okanye iimfuno zakho.
• Funa amacebiso obugcisa: Ngokuqwalasela ubuntsonkotha bobumi obubini, ukudibana negqwetha okanye ingcali yerhafu ejongene nemicimbi yemida enqamlezayo isoloko ifanelekile.

Kwabo bacinga ngokufumana ipasisport yesibini ngokutyalwa okanye ngokuhla, oovimba abanjenge Henley & Umbindi womsebenzi wobumi wesandla [[FLT: 1] unika ugcino-lwazi lothelekiso kunye nokhokelo.

Isiphelo

Ukuba ngummi ngokwezimilo ezihlukeneyo kuxhomekeke kumthetho osemthethweni obonisa ukudibana kunye nokuhamba kobomi banamhlanje. Kunika iingenelo eziphawulekayo, kuquka inkululeko yokuhamba, amathuba ezoqoqosho, kunye namandla okugcina amaqhina anzulu kwilizwe elinye. Kwangaxeshanye, kunezintlukwano zokwenene ezisemthethweni, ukusuka kwirhafu yerhafu ukuya kwiimfuno zelizwe, ezifuna ubuchule bokuhamba ngenqanawa. Kuba oorhulumente, ubumi obubini bunika amathuba kunye neengxaki. Bungaqinisa amaqhina neendawo zoluntu ezidiapora, ukukhuthaza ukudiamka okuzinza, nokukhuthaza ukutshintshisana ngezoqoqosho. Kodwa kwakhona kuphakamisa imibuzo engoko ukhuseleko, ulawulo, nentsingiselo yokunyaniseka kwihlabathi elihlaziweyo. Njengoko imithetho iqhubeka nokusabela kwintsabelo ekufudukeni, ezobugcisa, kunye nokuguquguqula kweendawo, ubumi bahlala bebonke ubumi bahlala beluhlalu bemi, abenzi benkqubo kunye nabafundi abambalwa benkqubo, ukuqondanabo bamazwe abenza ngolwazi olusemthethweni; ukungokubandakanye nje ukuva; ukuva, ukuva, ukuva, ukuva, ukuva,