Indima ebalulekileyo yogcino-lwazi lobalo kwiinkonzo zexesha likaxakeka

Iinkonzo zexesha lengxaki zikho ukukhusela ubomi nempahla ngexesha leengxaki, ukusuka kwiintlekele zemvelo kunye nezifo ezimandundu ukuya kwiingozi zoshishino kunye nezenzo zobugrogrisi. Ukusebenza kwezi nkonzo kuxhomekeke ekulungiseleleni ngokucokisekileyo, nto leyo exhomekeke ekuqondeni ngokucokisekileyo koluntu abalukhonzayo. Ugcino-lwazi lwezibonelelo lunika isiseko soluntu kunye nobuchule belizwe abacebe ngengozi abasebenzisa ukwandisa izinto, indlela zokukhulula, ukuqwebela izibonelelo, kunye nabasebenzi bololiwe. Ngaphandle kokuchananekileyo, kwabona bantu bafumana ugcino-lwazi olungxamisekileyo, kwaneyo elona nkqubo yokuphendula ngongxamiseko lungaphumelela xa bevavanywa.

Amaziko olawulo longxamiseko akhoyo kummandla wasekuhlaleni, kurhulumente, nakurhulumente axhomekeke kwizixhobo ezintsonkothileyo zemithombo yogcino-lwazi. Phakathi kwezi, ukubalwa kwabantu kwaphela kunye nophando olunxulumene nalo olufana neMelika Community Survey (ACS) inikela eyona mbono ibanzi yabemi. Le nkcazelo iphembelela yonke into ukusuka kwindawo yesikhululo somlilo ukuya kwinani lee-ambulambhu ezifunekayo kwindawo ethile, kunye nokusuka kumandla oluntu kwimigangatho esebenzayo yeeNkonzo ze-Emergency Medical (EMS). Eli nqaku lihlolisisa unxulumano oluntsonkothile phakathi kobalo lwe-data kunye nokucwangcixokelelwa kweenkonzo zongxalo, ingcaciso ngendlela ulwazi lobuphindo oluqokelelwa ngayo, oluqwayo, nolusetyenziswayo ukuze lwakhele uluntu olune.

Ukuqonda Ugcino - lwazi Lobalo: Ngaphandle Kwendlela Ephambili

Ibinzana elithi “i-data” liquka okungaphezulu kakhulu kwenani labantu abahlala kummandla othile. Ubalo-manani lwangoku lwesizwe luqokelela ulwazi ngeminyaka, isini, uhlanga, imvelaphi yekhaya, ingeniso, imfundo, imisebenzi, iimpawu zokuhlala, kunye nokuhamba kwelizwe. E-United States, i-U.S. Breaunication Bureaution iqhuba inani labantu abahlaliyo kwiminyaka eli-10 kwaye ivelisa uqikelelo oluthelekelelwa kakhulu nge-ACS ngonyaka. Ezi zinto zifumaneka ngokubanzi kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngabacebi bezinto, abaphandi kunye nabaquququzeli bemi.

Ugcino-lwazi lweQhosha lokuBona iNgxelo yoNyaka

Abacebi bexesha likaxakeka bajolise ingqalelo kwiinguqu eziliqela ezicacileyo ezisuka kugcino-lwazi oluchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukwenziwa komsebenzi:

  • Ubunzima bobuphengululi nokusasazwa: iindawo zasedolophini ezisedolophini zifuna iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuphendula kunemimandla yasemaphandleni enabemi abambalwa. Ubuninzi babemi bandisa ubungozi bosasazo olukhawulezileyo lwezifo, yenza kube nzima ukufuduka, kwaye kugxininisa kwimfuno yeenkonzo zongxamiseko.
  • Isakhiwo se- Age: iziko elinabemi abakhulileyo okanye abantwana abaselula lifuna unyango olukhethekileyo, isantya esicothayo sokuphuma kwenqanawa, kunye neenkonzo ezisemgangathweni zokuxhasa. Abakhulileyo basengozini kakhulu ngexesha le-itwave, iindyikitya, kunye nomphandle wamandla.
  • [[NTL:0] Ubume bentlalo-ntle yezoqoqosho: ingingqi ezifumana imali ephantsi zisoloko zinezithuthi zobuqu ezimbalwa, ukungakwazi ukufikelela kwizithuthi zonyango, kunye nezindlu ezikhulileyo ezinokuchanabeka kakhulu ekonakaleni. Ubalo lwenkcazelo ngengeniso, amazinga obuhlwempu, kunye nabacebisi bezithuthi abajolise kwizinto ezijoliswe kwezona zisweleyo.
  • udidi oluthe tye kunye nohambo: amakhaya ahambayo, izakhiwo zokuhlala eziphezulu ezinyukayo, kunye namakhaya entsapho enye ngalinye elikhoyo iingozi ezahlukeneyo ngexesha lentlekele. Iimpahla zegazi zinokuba neempendulo ezicothayo zogcino, kunye nezakhiwo ezininzi zifuna ukucinezelwa komlilo kunye nezicwangciso zokukhutshwa.
  • ulwimi kunye nemeko yokukhubazeka: uhlolo lokulinganisela lufumana ulwazi ngeelwimi ezithethwa ekhaya nokwanda kwesiphene esifana nokuva, ukubona, okanye ukungakwazi ukuhamba. Olu gcino-lwazi lunceda ukudalwa kwezilumkiso ezifikelelekayo, amaphulo olwazi lukawonke-wonke, kunye neemfuno ezikhethekileyo zobhaliso.
  • Iipateni zokuququzelela: Ukuqukuqela kwabantu phakathi kwekhaya kunye nomsebenzi kuthetha ukuba abantu basemini kwimimandla yamashishini banokuba bakhulu ngokuphindwe kaninzi kunabemi belizwe abahlala kulo. Abacebi bexesha likaxakeka basebenzisa ugcino-lwazi lokuhamba ukuya kumsebenzi wohambo ukuqikelela inani labantu kwindawo ekwixesha elahlukeneyo lemini, elinzima kwiziganeko ezifana nengozi zoshishino ezenzeka ngexesha leyure yephulo.

Indlela Ugcino-lwazi lobalo oluzitshintsha ngayo ngokuthe ngqo iinkonzo zexesha lengxaki

Iinkonzo zexesha likaxakeka ziquka imisebenzi emininzi, kwaye inkcazelo yokubala ichukumisa ngamnye ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

ISebe lomlilo: Indawo yesikhululo nokuxhotyiswa

Isebe lobalo-mlilo lisebenzisa ugcino-lwazi lokufumana iindawo ezifanelekileyo zezikhululo zomlilo, inani labacimi bomlilo abafunekayo, kunye neentlobo zezixhobo ezifunekayo. Imigangatho emiswe yiNational Develoption Association (NFPA) incomela ukuba izitishi zomlilo zibekwe kuqala ukuze inkampani ye-injini ifike kwimizuzu emine yokubiza kwimimandla yasedolophini kunye nemizuzu emi-6 kwiindawo zasemaphandleni. Abaqhubi basebenzisa ubunzima babantu kunye nothungelwano lwezitrato ukufuzisela amaxesha okuphendula nokuchonga izikhongozeli. Ugcino-data lokwakha ubude, uhlobo, kunye neminyaka yezakhiwo zinceda ukuxela umngcipheko womlilo. Umzekelo, abantu abakwizakhiwo ezinamaplanga amadala bafuna iinkqubo eziphezulu zokuzinzo eziyingozi zokuziko lomlilo kunye nokuhamba komlilo.

Ukongezelela, ugcino-lwazi olukhuthaza ubugxwayiba bentlalo-ntle yezoqoqosho lunceda amasebe omlilo alungisa imigudu yemfundo kawonke-wonke. Imimandla efumana imali ephantsi isoloko ineqondo eliphezulu lokufa okunxulumene nomlilo ngenxa yokunqongophala komsi, uqheliselo olungakhuselekanga lokufudumeza, kunye nezindlu ezizeleyo. Iinkqubo zokufakelwa kwemichiza yesandi somsi kunye nezicima-mlilo zixhomekeke ekwazini aba bantu.

IiNkonzo zonyango zexesha leMfuno-mali (EMS): Izixhobo

Ucwangciso lwe-EMS luxhomekeke kakhulu kugcino-lwazi lokubala abantu ukuze luxele kwangaphambili imiqulu, ukumisela uphando lwezigulane, kunye nokuceba iziganeko zokonakaliswa kwabantu abaninzi. Ixesha lobudala lelona xesha linamandla kakhulu lokuxela iingxaki zempilo: abantu abadala basebenzisa i-EMS ngesantya esingaphezulu ngokuphindwe kabini ukuya kwabancinane. Abacebisi basebenzisa ugcino-lwazi oluqinisekisiweyo lobudala ukuqikelela inani labanonongeli-mali kunye nee-ambumbulensi ezifunekayo nyaka ngamnye. IKhomishini yeMbale yeMxhefu yeNxuwa yeSibhe se-Out - Hos Cardiac ibandakanya ukunyuka kwabemi abadala abakhulileyo ukucebisa ukunikezelwa kwe-AD kunye neenkqubo zokuqeqesha i-CPR.

Ubalo lwenkcazelo yokwanda kwezifo ezinganyangekiyo aluqokelelwanga ngqo, kodwa imeko yentlalo yentlalo kunye neemeko zezezoqoqosho kunye nezindlu zikho ngokuvotelwa ngokungqongqo. Iingingqi ezinexabiso eliphezulu lobuhlwempu kunye nokufumana imfundo ephantsi zidla ngokuba nexabiso eliphezulu lesifo seswekile, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nesifuba somoya, konke okunyusa imfuno ye-EMS. Abalungiseleli banganqumla amaphecana ababalwayo abangenisi abangenisi-ziwa esibhedlele kunye nogcino-data oluxelwe kwangaphambili lweenqwelo zentsimbi ezifuna iimfuno.

Ukunyanzeliswa koMthetho: Ukuthintelwa kolwaphulo-mthetho Nokusabela

Nangona kungeyonkonzo yongxamiseko, ukunyanzeliswa komthetho kuyinxalenye ephambili yokusabela ngongxamiseko ngexesha lesiphithiphithi samakhaya, ukuhlasela kwabanqolobi, kunye nokufuduka okusikelwe ngamaqondo amakhulu. Ubalo-mali lwamapolisa lunceda amasebe ogcino-lwazi ukuba anike amajoni asekelwe kulwabelo lwabemi, ukuhlahlela nokubiza imigangatho yesandi samanani, kunye nemigaqo yeSebe leSizwe leSizwe le-Cuvitial Policimbing Senkonzo (COPS) isebenzisa ulwazi lokubala abantu ukuze kubonwe ukuba amaziko anokungenelwa kwimali yoorhulumente okanye ubugcisa obuninzi.

Ngexesha longxamiseko olufuna ulawulo lwesihlwele okanye ukugcinwa kwexesha, ukwazi inani labemi besithili sorhwebo emini kubalulekile. Ubalo-mali lweendawo zomzi lutyhila ukuba iindawo ezininzi ezisedolophini zinabemi abahlala phantsi kodwa amanani amakhulu abantu abahambayo imihla ngemihla, oko kuthetha ukuba izicwangciso zokufuduka kufuneka zibangele ukwanda kokwexeshana kwabemi.

Ukulungiselelwa Kwentlekele Nokusabela

Kumgangatho wamaziko olawulo longxamiseko, ugcino-lwazi lusisiseko seeplani zokukhusela abantu kwingozi, ukulungiselela ukufuduka, kunye nokubala amandla okufihla intloko. Enye yezona zicelo zineenkcukacha ikulawulo lwe- oluneeflooplain [. IFEMA isebenzisa ugcino-lwazi lwamanani aphakathi komgangatho wabemi kunye nengozi yemasti eyingozi ukuqikelela inani labantu abafuna ukuphuma ngexesha lesiganeko semvula esimalunga nekhulu leminyaka. Olu lwazi lukhokela indawo yekhusikhuseli, ukuvalwa kwezithuthi zamanzi aphezulu, kunye namaqela angaphambili okuhlangula amanzi akhawulezayo.

Ngexesha lesifo se-COVID-19, iziko loLawulo lwezifo nothintelo (CDC) lixhomekeke kugcino-lwazi lokubala abantu olunomngcipheko omkhulu weziphumo ezinzima. Isalathisi se-CDC esisebenzisa i-ACS, lisebenzisa amaphecana afana nobuhlwempu, ukunqongophala kwezithuthi, kunye nezindlu ezizeleyo. Isebe loluntu lisebenzisa i-SVI ukunyusa ukusasaza isitofu, ukuvavanya iindawo, kunye namaphulo okuhlola abantu. Izibhedlele zisebenzisa ugcino-data ukusungula i-ACSCU, iimfuno ze-ICU kunye nezimfuneko zokusebenza.

Imizekelo yehlabathi lokwenene kunye nezifundo zetyala

Uphando olufunyenwe kwiintlekele zakutshanje lubonisa amandla kunye nokulinganiselwa kwenkcazelo yabemi.

Inkanyamba uKatrina (2005)

Mhlawumbi owona mzekelo umbi wokungaphumelelanga kocwangciso longxamiseko kwenzeka xa inkanyamba uKatrina yahlasela iNew Orleans. Uphando lwePost-distaster lwatyhila ukuba ugcino-lwazi oluchanekileyo lokubala abantu lubonise ukuba inxalenye enkulu yabemi yayingenazo iimoto zobuqu .Akwaba malunga nama-27% amakhaya eNew Orleans ayengenayo imoto. Nangona oku, iinjongo zokuzikhulula zacinga ukuba ziyaziphepha. Iziphumo zaba yintlekele yoluntu apho amawaka abantu aye axineze. Emva koko u-FEMA wahlaziya imigaqo yokususa imoto efuna ukuqwalaselwa kwemoto, ubuhlwempuze, kunye nemeko yesiphene.

EKhalifoniya itsha lula (2017-2020)

Ngexesha lemililo yemfazwe yasemntla California, njengeTubs Fire kunye neKampu yomlilo, iinkonzo zongxamiseko zijongene nocelomngeni kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi ezinendlela ezimxinwa kunye nendlela ezisikelwe umda. Abalungiseleli basebenzisa ubalo lwabantu ukuchaza abantu abakhulileyo abaphezulu kunye neentsapho ezingenazo izithuthi. Kwezinye iindawo, ukuthotyelwa komthetho wokuphepha kwaphuculwa ngokujoliswa kwezilumkiso ezisekelwe kwiilwimi ezithetha ii-ACS kwiilwimi ezithethwa ekhaya. Emva koko imigudu yokuphucula ubalo lwamanani abantu kwasetyenziswa ukudibanisa ulwazi oluthintela ukufumaneka kwabantu ngemali esekelwe kwingeniso ekhoyo kunye nomonakalo wezindlu.

COVID-19 Pandemic (2020-2023)

Le ngxaki ibonisa indlela ebaluleke ngayo ugcino-lwazi lokubala ngokweemeko zongxamiseko. I-CDC yasetyenziswa kulo lonke ilizwe ukuchonga abantu apho oothunywashe bentlalo kunye nezakhiwo babangela ubungozi be-COVID-19. Umzekelo, amaphecana okubala aphezulu abasebenzi ababalulekileyo kwinkonzo yokutya okanye ubuchule bezempilo bajongene nomgangatho ophezulu wokutyhilwa. Ngeli xesha, amaphulo okusebenza kwe-carlyniki athunyelwa kwezi ndawo. Ngelinye ixesha, izibhedlele zasebenzisa ugcino-lwazi lokubala ekuthatheleni iimeko zexesha elizayo kunye ne-PPILE. ACS ekwalanee-data elungileyo ekhutshwayo ekwinkonzo entle yoluntu oluncinane maxa lizama ukuhlasela ngokunempumelelo.

Ucelomngeni Nesidanga Sogcino-lwazi Lobalo

Nangona zininzi iingenelo zayo, inkcazelo yokubala abantu ayifezekanga. Abacebi bexesha likaxakeka bamele bazi ukuba kukho imida engundoqo abangayi kukwazi ukuyenza.

Ixesha kunye nobuninzi

Ubalo-manani lweminyaka emi-5 luthatyathwa qho qho qho emva kweminyaka eli-10. Kuluntu oluninzi, iimpawu zabemi zingatshintsha ngokuphawulekayo ngelo xesha, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezifumana ulwando olukhawulezileyo okanye ezinokuncipha. I-ACS inika uqikelelo lwaminyaka le, kodwa kwiindawo ezincinane zomhlaba (amaphecana amandulo) uqikelelo lweminyaka emihlanu lunexesha eliphantsi ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu. Ukuphuhliswa kwezindlu ezintsha okanye ukuvalwa komzi-fektri kungaguqula amanani amanani anele oqikelelelwa ukuba angathembekanga.

Ukubala Abemi Abanzima

Amaqela athile adume ngokungabikho kubalo lwabantu, kuquka abantu abangenamakhaya, abaphambukeli abangaxelwanga, abemi bomthonyama abahlala kwiindawo ezithanda ukuhlalwa, nabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu.

Ulawulo lolawulo lwezibonelelo

I-Census Bureau ikujonga njengento enzulu ukuzifihla, ingakumbi emva kokuzalisekisa iindawo ezahlukeneyo zobuqu ngowama-2020. Ukukhusela abantu, ezinye iinkcukacha zemimandla emincinci kakhulu (iiblocks okanye amaqela ebloko) zingacinezelwa okanye ziphazamiseke. Oku kunokwenza kube nzima ukuceba iingingqi ezithile. Abaphathi bexesha likaxakeka kufuneka basoloko befaka iinkcukacha ezidityanisiweyo kwimimandla emikhulu, enokuthi ifihle imimandla yasekuhlaleni.

Amanani Asemini

Ubalo lwezixa zabantu lubanjwe kwindawo abahlala kuyo, hayi ngokuqhelekileyo apho behlala ebudeni bemini okanye ngexesha leziganeko ezikhethekileyo. Izixeko ezinkulu ezinjenge New York okanye iWashington, D.C., zinabemi emini abaphinda-phindwe kabini ukuya kwisithathu abantu abahlala khona ngenxa yokuhamba. Intlekele eyenzekayo kwi-2 PM ingafuna ukubaleka abantu abaninzi kakhulu kunokuba abahlali befuna. Abaqhubi basebenzisa uhambo oluya emsebenzini kunye nemilinganiselo yokuhamba kwefowuni ukulinganisela amakhaya emini, kodwa ezi ndlela azikamiselwa.

Utyekelo lwexesha elizayo: Ugcino-lwazi olufudusayo lobalo kunye nobugcisa bale mihla

Ulwalamano phakathi kobalo lwe-data kunye neenkonzo zongxamiseko luyatshintsha njengoko kuvela imithombo emitsha yogcino-lwazi kunye nezixhobo zobuntlola.

Ugcino-lwazi lwabemi bexesha lokwenene

Ugcino-lwazi lwendawo yefowuni evela kwizithuthi zezithuthi kunye neenkqubo ezifana ne-Google Mephu okanye i-Apple Mobilelity inganikezela kuqikelelo lwexesha lobunyani lokuba abantu bahlala phi nangawuphi na umzuzu. Le “ndlela yobuninzi babemi” ingabekwa ngamanani abantu abanokubalwayo ukuvelisa umfanekiso otyebileyo ngexesha likaxakeka. Umzekelo, ngexesha lokuwa kwe-2021 Surfdominium eFlorida, abaphathi-mikhosi basebenzisa i-data yecell phone ukuthelekelela inani labantu abangaphakathi kwesakhiwo xa kuwiswa, ukudityaniswa kobalo lwemi.

Ubuntlola obuyenziwe kunye nokuxela kwangaphambili

Imithetho-manani yokufunda umatshini ingadibanisa ugcino-lwazi olubalwayo kunye nokuxelwa kwangaphambili kwemozulu, ukwakhiwa koludwe lwenkcazelo, kunye nezithintelo zeziganeko zembali ukuxela kwangaphambili apho unxulumano longxamiseko lunokwenzeka khona. Amanye amasebe omlilo sele esebenzisa imodeli engaphambili kwimimandla ephezulu kwimozulu ngexesha lemozulu embi. Ezimodeli zixhomekeke kugcino-lwazi oluquka iziphumo eziquka ixesha lokubala njengexesha lokuhlala, ubuninzi babemi, kunye nengeniso.

Ubuchule bokulinganisa ugcino-lwazi obungcono

Imigudu efana neSebe loKhuseleko loLuntu loMmandla wase-U.S. iphucula indlela ugcino-lwazi lobalo olusetyenziswa ngayo xa kujoliswe ekuphathweni ngengozi. Ngokudibanisa iinkqubo zokuphaphamela ukubala, amagunya anokuthumela izilumkiso ezingenantambo kuphela kwiiseli ezilungiselela amaphecana okubala. Oku kuvumela izilumkiso ezichanekileyo ngaphandle kokumangalisa wonke ummandla.

Iingqeqesho Ezisemgangathweni Kubantu Abazilungiselelayo

Ukunyusa ixabiso lobalo-mali, abacebi bexesha likaxakeka mabathathe ezi ndlela zilandelayo:

  • Sebenzisa imithombo emininzi: Ungaze uxhomekeke kuphela kwiseti enye yogcino-lwazi. Idibanise i-data yokubala okungagqibelwanga kunye noqikelelo lwe-ACS, iingxelo zikarhulumente wasekuhlaleni, ugcino-lwazi lwesebe lempilo, kunye nohlolo loluntu.
  • hlaziya rhoqo: Uqikelelo lwemiba yamanani ubuncinane ngonyaka. Xa utshintsho olubalulekileyo lwenzeka (umz., inkqubela-phambili yezindlu, ukuvalwa kwezityalo), phinda ubale iimfuno zovimba.
  • Amalungu asekuhlaleni asebenza kunye noluntu: usebenza ngengeniso yasekuhlaleni, uluntu lokholo, nemibutho yenkcubeko inokubanceda ekuboneni abemi abambalwa okanye abasengozini ekhethekileyo.
  • Icebo lokuququzelela ukulingana: Sebenzisa ubungozi obusekelwe kubalo-manani ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkonzo zongxamiseko zahlulwe ngokufanelekileyo. ISVI yeyona ndawo ilungileyo yokuqalisa; abacwangcisi basekuhlaleni bangayicwangcisa ngogcino-lwazi olongezelelweyo.
  • izicwangciso zovavanyo ngemiboniso: Ziguqule iimeko zongxamiseko ezahlukeneyo usebenzisa idata yokubala ukuze kubonwe isiphumo. Umzekelo, sebenzisa imetata yeqonga ukuqhelisa ukuchitheka kwemichiza kummandla okwiqondo eliphezulu kwaye jonga ukuba ubuncwane bakho banele kusini na.
  • I-liverage evulekileyo yogcino-lwazi: Abameli abaninzi bolawulo lukaxakeka noBureau ngokwabo banika ugcino-lwazi olunobuhlobo olunokungeniswa kwizixhobo zokuzoba njenge-ArcGIS okanye i-QGIS.

Isiphelo

Ubalo lweenqwelo-mafutha, ukwenziwa kwemiboniso yempilo yoluntu, ulwazi lwamanani ludityaniswe kuyo yonke inkalo yocwangciso longxamiseko; kodwa sisixhobo esinamandla esixhasa ngqo umsebenzi weenkonzo zongxamiseko ukusindisa ubomi nokukhusela impahla. Ukusuka kwindawo yesikhululo somlilo kunye nokusebenza kweenqwelo-mafutha ukuya kulwakhiwo lwendlela zokufuduka kunye nokujoliswa kwamaphulo ezempilo kawonke-wonke, ulwazi lwamanani ludityaniswe kuyo yonke inkalo yocwangciso longxamiseko. Noko ke, abacebi kufuneka baphaphele ukulinganiselwa kogcino-lwazi, ngokukodwa malunga nokuhlahlela ixesha, nokukhuselwa kwamanani, kunye nezokukhusela. Ngokudibanisa ubalo oluqhelekileyo nobugcisa obuvelayo obusetyenziswayo kunye nokuhamba ngexesha lohlobo longxamiseko, iinkonzo zongxamiseko, iinkonzo zongxamiseko, ezisebenzayo, nezikwaziyo ukusetyenziswa.

Ulwalamano phakathi kogcino-lwazi oluchanileyo kunye nokusabela ngongxamiseko okunempumelelo kucacile: uluntu oluzivelise ngomgangatho ophezulu wobuntlola babemi lukulungele okungcono ukulungiselela okungalindelekanga. Njengoko iinguqu zemozulu kunye nabemi bedolophu banda kwaye besiya behluka, imfuneko yogcino-lwazi oluchanekileyo, olunokusetyenziswa iya kwanda. Iinkonzo zexesha likaxakeka ezibandakanya indlela yolwazi ekhawulezileyo ziya kufumaneka kakuhle ukuhlangabezana nocelomngeni lwexesha elizayo, ziqinisekisa ukuba akukho namnye oshiywe emva kwengxaki.

Ukuqhubeka ufunda, jonga kwi-U.S. Bureau ye-Cubration’s Inkqubo yexesha elide yenani labantu , iCDC' Isalathisi sobuNyaka[, kunye neFEMA’s . . iphepha.[FLT]]