Uncedo lwamazwe angaphandle nokhetho lwedemokhrasi kumazwe athe tye: Umsebenzi ocwangcisiweyo

Uncedo lwamanye amazwe lusoloko lusisiseko semigudu yezizwe ngezizwe yokuxhasa utshintsho lwedemokhrasi kumazwe abuthathaka. La mazwe ngokuqhelekileyo aphawulwa ngamaziko karhulumente abuthathaka, imibutho yemfazwe, kunye nokungathembani kwabantu ekulawuleni (/ukujongene nocelomngeni olunzulu ekulungiseleleni unyulo olunokuthenjwa. Uncedo lwangaphandle, xa luyilwe kwaye luphunyezwe ngokunempumelelo, lunganikezela ngoovimba ababalulekileyo, ubugcisa, kunye nezihlomelo zezobupolitika zokunceda la mazwe ukuba akhe iinkqubo zokhetho zedemokhrasi ezixhathiswayo.

Ulwalamano oluphakathi koncedo nonyulo lwedemokhrasi alukho nje luthengiselwano; lubandakanya ukudibana okuntsonkothileyo phakathi kwabanikeli, oorhulumente abamkelayo, uluntu, nemibutho yezizwe ngezizwe. Eli nqaku lihlolisisa iindlela uncedo lwedemokhrasi lwamanye amazwe oluxhasa ngazo unyulo lwedemokhrasi kumaphondo abuthathaka, iimeko ezenza ukuba impumelelo, imingeni eqhubekayo, kunye nezifundo ezifumaneka kumatyala okwenene ehlabathi. Ukuqonda olu nxulumano luyimfuneko kubenzi bemithetho, oogqirha, nabaphengululi abafuna ukomeleza ulawulo lwedemokhrasi kwiimeko ezibuthathaka ehlabathini.

Ukuchaza Amazwe Athe Tye

Imeko ebuthathaka ichazwa njengenye apho urhulumente engakwazi okanye engazimiseleyo ukunikezela imisebenzi engundoqo kubemi bakhe, kuquka ukhuseleko, ulawulo lomthetho, iinkonzo ezisisiseko, kunye nomelo olusemthethweni lwezopolitiko. [OECD Fragile States Frames System [ ichaza imilinganiselo emininzi yokungalawuleki: ugonyamelo, ukungabikho kokusesikweni, ukungazinzi kwezobupolitika, ukungalungeleli kakuhle kwezoqoqosho, kunye nokungqubana kwemekobume. Kuzo zinto, unyulo luzicotho zombini olunoncedo kunye neendawo ezinokwenzeka.

Unyulo lwedemokhrasi lubalulekile ukuze kwakhiwe ulawulo olusemthethweni. Lunika abemi inkqubo esesikweni yokukhetha abameli babo, ukuba bagcine iinkokeli zinokuphendula, kwaye babonakalise iinketho zobupolitika. Kumaphondo abuthathaka, unyulo olunokuthenjwa lunganceda ekuphunyuleni imijikelo yokhuphiswano olunogonyamelo, lunciphise ubungozi bokunyanzelisa i-demoriathority, luze luvelise isiseko sokwakha uxolo. Noko ke, unyulo olungalawulwa kakuhle lungakhupha ingxabano, lunyuse izantluko zohlanga okanye zemimandla, lubangele ingxabano ehlaziyweyo. Ngenxa yoko, uphawu lokuxhasa izinto ngokunzulu.

Indlela Abaxhasa Ngayo Ukhetho Loncedo Lwamazwe Angaphandle: Umatshini

Uncedo lokhetho lwedemokhrasi lwamanye amazwe lusebenza kumgangatho omninzi. Ngezantsi ziinkqubo ezingundoqo ezifak ’ isandla kuzo, nganye ifuna uzalisekiso olulunonolololo ukunqanda iziphumo ezingacwangciswanga.

Ukwakhiwa kobuchule bokuphuhlisa

Amatyala amaninzi abuthathaka aswele izibonelelo ezifunekayo ekuqhubeni unyulo: amaqumrhu okhetho oluzimeleyo (EMBS), iinkqubo zokuvota, iinkqubo zokuvota, ukukhusela ushicilelo lwe-colot, nokubalwa kokhetho. Imali yoncedo lwamazwe angaphandle ukusekwa okanye ukomelezwa kwee-EMBs, inikezela ngobuchule obusemthethweni bokwenza imithetho yokunyulwa, kwaye ixhasa uqeqesho lwamagosa onyulo. Umzekelo, I-International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) isebenza kumazwe angaphezu kwe- 145 ukulungiselela izicwangciso zonyulo ezizinzileyo ezizinzileyo, ngokufuthi kwipost-compute. Le njongo yokuyila, inguqumkelo yobuchule, engenamkhethelo, enokuzifumana kuluntu ngexesha eliphakathi.

Uncedo lobuchule kunye nobuchule

Ukulungiselela unyulo lwesizwe kumazwana abuthathaka kubandakanya iingxaki ezinkulu: izitishi zonyulo ezikude, amatyathanga angakhuselekanga, ukunqongophala kombane, nomgangatho ophantsi wokufunda. Abasebenzi banikela uncedo lobugcisa ekubhaliseni ngobugcisa be-biometric, uyilo lobuchule, iziphumo zeenkqubo zosasazo, kunye nocwangciso lobuchule. Amaqumrhu akhethekileyo afana neUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP) asebenza kunye namagunya asebenza kunye namagunya esizwe ukulungiselela ukuqhelisa imisebenzi engcono kakhulu kwizinto zasekuhlaleni.

Uhlolo loKhetho noLondolozo

Iinkonzo zokuqwalasela unyulo lwezizwe ngezizwe .- ziqhutywa yimibutho enjenge-European Union, i-Carter Center, kunye ne-African Union . yenza indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuthembeka kweenkqubo zonyulo. Ubukho babo bungathintela ukuqhatha, bunikezele iimvavanyo ezizimeleyo, kwaye bakhe ulwakhiwo lwabantu. Ukubhiyozela kugquma umjikelo wonke, kuquka ukungqonga okukhethiweyo kwangaphambi konyulo, amaxesha ephulo, ukucotha, ukubala, nokubala, kunye nokuphuma emva kokuphikisa. Imali yoncedo, kwanoqeqesho lweenkonzo zoomatshini abasebenza njengeegosamfolo ezinde.

Imfundo neMisebenzi yeNkcubeko

Kumaphondo abuthathaka, umvoti ophantsi usoloko ephenjelelwa kukungabi nalwazi, ukudimazeka, okanye ukoyika ugonyamelo. Uncedo lwamanye amazwe luxhasa amaphulo okuvota ngonomathotholo, ngefowuni, iincoko zasekuhlaleni, kunye nezifundo zesikolo. La manyathelo achaza indlela yokubhalisa, ukuvota, ukubaluleka kokuthabatha inxaxheba, nendlela yokulwa ugonyamelo lwabanyulwa. Kwakhona akhuthaza ukunyamezelana phakathi kwamaqela akhuphisanayo. Umzekelo, i-U.S.Agency for International Development (USAID) ixhakamfula iinkqubo zemfundo yezezempumezo zezelo mazwe afana neKenya neMali ukunyusa ugonyamelo olunxulumene nonyulo.

Inkxaso Yoluntu Nabezopolitiko

Ibutho lasekuhlaleni elinamathelo aphezulu noondaba-ndaba abazimeleyo libalulekile kunyulo olunobungozi. Uncedo luqinisa amaqela abaqwalaseli basekhaya, iinqwelo zokulwa, imibutho yamabhinqa, kunye nentsebenziswano yolutsha ezixhasa utshintsho lonyulo. Ikwaxhasa ubundishophu obuphangaleleyo kunye nokuphengulula iqonga ukuze kuchazwe iingxelo eziphosakeleyo. Kumazwe amaninzi abuthathaka, le mibutho ingumgca wokuqala wokuzikhusela ekukhuthalisweni kokhetho. Noko ke, abanikeli mabalumke bangayivelisi i-liniki okanye babhexele abadlali basekuhlaleni ukuba bachaphazele imicimbi yezopolitiki.

Iimeko Zoncedo Olunempumelelo: Lusebenza Nini?

Impembelelo yoncedo lwamanye amazwe kunyulo lwedemokhrasi ayizenzekeli. Iimeko eziliqela zandisa amathuba empumelelo:

  • umnini wendawo ebanzi: uncedo kufuneka luhambelane nezona zibalulekileyo zesizwe luze luhlonele ulawulo lwamatyala omamkeli. Xa abanikeli bemisela imizekelo ephezulu, abadlali basekuhlaleni basenokuzichasa okanye baziphazamise. Uyilo olunenkcubeko norhulumente, uluntu, kunye namaqela ezobupolitika avelisa iziphumo ezingcono.
  • inkxaso yangaphandle ingalufumana umanyano lwasekhaya kuphela. Ukuba abalawuli abalawuli abazimisele ukwamkela ukhuphiswano lwedemokhrasi, kwaneenkqubo zoncedo ezilungiselelwe kakuhle zingasilela. Uncedo lungangenisa utshintsho kwiimeko, kodwa izisongelo zokurhoxa inkxaso-mali zingaba nemiphumo engalindelekanga ukuba ziqwalaselwe njengentsebenziswano yedemokhrasi.
  • [[FLT: 0] I-Iconflictt: Uncedo lobuChokoza kufuneka luncanyathiselwe ekuqondeni okubanzi amandla akhoyo, ukubethana kwezizwe, kunye nezikhalazo zembali. Ukujolisa kuqikelelo lobugcisa ngaphandle kokuthetha ngengcambu zezizathu kungaqinisa ukungalingani okukhoyo okanye intlaselo yogonyamelo.
  • [[NTLALA:0] Ukunika kunye nokuzikisa: Uncedo olunikezelwa kusemgceni lungalahlwa; kusenokuphela kakhulu lungangasebenzi. Ixesha lokhetho lwangaphambili, ixesha elikhawulezileyo lokhetho, kunye nexesha elithe xhaxhe phakathi konyulo lonke lufuna inkxaso elungelelanisiweyo. Umanyano lwexesha elide, hayi nje olunye olungaphandle, ulwakhe inkumbulo yequmrhu.
  • Ukwahlulwa kolungelelwaniso phakathi kwabanikezeli: lungaphelisa ulawulo olubuthathaka ngokukhuphisana. Iindlela zokusebenzisana ezifana neQela loHlomelo oluManyeneyo kunye nenkxaso-mali edityanisiweyo inciphisa ukwenziwa kwemiba kwaye iqinisekisa ukuhambelana.

Iingxaki Neengozi Zoncedo Oluninzi

Nangona zikho iinjongo ezintle, uncedo lwedemokhrasi lwamanye amazwe lujamelene nocelomngeni olubalulekileyo kumazwe abuthathaka.

Ukuxhomekeka Nokuzinziswa

Amatyala athe ancedwa yinkxaso-mali yangaphandle ukwenzela imisebenzi yonyulo, kuquka izinto ezisisiseko ezifana neebhokisi zokuchola kunye neinki engacimekiyo. Xa uncedo luncitshisiwe okanye lukhutshiwe, amaqumrhu okhetho angadilika. Iindlela ezizinzileyo zifuna ukwakhiwa kwemijelo yengeniso yasekhaya, enjengerhafu okanye uqingqo-mali lukarhulumente, kunye nokudlulisela ulwazi lobugcisa ukwenzela ukuba abasebenzi besizwe basebenze ngokwabodwa. Abanikeli abaninzi ngoku baqwalasele benobuchule “ocebo bokuphuma kwenqanawa” ukususela ekuqaleni, kodwa ezi zinto zilula ukuthethwa ukuba zingenziwa kwimeko ezingonakalanga.

Ukungavisisani Neepolitiki Nokungavisisani

Oorhulumente abangoorhulumente abangoomatshini abasebenza ngokulula kumazwe abuthathaka bangasebenzisa uncedo lokhetho ukuze lugunyazise umthetho wabo ngaphandle kokuvumela ukhuphiswano lokwenene. Uncedo lungaphethulelwa kumaqela abalawuli, lusetyenziswe ngoncedo lwe-theminali echuliweyo, okanye lusetyenziselwa ukuxhasa ii-methom zikarhulumente. Abasebenzi kufuneka basebenzele uphicotho-zincwadi oluqinileyo, iimfuno zokubona ngaphaya kweliso, kunye nokuzimela okuzimeleyo ukuze bathintele ukubanjwa. Kwiimeko ezigqithisileyo, kusenokufuneka ukuba banqande ukukhuthuzwa, njengoko kubonwa e-Ethiopia ngexesha lemfazwe yonyulo engama-2020202021 ngexesha longquzulwano karhulumente ophazalela iingqini beenkoli zonyulo.

Ukuxhotyiswa koncedo ngabaququzeleli boMgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle

Ngamanye amaxesha amagunya amakhulu asebenzisa uncedo lonyulo ukuqhubela phambili izilangazelelo zejiyografi endaweni yamaxabiso edemokhrasi. Umzekelo, iTshayina neRashiya zinika izixhobo zonyulo ngaphandle kweemeko kumalungelo abantu, zicutha unyuselo lwedemokhrasi yaseNtshona. Olu khuphiswano lungavumela oorhulumente ababuthathaka ukuba badlale abanikezeli ngokuchasene, benciphisa ukuphendula. Ukusebenzisa imigaqo yehlabathi jikelele ngokujikeleze ingqibelelo yonyulo.

Iingozi Zokhuseleko Nogonyamelo

Amatyala e-Fragile adla ngokutyekela kugonyamelo olunxulumene nonyulo. Abasebenzi boncedo, abaqwalaseli, nabavoti bangajamelana nezisongelo ezivela kumaqela axhobileyo, imikhosi yokhuseleko karhulumente, okanye amaqela ezobupolitika. E-Afghanistan, uhlaselo lweTaliban lwaphazamisa ukubhalisa abavoti kunye nokuvota ngonyulo lonyaka ka-2014 kunye no-2019. Kunyulo lonyulo lweDemocratic Republic of Congo, iziphumo ezikhuphisanayo ngo-20181818 zavusa ugonyamelo oluye lwabulala abaninzi. Abasebenzi kufuneka bafake ucwangciso lokhuseleko kunye nomngcipheko kwinkxaso yabo ekhuselekileyo, kuquka nemithetho ekhuselekileyo yabasebenzi, iinkqubo zokukhusela amaqela angenazikhuseli, kunye nokuthumela iimfazwe ezikhawulezayo.

Uhlolisiso Lwetyala: Oko Sikufundayo Kwintsimi

Le mizekelo ilandelayo ibonisa indlela olunokusetyenziswa ngayo uncedo lwamanye amazwe ekukhuthazeni unyulo lwedemokhrasi kumazwe abuthathaka.

iLiberia: Impumelelo yePost-Conplet nempumelelo yexesha elide

Emva kweminyaka eli-14 yemfazwe yamakhaya eyaphela ngowama-2003, iLiberia yajamelana nokuwa kombutho okupheleleyo. Unyulo lwangonyaka wama-2005, olwazisa u-Ellen Johnson Sirleaf ekulawuleni, lwaxhaswa kakhulu yiZizwe Ezimanyeneyo Mission eLiberia (UNMIL), iEuropean Union, kunye nabanikeli be-bivertial. Inkxaso exhaswayo ivoti, imfundo yezemfundo yoluntu, kunye nomsebenzi omkhulu woburhulumente. Abaqwalathisi behlabathi jikelele baqinisekisa inkqubo njengethembekile, kunye nokuthunyelelwa koxolo kwegunya okuye kwenzeka ukususela ngoko. Noko ke, iingxaki zisekho: ulawulo olusezantsi, ukunganyaniseki, kunye namaqela abuthathaka ezobupolitika ayaqhubeka ayaqhubeka ukuthintela ulawulo. Uncedo luye lwasuka kwimiqatha yonyulo-Rhulumente, kodwa ulawulo lwangaphandle luye lwarhoxanduku.

IAfghanistan: Uncedo Phakathi Kwengxabano

Amava okhetho e-Afghanistan abangela ingqwalaselo enzulu. Ukususela ngo-2001 kuse phambili, abanikeli behlabathi bathontelana kunyulo, bezimisele ukugunyazisa unyulo lwasemva kweTalibhan. Kodwa ukuqhatha, ukunganqabiseki, kunye nokugxuphulela kwezobupolitika kwabangela umjikelo wonke. Unyulo lomongameli wangowe-2009 lonakaliswa kukugawulwa kwezixhobo ezinkulu; unyulo lonyaka ka-2014 lwafuna ulawulo lwe-U.S-oklotractal-untray-untrak-untrak-unity; unyulo lulunyulo lwabona irekhodi-ephantsi kwemiqatha ngenxa yemiqathango kaTaliban. Ngoxa uncedo lwaselusekelele ezinye izibonelelo zezakhiwo zephondo, alunako ukoyisa ukunqongophala okungundoqo kolawulo kumhlaba, okusasazelelwe kuyo yonke indawo, okunga, okungangenileyo okungakhomba kwaye kungabikho kwemi kwezo kwezobupolitika.

Iraq: Ukungenelela Kwangaphandle Neenguqu Ezingekhoyo

Emva kohlaselo lwama-2003 e-U.S., unyulo lwabhalwa phantsi kakhulu ngoncedo lwamanye amazwe . zombini ezobugcisa kunye nemali. Unyulo lwangonyaka ka-2005 nowama-2009 lwaluphakathi kwexabiso elikhulu lomvoti ngamnye kwimbali. Kodwa inkqubo yonyulo yaba yivekta-lwazi yolwahlulo lwamaqela, njengamaqela asekelwe kwisiseko solawulo. Amaziko oncedo ancedayo ukuyila inkqubo yokulinganisa ulungelelwaniso, kodwa abagxeki baluchasa ngokunzulu unyuso lwe-eno-cantiant. Umzekelo ugxininiso lokuba ukwenziwa kokhetho kufuneka lunike ingqalelo kwimpikiswano yemisebenzi enzima; ukulungiswa kobuchule ngaphandle kokuxolelwano olusekelwe kwezono lwezopolitiko.

eKenya: Ukwanda kogonyamelo oluphambili loncedo

IKenya asilomeko elibuthathaka ngokwengqiqo engqongqo, kodwa ugonyamelo lwayo lonyaka wama-2008-2008 emva konyulo lwabulala abantu abangaphezu kwewaka kunye nekhulu lamawaka, linyanzela ilizwe liselunqeni lwemfazwe yamakhaya. Ngomdla, abanikeli abafana no-USAID, DFID, kunye ne-European Union yaxhasa iinkqubo zolungiso ezingundoqo zobuchule, kuquka ukusekwa kweKhomishoni entsha ye-Electoral ne-Breaderivess Commission kunye nephulo loluntu elibanzi lemfundo. Unyaka ka-2017, 2017, kunye novoti zovote ngu-nyulo lwamanyuswa yiNkundla ePhakamileyo ngenxa yokunga okuNgaphambili. Uncedo lwaxhasa zombini uphuhliso bugcisa kunye nengxoxo yezopolitiko ethintela ukuphinda-phinda kobundlo lwe-phinda-phinda-phinda-phinda xa kudityaniso lwezi mithetho.

Imiphumo Elinganisayo: Isiseko Sobungqina

I-Academics kunye noogqirha bayaqhubeka bephikisana ngempumelelo yonke yoncedo lwamanye amazwe ekukhuthazeni unyulo lwedemokhrasi. Uphando lwamazwe ngamazwe lubonisa iziphumo ezidibeneyo. Olunye uhlolo lwababhali be-meta-alysis ye-German Democratic Institute [[FLT: 1] lucebisa ukuba uncedo lwedemokhrasi, kuquka inkxaso yonyulo, luneziphumo ezingundoqo kumaziko edemokhrasi kodwa luneziphumo ezithelekelelwayo kwimilinganiselo esekelwe ngokunzulu kunye nezenzo. Olunye uhlolisiso lwababhali kwiYunivesithi yaseGothenburg lufumanise uluko oludaliweyo kodwa lungabuyitshintshi ubunjani obude bedemokhrasi. Isitshixo sikukuba luncedise zisebenze kakuhle xa ludibanisa ezinye iziphumo: uluntu olulungelelwano lwentlalo-ntle, oluphakathi, noxinzelelo lwezizwe ngezizwe ngezizwe ngezizwe.

Izibonisi ezi-quantificayo ezifana ne [[FLT: 0]] Isalathisi sobuGcisa bobuGcisa obuManyane zibonisa ukuba amazwe abuthathaka afumana uncedo olunzima lokhetho akaluphuculanga ngendlela efanayo. Kodwa ngaphandle koncedo olunjalo, ezininzi bezinokuqhubeka ngaphandle konyulo olukhuphisanayo konke konke. Imicimbi ephikisanayo: kwimo-mo-mqoka apho kungekho nkxaso yangaphandle (njengoko e-Syria ngexesha lemfazwe yamakhaya), unyulo lusenokuba alukhange luchaphazelele okanye lunganyanisekanga.

Izenzo ezizizo ezizizo zonke ezilungiselelwe abanikeli

Xa kufundwa ngolu hlolisiso, la macebiso alandelayo anokuphucula indlela yokunceda abantu abavela kwamanye amazwe xa kuvela unyulo lwedemokhrasi:

  • Ukuthatha indlela yebhayisekile iyonke: Inkxaso yonyulo akufunekanga iphele ngomhla wokuvota. Amacandelo okhetho lwasemva kwengxoxo (kuquka isigqibo somxube, utshintsho lwecandelo lokhuseleko, kunye nokuqinisa ipalamente ngokulinganayo.)
  • [[NTLA:0] Ukudibanisa: Inkxaso kufuneka ithethe ngokubekwa elunxwemeni kwamabhinqa, ulutsha, amancinane esizwe, kunye nabemi abafudusiweyo. Iinkqubo zokucaphula, uncedo lovoti kubantu abakhubazekileyo, kunye namalungiselelo okhuseleko anxulumene nobufana-bufana ziyafuneka.
  • kwakhiwa umbilini wobulali ngokucace gca: Imali kufuneka iphumele kwiintlangano zesizwe apho kunokwenzeka, kodwa ngolawulo olunamandla. Inkxaso yoqingqo-mali yee-EMB kufuneka ibotshwe kwincopho yomsebenzi.
  • I-Support ezimeleyo media kunye nokukhangela inyani: iMistinformation isisongelo esikhulayo sobunyani kunyulo, ingakumbi kumazwe abuthathaka apho ukuthembana koluntu kusezantsi. Uncedo lufanele lufakelwe kwinani lokufunda nokubhala nokuzimela.
  • Inkxaso yonyulo ephakathi kunye nokwakhiwa koxolo olubanzi: uncedo lobuChule kufuneka lube yinxalenye yecebo elibanzi eliquka ukususwa kwezixhobo, ubulungisa botshintsho, kunye nengxoxo phakathi kwabaxhasi bezopolitiko.
  • Isivumelwano sexesha elide seFOLT [[FONT:0] i-FOster: Iprojekthi enye engaphandle inqabile ukuvelisa utshintsho oluhlala luhleli. Iinkqubo ezinika iminyaka emininzi ezakha ulwalamano kunye nenkumbulo ecwangcisiweyo ziyasebenza kakhulu.

Indlela Engaphambili: Ukusondela

Umhlaba woncedo lwamanye amazwe kunyulo lwedemokhrasi uyatshintsha. Ubugcisa obutsha ``ibhanya-bhanya-bhanya-bhanya-bhanya levota, i-intshi yeziphumo zosasazo, kunye nezixhobo zokuhlola intlalo-ntle-ntle-ntlalo-ntle-methoni'. Abanikazi kufuneka balinganisele ulwahlulo kunye nokhuseleko oluchasene noqhaqho-qhiya, uphando. Kwangaxeshanye, ukhuphiso olusekelwe kumandla phakathi kwabanikeli abaphambili (China, Russia, amazwe aseGulf) ayenza ibe nzima into evumelanayo nenkxaso yedemokhrasi. Amazwe anokulwa kwezi zinto zidibaniselwaneyo ukuze alwe utshintsho.

Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kuyavela njengocelomngeni olukhethiweyo. Ukufuduswa kwendawo engqongileyo, ukunqongophala kwezibonelelo, kunye neziganeko zemozulu ezimandundu zingabangela ukuba kubekho ukungalingani kwaye ziphazamise ubuchule bokukhetha. Ucwangciso-nkqubo loncedo lwexesha elizayo kufuneka ludibane nozinzo lwemozulu, umzekelo ngokuqinisekisa ukuba izitishi zokunyulwa zifumaneka ngexesha leengxangxangxa okanye imbalela.

Ekugqibeleni, uncedo lwamanye amazwe alunakukwazi ‘ ukwenza idemokhrasi. Lungadala kuphela iimeko zokuba unyulo lwedemokhrasi lube yindlela yokulawula ezinzileyo. Impumelelo ifuna umonde, ukuthobeka, nokuqonda okunzulu imeko-bume engaqhelekanga yentlalo, yezobupolitika, neyembali. Xa abanikeli nabasebenzi bebophelelela le migaqo, uncedo luba yindlela enentsingiselo yokukhuthaza uxolo, ukuthembeka, kunye neenkqubo zokukhetha eziqulethwe kukungalinganiyo.

Isiphumo: Uncedo njengeSixhobo esikwiMiqathango Kodwa Esingenakupheliswa

Uncedo lwamanye amazwe lusoloko lusesona sixhobo sibalulekileyo sokukhuthaza unyulo lwedemokhrasi kumaphondo abuthathaka. Lunika oovimba nobuchule obungenakuvelisa ngaphakathi, luxhasa amaziko anokuthi ngenye indlela adibane, kwaye lunika iqondo lokuphendula ngelinye ilizwe lonke okuthintela ukuqhatha. Noko ke, uncedo aluyondawo ephambili. Ukusebenza kwalo kuxhomekeke kukuthanda kwezobupolitika, ukuchanabeka kwezopolitiko, ukunyathela okuqhubekayo, kunye nokusebenzisana kwabadlali abaninzi.

Ubungqina obuvela eLiberia, e-Afghanistan, e-Iraq, eKenya, kunye namanye amazwe abuthathaka bugxininisa ukuba impumelelo inokwenzeka kodwa ibuthathaka . Xa uncedo lusetyenziswa ngokuthobeka, ukuhlonela ulawulo, nokubona ixesha elide, lunganceda amaphondo angakwazi ukusuka kwimijikelo yogonyamelo kunye nobuzwilakhe aye kwikamva lolawulo lwedemokhrasi olusemthethweni. Uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe lungenako ukukwazi ukuyeka inkxaso entle kule meko, kodwa lumele luzicombulule iindlela zalo ezisekelwe kwizinto zentsiba, uphando lwemfundo, kunye nokucingisisa ngokunyanisekileyo ngokokwe nyaniswa kwemeko-yo. Kuphela kumazwe angaphandle anokuzalisekisa isithembiso sawo njengexesha lokuzinziswa kolawulo-demokhrasi kwezoburhulumente.