Umphakathi osebenza kahle uxhomeke ekuqondeni okukodwa kwezakhiwo zawo ezingokomthetho. Izakhamuzi ezazi amalungelo azo zingazisekela ngokuphumelelayo zona nomakhelwane bazo, kuyilapho labo abathatha imithwalo yabo yemfanelo besiza ekudaleni indawo yokuhlala eqinile, eqinisekile nelondekile. Lo mthetho awuyona inkolelo engabonakali; udlala nsuku zonke emigqeni yempahla, imihlangano yasedolobheni, ubuhlobo bomphakathi, nokusebenzelana nomthetho. Ukuhlanganyela komphakathi ngenkuthalo kudinga ulwazi olusebenzayo lwalendawo, nesivikelo somthetho wemithetho yemithetho evimbela ukuhlasela imithetho yendawo. Lesiqondiso sinikeza umbono ocacile walezimiso eziyisisekelo ezingokomthetho futhi siveza imithombo ekhona ukuze kungenele izingxabano lapho ziphakama.

Izimiso Zomthetho Womphakathi Eziyinhloko

Ukuqonda indlela imithetho esebenzelana ngayo phakathi kukahulumeni ohlukahlukene kubalulekile ukuze wazi ukuthi imiphi imithetho esebenzayo esimweni esithile nokuthi kuphi lapho ungayicela khona usizo.

Izimiso Zomthetho - sisekelo Kazwelonke NoMbuso

UMthetho-sisekelo wase-U.S. umisa isisekelo samalungelo abantu ngabanye, kuhlanganise nenkululeko yokukhuluma, inqubo efanelekile, nesivikelo esilinganayo ngaphansi komthetho. Umthetho-sisekelo woMbuso uvame ukunwetshwa kulamalungelo, unikeza izivikelo zezindaba zomuntu siqu eziqinile noma izikhundla zokukhuluma ezibanzi kunezimiso zikahulumeni. Lemithetho ephakeme ilawula lokho ohulumeni bendawo abangakwenza. Ngokwesibonelo, umthetho wedolobha, awukwazi ukwephula iSichibiyelo Sokuqala noma ukuphika inqubo efanele. I-Bill of Rights, isetshenziswa ezizweni ngeSiphendulo se-14, ihlela ngokuqondile imithetho yomthetho yendawo kanye nemithetho yokwahlulela.

Ukuthatheka Kwemidanti Yasezindaweni Ezizungezile

Nakuba imithetho-mthetho nezimiso zikahulumeni zimisa imithetho ebanzi, imithetho yendawo inethonya eliqondile ekuphileni komphakathi. Lemithetho, edluliswa imikhandlu yamadolobha, amakhomishane esifundazwe, noma amabhodi ezindawo, ibusa ukuziphatha okukhethekile phakathi kwemingcele kamasipala. Ihlanganisa amazinga omsindo, ukuvinjelwa kokwakha, imingcele yokupaka izimoto, amalayisense ebhizinisi, izindinganiso zobuhlaziyo, nokulawula izilwane. Imithetho yendawo ayinakuphikisa uhulumeni noma umthetho wezwe, kodwa ikwazi ukubeka izimfuneko ezengeziwe. Ukwazi inqubo yakho yendawo kamasipala iyisi inyathelo lokuqala ekuqinisekiseni ukuvumelana nokusekela ushintsho.

Imithetho Yokuphatha Negunya

Ngaphandle kwezishaya-mthetho, izinhlangano zokuqondisa ezisezingeni ngalinye zinikeza imithetho ephethe umthetho. Amabhodi ezindawo, iminyango yezempilo, nezinhlangano zokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwemithetho esemthethweni zichaza futhi zisebenzise le mithetho. Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi komthetho wendawo odluliswe umkhandlu nomthetho okhishwa umnyango kubalulekile lapho kubekela inselele ukugcinwa kwemithetho. Imithetho ngokuvamile inezinqubo zayo siqu zokunxusa nokuphawula komphakathi, inikeza izakhamuzi amathuba okuthonya indlela imithetho elandelwa ngayo.

Amalungelo Angokomthetho Avikela Amalungu Omphakathi

Amalungelo amaningana ayisisekelo avikela izakhamuzi ekuphanjweni nasekucwasweni, aqinisekisa ukuthi zingakwazi ukubhekana nokuphila komphakathi ngendlela efanayo.

ISichibiyelo Sokuqala Samalungelo Omakhelwane

Inkululeko yokukhuluma ivikela ilungelo lakho lokukhuluma ngemibono emihlanganweni yomphakathi, ibonise izimpawu zezombangazwe embonini yakho, futhi ihlanganyele ekuvukeleni ngokuthula. Lamalungelo adlulela ezindaweni ezivamile njengemizila yomphakathi namapaki. Isikhathi, indawo, nezindlela zokuvimbela ziyavunyelwa uma zigcwele, zihlotshiswe, futhi zishiya eminye imikhondo yokuxhumana. Umthetho wendawo uvimbela zonke izimpawu cishe azikho ngokwezimo zomthetho, kuyilapho umthetho olinganisela ubukhulu bezimpawu uvunyelwe. Izakhamuzi kufanele zazi amalungelo azo ngokuphathelene nokuhlanganisa, ukudweba ngomnyango, nokudweba umbukiso, nokubhikijela kwasobala, ikakhulukazi lapho zisebenzelana neziphathimandla zendawo noma nabani bekhaya.

Isivikelo Ekukhetheni

Imithetho eminingi kahulumeni yenqabela ukucwaswa kwezindawo zokuhlala nezindawo zomphakathi. I-Fair Howard Act inqabela ukucwaswa okusekelwe ohlazweni, ebala, ezweni, enkolweni, ebulilini, ekwizimo zobulili, nokukhubazeka. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukukhangisa, ukudayisa, ukuqasha, ukuboleka, nokubopha izinqumo. AmaMelika anezinkinga zomzimba womphakathi afuna ukuba izindawo zomphakathi, kuhlanganise nezakhiwo zikahulumeni, amapaki, kanye nezindawo eziseceleni, zifinyeleleke. Izifunda eziningi zinemithetho yazo emelene nokungavumelani ukuhlukana okungahlanganisi izigaba ezengeziwe njengendlela yokuzihambelana, ukukhokha inzuzo, ukuboleka kweze ubulili, inzuzo, inzuzo, nesikhundla sobudolo. Abakhi bombuso abakholelwa ukuthi bangabandlulwa ngokumelene ne-U.S.Derpartlands Department

Amalungelo Empahla Nenqubo Efanele

IziNguqulo zesihlanu nezeshumi nane zinqabela uhulumeni ukuba athathe impahla yakho ngaphandle kwenqubo efanelekile yomthetho futhi akhokhele. Lokhu akusebenzi nje ekuthunjweni ngokomzimba ezindaweni ezidumile kodwa nasekuthatheni imithetho futhi lapho umthetho uphuca umnini wendawo wonke ukusetshenziswa kwezwe lakhe okusebenzayo. Ngaphambi kokuba uhulumeni akukhokhele noma afake inkohliso embonini yakho ngenxa yokuphulwa kwemithetho, kumelwe anikeze isaziso esanele nethuba lokuzwakala. Lelilungelo lokuthatha inqubo efanele lihlanganisa ithuba lokusebenzisa inzuzo yezwe lakhe, ukubiza ofakazi, nokunxusa isinqumo esibi.

Amalungelo Aphambili Nokutholakala Kwamasiko

Ababaleki banelungelo lokuhlala endaweni ephephile nehlalayo ngaphansi kwesiqinisekiso esishiwo sokuhlala, esiqashelwa ngandlela-thile cishe yiwo wonke umbuso. Ama-Landlord kumele alondoloze izakhi zokwakha, anikeze amanzi nokushisa, futhi agcine izindawo ezivamile zilondekile. Abangenisi banelungelo lokugodla kwezinye izindawo noma babike ukupha okungaphikiswa ngaphandle kokuziphindiselela. Imithetho yokuvikela ilawula ukuthi zingaba zingakanani izintambo zokubuya, futhi ilinganise izikweli ezivunyelwe. La malungelo akha isisekelo sobuhlobo nomthetho womnini-pulazi, kodwa ngokuvamile adinga abaqashi ukuba balandele izinyathelo eziqinile zokuzingela ukuba baqikelele, njengokunikeza isaziso esibhalwe ngaphambi kokukhokha imali.

Amalungelo Okuhlanganyela Nomthetho

Amalungu omphakathi anesivikelo esiqondile phakathi nokuhlangana namaphoyisa. ISichibiyelo sesine sivikela ekufuneni izikhali ezingekho ngqiqweni nasekuqubukeni. Isikhulu ngokuvamile sidinga imvume yokungena ekhaya. Phakathi nokuma kwezimoto noma ukuma okufushane kokuphenya, unelungelo lokuthula nelungelo lokwenqaba ukuvuma ukuphenywa, nakuba izikhulu zingaqhuba izikhali uma zisola ngokunengqondo ngengozi. Ukwazi ukuthi lamalungelo angayiqinisa kanjani ngokucacile nangokuzolile ikhono lakho lokuvikela imvume nenkululeko. Imiphakathi eminingi manje idinga noma inikeza ukuqeqeshwa kokuhamba ngokuphepha ngokuphephile.

Imithwalo Yemfanelo Eyisisekelo Yomphakathi

Amalungelo angokomthetho ahlanganiswa nemithwalo yemfanelo ebaluleke ngokufanayo eyakha isisekelo sokuhleleka komphakathi nokuhloniphana.

Ukuvumelana Nomthetho Wesigebengu Nowasemphakathini

Umthwalo wemfanelo oyisisekelo uwukulalela umthetho. Lokhu kusukela eziphakamisi ezingathi sína kuya eziphakameni ezincane njengokuphula umthetho we-leash noma i-meter. Ukungaboni kahle umthetho kubangelwa ukunganaki noma ukwephulwa kwesivumelwano, njengokuhluleka ukususa iqhwa endleleni noma ukwephula isivumelwano se-HOA. Imiphumela engokomthetho yokungaphazamisi ingahlanganisa ukukhokhwa, ukumangalelwa, nasemacaleni, ukuvalelwa. Ukungawazi umthetho akuvamile ukuvikela okwamukelekayo, okwenza isakhamuzi ngasinye sibe nomthwalo wemfanelo wokuqonda imithetho eyisisekelo elawula ukuziphatha kwaso.

Ukulondoloza Impahla Nokuvimbela Impahla

Abanikazi bezindawo banomthwalo wokugcina izindawo zabo ziphephile futhi zingenazinkathazo eziphazamisa ukuthula noma zifaka impilo yomphakathi engozini. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukulondoloza ukuthembeka kokwakha, ukulawula ukhula nezinambuzane, ukususa iqhwa neqhwa emigwaqweni yomphakathi, nokuvikela izakhiwo ezishiywe. Iminyango yokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwemithetho yendawo ihlola izikhalo nokudluliswa kwemidanti yokuphula umthetho. Lemithetho idala ilindele ukuthi ukusebenzisa komuntu impahla yakhe ngeke kuphazamise ngokungenangqondo ukusetshenziswa nokujabulela impahla yomuntu othile.

Ukuhlanganyela Inkonzo Nenkonzo Yombhanqwana

Ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo esimisweni somthetho kuwumsebenzi womphakathi. Ukukhonza ejajini kungenye yezindlela eziqondile isakhamuzi esihlanganyela ngazo ekuqondiseni ubulungisa. Ukunikeza okhethweni lwendawo kunquma ukuthi ubani omisa isimiso somphakathi futhi amise imithetho yendawo. Ukuya emihlanganweni yehholo lasedolobheni nokuhlanganyela ezinkathini zokuphendula ezibekwa izikhulu ezikhethiwe ukuba zithwale icala. Nakuba lezi ziyimithwalo yemfanelo, zisebenza futhi njengamalungelo anamandla alawula isiqondiso somphakathi.

Ukuba Umnikazi Wezilwane Ezifuywayo Okuwumthwalo Wemfanelo

Izindawo eziningi zinemithetho eminingi ephathelene nokuba nezilwane. Lokhu kudinga ukugonywa, ukugonywa kwezilwane, nemithetho ye-leash. Abanikazi bavame ukubekwa indiva ngokusemthethweni ngenxa yengozi ebangelwa yizilwane zabo ezifuyiwe, okusho ukuthi isisulu akudingeki sibonise ukunganaki. "Umthetho ocacile" ukhona kwezinye izindawo, nakuba uphikiswana kakhulu futhi ubhekene nenselele engokomthetho. Ukuqonda imithetho yokulawula izilwane kusiza ekuvimbeleni izingxabano futhi kuqinisekise ukuphepha kwazo zombili izilwane ezifuywayo nomakhelwane.

Izibopho Zezimali Nentela

Intela yempahla iwumthombo oyinhloko wezimali ezikoleni zendawo, emigwaqweni, eminyangweni yomlilo, nasemitatsheni yezincwadi. Ukuhluleka ukukhokha intela yempahla kungaphumela ekukhokhisweni kwentela futhi ekugcineni kuphumele ekuncipheni kwezentengiselwano. Ukuqonda indlela yokuhlola impahla nokukhanga inqubo yokuhlola okungalungile kuwumthwalo oyinhloko ngokwezimali kubaninikhaya. Ngokufanayo, ukukhokha iholo lendawo noma intela yokuthengisa kusiza ngokuqondile ezinkonzweni ezincikelwe umphakathi.

Ukubhekana Nezingxabano Nokuthola Imithombo Yezomthetho

Uma kuphakama izingxabano, kukhona indlela ecacile yokuxazulula izinqubo. Ukwazi lezi zinqubo kungavimbela ukungezwani okuncane ukuba kungabi izimpi ezibizayo ezingokomthetho.

Isinqumo Sethukusiwe Nezici Zomphakathi

Phambi kokwandisa impikiswano enkantolo, ingxoxo eqondile noma incwadi ekhululekile ngokuvamile ixazulula lendaba. Imiphakathi eminingi inikeza izinkonzo zamahhala noma eziphansi ngokunikeza izikhungo zesinqumo somphakathi. I-Media iyimfihlo, ingeyokuzithandela, futhi ishibhile kakhulu kune-partime. Ivumela abantu ukuba bazenzele izixazululo zabo siqu kunokuba bafakwe enye egqitshwe yijaji. Lendlela iphumelela kakhulu kakhulu ezimpikiswaneni eziqhubekayo zomakhelwane ngomsindo, izihlalo, noma izihlahla, lapho ukulondoloza ubuhlobo obusebenzayo kubalulekile.

Iziphakamiso Ezincane Enkantolo

Ezimpikiswaneni ezihilela isilinganiso esithile samadollar, inkantolo encane efuna imvume inikeza i-athom ngaphandle kwesidingo sommeli. Icala elincane elivamile lihlanganisa ukulimala kwempahla, izimpikiswano ezibambe umninindawo ezimayelana nezindawo zokuvikela, nezikweleti ezingakhokhelwanga. Inqubo yokufaka iklanyelwe ukufinyelela kubantu abangewona umthetho. Imali esele ihluka ngokwezwe kodwa isukela kuR1,000 kuya kuR350. Izinga lokushaya umthetho ngokushesha nangokungabizi lutho ukuze ithole isahlulelo esibophelele.

Ukuthola Nokusebenza Ngosizo Olungokomthetho

Ngezimali ezikhona eziphansi izakhamuzi ezibhekene nezindaba ezingathi sína zomthetho ezinjengokuxoshwa, ubudlova basekhaya, noma ukuncishwa kwezinzuzo, izinhlangano zosizo olungokomthetho zinikeza ukumelelwa ngesihle noma ngezimali eziphansi. INhlangano Yezinkonzo Zomthetho ingumxhasi omkhulu wezimali zokusiza ngokomthetho ezweni. Leminyango ebanzi yokuthola izinhlelo zosizo olungokomthetho nendawo kanye nabameli be-probono bagcinwa [] LAWLP.org. [izinkonzo zigxeka ukuqinisekisa ukufinyelela kwesimiso somthetho esisemthethweni esilinganayo.

Ukuphoqelelwa Kwemithetho Nokudluliswa Kwezikhwepha

Uma umakhelwane ephula umthetho wempilo noma wendlela yokuphepha, ukusabela okufanele ngokuvamile kuwukwenza isikhalo kumnyango wokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwemithetho yendawo. Uma ukhonjiwe ngokwephula umthetho, unelungelo lokuqulwa kwecala leziphathimandla ukuze ubeke inselele i-fice. Ukuqonda inqubo yokudlulisa izikhalo kubaluleke kakhulu ekuvikeleni amalungelo empahla yakho. Izikhalo zokufaka izikhalo ziqine kakhulu, ngakho isinyathelo esisheshayo sidingekile.

Indima Kahulumeni Wendawo Ongalawuleki

Amanye amadolobha kanye nezindawo ezine-ambustsman noma ihhovisi elizimele elihlola izikhalo ngezinhlangano zikahulumeni zendawo. Lokhu kungaba usizo olubalulekile uma unenkinga yokuthola impendulo evela emnyangweni noma ukholelwa ukuthi uye waphathwa ngokungafanele yi-ombutho wendawo. Abaholi abanawo amandla okuqinisekisa ukuthi i-ombusts abanawo amandla okugcinwa, kodwa bangahlola, i-mediate, futhi baveze iziphakamiso ezinobukhulu.

Izindawo Zokunyathelisa Ezikhethekile Ezingokomthetho: A - HOA, Ama - condominium, Nama - conopartment

Amalungu abaninikhaya kanye nezinhlangano ezifanayo akha omunye umthetho womuntu siqu emiphakathini eminingi. Izakhamuzi kulezindawo zinamalungelo akhethekile nezibopho ezengeziwe.

Ukuhlanganiswa Kwezivumelwano, Izimo, Nemingcele

Uma uthenga indlu emphakathini ohleliwe noma egumbini elinamagemfe, ungena esivumelwaneni esibophekile nenhlangano yabanikazi bekhaya. I-CC&R ingalawula yonke into kusukela kwimibala yopende nothango kuya kunyuko lwemithetho yezilwane ezifuywayo neyokupaka izimoto. Lezi zivumelwano zingagunyazwa ngokukhokhwa imali, izimpahla zokukhokha, ngisho nokuthengwa kwezinye izizwe. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, abaninikhaya kufanele bawabukeze ngokucophelela la maphepha ukuze baqonde izibophophopho ezithile abazenzayo.

Amalungelo Enqubo Afanele Phakathi Kwabangane Abazimele

Nakuba i-HO njengezinhlangano ezizimele, imithetho eminingi yesifundazwe kanye nezincwadi ezibusayo zenhlangano idinga izinga elithile lenqubo efanele ngaphambi kokubeka amahlawuli. Lokhu kuvame ukuhlanganisa isaziso esibhaliwe sokwephulwa kwamacala okuthiwa uphulwe, isikhathi esifanelekile sokulungisa ukuphulwa kwemithetho, nethuba lokuqulwa kwecala phambi kwebhodi. Amanye amazwe aye amisa imithetho eqondile elawula i-HOA ebusayo, idinga ukuba ukukhanya kwemihlangano nokubika ngokwezimali. Ibhodi elihlulekayo ukulandela imithetho yayo siqu lingathola ukuthi izenzo zayo zokugcinwa zilulazwe yinkantolo.

Izingxabano Phakathi Kwemithetho Ye - HOA Namalungelo Omthetho - sisekelo

HOA imingcele yezimpawu zezombangazwe, amafulegi, noma imiboniso engokwenkolo ngezinye izikhathi ingqubuzana namalungelo ezakhamuzi omthetho-sisekelo noma imithetho kahulumeni. Nakuba i-HOA ngokuvamile ingaboshiwe yiSichibiyelo Sokuqala ngoba ziyizinto ezizimele, amazwe amaningi nohulumeni wezwe baye bashaya imithetho enqanda imithetho ethile ye-HOA. Ngokwesibonelo, Inkululeko yokubonisa uMthetho weFlagi waseMelika ka-2005[[FLT][FT:3]] ivikela amalungelo ezakhamuzi ukubhadula ifulegi kungakhathaliseki imithetho ye-HOA. Izakhamuzi ziqala ukubhekana nokuhlola amabhukwana abusayo nomthetho we-HOA.

Ukuzinika Amandla Ngokufunda Okufunda Okusemthethweni

Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvikela amalungelo akho nokufeza imithwalo yakho yemfanelo ukwakha isisekelo esiqinile solwazi olungokomthetho.

Ukuzuza Ulwazi Lwasendaweni

Imithetho iyahluka kakhulu ngokwemithetho ye-opera. Ukuthembela ezimisweni ezivamile zomthetho ngaphandle kokuhlola izincazelo zendawo kungaholela emaphutha. Imithetho kaMasipala ivame ukutholakala nge-website kahulumeni wendawo. Amalayibhulali ezindawo zomphakathi avame ukuba nezingxenye ezingokomthetho. Ukwakha ubuhlobo nommeli wendawo osebenza ngomthetho kamasipala, umthetho wendawo, noma indawo kungaba yimali eyigugu kubanikazi, abaqashi, namalungu ebhodini lomphakathi.

Ukusebenzisa Imithombo Yezinto Engasetshenziswa Nge - Internet

Imithombo eminingi yamahhala ingasiza izakhamuzi ukuba ziqonde indawo yazo engokomthetho. [FLT]] Ikhorali I-Leyagic Information Institute[FLT]] inikeza izincazelo ezicacile zezinhlamvu zomthetho kanye nemininingwane ehlolwa kalula yemithetho kahulumeni ne-guemental metage. Izakhamuzi zingathola ukuxhumana okuqondile nemithetho yazo eqondile yemithetho yezindawo ezithile nobudlelwane bukahulumeni [[FLT:][FLT:][5].UFLT].UT[[FL:][FLT:][FLT][FLT:][5][FLT]][5][FLT]].Provicencertiverance.[FFM]

Izakhamuzi zingalawula izingxabano ngokuphumelelayo futhi zisize ekulondekeni komphakathi ongcono, okwazi ukuhlanganisa izakhiwo ezingcono, ezikwazi ukuhlanganisa abantu abakwazi ukufunda ngokomthetho, zishintshela ekwakheni imithetho ecacile engokwenhlalakahle yomphakathi, ziqinisekise ukuthi umthetho ufeza injongo yawo eyinhloko yokudala ukuhleleka, ukuvikela inkululeko, nokuthuthukisa okuhle okuvamile.