Ukuqonda Amandla Ezombangazwe: Ukuhlaziya Okunenselele

Amandla ezombangazwe ayisisekelo sesayensi yezombangazwe nezenhlalo, abhekisele ekhonweni labantu ngabanye, amaqembu, noma izinhlangano zokuthonya, ukulawula, noma ukuqondisa ukuziphatha kwabanye nezinqumo zohulumeni. Akuyona inqubo ekhona kodwa inqubo enamandla ehlela imithetho, izimiso, nezimiso zezenhlalo. Kubafundi abaphambili njengaMax Weber, owachaza amandla okuphoqelela ngisho nokumelana nentando yomuntu, kubalandeli bosuku lwanamuhla abanjengoSteven Lukas, owahlola izici ezintathu zamandla (okwenza amaphutha, ukuhlelwa kwezimiso, nokuhlelwa kwezimiso zezimiso zezombangazwe), ukuhlolwa kwamandla ezombangazwe kuhlala kusekhona ekuqondiseni okuyinhloko, ukubusa, ubulungisa, nokuxabana.

Amandla ezombangazwe asebenza ngamazinga amaningi: ezinhlanganweni ezingokomthetho (ezihluphayo, ezishaya umthetho, ezahlulelweni), ngezimiso ezingahleliwe (abashisekeli bezithakazelo, amaqembu ezithakazelo, izinhlangano zezenhlalo), nangezimiso zempucuko eziveza lokho okubhekwa njengokungenzeka noma okwamukelekayo. Lesi sihloko sihlola izici eziyinhloko, izinhlobo, izindlela, amalens acatshangelwayo, nezinselele zezombangazwe, sinikeza uhlelo oluphelele lokuhlaziya indlela amandla asebenza ngayo emphakathini wanamuhla.

Izimpawu Zombuso Wezombangazwe

Amandla ezombangazwe angaqondwa ngezici eziningana eziyisihluthulelo eziwahlukanisayo emandleni anobudlova noma ithonya nje.

Igunya

Igunya limele ilungelo elingokomthetho lokwenza izinqumo nokuphoqelela imithetho. Lihlukile ekuphoqeleleni ngoba labo abanegunya bayalimukela njengebophayo, ngokuvamile ngenxa yesiko, izinqubo zomthetho, noma umholi wesisho. Max Weberray edume ngokusemthethweni igunya elihlangeneyo libe yizinhlobo ezintathu ezikahle: [iimfuyo,] (iziholi ezizuzwe njengefa), umlawuli ozuzwe ngefa, [FLT]] u-gamelll [irightages, [iiiiirty], [indlela ewuphawulekayo ngokomthetho] [indlela yomthetho] [indlela yokubusa, neyamandla ayizintengomthetho.

Ithonya

Ithonya liyikhono lokuthinta ukuziphatha noma izinkolelo zabanye ngaphandle kokuyala ngokuqondile noma ukuphoqelelwa. Lingasetshenziswa ngokuthonya, ngobuchwepheshe, ukunxusa kokuziphatha, noma ngokuxhaphaza. Cabanga ngochwepheshe wesimiso ohlela umthetho ngokunikeza ubufakazi, noma umgqugquzeli wezenhlalo othonya umbono womphakathi ngezindaba zezombangazwe. Ithonya ngokuvamile lisebenza kakhulu, likwenza kube nzima ukulinganisela kunegunya elingokomthetho kodwa elinamandla ngokulinganayo.

Ukulawula

Ukulawula kubhekisela ekhonweni lokuqondisa imithombo yezimali, izinhlangano, nezinqubo eziqonde eziphethwe yikho. Ukulawula kwezombangazwe kuhlanganisa ukuhlelwa kwezinhlelo zemithetho, ukuhlelwa kwezimali, nokuthunyelwa kwegunya likahulumeni (ibutho, ibutho lezempi). Ngokwesibonelo, umongameli olawula igatsha eliphethe angahlela izimiso ezithile ngokuhlela ezinye lapho zivimbela ezinye. Ukulawula futhi kudlulela ekulawuleni ukwaziswa: ohulumeni abavimbela inkululeko ngokulinganisela lokho izakhamuzi ezikwaziyo.

Izinhlobo Zamandla Ezombangazwe

Ukuqonda lezi zinhlobo kuyasiza ekuvezeni ukuthi kungani abanye abadlali benethonya kuyilapho abanye bengalithonyi.

Amandla Okudlala

Amandla akhokhelwayo ancike ekusongeleleni noma ekusebenziseni amandla ukuze agunyaze ukuthobela. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukulwa, ukuphoqelelwa kwamaphoyisa, ukuboshwa, noma izijeziso. Nakuba amandla enkohlakalo eyindlela ebonakala kakhulu, ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokugcina ngoba ibangela ukucasuka nokumelana. Imibuso yobushiqela ivame ukuthembela emandleni agunyaza ukuvimbela ukuphikisa. Nokho, ngisho nedemocracyism isebenzisa amandla okubambisana ngokusemthethweni, ngokwesibonelo, lapho amaphoyisa ephoqelela imithetho yezimoto noma izinkantolo zenkantolo.

Amandla Okuvuza

Umvuzo wamandla uhilela ukunikeza izinzuzo ngokuvumelana nokuvuma noma ukusekela. Kwezombangazwe, lokhu kungahlanganisa ukumiswa komnyango, izivumelwano, izimali, amakhefu entela, noma ukuxhaswa kwemali yomphakathi ngemisebenzi. Umbusi angavuza ummisi-mthetho othembekile ngosihlalo wekomiti, noma uhulumeni anganikeza izisusa ezinhlanganweni zokufaka umnyango emafekthri. Amandla angakhuthaza ukwethembeka kodwa futhi adale u-Carome nokonakala uma kusetshenziswa ngokungafanele.

Amandla Angokomthetho

Isuswe ezikhundleni ezingokomthetho phakathi kwezimiso − njengasezikhundleni ezikhethiwe, ezahlulelweni, noma ezikhundleni zezikhulu ze-"ureaucracy") amandla agunyaziwe ngemithetho nangezimiso. Abaqondisi banikeza igunya ngokhetho; imithetho echaza izinga lamandla egatsha ngalinye. Umongameli unamandla angokomthetho okulawula umthetho, kodwa kuphela phakathi kwemingcele yomthetho-sisekelo. Loluhlobo lwamandla luqinile ngoba lufakwe ezikhungweni zezinhlangano, kodwa ludinga ukuthenjwa komphakathi okuqhubekayo ukuze luhlale luphumelela.

Amandla Ezazi

Amandla anamandla asuka olwazini olukhethekile noma ekhonweni abanye abawazisayo. Ososayensi abacebisa ngenqubo yesimo sezulu, izazi zezomnotho eziqondisa izinqumo zezezimali, noma ochwepheshe abaxoxa ngezivumelwano bonke basebenzisa amandla ochwepheshe. Abenzi bezinqumo bancike kochwepheshe ukuze bathole ukwaziswa okuqondile, banikeze ochwepheshe ithonya elingaqondile ngemiphumela yenqubo. Nokho, amandla ochwepheshe angaphikiswa cishe phakathi nomqedazwe we-COVOVAD ka-19 lapho ochwepheshe bezempilo begxekwa abaholi bezombangazwe nangathembekile.

Amandla Anikezwayo

Amandla anamandla avela ekuheheni komuntu siqu, ebuhlotsheni, noma ekuzibonakaliseni nomholi. Ngokungafani negunya elimisiwe, amandla agunyaziwe azuzwa ngokuncoma, ukwethembana, nokuhlobana okungokomzwelo. Abaholi bePopulist abanjengoHugo Chávez noma abantu abangokomlando njengoMartin Luther King Jr. bahlongoza izigidi zabantu ngamandla anamandla. Loluhlobo luguquguquka ngoba luxhomeke ekufuneni komuntu okuqhubeka, futhi lungasetshenziselwa ukubuthelwa ngentando yeningi noma ukubuswa kwentando yeningi.

Amandla Athambile

Ebudlelwaneni bomhlaba wonke, amandla amakhulu [i-"i-FLT]] `i-'eyenziwe nguJoseph Nyaye]]'izinto zokukhanga nokufaka imvume kunoma i-odocs kunokusebenzisana. Ixhomeke emasikweni, emasikweni, naseburhulumenteni. [[FLT:]] amandla anzima [[FLT: 3] ahlanganisa amandla empi nangokwezomnotho. Isizwe esifaka usizo lwangaphandle, ukuhwebelana kwezempucuko, kanye nezokusakaza kwembulunga yonke yakha amandla aphansi. I-United States ifilimu ye Hollywoodys kanye nezomnotho yeJalimane kuyizibonelo. Impumelelo kakhulu yezwe ngokuvamile ihlanganisa amandla athambile nanzima [[FLT:]

Indlela Amandla Ezombangazwe Asetshenziswa Ngayo

Amandla ezombangazwe awagcini nje ngokuba nawo; asetshenziswa ngenkuthalo ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ekubuseni okungokomthetho kuya ethonyeni elicashile elingokwengqondo.

Ukubekwa Kwemithetho Nokwenza Imithetho

Ukubekwa kwemithetho kuwukusetshenziswa okuqondile kwegunya lezombangazwe. Imithetho elawula yonke into kusukela ekukhokheleni intela kuya emalungelweni omphakathi. Le nqubo ihilela ukuthengiselana, ukulungisa, nokuvota − wonke amandla adlala. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Affordhable Care Act idinga iminyaka eminingi yokuxoxisana, ukuyekethisa, nokusebenzisa izindlela zokulawula. Abenzi bemithetho basebenzisa amandla ngokumisa: izinhlangano ezifana ne-Evironmental Protection Agency ezikhipha imithetho elawula umthetho, ngokuvamile elinganiselwe.

Ukuthonya Nokwenza Umphakathi

Lawula ukulandisa kuyithuluzi eligxekayo lokulawula amandla. Abaholi basebenzisa izinkulumo, izingqungquthela, nezokuxhumana ukuze bahlele indlela izimpikiswano eziqondwa ngayo. Umqondo we ufaka imvume ."ukumelela indaba elulani oluthile .Indlela yokuxhumana ne-athonsi ithola ukusekelwa. Ngokwesibonelo, ukubiza intela yefa ngokuthi “intela yokufa” ilinganisa, ithonya umbono womphakathi. Ngokufanayo, izikhangiso zezombangazwe zivame ukukhanga emizweni njengokwesaba noma ukukhuthaza i-volunte. Inqubo yokuxhumana kwezombangazwe manje iyimboni yezesayensi yezentengitha yomhlaba, iqinisekisa ubukhulu bayo.

Ukuhleleka Kwe - Agenda

Njengoba uhlelo oluningi lwezimpompo zamanzi lukaJohn Kingdon lubonisa, ikhono lokuhlela izinhlelo liwuhlobo oluyinhloko lombuso. Labo abanqumayo ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezithola ukunakwa − futhi yiziphi ezinganakwayo. Izindawo zokudayisa ze-Media, izinqola zezimoto, nenzalo zincintisana ukuze ziphakamise izimpikiswano ezifana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukufuduka, noma ukunakekelwa kwempilo. Phakathi nezinhlekelele, ohulumeni bangahlela izinto ezithile ngokushesha, njengoba kubhekwa ngokusabela kobhadayo. Ngokuhlukile, abadlali abanamandla bangacindezela izindaba, njengokukhuthaza izinhlangano zezentengiselwano emelene nemithetho yesimo sezulu.

Isakhiwo Sendawo Yokuhlala Nokuhlangana

Ezimisweni zentando yeningi, akekho umdlali ovame ukuba namandla anele okuthatha isinyathelo eyedwa. Isakhiwo sokubambisana (-accoliation) esihlanganisa amaqembu, amaqembu enzalo, noma amazwe (isidingo). I-European Union iveza amandla asekelwe ebunyeni, lapho amazwe angamalungu exoxa ngokuhlehla. Ukushelela kuhilela ukuthengiselana, ukwethembana, nokusebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokusetshenziswa. Izinhlangano zezombangazwe zivame ukwakha ohulumeni abambisene ngemva kokhetho, zisakaza izitebhisi ezisekelwe emandleni alinganiselwe. Ukwehluleka ukwakha imifelandawo ethile kungaholela ekuthatheni i-jaji noma ekunqamulweni kwemithetho.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwezinhlangano

Ngezinye izikhathi abadlali bezombangazwe bashintsha imithetho yomdlalo ngokwawo ukuba ifake amandla abo. Ukusebenzisa iziphakamiso zesifunda ukusekela iqembu, [“isibonelo esivelele.] Izinkantolo zingagcwala abaqotho, izimiso ezikhethiwe zishintshwe, noma imibuso ekhuliswe. uViktor Orbán waseHungary wasebenzisa umthetho ngokomthetho ukuze aqinise amandla ombuso, aphakamise izinkathazo ngedemokrati. Izenzo ezinjalo zivame ukululaza umoya wokuncintisana kwezombangazwe.

Imibono Ephambene Ngamandla Ezombangazwe

Lezi zinkolelo - mbono zisitshela indlela esihlaziya ngayo izimiso zezombangazwe nokungalingani okuhlolayo.

I-Platuralism

Izazi zesayensi yesayensi yenkolo njengoRobert Dahl ziphikisa ngokuthi amandla ezombangazwe asakazeke phakathi kwamaqembu amaningi ancintisanayo, amaqembu, amaqembu, imithombo yezindaba, `awukho olawula ngokungaguquguquki. Ekuhloleni kukaDahl iNew Haven (1961), wathola ukuthi amaqembu ahlukene athonya izimpikiswano ezihlukene, avimbela noma isiphi isigaba esisodwa esivelele ekulawuleni yonke imiphumela. IPlaturalisms icabanga ukuthi uhulumeni wenza njengomxhasi ongathathi hlangothi. Nokho, abagxeki baphawula ukuthi ukwakheka kwezindawo ze-New Haven kunikeza izinhlangano kanye nokungena kwengcebo, okwenza ubuningi bube obungcono kakhulu kunangempela.

Imfundiso Ye - Elite

Uma kuqhathaniswa nobuningi, ochwepheshe abaphambili abanjengo-C.Wright Mills no-G. William Domoff baphikisa ngokuthi izikhulu ezincane, ezihlangene zinamandla ezinhlanganweni zezezomnotho, zezombangazwe, nezezempi. “amandla aphezulu” ahlanganyela izizinda, ama-club, nama-computer, ukuze akwazi ukuhlela izinqumo ezinkulu ezivumelanayo. Izimiso zemithetho zibonisa indlela ama-antenter, izisekelo, nezikhungo zezemisebenzi ezihlangene ezibonisa ngayo. Inkolelo- Elite igcizelela indlela amandla ezombangazwe agxila ngayo naphezu kwemithetho yentando yeningi, ikakhulukazi ekulweleni kwezentengiselwano yezezimali nokusekela.

Imibono KaMarx

KumaMarx, amandla ezombangazwe ekugcineni atholakala ebuhlotsheni bezezomnotho. Umbuso uyithuluzi lesigaba esibusayo ."bourgeoisie" ovame ukugcina ukuxhashazwa kwezenkampane. Ngisho nemibuso yentando yeningi ibonwa njengegcina ukungalingani kwezigaba ngezimiso ezinjengokuthengwa kwentela kwabacebile noma abahlulwayo. AmaMarix, njengo-Antonio Gramsci, wasungula umqondo [FLT: 0] : isigaba esibusayo sidlulisela amandla emphakathini wesizwe ngempucuko, imfundo, nezokuxhumana, okwenza ukubusa kwawo kubonakale kungokwemvelo. Hegemony uchaza ukuthi kungani amaqembu acindezelayo ngezinye izikhathi esekela izithakazeko zawo siqu.

Amandla E - Foucault

Michel Foucault wamandla okucabanga aphelele afana nokucindezela kodwa akhiqizayo. Amandla ahlanganiswa emikhubeni yansuku zonke − indlela esiziqeqesha ngayo, indlela izinhlangano ezibahlukanisa ngayo abantu, indlela olukhiqizwa ngayo ulwazi. Ngokwesibonelo, izimiso zasejele zakha “amadenti”; iziphathimandla zezokwelapha zichaza ukuthi“avamile” kanye“ nenobudlabha. [[FUcault:] i-panoptinoc[[[ isifanekiso esichaza indlela ukuqapha okuziqondisa okungaguquguqukiyo. Lombono wembula ukuthi amandla ezombangazwe awakho aphezulu nje kuphela kodwa ancishiswe ngezimiso zezenhlalo nezimiso ze-bureacracratic, zenza ukuphikiswa okuyinkimbinkimbi.

Indima Yamandla Ezombangazwe Emkhayeni

Ukubusa kwezombangazwe kugcwele cishe zonke izici zokuphila kwabantu bonke, kusukela ekubuseni kuya ekuzimeni kwamasiko.

Ukubusa Nokuklanywa Kwezinhlangano

Umbuso wezombangazwe uhlela indlela imiphakathi ehlelwe ngayo ngokubusa ngentando yeningi, nge-pholic, noma ngemibuso exubile. Iziqu ezifana nezishaya-mthetho, izinkantolo, nemibuso ye-bureaucracy ziyizakhiwo zamandla ezenza isinqumo somshicileli. Imiklamo yomthetho-sisekelo (i-presidential v.parmary vs.uhulumeni) uhlela amandla ngendlela ehlukile. Ngokwesibonelo, izimiso zikahulumeni zisakaza amandla aqonde phezulu, zivumele ubukhosi besifunda, kuyilapho izimiso zesifunda zilawula. Amahlola nezilinganiso zesimiso somkhakhakha wokuvimbela noma igatsha elilodwa ekulawuleni, kodwa futhi zingavula amandla uma amandla ehlukene kakhulu.

Ubulungisa Bezenhlalo Nokungalingani

Amandla ezombangazwe ayisisekelo sezinhlangano zokulingana. Ngokungokomlando, amaqembu ancishisiwe, abesifazane, amaqembu amancane ezinhlanga, i-LGBTQ+ (abantu ngabanye) baye balwela amalungelo okuvota, imithetho elwa nokungavumelani nomthetho, kanye nokumelela. Ukungalingani kwamandla kuqhubeki kwezakhiwo ezilinganayo: imiphakathi engadonswa kakhulu kwezombangazwe ithola isisekelo esilinganiselwe, imfundo ephansi, nokuthola imingcele elinganiselwe ebulungisani.

Ukuthuthwa Kwesimiso Sezomnotho Nezengcebo

Ukubonakaliswa okuphathekayo kwegunya lezombangazwe ukusetshenziswa kwemali kahulumeni. Izinqumo mayelana nokukhokha intela, ukuchitha imali emishayelweni yezempilo, emfundweni, ekuzivikeleni, nasenhlalakahleni yezenhlalo zilwisana nemithombo yezezomnotho. Abenzi bezentengiselwano abanamandla − `amabhange, izinkampani, izinyunyana, ukuhlanganisa ukumisa imithetho yentela nezimiso. Ngokwesibonelo, ithonya lezezimali ngemva kwenhlekelele ka-200 laholela ekukhokheleni izinguquko ezilinganiselwe, kuyilapho izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa inhlalakahle zinquma ukuthi ingcebo igxile yini noma incithano engokwembusweni.

Imikhuba Yamasiko Nesayensi Yesayensi Yengqondo

Amandla ezombangazwe asebenza futhi ngokomfanekiso: agunyaza izindinganiso ezithile, imilando, nezinto eziza kuqala. Izifundo zezwe, izikhumbuzo zomphakathi, nemithombo yezindaba zibonisa impucuko evelele. Ohulumeni bangakhuthaza ukulandisa kobunye besizwe noma bacindezele amazwi aphikisanayo. Cabanga ngezimpikiswano zokufundisa inkolelo yezinhlanga egxekayo noma izikhumbuzo ezingokomlando kubaholi abamelene nezombangazwe. Amandla okuchaza ukuma kwesizwe agxile kakhulu, athonya lokho okubhekwa njengokushisekela izwe noma ukuvukela umbuso.

Izinselele Embusweni Wezombangazwe

Alukho uhlobo lwamandla ezombangazwe oluphelele, lubhekene nokuncintisana okuqhubekayo okuvela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene, engaphazamisa imibuso nokushintsha kwamandla.

Ukuphikisana Nomphakathi Nokuphikisa

Ukumelana kwezakhamuzi − kusukela ekuceleni ukubhikisheni okukhulu − ukubhikisha okungalawuleki. I-Arabian Spring, ukubhikisha kwe-productral ye-Hong Kong, kanye nenhlangano yembulunga yonke ye-Black Live Matter kubonisa indlela ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokubambisana okungakhubaza ohulumeni noma ukuphoqelela inqubo eshintshashintshayo. Izembutho zezenhlala-phakathi zinqabela ukungavumelani ngemisebenzi nokusakaza ezinye izindaba. Nokho, ohulumeni ngokuvamile basabela ngokucindezela, ukuqapha, noma ngokufaka isikhalazo, kubonisa ukuthi ukuphikisana njalo kuyinqubo evumelanayo.

Ukuphikiswa Kwezombangazwe Nokuncintisana Kweqembu

Ebuthweni lentando yeningi, amaqembu okuphikiswa asebenza njengenselele yezinhlangano. Zihlola izinqubo, zinikeza ezinye izindlela, futhi zilungiselela ukuthatha isikhundla ngokhetho. Ukuphikiswa okunamandla kugcina amandla abusayo enecala, kodwa lapho ukuphikiswa kubuthakathaka, noma kuthulisiwe, amandla alawulayo awenziwa alawuleki. Imibuso ivame ukususa noma inciphise ukuphikiswa ngokuhlukumeza okungokomthetho, ukuboshwa, noma ukukhwabanisa kokhetho.

Ukucwaninga Nempi Yezindaba

I-pagergate, Panama Papers, kanye nokubika kwamuva ngezimali ezingenisa imvume kuholela ekuyekeni, ekulingweni, nasekushintsheni. Nokho, amandla ezindaba angancishiswa ukugcinwa kwempahla (i-Rupert Murdoch’s mbuso), ukuchofoza isiko, nokuhlasela izintatheli (“izindaba ezikhansela”). Ukuncipha kwezindaba zendawo kululaza ukulandisa, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemaphandleni.

Ukuhwebelana Kwembulunga Yonke Nezizwe

Izinhlangano zezizwe ngezizwe, izinhlangano zomhlaba wonke njenge-UN noma i-WTO, umphakathi wembulunga yonke wezwe lonke .(application) ilinganisela amandla ezombangazwe zasekhaya. Izivumelwano zebhizinisi zilinganisela ukulawulwa kwezindawo; izivumelwano zamalungelo abantu zicindezela ohulumeni ekuphathweni kweqembu elincane; izivumelwano zesimo sezulu zidinga ukukhishwa. Ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kunika abanye abadlali amandla lapho belinganisela abanye (imibuso elawulayo). Izikhulu zempoqo ziveza ukumelana nokubusa kwembulunga yonke, njengoba abaholi beveza ukuphakama kwezwe.

Ukushintsha Kwezobuchwepheshe Namandla Amanani

I-Internet kanye nezokuxhumana zinezimo ezihloniphekile zezombangazwe ngezindlela ezithile kodwa futhi zikwazi ukwenza ukuba kube nezindlela zokulawula ezisha. Imithetho-mthetho ilololonga lokho izakhamuzi ezikubonayo, futhi izinkampani zobuchwepheshe ezinjengo Facebook noma uGoogle zifinyelela kakhulu. Ohulumeni basebenzisa imishini yokuhlola izikweletu zezenhlalakahle (isimiso senhlangano yeChina, iqoqo lemininingwane yemitapo) ukuze babone ukungavumelani. Okwamanje, ukuhlasela kwe-inthaneti kanye nokuxosha i-interroscope (ukungenela kwe-Russia ekukhetheni) kubonisa ukuthi abadlali abangekhona umbuso bangabukhali kanjani ubuchwepheshe bokulwa nezinhlangano zezombangazwe.

Isiphetho: Ukubaluleka Okuhlala Njalo Kwamandla Ezombangazwe

Umbuso wezombangazwe awulungile noma mubi ngokwawo; uyisici esingenakugwenywa sokuphila kwabantu bonke. Indlela amandla atholakala ngayo, agunyaziwe, asetshenziswa futhi abekwe inselele inquma izinga lokubusa, izinga lenkululeko, kanye nokusakaza amathuba. Ukuqonda amandla ezombangazwe akudingi ukutadisha izikhundla ezingokomthetho nemithetho kuphela kodwa futhi namandla acushiwe ethonya, ukubusa, nemibono.

Kuzakhamuzi, ukuqaphela izakhiwo zokubusa kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuthembisana umphakathi. Izazi zibheka amandla ngendlela enezithelo zokuthola inhlalakahle yentando yeningi nokuveza izinguquko. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngokuvota, ngokubhikisha, noma ngokwakha ezinye izinhlangano, zonke izenzo zezombangazwe ziwumzamo wokwakha onegunya nendlela elisetshenziswa ngayo. Njengoba izwe libhekene nezinselele ngenxa yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kube ukukhuphuka, ikhono lokuqonda nokusebenzisa amandla ezombangazwe ngokunenzuzo liyohlala lilinye lamakhono abaluleke kakhulu okwakha nokulondoloza izinhlangano ezilungile.