Table of Contents
INtshonalanga Australia ingenye yezindawo ezihluke kakhulu emhlabeni. Izindawo ezihlukile zomhlaba ezinezitshalo nezilwane ezihlukile ezitholakala eMhlabeni. Lesi sifundakazi, esihlanganisa amakhilomitha-skwele angaba yizigidi ezingu-6, ihlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kusukela kumahlathi asendulo nasemaphandleni olwandle kuya ezingwadule eziwugwadule nasendaweni yasolwandle ecocekile. Izindawo ezihlukene zezwe nezindawo ezihlukahlukene zezulu ezihlukene ziye zakhuthaza ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwezinhlobo zezilwane ezivelele zefa lemvelo yase-Australia. Ukuvikela le sayensi yemvelo engenakuthathelwa indawo, i-Western Australia iye yasungula izimiso ezibanzi, i-projectal, i-alformationssssssss, nezimiso zokulondolovation, nezinhlelo eziklanyelwe ukuvikela izilwane zasendle futhi zivimbele ukuqothulwa kwezilwane.
Ukubaluleka kokulondoloza izilwane eNtshonalanga Australia akunakushiwo kabanzi. I-Western Australia icebile futhi ihlukile, okuningi kwayo kubhekwa njengokubalulekile futhi njengokubalulekile ngokwesizwe nasemhlabeni wonke. Nokho, lengcebo engokwemvelo ibhekana nezingcindezi ezikhulayo ngenxa yokulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala, ukuwohloka kwesimo sezulu, nokukhula kwabantu. Ukuqonda izimiso zokulondoloza imvelo nokwenziwa kwazo kubalulekile ukuze ziqaphele imizamo eqhubekayo yokulondoloza izizukulwane ze-Western Australia.
Ukuziphendukela Kwemithetho Yokulondolozwa Kwezilwane Zasendle
Ukusuka EMthethweni Wokuvikela Izilwane Zasendle Ngo - 1950 Kuya Ekwahlulelweni Kwanamuhla
Iminyaka ecishe ibe ngamashumi ayisikhombisa, iWildlife Conservation Act ka 1950 yasebenza njengesisekelo semizamo yokuvikela iNtshonalanga Australia. IWildlife Conservation Act isenzweni sePhalamende leNtshonalanga Australia enikeza umthetho ophathelene nokulondolozwa kwezitshalo nezilwane. Lomthetho wokuphayona wamisa uhlelo olungokomthetho lokuvikela izilwane nezitshalo, ukwakha izindawo ezivikelekile, nokuqondisa imisebenzi engalimaza izilwane zasendle.
Lo Mthetho wahlanganisa izici eziningi ezibucayi zokuphatha izilwane, kuhlanganise nokuvikela izilwane, izimfuneko zokuvikela izilwane, iziphathimandla zezilwane, nezimiso ngokuphathelene namazwe ombuso. UMthetho uhlanganisa ukuvikelwa kwezilwane, ukuthathwa kwezilwane, izimfuneko zephepha-mvume namathuba angase avele, igunya lezikhulu zezilwane zasendle, amazwe avuselelwe. Ngaphansi kwalomthetho, izinhlobo zezilwane zahlukaniswa ngokwezinga eliphansi, ngezimiso eziklama izilwane nezitshalo njengezinto ezingavamile, cishe ziphele, noma ziqedwe ukuba ziphele.
UMthetho Ka - 2016 Wokuvikela Imvelo Ezinhlobonhlobo
Iqaphela isidingo somthetho wokulondolozwa kwemvelo obanzi nowesikhathi sawo, i-Western Australia yathatha inguquko enkulu yemithetho yomthetho. Ngo-1 January 2019, i-Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 ne-Biodiversity Conservation Regionation Regionation 2018 yathatha indawo yayo kokubili iWildlife Conservation Act 1950 ne Sandalwood Act kanye nemithetho yayo ehambisana nayo. Lolushintsho lwaphawula isikhathi esibaluleke kakhulu endleleni yokulondoloza izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ibonakalisa ukuqonda kwezesayensi nezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokulondolozwa kwemvelo.
I - Biodiversity Conservation Act ne - Biodiversity Conservation Arcts Ilbument ivikela izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kuhlanganise nezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezisongelwayo nezindawo ezisengozini.
I-Biodiversity Conservation Act ivikela izilwane nezitshalo eziyingqayizivele zaseNtshonalanga Australia ngokunikeza isisekelo esingokomthetho sokulondoloza izinhlobonhlobo zezilwane nokuvikela inqubo ezingokwemvelo ezizinikezayo. Lesi simiso esibanzi senza ukuba imithombo engokwemvelo kahulumeni ikwazi ukuphatha izikhali zemvelo ngokunikeza iziqondiso ezicacile zokulondoloza imvelo, ukuhlola intuthuko, nokubopha umphakathi.
Ukuhlelwa Nokuhlelwa Kwezilwane Ezisongelwayo
Ukuqonda Izindlela Zosongo
Ngaphansi kweBiodiversity Conservation Act, izinhlobo zomdabu zisongelwa lapho zibhekene nengozi enkulu yokuqothulwa endle, futhi imvelo isengozini enkulu yokuqothulwa lapho ibhekene nengozi enkulu yokuwa.
Izinhlobo zezilwane ezisengozini esengozini zibhekene nethuba elikhulu lokuqothulwa maduze, kuyilapho izinhlobo ezisengozini ziyoqothulwa ngaphandle kokungenela.
Izilwane Ezisengozini Enkulu ENtshonalanga Australia
I-Western Australia iyikhaya lezilwane eziningi ezisengozini kakhulu ezidinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo. I-Nyoongar Name: Kyyorling Scientific Name: Pezopovivantris Com: Isimo se-Western Ground Parrot Conservation: I-Critical Consed. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlobo lunethuba elikhulu kakhulu lokufa noma lokuqothulwa esikhathini esizayo. I-joalcorling, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Kyorling ngolimi lweNoongar, imelela esinye sezinyoni eziyingozi kakhulu zikahulumeni.
I-Nyoongar Name: Yarkiny Scientific Name: I-Pseudemydura umbrina Common Name: I-Western Swomp Tortoise Conservation simo: Isengozini enkulu kakhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlobo lunethuba elikhulu lokufa noma lokuqothulwa esikhathini esizayo. Imfucumfucu yamaxhaphozi asentshonalanga, noma iYarkiny, ingenye yezihuqu ezingavamile emhlabeni futhi ikhona ezindaweni ezincane ezihlala inhlabathi enyakatho yePerth.
I-wylie, noma i-otalysed metail, inikeza esinye isibonelo sezinhlobo ezibhekene nezinsongo eziyingozi. Lezi zilwane ezisongelwayo zisohliswe njengezilwane ezisengozini eyingozi ngaphansi koMthetho we-Western Australian Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016. Ngokwesizwe zisohliswe njenge Endaweni Eyingozi ngaphansi kweCommonwealth Environmental Provincial Act 1999, futhi i-iodiversity Conservation Conservation Act ka-19994, futhi emhlabeni wonke isohral u-IUCN der of Tristened Ased Literacy.
I-wrintail possum yasentshonalanga iwuhlobo olusongelwa ngaphansi komthetho wezwe nomthetho we-Commonwealth. ENtshonalanga Australia lezi zilwane zisohlwini lwezilwane ezisengozini eyingozi ngaphansi koMthetho we-Biodiversity Conservation 2016. Ngokwesizwe zisohliswa nangokuthi i-Critical Controlificial Environment Provice and Biodiversity Conservation Conservation Act 1999, futhi emhlabeni wonke zisongwe yi-IUCN Red Agementen of Critistened Acticals as a Critical.
Izilwane Ezisengozini ENtshonalanga Australia
Ngaphandle kwezinhlobo ezisengozini enkulu, i-Western Australia inezilwane eziningi ezisengozini ezidinga ukungenela okukhulu ekulondolozeni imvelo. I-Nyoongar Name: Noombat Scientific Name: Myrmobatius fasciatus Com: i-Numbat Conservation: Sited Conservation. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlobo oluthile lunganyamalala esikhathini esizayo esiseduze. I-candat, isilwane esizingela saseNtshonalanga Australia, sibhekene nezinsongo eziqhubekayo naphezu kokuba siwuphawu lwezilwane zasendle zikahulumeni.
INyoongar Name: Ingorolark Scientific Name: ICalyptorynchus latirostris Common Name: i-Carnaby's Coccatootics imote: Isengozini kakhulu: Inyama izophela esikhathini esiseduze esizayo. i-ccakatoo kaCarnaby's, i-ccatoo emnyama enkulu eqhelelene ne-intshona-ntshona ye-Australia, iye yabhekana nokuncipha kwenani labantu elikhulu ngenxa yokulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala nokuwohloka.
Izindawo Ezivikelwe Nezindawo Zokulondoloza Imvelo
Inethiwekhi Yendawo Evikelekile
INtshonalanga Australia iphethe iqoqo elikhulu lezindawo ezivikelekile ezisebenza njengeziphephelo ezibucayi zezilwane nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezisongelwayo. Le ngxenye ihlanganisa amapaki emvelo, izindawo ezivikelekile, amapaki okuvikela imvelo nezindawo zasolwandle, ezihlanganisa izigidi zamahektare asogwini. Lezi zindawo ezivikelekile zihlanganisa imvelo ehlukahlukene, kusukela emahlathini amade aseningizimu - ntshonalanga kuya emagqumeni amamangelengele eKimberley kanye naseziqibeni zamakhorali ezicwe ezisebeni ezigudla i - coral.
Isimiso sezindawo ezivikelwe sifeza imisebenzi eminingi ngaphandle kokulondoloza izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Lezindawo zivikela amasampula amelelwe esayensi yezinto eziphilayo zaseNtshonalanga Australia, zilondoloza izici zesayensi yendawo ezungezile, zigcine imvelo, zinikeze amathuba okucwaninga okungokwesayensi, futhi zinikeze izindawo zokuzilibazisa nezokuvakasha okusekelwe emvelweni. Ukuphatha lezi zindawo kudinga ukulinganisela izinjongo zokulondolozwa nokusetshenziswa okungagcinwa nokutholakala emphakathini.
Amapaki Esizwe Emifanekiso Nokubaluleka Kwawo Kokulondolozwa Kwemvelo
IRottnest Island, esendaweni esogwini lwePerth, isebenza njengendawo engcwele ebaluleke kakhulu ye-carmonicka, imarsupial encane eye yaduma emhlabeni wonke ngenxa yesimilo sayo sobungane. Ukuvikelwa kwesiqhingi kuye kwenza ukuba abantu base-modelka bakwazi ukuchuma lapho kungekho izilwane ezidla ezinye ezihlala ezwekazini, okuyenza ibe enye yezindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokulondolozwa kwalezi zilwane.
IKalbarri National Park, egudle uMfula iMurchison, ivikela izindawo ezivelele ezihlala ogwini nasezweni. Izindawo ezihlukahlukene zaleli paki zisekela izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo nezilwane, kuhlanganise nezimbalwa eziyivelakancane noma ezisongelwayo. Imifula emikhulu namawa asogwini asogwini anikeza izinhlobonhlobo zezinyoni nezitshalo eziyingqayizivele ezijwayelene nezimo zalendawo ezingajwayelekile.
IYanchep National Park, esenyakatho yePerth, imelela indawo ebalulekile yokulondoloza imvelo entshonalanga yesifunda esinabantu abaningi. Ipaki livikela izindawo ezingamaxhaphozi, amahlathi, nemihume yelimestone esekela izilwane zasendle ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nama-kangaroo asentshonalanga yengwevu, amakoala (okuncishisiwe), nezinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni. Ukusondela kwawo ezindaweni zasemadolobheni kwenza ukuba ulondoloze imfundo nomphakathi.
Izindawo Ezivikelwe Imikhumbi
Indawo yasolwandle yaseNtshonalanga Australia ibaluleke ngokufanayo ekulondolozweni kwezinto eziphilayo. Umbuso uphatha amapaki amaningi asolwandle nezindawo zokugcina izindawo ezivikela amakhorali, amadlelo asolwandle, amahlathi emihlume, nendawo yokuhlala eseduze olwandle. Lezi zindawo ezivikelweyo zivikela izindawo zokuzalela nokufuya izilwane zasolwandle, izimfudu zasolwandle, izinhlanzi, kanye nezingadlanga.
I-Ningaloo Marine Park, indawo ye-UNESCO World Heritage, iyisibonelo sokulondolozwa kwezindawo zasolwandle ezisemzileni womhlaba. I-paki ivikela enye yezixhobo zamakhorali ezinamade kakhulu emhlabeni futhi inikeza indawo yokuhlala oshaka abamikhomo, imisebe, imikhomo, nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zasolwandle. Ukuhlanganiswa kokulondoloza imvelo kanye nokuvakasha okungagcinwa kubonisa indlela izindawo ezingasekela ngayo kokubili izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo nezomnotho zendawo.
Izinhlelo Zokululama Kwezidalwa Nezinyathelo Zokuzilondoloza
Ukuhlela Ukululama Okungasifaka Inselele
Ukuhlanganisa nokuvikela izinhlobo ezisongelwayo kanye nemiphakathi esongelwayo yendawo ezungezile kuyisici esiyinhloko semithwalo yemfanelo yokulondoloza izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kulomnyango. Umnyango we-Biodiversity, Conservation and Accouls (DBCA) uhlanganisa izinhlelo ezibanzi zokulungisa izinhlobo ezisongelwayo, usebenzise amasu obufakazi ukuze ubhekane nezinsongo ezibhekene nezinhlobo ezithile.
Izinhlelo zokululama zihlanganisa izakhi eziningi, kuhlanganise nokusongela ukukhucululwa kwezindawo, ukubuyiselwa kwezithunjwa, ukuthunyelwa kwenye indawo, ukugada nokucwaningwa. Lezi zinhlelo zidinga ukubopheka isikhathi eside futhi zihilela ukubambisana phakathi kwezinhlangano zikahulumeni, izinhlangano zokucwaninga, izinhlangano zokulondoloza imvelo, nemiphakathi yendawo.
Ukulondolozwa Kwendawo Ezungeze Inhlabathi YaseNtshonalanga
I-pholi entshonalanga iyisilwane esisongelwa ngaphansi komthetho wezwe nomthetho we-Commonwealth. ENtshonalanga ye-Australia lezi zilwane zisohlwini lwezilwane ezisengozini ngaphansi koMthetho wokuvikelwa kwe-Biodiversity Conservation 2016. Ibuye isongwe ngokuthi i-Critical Environmental Protection ne-Biodiversity Conservation Conservation Act 1999. Imizamo yokulondoloza lenyoni enzima ihlanganisa ukuvikela indawo yokuhlala, ukulawula umlilo, ukulawula iziloka, nokulawula isilwane esizingelayo, kanye ne-meotafile ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokushaya umsindo ukuze kuzwe izingcingo ezihlukanisayo.
Ukusinda kwephaneli elisentshonalanga kuxhomeke ekulondolozeni indawo efanelekile ehlala iheathland enohlaza olufanele. Ukulawula umlilo kunendima ebalulekile, ngoba lezi zinhlobo zidinga i-octal yohlaza ekudala ikwazi ukunikeza kokubili indawo yokuhlala nokuzala kuyilapho kugwema inhlekelele yemililo yemvula eshile enkulu.
Imizamo Yokululama Kwezinzwa
UWoylie wake wahlala ingxenye enkulu yezwekazi lase-Australia eningizimu yezindawo ezishisayo kuhlanganise nezindawo ezomile nezinemvula encane zaseNtshonalanga Australia, i-Northern Territory, i-New South Wales ne-Victoria. Nokho, manje atholakala ezindaweni ezimbili ezincane: i-Warren neDyandra Woodland. Kukhona futhi abantu abadabukayo eBatalling nasezindaweni ezibiyelwe eMt Gibson, iKarikamia neWhiteman Park, kanye nase-New South Wales nase-Australia.
Isimiso sokululama kwezilwane sibonisa ukuthi kuyinkimbinkimbi ukulondolozwa kwezilwane ezisongelwayo. Naphezu kwempumelelo yokuqala yokwanda kwemiphakathi yabantu ngokulawula izilwane ezidla inyama nokuthutha izindawo ezikude, amanani ezinto ezihambayo aye ehla kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva. Ukucwaninga okuqhubekayo kuhlola izimbangela zalokhu kuncipha, kuhlanganise nezifo, ukukhula kwezilwane, nokukhula kwendawo, ukuze kumenyezelwe izindlela zokuzilawula.
Ukulondolozwa Kwemvelo Yama Numet
I-Numbat incane kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nenyama ebizwa ngokuthi i-marsupial ewuphawu lwezilwane eNtshonalanga Australia. Ziphila emiphakathini emibili eyenzeka ngokwemvelo eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Australia. Abanye abantu abaphinde baphinde batholakala bahlala eziqiwini ezivikelelwe eNew South Wales nase-South Australia. Ukulondoloza iNumbat kuhilela ukulawula okukhulu okuhlasela amakati namaphaza, okuyizinto ezisongela kakhulu kule diurnal marquist.
Izinhlelo zokuthutha ziye zamisa inani elisha labantekentshe eziqiwini ezivinjelwe ngezilwane ezizimele, zinikeza imishuwalense enhlekeleleni kubantu basendle. Le zinhlelo zidinga ukuhlaliswa kwendawo, ukulungiselelwa kwendawo yokuhlala, nokugadwa okuqhubekayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe impumelelo.
Ukubuyiselwa Kwemizimba Okukhulu
I-bilby enkulu, eyake yasakazeka e-Australia eyomile futhi engadli kakhulu, iye yabhekana nokufinyela okuphawulekayo. Imizamo yokulondoloza izitshalo yaseNtshonalanga Australia igxile ekuvikeleni amanani asele ezakhamuzi nasekuvuseleleni indawo ezindaweni lapho lezi zilwane zingasekho khona. Izinqaba ezivimbele imvelo zikha iziphephelo eziphephile lapho izibawu zingazalela khona ngaphandle kosongo olungapheli lwezilwane ezizingelayo.
Ukuvuselelwa kwemifino kuhilela ukulawula umfutho wokudla, ukulawula izitshalo ezifuyile, nokugcina izitshalo zisesimweni esifanelekile. Indima yezinhlobo njengenjiniyela wezinto eziphilayo nezidalwa ezikhiqizwayo zenza ezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo zikwazi ukukhosela izitshalo.
Isimiso Sokuthungatha Izimoto SaseNtshonalanga
Isimiso sokuzalanisa ufudu lwasemaxhaphozini entshonalanga simelela enye yezindlela zokuzalana ezinde kakhulu nempumelelo kakhulu e-Australia. I-Perth Zoo ihlanganise amakhulu ezimfudu kusukela ekuqaleni kohlelo, futhi eziningi zidedelwe ezindaweni ezibandayo ezivikelekile. Lo hlelo luhlanganisa ukuzalana kwezithunjwa ngesivikelo sendawo yokuhlala nendalo, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izimfudu zinezindawo ezifanele zokusinda nokuzala.
Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kubangela izinselele ezinkulu ekulondolozeni izimfudu ezisemaxhaphozini asentshonalanga, njengoba lezi zinhlobo zixhomeke ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi eziya ziba nokwethenjelwa.
Ukusongelwa Nokuphatha
Ukulawula Izilwane Nezilwane Ezingenayo
Izinhlobo ezingcolisayo zimelela olunye lwezinsongo eziphawuleka kakhulu ezilwaneni zasendle zaseNtshonalanga Australia. Amakati, izimpungushe, onogwaja, izimbuzi, nezitshalo eziningi ezinamagciwane zinezithiyo ezibhubhisa imvelo yendawo ezungezile. Umbuso usebenzisa izindlela zokulawula ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nokuzibamba, ukudubula, ukuthandela, nokulawula izilwanyana, ukuze ulawule izidalwa eziphila kuzo.
Uhlelo lwe-Western Shield, olunye lwezindlela ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni zokuvikela izilwane zasendle, lusebenzisa ukuhlasela emoyeni nasemajukujukwini ukuze lulawule impungushe kanye namakati ahlala ezigidini zamahektare. Lolu hlelo luye lwaba usizo ekuthuthukiseni inani lezilwane eziningi ezincelisayo ezisongelwayo, kuhlanganise ne-oylies, i-hantat, ne-carbokkas. Impumelelo yohlelo ibonisa ukubaluleka okunzima kokulawula izilwane ezizingela imvelo eziphila ngokulondolozwa.
Ukulawula ikati kuphakamisa izinselele ezithile ngenxa yokukwazi ukuvumelana nezinhlobo, ukuzingela, nekhono lokukwazi ukuphila endaweni ehlukene. Ukucwaninga ngesayensi yemvelo yezilwane nezilwane eziphila phakathi kwamakati, ukuziphatha, kanye nenani labantu kunikeza amasu okulawula amasu, kuhlanganise nokuthuthukisa izicupho eziphumelela kakhulu, izindlela zokubamba, nokuzihlukanisa.
Ukuphathwa Komlilo Kwezinto Eziphilayo
Umlilo unendima eyinkimbinkimbi e-eviology yeNtshonalanga Australia, nezinhlobo eziningi ezivumelaniswe nezindawo ezithile zokucima umlilo. Nokho, ukushiswa kwemililo kuxutshwe nokushiswa njalo kanye nokushiswa kwezinhlobo zezilwane eziyingozi. Ukulawulwa komlilo kuhloselwe ukwenza ukwakheka kwezindawo nezitshalo ezihlukene, kunikeza izinhlobonhlobo zendawo ezidingeka ukuze kutholakale izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Imikhuba yokushisa yendabuko engokomdabu inikeza ukuqonda okubalulekile kwabalawuli bomlilo bamanje. Abantu bomdabu baphatha izindawo ngomlilo amashumi ezinkulungwane zeminyaka, benza izindlela ezasekela izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo futhi zanciphisa ingozi yemililo yenhlekelele. Ukukhomba ulwazi lwamaGabisi lokushiswa komlilo kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekulondolozweni kwezindawo okuphumelela kakhulu nokufanele amasiko.
Ukulawulwa Kwezifo
Izifo zezilwane zasendle zibangela ukusongela kokulondoloza izilwane. Izifo ezinjengesikhunta esihlasela amaxoxo, isifo sesimila ebusweni eTasmanian devil, kanye nemithi ehlukahlukene ethinta izilwane ezincelisayo zomdabu kudinga ukuqashelwa nokuqondiswa ngokucophelela.
Ukucwaninga ngezifo zezilwane zasendle, izindlela zazo zokudlulisela, nokwelashwa okungase kunikeze usizo ekulawuleni. Kwezinye izimo, imishuwalense evalelwe ivikela ekuqothulweni kwezifo ezindaweni ezihlala abantu zasendle.
Ukuhlanganyela Kwezakhamuzi Nolwazi Lwesiko
Ukuphathwa Kwezwe Kwendawo
Izakhamuzi zase-Australia ziye zalawula indawo yezwekazi iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 000, zithuthukisa ulwazi oluyinkimbinkimbi lwendawo ezungezile nezindlela zokuphatha indawo eziqinile. Ziqaphela ukubaluleka kwalolulwazi, iNtshonalanga Australia ihlanganisa imibono nemikhuba yomdabu ekuhleleni ukulondoloza nokuphatha.
Izakhamuzi ezivikelwe i-IP zindawo ezimelelwayo zimelela ingxenye ekhulayo yendawo evikelekile e-Australia. Lezindawo, ezilawulwa imiphakathi yezakhamuzi, zihlanganisa izinhloso zokulondolozwa kwemvelo nesivikelo sefa lezentengiselwano. I-IPAs yenza abantu bomdabu bakwazi ukulondoloza ukuxhumana nezwe kuyilapho benengxenye ezimisweni zokulondoloza izwe nombuso.
Amalungiselelo Okuqondisa Ibhizinisi
Ukuqondisa izindawo ezivikelwe kuhilela ubuhlobo phakathi kwezinhlangano zikahulumeni nabanikazi bendabuko, behlanganyela igunya lokwenza izinqumo nemithwalo yemfanelo yokuphatha. Lamalungiselelo aqaphela amalungelo esizwe kanye nezithakazelo kuyilapho esebenzisa ulwazi olungokwesiko kanye nesayensi yokulondolozwa kwemvelo yamanje.
Ukuphathwa kwekhomputha kungathuthukisa imiphumela yokulondoloza imvelo ngokuhlanganisa ulwazi lwendawo ezungezile, ukuthuthukisa ukuthembisana komphakathi, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi abaphathi bakhona bayawahlonipha amasiko. Ukuphumelela kwempumelelo yempatho kudinga ukubambisana kwangempela, imithombo eyanele, nokuhloniphana phakathi kwabantu abashadile.
Izindinganiso Zempucuko Nezokulondoloza Imvelo
Izinhlelo zokuvikela nokuvikela imvelo eziqaphela futhi zihloniphe lokhu kuxhumana okungokwesiko komphakathi zingakha ukusekela nokuhlanganisa ulwazi olungokwesiko olubalulekile ngesayensi yezinto eziphilayo nendawo yazo nezimiso zokuphatha.
Izinhlelo zezindawo zifeza izindima ezibalulekile ekulondolozweni kwezilwane, ekunikezeni ulwazi olungokwesiko, ochwepheshe bendawo, nemibono engokwesiko eqondiswe ezilwaneni zasendle.
Ukushintsha Kwesimo Sezulu
Ukushintsha Kwesimo Sezulu Kuthinta Izilwane Zasendle ZaseNtshonalanga Australia
Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kudala izinselele ezinkulu ekulondolozeni izilwane zasendle eNtshonalanga Australia. Izinguquko ezihlongozwayo zihlanganisa ukushisa okukhuphuka kwamazinga okushisa, ukushintsha kwemvula, isomiso esivamile nesinzima, ukuvutha komlilo nokuphakama kolwandle.
Izinhlobo ezilinganiselwe, izimfuneko ezikhethekile zendawo yokuhlala, noma amakhono okuhlunga alinganiselwe zibhekene nezingozi ezithile ezibangelwa ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Izinhlobo eziningi ze-Western Australia ziwela kulezi zigaba, okwenza ukujwayela isimo sezulu kube yinto ebaluleke kakhulu.
Izinqubo Zokulungisa
Izinqubo zokushintsha isimo sezulu ezisetshenziswayo ekulondolozeni izilwane zasendle zihlanganisa ukuvikela isimo sezulu esiphephile lapho isimo sezulu sishintsha() futhi kusungulwa amaphasishi asiza izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ukuba zishintshele kwezinye izimo ezishintshayo. Ukusetshenziswa kwamakoloni, ukufuduselwa kwamabomu kwezilwane ezindaweni ezingaphandle komlando lapho isimo sezulu sesikhathi esizayo singase sifaneleke khona, kumelela indlela exakile kodwa edingekayo kwezinye izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Ukunciphisa ezinye izinsongo, njengokulahlekelwa indawo yokuhlala nezinhlobo eziphazamisayo, kungandisa ukuvuselelwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu ngokugcina imiphakathi enempilo ikwazi kangcono ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezishintshayo. Ukulondoloza izakhi zofuzo ezihlukahlukene kuqinisekisa ukuthi inani labantu lilondoloza ukuhlukahluka okudingekayo ukuze inguquko ishintshele ezimweni ezintsha zendawo ezungezile.
Ukuhlolwa Nokucwaninga
Ukuqonda indlela ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu okuthinta ngayo izinhlobo zezilwane nezimiso zezinto eziphilayo kudinga ukuqashelwa isikhathi eside nokucwaninga. I-Australia yaseNtshonalanga ifaka imali ekuhloleni izinhlelo ezilandelela inqubo yenani labantu, ukusakazwa kwezinguquko, nokusabela kwendawo ezungezile ekuhlukahlukeni kwesimo sezulu. Lokhu kwaziswa kunikeza ulwazi lokulawula isimo, ukuvumela izindlela zokuzilondoloza zishintshele ekuqondeni ukuthi intuthuko noshintsho lwezimo.
Isayensi Yomphakathi Nezakhamuzi
Ukusekela Umphakathi
Impumelelo yokulondoloza imvelo idinga ukusekelwa nokwethenjiswa umphakathi. iNtshonalanga Australia isebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene okwakha ukuqapha komphakathi nokuhileleka ekulondolozweni kwezilwane zasendle, kuhlanganise nezinhlelo zemfundo, amathuba okuzithandela, kanye nezinyathelo zesayensi yezakhamuzi.
Izinhlelo zokuhlola umphakathi zisiza izisebenzi zokuzithandela ukuba zikwazi ukusekela ekulondolozweni kokwaziswa ngokuqoqa ukusakazwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane, ukuthambekela kwenani labantu, kanye nokusongelwa. Lezinhlelo azikhiqizi nje kuphela ukwaziswa okubalulekile kodwa futhi zakha ukuxhumana komphakathi ezindabeni zezilwane zasendle nezokulondolozwa kwemvelo.
Imfundo Nokuqaphela
Izinhlelo zemfundo yokulondoloza imvelo zihlasela izibukeli ezihlukahlukene, kusukela kubantwana besikole kuya kumazwe anezihambi. Le zinhlelo zihlose ukwandisa ukuqonda izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaseNtshonalanga Australia, usongo ezibhekene nalo, kanye nezenzo abantu abangazithatha ukuze basekele ukulondoloza imvelo.
Izindawo zokuhlola amapaki esizwe neziqiwi zinikeza izivakashi amathuba okufunda ngezilwane nemvelo yendawo.
Izinhlelo Zokuzithandela
Izinhlelo zokuzithandela zisiza amalungu omphakathi ukuba anikele ngokuqondile emisebenzini yokulondoloza imvelo. Izisebenzi zokuzithandela zisiza ngemisebenzi enjengokuvuleka kwezitshalo, ukulawula ukhula, ukugada izilwane zasendle, nokulawula izilwane ezizingelayo.
Ukucwaninga Nokuhlola
Ukucwaninga Kwesayensi Okusekela Ukulondolozwa Kwemvelo
Ukulondoloza imvelo okusekelwe ebufakazini kudinga ukucwaninga okuqinile kwesayensi ukuze kuqondwe isayensi yezinto eziphilayo nendawo yazo, kuhlolwe ukusongela, futhi kuhlolwe ukuphumelela kokuphathwa kwezindawo. iNtshonalanga Australia isekela ukucwaninga ngezinhlangano zikahulumeni, amayunivesithi, nezikhungo zokucwaninga, ihlola izihloko ezisukela ezintweni eziphilayo kuya ezimweni ezizungezile kuya ezindleleni zokulondoloza imvelo.
Izinto eziza kuqala ekucwaningeni zihlanganisa ukuqonda izimbangela zokuncipha kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ukuthuthukisa izindlela zokuzilawula eziphumelela ngokwengeziwe, ukuhlola izinsongo zezifo nokubikezela ukuthi isimo sezulu sishintsha.
Ukuhlolwa kohlelo oluthatha isikhathi eside
Ukuhlola isikhathi eside kunikeza ukwaziswa okubalulekile mayelana nokuthambekela kwenani labantu, ukushintsha kwezindawo, kanye nempilo yemvelo. Ukuhlola okungaguquguquki eminyakeni eminingi namashumi eminyaka kwenza ukuba kubonwe ushintsho olucashile, ukuhlola ukuphumelela kokuphatha, kanye nesixwayiso sasekuqaleni sokusongela okuvelayo.
Izinhlelo zokuhlola zisebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nokushaya ikhamera, ukuhlola umsindo, ukuhlola indlela yokuhamba nokwenza izimpawu zomsindo, kanye nokuhlola izakhi zofuzo.
Ukuqondisa Okuvumelana Nezimo
Ukulawula ukuhleleka kuchaza izenzo zokuzilondoloza njengendlela yokuhlola, ukuhlola imiphumela nokulungisa izindlela ezisekelwe emiphumeleni. Lendlela ivuma ukungaqiniseki ekulondolozweni kwemvelo futhi yenza ukuba ukwazi ukufunda kokubili ekuphumeleleni nasekuhlulekeni. Ukulawula ukuguquguquka kudinga izinjongo ezicacile, ukubhekisa iziqondiso ezihlelekile, nokuzimisela ukulungisa izindlela lapho ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi kudingeka ushintsho.
Ukubambisana Okungokomthetho Nokuphoqelelwa
Umsebenzi Wokuqondisa
Le mithetho ilawula imisebenzi yezitshalo nezilwane enqamula uHulumeni.
Isimiso sokulungisa imvelo senza ukuba kulawulelwe ukusetshenziswa kwezilwane zasendle ngenjongo yokucwaninga ngesayensi, imfundo, nemisebenzi yezentengiselwano kuyilapho siqinisekisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okunjalo akusongeli ukulondoloza izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Ukuphoqelelwa Nokuphikiswa
Umthetho wokulondoloza imvelo ophumelelayo udinga ukugcinwa kwamandla anele ukuze kuvinjelwe imisebenzi engekho emthethweni futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izikhulu zasendle zinegunya lokuhlola ukuphulwa kwemithetho, ukujeziswa kwecala elingathi sína nokumangalelwa. Okubalulekile kuhlanganisa ukuhweba ngezilwane zasendle okungekho emthethweni, ukususa indawo ehlala kuyo esongelwayo ngaphandle komthetho, nokulimaza ngamabomu izitshalo ezivikelwe.
Izinhlelo zokubambisana zihlanganisa ukugcinwa kwamalungelo nemfundo, zisiza abaphethe izindawo namabhizinisi ukuba baqonde izibopho zabo futhi banikeze ukusekela izimfuneko zokuqondisa ukuhlangabezana. Lendlela elinganiselwe ihloselwe ukufinyelela imiphumela yokulondoloza imvelo kuyilapho kugcinwa ubuhlobo obuhle nabaphethe.
Ukuxhasa Nemithombo
Ukutshala Imali Kuhulumeni
Isimiso sokulondolozwa kwemali sidinga ukulondolozwa okuqhubekayo kwezimali ekuqondiseni indawo evikelekile, izinhlelo zokulondoloza imvelo, ukucwaninga, nokugcinwa kwemithetho.
Ukusekela izinto eziza kuqala kubonisa izidingo zokulondoloza imvelo, imithombo eqondiswe ezinhlotsheni ezisengozini enkulu, esendaweni ezungezile enezinga eliphakeme, nezinhlelo ezibonisa ukuthi ziyasebenza. Nokho, ukulondolozwa kwemali ngokuvamile akuzitholi izidingo eziphawulekayo, okudinga ukuqashelwa nokusetshenziswa kwemithombo yempahla.
Ubudlelwane Nemithombo Echumayo
Ubudlelwane nezinhlangano ezingezona uhulumeni, izisekelo zokusizana, nezinhlangano ezizimele ezisezingxenyeni zisiza ekufakeni imali kahulumeni futhi zithuthukise amandla okulondoloza. Lokhu kubambisana kunganikeza ukuxhumana okuqhubekayo okusekela izimali, ubuchwepheshe, nomphakathi okuthuthukisa imiphumela yokulondoloza imvelo.
Izivumelwano zokulondolozwa kwezindawo nezinhlelo zobuphathi zihlanganisa abantu abanezikhungo zokulondolozwa kwezindawo, zivikela izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezweni langasese ngezivumelwano zokuzithandela. Le zinhlelo ziyaqaphela ukuthi eziningi zezinto eziphilayo zaseNtshonalanga Australia zingaphandle kwezindawo ezivikelwe, okwenza ukulondolozwa kwendawo kube okubalulekile ekuvikeleni izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Ukuhlangana Nemisebenzi Yesizwe Yokuvikela Izilwane
Ukuhlanganiswa Kwesizwe Esihlangene
Izilwane zasendle e-Australia zihlanganisa kokubili izifundazwe nezindawo ezihlangene, ezidinga ukubambisana ukuze kuqinisekiswe isivikelo esiphumelelayo. I-Mbiko Evikelayo ne-Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (I-EPC Act) inikeza isivikelo sombuso wezinga lezindawo ezizungezile, kuhlanganise nezilwane nezindawo ezisongelwayo kanye nendawo ezungezile.
Izinhlobo eziningi ze - Australia eseNtshonalanga ezisongelwayo zihlelwe futhi ngaphansi kwe - EPBC Act, okubangela izimfuneko zikahulumeni zokuhlola imisebenzi engase ithinte kakhulu lezi zinhlobo.
Ukuhlelwa Kokululama Kwesizwe
Kuzo zonke izinhlobo ezenzeka ezizweni eziningi, amasu okulondoloza amazwe ahlela imizamo yokulondoloza imvelo futhi aqinisekise ukusondela okungaguquguquki. I-Western Australia ifaka futhi isebenzise amasu okuvuselela amazwe kuyilapho futhi ithuthukisa amacebo kahulumeni acacile ezilwane ezenzeka emingceleni yayo kuphela.
Izinselele Neziyalezo Zesikhathi Esizayo
Ukusingatha Usongo Oluqhubekayo
Naphezu kwemizamo emikhulu yokuzilondoloza, izilwane zasendle zaseNtshonalanga Australia ziyaqhubeka zisongelwa kakhulu. Ukulahleka kwezindawo ngenxa yokugawulwa kwenhlabathi, ukwanda kwamadolobha, nokusetshenziswa kwezolimo kuseyinto ekhathaza kakhulu. Nakuba ukulawulwa kwezimiso kulinganisela ukususwa kwezinye izindawo, ukucindezela kokukhula okuqhubekayo, ikakhulukazi entshonalanga yentshonalanga yezilwane nezilwane, kusongela izindawo ezihlala abantu abacebe kakhulu.
Izinhlobo ezingcolisayo ziyaqhubeka zihlasela izilwane zasendle, futhi ukuhlasela okusha kwandisa izinkinga ezikhona. Ukusheshe kutholakale nezimiso zokusabela ezisheshayo kuhloselwe ukuvimbela ukusungulwa kwezilwane ezintsha ezizingelayo, kuyilapho izinhlelo eziqhubekayo zokulawula zilawula abantu abakhona.
Ukushintsha Kwezobuchwepheshe
Ubuchwepheshe obuxubile bunikeza amathuba amasha okulondolozwa kwezindawo ezikude. Ama-Drones enza ukuba ukuhlolwa okuphumelelayo kwezindawo ezikude nokuqashelwa kwezinhlobo zezakhi zofuzo ezinzima. Ubuchwepheshe bezakhi zofuzo, kuhlanganise ne-DNA ipointspion ne-genometic, kunikeze amathuluzi anamandla okuthola ukuba khona kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ukuhlola impilo yabantu, nokuqaphelisa izinhlelo zokuzala.
Ukuhlakanipha kokwenziwa kanye nomshini wokufunda kuthuthukisa ikhono lokuhlola ukwaziswa, ukwenza ukuba kusetshenziswe imishini yokuhlola izithombe zomfantu, ukuqopha izintambo zomsindo, kanye nemifanekiso yeziphuphutheki. Lobu buchwepheshe bungandisa izinhlelo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu futhi buvule ukuhlaziywa kwemitapo emikhulu kakhulu ukuba isetshenziswe ngezandla.
Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okuvamile
I-Biodiversity Conservation Act ibukezwa manje. Lokhu kuhlola kunikeza ithuba lokuhlola ukuphumelela komthetho nokuthuthukisa. Ukuhlola kwe-Cakerever, ukufakwa kwesayensi, nokuhlola okuhlangenwe nakho kokusetshenziswa kwemishini kuzakuveza ukulungisa okungase kuqinise ukuvikela izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Iziqondiso zesimiso sesikhathi esizayo zingahlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa okunamandla kokucatshangelwa kokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukuthuthukisa ukuhlanganiswa kwezindawo, ukuthuthukisa izimiso zokulondoloza indawo, nezinqubo zokusongela eziphumelela kakhulu. Ukulinganisela izinhloso zokulondolozwa kwezomnotho nezidingo zomphakathi kulokhu kuyinselele eqhubekayo edinga ukuthuthukiswa kwezimiso ezicatshangelwe.
Ukwakha Ukululama
Amasu okuzilondoloza esikhathini esizayo kumelwe aqinise kokubili izinhlobo nemvelo ukuze kumelane nokucindezela okukhulayo kwendawo ezungezile.
Izindlela ezisekelwe ekuvikeleni izinqubo zobudlelwano nobudlelwane, kunokuba zigxile kuphela ezinhlotsheni zomzimba, zingaletha izinzuzo ezibanzi zokulondoloza futhi zakhe isimiso sokuzinzile. Ukuvikela imvelo elondolozweyo kuvimbela izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ukuba zingasongelwa ekuqaleni, kumelela icebo eliphumelela kakhulu lokuzilondoloza kunokuzama ukubuyisela izinhlobo zezilwane ngemva kokuwohloka okukhulu.
Izindaba Nethemba Lesikhathi Esizayo
Imisebenzi Yokulondolozwa Kwemvelo
Naphezu kwezinselele eziqhubekayo, iNtshonalanga Australia iye yaphumelela kakhulu. Izinhlobo eziningana ziye zahlelwa ezinhlotsheni zosongo oluphakeme ngemva kwemizamo ephumelelayo yokuthuthukisa. Izinhlelo zokuthutha ziye zasungula izibalo ezintsha zezinhlobo ezisongelwayo, zandisa isilinganiso sazo futhi zanciphisa izingozi zokuqothulwa.
Ukwanda kwesimiso sezokuvikela kuye kwaletha izindawo zokuhlala ezibucayi, kuyilapho ukunakekelwa okuthuthukisiwe kwezindawo ezikhona kuye kwathuthukisa ukubaluleka kwazo kokulondoloza imvelo. Ukubophezela komphakathi ekulondolozweni kwemvelo kuye kwakhula, njengoba inani elandayo lezisebenzi zokuzithandela, ososayensi bezakhamuzi, kanye nabantu abaphethe izindawo zokuhlala benezela ekuvikelweni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Izifundo Ezifundiwe
Amashumi eminyaka okuhlangenwe nakho kokulondoloza imvelo kuye kwaveza izifundo ezibalulekile. Ukungenela kwakuqala kuphumelela kakhulu futhi kubiza kakhulu kunokuzama ukubuyisa izinhlobo zezilwane ngemva kokuwohloka okukhulu. Isibopho esiqinile nokusekela imali isikhathi eside kubalulekile, ngoba imiphumela yokulondolozwa kwemvelo idinga iminyaka noma amashumi eminyaka ukuze ifezeke. Ukwenziwa kwezinhlangano, imiphakathi, nabagcini-mathikithi kuthuthukisa ukuphumelela kokulondoloza futhi kwakhe ukusekela okukhulu.
Ukulawula ukuvumelana nezimiso kusiza ukuba sifunde kokuhlangenwe nakho nasemasubeni athuthukisiwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lwesiko lwesayensi yamanje kungathuthukisa imiphumela yokulondoloza imvelo kuyilapho kuhlonipha izindinganiso namalungelo.
Bheka Phambili
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo eziyingqayizivele zaseNtshonalanga Australia zimelela ifa lemvelo elingenakuthathelwa indawo ngokubaluleka kwembulunga yonke. Ukuvikela lelifa kudinga isibopho esiqinile, imithombo eyanele, nokuthuthukisa okuqhubekayo ezindleleni zokulondolozwa. Uhlelo lwezimiso ezibanzi zikahulumeni, ulwelwelwe lwezindawo oluvikelekile, nezinhlelo ezinikezelwe zokulondolozwa kwemvelo zinikeza isisekelo esiqinile sesivikelo sezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Nokho, ukwanda kokusongela okubangelwa ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala, nokusetshenziswa kwezilwane ezihlala kuyo kudinga imizamo ekhuphukayo nezindlela ezintsha. Ukwakha ngempumelelo yangaphambili lapho kuxoxwa ngezinselele eziqhamukayo kuyodingeka ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izilwane zasendle ezingavamile zaseNtshonalanga Australia ziyaqhubeka zihlala izizukulwane ezizayo.
Ukuhlanganiswa kolwazi nokuphathwa kwezindawo, ukusungulwa kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuthembisana komphakathi, nenqubo yobufakazi kunikeza izindlela zokulondolozwa kwemvelo ephumelela kakhulu. Ngokuqhubeka nokuvumelanisa nokuqinisa izimiso zokulondoloza imvelo nezinhlelo, i-Western Australia ingalondoloza isikhundla sayo njengomholi wembulunga yonke ekuvikeleni izinhlobonhlobo zezilwane nezimiso zemvelo futhi iqinisekise ukusinda kwefa layo eliyingqayizivele.
Imithombo Yezinto Nemininingwane Engeziwe
Kulabo abanesithakazelo sokufunda okwengeziwe ngemizamo yokulondoloza izilwane zasendle yaseNtshonalanga Australia noma ukuhileleka emisebenzini yokulondoloza imvelo, kunemithombo eminingi. I- Indawo ye-biodiversity, i- Conservation and Applys yewebhusayithi] inikeza ukwaziswa okubanzi ngezindawo ezisongelwayo, izinhlelo zokulondolozwa kwezilwane, nezokulondolozwa kwezilwane.
I-Australian’s Department of Climate Change, Eyester, i-Mervidual , i- inikeza ukwaziswa mayelana nezinhlobo ezisongelwayo nezinhlelo zeCommonwealth. Izinhlangano zokulondolozwa kwemvelo ezinjenge i-Nature Conservancy Australia[[[FL:3]] inikeza amathuba okuhileleka nokusekela izakhiwo zokulondoloza imvelo.
Izinhlangano zemfundo, kuhlanganise ne-Western Australian Museum, zinikeza imithombo yokufunda ngezinselele zezinhlobonhlobo ze-oral nezokulondolozwa kwezindawo. Ukuvakashela amapaki nezindawo zokuhlala kunikeza amathuba okubona izilwane zasendle eziyingqayizivele zaseNtshonalanga Australia mathupha kuyilapho zisekela ukulondolozwa kwezindawo ngemali yepaki nangezokuvakasha.
Ngokuhlala benolwazi, besekela izinyathelo zokulondolozwa kwemvelo, futhi benza ukukhetha okuqondisiwe kwendawo ezungezile, abantu bangasiza ekuvikeleni ifa lemvelo elingavamile leNtshonalanga Australia. Ikusasa lezilwane zasendle eziyingqayizivele zikahulumeni lixhomeke ekuthatheni isinyathelo sobunye nasekuzibophezeleni okuqhubekayo ekulondolozweni kohulumeni, imiphakathi, nabantu ngokufanayo.