Okwenza Ukukhishwa Kokwaziswa Kubangele Izindaba Manje Kunanini ngaphambili

Enkathini lapho ukwaziswa okungamanga kusakazeka ngokushesha kunamaqiniso aqinisekisiwe, ikhono lokuhlola imithombo yokwaziswa liye laba ikhono elichazayo lezakhamuzi ezinolwazi. Izindawo zemishini zigcwele ukwaziswa okuvela ezindaweni zokukhipha imibiko, abathonyela imithombo yezindaba, omagazini bezemfundo, kanye namabhukwana angaziwa, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuhlukanisa ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa nenkulumo - ze, umbono, noma amanga aqondile. Lesiqondiso esinwetshiwe sinikeza uhlelo oluphelele lokuhlola imithombo yokwaziswa, ukuhlobisa abafundi, abafundisi, nabafundi abakwaziyo ukuphila konke ukuba baqondise ulwazi ngethemba.

Izinsika Ezintathu Zemithombo Yolwazi

Ukuze uhlaziye noma imuphi umthombo ngokuphumelelayo, kumelwe uqale uqonde indlela oyisisekelo ngayo. imithombo yolwazi ihlelwe ngezigaba ezintathu, ngayinye inendima ehlukile eketabeni lolwazi.

Imithombo Eyinhloko: Iqoqo Eliluhlaza Lolwazi

Imithombo yokuqala inikeza ubufakazi obuqondile, obuzinikezile obuphathelene nesenzakalo, ukutholwa, noma isenzakalo. Abanye abawachazi futhi abawaxhumanisi. Izibonelo zihlanganisa amaphepha okucwaninga okuqala, amarekhodi enkantolo, izinkulumo, izingxoxo, amadiary, izithombe, nemininingwane engaphelele. Uma uthola umthombo oyinhloko, ukhuluma ngenguquko ethembekile kakhulu yokwaziswa okukhona. Nokho, imithombo eyinhloko ingaqhubeka inalo ubandlululo, amaphutha, noma umongo ongaphelele, ngakho idinga ukuhlolisiswa ngokucophelela.

Imithombo ka-Sepreadsheet: Izincazelo nokuhlola

Imithombo yamuva ihlaziya, ichaza, noma i-octal mithombo eyinhloko. Ifaka umbono, ukukhulumela, noma umongo. Imithombo yamuva ejwayelekile ihlanganisa izincwadi, izihloko zezindaba, amabhukwana, ama-biography, kanye nokubukeza izincwadi. Nakuba imithombo yamuva ingenza izihloko eziyinkimbinkimbi zitholakale, futhi iveza umbono wombhali kanye nokushintshashintsha okungase kwenzeke. Imithombo yamuva isho ukuhlola ukuthi zimelela kanjani izinto eziyinhloko ngokuthembeka.

Imithombo Eyisisekelo: Izinhlangano Eziwusizo

Imithombo edlulisayo ihlanganisa futhi ifingqa ukwaziswa okuvela emithonjeni eyinhloko neyamuva. Izincwadi, ama-almanac, izincwadi zeqiniso, kanye nezinhlelo ezihlelwayo zehlela kulengxenye. Ziwusizo ekubhekiseni ngokushesha kodwa azivamile ukunikeza ukuhlaziywa okujulile. Ngoba imithombo ecacile izinyathelo eziningana ezisuswe ebufakazini bokuqala, zithambekele kakhulu ekusebenziseni ngokweqile noma emaqinisweni aphelelwe isikhathi. Ngaso sonke isikhathi ziqinisekisa izihluthulelo ezisemthonseni emithonjeni eyinhloko noma ephakeme kakhulu.

Ukunquma Ukuhlola: Uvivinyo Lwe - CRAAP Nangalé Kwalo

Ukuhlolwa kwe-CRAAP okusetshenziswa kakhulu (ICRAP, i-Relevance, i-Authority, i-Lixacy, injongo) kunikeza isiqalo esiqinile sokuhlola imithombo. Kodwa ukuba umfowenu udinga indlela ecacile. Ngezansi uhlelo olukhudlwana lwezindinganiso oludlula kude kakhulu kweziyisisekelo.

1. Igunya Nobuqambi Bobugunya

Ubani owadala okuqukethwe futhi yini ebanikeza ithemba lokukhuluma ngalendaba? Bheka amaphuzu afanele anjengemfundo, iziqu zobuchwepheshe, ulwazi olufanele, noma umlando womsebenzi othembekile. Qaphela imithombo engaziwa noma ukwaziswa lapho isizinda sombhali singenakuqinisekiswa khona. Kwezesayensi noma kwezobuchwepheshe, hlola ukuthi umlobi unyathelise kumaphephandabeni abukelwe ontanga yini. Ezezindaba, cabangela idumela lentathe yomlobeli wezindaba nezindinganiso zomhleli wencwadi.

2. Ukusebenzisa Imali Nesikhathi

Iyiphi indlela ukwaziswa okusakazwe ngayo noma okushintshwe ngayo kudala? Eminye imikhakha, njengemikhakha, ezobuchwepheshe, nomthetho, ishintsha ngokushesha, yenza imithombo yakudala ibe yingozi uma ingasetshenziswa ngokugxeka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imisebenzi eyisisekelo emlandweni noma kuyifilosofi ingahlala isebenza amashumi eminyaka. Ngaso sonke isikhathi hlola usuku lokunyatheliswa kwezincwadi, umlando obukeziwe, nokuthi izenzakalo zamuva noma ukucwaninga kwamuva.

3. Umshicileli noma i - platform

Cabangela inhlangano esakaza okuqukethwe. Ingabe iyinhlangano yezemfundo eyaziwayo, inxusa likahulumeni, noma inhlangano yezindaba enkulu enezimiso zokuziphatha? Noma ingabe iyindawo eshicilelwe ngokwayo, indawo engenakho ukuqondisa komhleli, noma indawo yenzuzo etholakala ezindaweni ezishubile? Ngisho nabamemezeli abathembekile bangaba nobandlululo, kodwa bathambekele kakhulu ekunamatheleni ezindinganisweni eziqondile. Sebenzisa imithombo enjenge-Media Bias/Fact ihlola i-Arch[

4. Ubufakazi Nemicaphuno

Isisekelo esithembekile semithombo ethembekile sisekelwe ekutheni isho ukuthini ebufakazini obuqinisekile. Bheka imibhalo yaphansi, izikhombo, imithombo yokwaziswa, noma izixhumaniso zokucwaninga kwasekuqaleni. Uma umthombo uveza izinkulumo eziphelele ngaphandle kokusekela imishwana noma ukuxhumana nemininingwane eyisisekelo, ziphathe ngokusola.

5. Injongo Ne - bias

Wonke umthombo unenjongo: ukutshela, ukuthonya, ukuthokozisa, ukudayisa, noma ukusekela. Qaphela ukuthi ubandlululo alulona olubi ngokwemvelo − isihloko sezazi eziphikisa umbono othile oqondile uphambene nalombono. Inkinga ivela lapho ubandlululo luzenza yiqiniso. Hlola iphimbo, ulimi, nokuqamba. Ingabe umthombo usebenzisa amagama adidekile ngokomzwelo? Ingabe uveza izici eziningi zempikiswano ngendlela engafanele?

Ukuzimela Nokulinganisela

Bheka izimpawu zokuthi umthombo uzama ukuba nobulungisa. Ingabe iyazivuma izimpikiswano? Ingabe ihlukanisa phakathi kweqiniso nencazelo? Imisuka enikeza umbono owodwa, abaphikisi ngokwabo, noma ithembele kumaphutha anengqondo angethembeki. Imithombo yezemfundo neyomnyuziyama ilwela ukufihla izihloko ezithile, nakuba zingafinyela. Sebenzisa i- Snopes[ ne- FactC. org uqinisekisa iziphakamiso eziqondile nokuhlola.

Umklamo Nokunikezwa

Nakuba kungesona isikhombi esiphelele, izinga lomthombo elingabonisa ukuthembeka kwawo. Ikhono lobuchwepheshe, imicabango ecacile, ukuchayeka okusebenzayo, nohlelo lolimi olufanele lusikisela ukunakekelwa komhleli. Amaphutha ohluzo, izikhangiso ezidlulele, izihloko zezindaba ezikhangisayo, kanye nokuxhumana okuphukile ngokuvamile kuhambisana nokulingana nokulingana nokuphuma kwezindaba ezisemthethweni (Thompos in URLs, izigqebhezana ezifanayo) njengoba ngokuvamile kudalelwa ukusakaza i-diction.

Ukuthunyelwa Komsebenzi Owusizo

Ukukhipha umthombo akudingeki kube ukuthatha isikhathi. Sebenzisa lo msebenzi othatha inyathelo ukuze uhlole noma iluphi ulwazi ngokuhleleka.

  1. [[I-FLT:0] ichaza uhlobo lwemvelaphi[ - Ingabe iyinhloko, iseceleni, noma i-tertiary? Lokhu kubeka amathemba okujula nokwethembeka.
  2. Sekela i URL kanye nencwadi umongo - Ingabe indawo ilingana nommemezeli obizwayo? Sebenzisa ithuluzi elifana u-Whosts ukufuna[ ukubona ukuthi ngubani obhalise indawo uma kudingekile.
  3. I-screentific yomlobi - Uma kungekho mlobi obizwa ngegama, phatha umthombo ngokuqapha ngaphandle kokuba yincwadi eyaziwayo.
  4. Thola usuku [ - Uma kungekho usuku, cabanga ukuthi lungaphelelwa isikhathi noma alusebenzi.
  5. [[IFLT:0] Funda izigaba ezimbalwa zokuqala bese ubheka imikhomo [[[QL:1] - Ingabe umthombo usho ukuthi ukwaziswa kwawo kuvelaphi? Landela okungenani umxhumanisi owodwa okhonjiwe ukuze uqinisekise.
  6. Qhathanisa neminye imithombo [ - Funa okungenani eminye imithombo emibili ezimele, ethembekile eqinisekisa amaqiniso afanayo. Uma ukusho kuvela endaweni eyodwa engaqondakali, kungenzeka ukuthi kungamanga.
  7. ihlola injongo [ - Isethi sizama ukukuthengisela okuthile, ukusunduza uhlelo lwezombangazwe, noma ukuqoqa ukwaziswa komuntu siqu? Qaphela noma yiziphi izingcingo ezithatha isinyathelo ezingase zibonise isisusa esifihliwe.
  8. Sebenzisa izinkonzo zokuhlola iqiniso - Uma umthombo wenza impikiswano, yisebenzise phakathi kwe Snopees, FactCheck.org, noma PolitiFct.

Izihibe Ezivamile Nendlela Yokuzigwema

Nakhu amaphutha namasu avame kakhulu okuwagwema.

Ukuqinisekisa I - Bias

Abantu bathambekele ekwamukeleni ukwaziswa okuvumelana nezinkolelo zabo ezikhona futhi balahle ubufakazi obuphikisana nazo. Ukuze bamelane nalokhu, funa ngamabomu imithombo ephikisa umbono wakho. Funda amaphuzu abaphikisi abaqotho bese uzibuza ukuthi buyini ubufakazi obungashintsha ingqondo yakho.

Ukuthembela Ngokweqile Emthonjeni Owodwa

Ukuthembela emthonjeni owodwa wokwaziswa okugxekayo kuyingozi. Ngisho nomthombo ongcono kakhulu ungaqukethe amaphutha noma izinto eziphumile.

Ukuchaza Ukuxabana Ngokungeyikho Njengendawo Yokuhlalisana

Imithombo eminingi isho ngokuphambene ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi izenzakalo ezimbili zenzeka ndawonye, enye ibangela enye. Ungakukholelwa lokho okushiwoyo, ikakhulukazi ezindabeni ezishukumisiwe noma ezithathwe izibalo. Bheka imithombo exoxa ngezinye izincazelo, ukuxakeka, nokuhlelwa kokufunda okunzima. Isihloko esineziphetho ezingcono sizokhuluma ngemingcele yezifundo zokuthathelana.

Umthombo Wokufundisa Wokuhlola Ekilasini

Othisha banendima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukufunda ukwaziswa okugxekayo. Ukuhlola imvelaphi akufanele kube isifundo sesikhathi esisodwa kodwa inqubo eqhubekayo ehlanganiswa phakathi kwezifundo. Ngezansi amasu asebenzayo othisha.

Ukuqhathanisa Umthombo Oxhumanisayo

Nikeza abafundi izihloko ezimbili ngesenzakalo esifanayo .sona esivela ephepheni elidumile lezindaba nesinye esivela e-partum noma e-pad. Basebenzise ngamaqembu ukusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-CRAAP futhi baphawule ukungafani kolimi, ubufakazi, nokufushaniswa kwemikhondo. Xoxani ukuthi kungani amaqiniso afanayo enganikezwa ngendlela ehlukile. Lokhu kulola ikhono labafundi lokubona ubandlululo nokuxhaphaza.

Amadokotela Acwebezelayo Angokoqobo

Sebenzisa izindaba zamuva futhi ucele abafundi ukuba bachithe imizuzu engu-15 beqinisekisa ukuthi kuyiqiniso eliqondile ngokusebenzisa amawebhusayithi ahlola amaqiniso nemithombo eyisisekelo. Kumelwe badlulisele lokho abakutholile ekilasini, bacaphuna amathuluzi nezimiso abazisebenzisayo. Lokhu kwakha amakhono asebenzayo athathela ngokuqondile ekuphileni kwansuku zonke.

Ukuphawula Indalo Ngokunemba

Ifuna ukuba abafundi baziklamele imithombo yabo yokuhlola izihloko ezithile ze-'Ay' ezihlolwayo'. Izindaba zezempilo, ukubika kwezombangazwe, izikhangiso zesayensi). Bangahlanganisa izigaba ezifana "zobuchwepheshe," "imithombo ehlanganisayo," "izimo zokubukeza,"" ne"Ukungavumelani nokuvumelana" ngokudala ithuluzi, bafaka izibalo ezijulile.

Izikhathi Zobungcweti Eziyizihambi

Mema umgcini-layibhuli, umlobeli wezindaba, noma umhloli wamaqiniso ukuba akhulume ngezindlela zabo zokuhlukanisa ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa nokungathembeki. Odokotela bezwe langempela banganikeza ubuqiniso futhi bashukumisele abafundi ukuba bathathe i-spectry ngokungathi sína. Amayunivesithi amaningi nemitapo yomphakathi kunikeza amashabhu ehholo elikhululekile lokufunda imithombo.

Amathuluzi ezibalo okuhlola umthombo wesikhala somfula

Ubuchwepheshe bungasheshisa inqubo yokuhlola. Nakuba lingekho ithuluzi elingaphutha, lemithombo ikusiza ukuba uqoqe ukwaziswa okungokomlando emthonjeni.

  • Isazi seGoogle - Iziphetho zifuna imiphumela yemfundo, imithombo ebonwa ontanga, wonga isikhathi lapho ucwaninga izihloko zezazi.
  • FactCkeck.org - Iprojekthi engahlanganisiwe ehlola ukunemba okuyiqiniso kwamazwi ezombangazwe nemithombo yezindaba yase-U.S.
  • Izinhlayiya - Isekhodi esidala nesinemininingwane emikhulu, esihlanganisa izinganekwane zasedolobheni, amahemuhemu e-inthanethi, kanye nokwaziswa okunganembile kwezombangazwe.
  • [[UMTH:0] I-Politifact - Ilinganisela ukunemba kwezicelo zezikhulu ezikhethiwe namaqembu ezombangazwe asebenzisa iQiniso-O-Meter.
  • Imedia Bias/Fact Sekethi ye-[[FFC:1] - Isilinganiso sezinkulungwane zemithombo yezindaba yobandlululo nombiko oyiqiniso.
  • [[I-FLT:0] Ama-checker okudlulisa isikhala [ - I-easybib no-Canior Machine kungakusiza ukuba uqinisekise amafomethi okudlulisa kanye nezikhombi zefulegi ezingaphelele.
  • buyisela ukuhlola kwesithombe [ - Sebenzisa izithombe ze-Google noma ze-Tineye ukuhlola ukuthi isithombe sishintshiwe noma sikhishwe ngaphandle komongo.

Ukuhlola Izenzakalo: Ukusebenzisa Isakhelo

Le nkolelo - mbono iba sobala uma isetshenziswa ezimweni ezingokoqobo zezwe. Ngezansi kunezimo ezimbili ezivamile lapho imithombo idingeka khona.

Ulwazi Lwempilo: Umbiko Wentshongo

Uthola ibhodi le-Web site ethi umjovo osetshenziswa kakhulu ubangela imiphumela emide eyingozi uhulumeni ayifihle. Umlobi ungu "umsekeli wezempilo engokwemvelo" ongenawo amadegree ezokwelapha. Iposi likhomba ukuhlola okubili, kodwa amanyunyana aholela kudala, awehlayo amaphepha akhishwa emaphephabhukwini alwa namagciwane. Le ndawo iveza izikhangiso zokwelapha okungasetshenziswa. Ukusebenzisa izimiso: igunya liphansi, ubufakazi bubuthakathaka futhi buphelelwe isikhathi, injongo ibonakala ingeyohwebo yezentengiselwano nemibono. Ukuhlola okusheshayo kwe-Snopes kubonisa ukuthi i-Spes kukhaziswe yizinhlangano eziningi zezempilo.

Umbiko Wezindaba: Inselele Yezombangazwe

I-tractet evela ekulandiseni okusanda kudalwa ithi isazi sezombangazwe esivelele senze ubugebengu. I-tweet ihlanganisa isithombe sobuso sezithombe esibonakala siyindawo ethembekile. Uma usebenzisa ukuphenya isithombe, uthola isithombe sesithombe silungiswe kahle − isihloko sokuqala sasho okuthile okuhlukile. Indaba eyafaka i-tweet inomlando wokusakaza ama-memes. Abahloli bezindaba bembula udaba. Ngisho noma lokho okushiwo kuvumelana nokuthambekela kwakho kwezombangazwe, izimpawu zokuhlola kubonisa ukuthi ayithembekile. Uyakugwema ukuxoxa ngayo.

Ukwakha Ukuba Izakhamuzi Ezinolwazi Olungapheli

Ukukhipha imithombo yokwaziswa akuwona nje umsebenzi wemfundo; kuwumsebenzi womphakathi. Embusweni wentando yeningi, izakhamuzi kumelwe zenze izinqumo ezisekelwe ekwazisweni okuqondile mayelana nokuthi ubani ozovotela, iziphi izinqubo okufanele azisekele, nokuthi zingasabela kanjani ezinkingeni zempilo zomphakathi. Uma izingxenye ezinkulu zomphakathi zincika emithonjeni engathembekile, izinga lenkulumo yeningi, nokuthemba ezikhungweni kuyawohloka. Ngokuhlola, umuntu ngamunye unezela emphakathini oqinile nosekelwe emaqinisweni.

Amakhono achazwe kulesiqondiso awekho engokwemvelo, okumelwe afundiswe, asetshenziswe, futhi acwengisiswe. Qala: hlola isihloko esisodwa sezindaba ngosuku usebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-CRAAP. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lomkhuba uba ngumuntu ohlukile. Sikhuthaza abangane, umkhaya, kanye nabafundi ukuba benze okufanayo. Singakha isiko elibonisa ukuthi imizwelo neqiniso akuyona into elula.

Ukuze ufunde ngokuqhubekayo ngokwaziswa nokungaqondi kolwazi nemithombo yezindaba, iNhlangano yeMelika ehlola iziqondiso [ inikeza iziqondiso zobuchwepheshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-CHOPUCON Online Reasoning comment compress [[[FL:3] inikeza amasu ezifundo ezikhululekile kubafundisi. Le micebo ingakusiza ukuba ujulise ukuqonda kwakho futhi uhlanganyele imikhuba ephumelelayo nabanye.