Ohulumeni bakhonza njengesikhulu esiyinhloko sesimo sabo, abanomthwalo wemfanelo wokumisa imithetho kahulumeni, ukuphatha uhlelo lwemali kahulumeni, futhi bayale i-National Guard. Njalo eminyakeni emine ezifundazweni eziningi (ababusi abambalwa abakhethiwe njalo eminyakeni emibili), abavotelayo abaholi abazokhetha ukuthi ubani ozohola umbuso wabo enkathini elandelayo. Ukuqonda inqubo egcwele ("ukusukela ekukhetheni okuyinhloko kuya ekubaleni kokugcina kwababeleki--colorbat @ izakhamuzi zicela ukuba zibe nengxenye elwazini kulesigaba esibucayi sentando yeningi.

Umjikelezo Wendlela Yokukhetha I - gbernator

Nakuba izigaba eziningi zenza ukhetho lwe-gubernator ngeminyaka enombolo kanye nokhetho lwamapresidente noma phakathi kwe-interter contact, ezinye zihlela iminyaka engavamile. Lokhu kunyakalazekile kusho ukuthi cishe unyaka ngamunye uhulumeni othile ukhetha umbusi. Ngokwesibonelo, amazwe eshumi elinesine aba nokhetho: iDelaware, i-Indiana, iMissouria, i-Montana, i-New Hampshire, iNorth Dakota, i-Utal, i-Weremont, i-Washington, i-Washington, neNtshona Virginia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasimu amabili . . . . . . . . . . .C.554,C.S Samoam ne-R Rico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ukuhlelwa kokhetho lukahulumeni kungathinta kakhulu umvoti nomkhankaso onamandla. Ukuvota okwenziwa eminyakeni yobumongameli kuvame ukubonakala kuphakeme ngenxa yokuthi abavoti kakade bashukunyiswa umjaho wobumongameli. Ngokuphambene, imijaho ye-gaberneria ephumayo eminyakeni emide noma iminyaka eyinqaba ingadonsa ukunakekela okuncane, kodwa ukuvota ngakunye kunezinga eliphezulu kakhulu emzamweni womuntu ngamunye. Ukuqonda lomjikelezo kusiza izakhamuzi ukuba zilindele ukuthi ithuba lazo elilandelayo lokuvota umbusi liyokwenzeka nini.

Eyokuqala: Imibono Eyinhloko

Ngaphambi kokhetho oluvamile, iqembu ngalinye elikhulu lezombangazwe linendawo eyinhloko yokukhetha isikhulu sayo. Izindawo zobugebengu zivala umkhakha wabazobhapathizwa phakathi kweqembu, ziqinisekisa ukuthi oyedwa kuphela ongenelayo eqenjini ngalinye uqhubekela ekukhetheni. Nokho, imithetho elawula iziqu iyahlukahluka kakhulu ngokombuso.

Izinhlamvu Zemali Ezivalekile

Uma kuvinjelwe isisekelo, abavoti kuphela abangamalungu abhalisiwe eqembu elithile lezombangazwe abangavota engxenyeni eyinhloko yaleloqembu. Lesimiso sivimbela amalungu aphikisanayo ukuba “anqamule” ukuze athonye ukukhethwa kwelinye iqembu. Amazwe angaba ngu-15 asebenzisa amaprigrim avalekile emijahweni ye-gubernator, kuhlanganise ne-New York, iFlorida, ne-Kentucky.

Ukuvula Imisebenzi

Izindawo ezivulekile zivumela noma imuphi umvoti obhaliwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungowayiphi ingxenye, ukuba ahlanganyele eqenjini eliyinhloko leqembu elilodwa, kodwa oyedwa kuphela. Abaqondisi kumelwe bamemezele obala ukuthi yimuphi umkhakha weqembu abafisa ukuwuthola. Ezizweni ezingamashumi amabili nanye zisebenzisa lomfanekiso, kuhlanganise neMichigan, iGeorgia, neTexas. Abagxeki baphikisa ngokuthi ukuvula kweqembu elithile kungaholela ekuvotelweni ngokusemthethweni, lapho abasekeli beqembu elithile bezama ukuveza isigaba esingcono kakhulu kweqembu eliphikisayo.

Iziribhi eziphezulu-mbili nangaphezulu

Izifundazwe eziningana, eziphawuleka kakhulu eCalifornia, eWashington, nase Alaska, zisebenzisa isimiso esihlukile: isigaba esiphezulu esibili noma esiphezulu-ne. Kulesi sibonelo, bonke abazobhapathizwa kuzo zonke izigaba bavela eqenjini eliyinhloko elilodwa. Izimo ezimbili ezingaphezulu (noma ezine eziphezulu e-Alaska) ziqhubekela phambili kukhetho oluvamile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bahlanganyela eqenjini elilodwa. Lokhu kungaphumela ekubeni ababili abazocela ukubhapathizwa ababhekene nokhetho oluvamile, okunciphisa ithonya lesithathu kodwa futhi kukhuthaze amapulatifomu asesilinganisweni.

Okhetho oluyinhloko ngokuvamile luyizindaba ezilula, okusho abashisekeli beqembu abazinikezele namaqembu enzalo ahleliwe angawuthonya ngokungenakuqhathaniswa umphumela. Imikhankaso kambusi ngokuvamile iqala esikhathini esingaphezu konyaka ngaphambi kwesesiyinhloko, njengoba abazofuna ukubizwa kwegama futhi beqongelela imali.

Isiteji Sesibili: Umkhankaso Ovamile Wokuvota

Lapho nje kukhethwa abanyunyana, umkhankaso wokukhetha uqala ngentshiseko. Imikhankaso ye-gubernator iyabiza, nezindleko zifinyelela emakhulwini ezigidi zamaRandi emazweni amakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, umbusi waseCalifornia ongamashumi amabili222 okhumbulayo wabona ukukhokhwa kwemali edlula izigidi ezingu-R2,000. Amakhandide aphakamisa imali kubantu ngabanye abanikelayo, amaqembu ezombangazwe, namakomiti ezombangazwe (amaPAC). Ezinye izifundazwe zinezinketho zezentengo ezisekela umphakathi ezihambelana neminikelo emincane kahulumeni.

Imisebenzi yomkhankaso ihlanganisa:

  • Izikhangiso ze-media: Ithelevishini, umsakazo, izinombolo, kanye nezikhangiso zeposi eziqondile ziyizindlela eziyinhloko abavoti abafika ngazo. Izikhangiso ezigxekayo zivamile, ikakhulukazi emijahweni yokuncintisana.
  • [ izinkulumo-mpikiswano ezicushiwe zeteksi zivumela abavoti ukuba baqhathanise ngokuqondile abavoti ezindabeni ezinjengemfundo, ukunakekelwa kwempilo, izisekelo zemisebenzi, kanye nomnotho.
  • umdlalo ojikelezayo: uku-salusha umnyango ukuya endlini, ukubhalisa ucingo, kanye nemizamo yokuphuma ngaphandle kwe-volute ibalulekile ekubuyiseleni abasekeli.
  • [ Izezindaba ezisemthethweni: Izinhlelo ezinjenge X, Facebook, ne-Instagram zisetshenziselwa ukuqoqa, ukuthatha ngokushesha, nokuvota abasebasha.

Inkathi yomkhankaso ithatha cishe kusukela ngoJune kuya ekuqaleni kukaNovember, kodwa kwezinye izifunda zingathatha isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. Amakhampasi kumelwe asebenzise imithetho kahulumeni yezezimali, ahlele isikhathi esimisiwe, kanye nezimfuneko zokudalula. IKhomishale ye-Ecompution inikeza iziqondiso zeminikelo kahulumeni, kodwa imithetho yezinga eliphansi ibekwa yibhodi ngalinye lokhetho noma unobhala-zwe.

Isigaba Sesithathu: Ukukhethwa Okuvamile

Ukhetho oluvamile lukambusi luqhutshwa ngoLwesibili lokuqala ngemva koMsombuluko wokuqala ngoNovember, oluvame ukuhlanganiswa neminye izinhlanga zikahulumeni nohulumeni. Ezizweni eziningi, ovota abaningi (amavoti amaningi, hhayi iningi) unqoba ukhetho. Nokho, amazwe ambalwa adinga iningi; uma kungekho mvoti ofinyelela ku-50% kanye nowodwa, ukuvota kunqunywa kunqunywa ngokhetho olubalekayo noma, kwezinye izimo, ngesikhulu sikahulumeni.

Ngokwesibonelo, iLouisiana isebenzisa “isimiso esiyinhloko” lapho bonke abazobhapathizwa bevela khona ngoNovember. Uma kungekho muntu owamukela izingqwembe ezingaphezu kuka-50%, ababili abaphezulu baqhubekela phambili ekudubuleni ngoDecember. iGeorgia ngokufanayo ithatha ijubane uma kungekho mbhanqwana ofinyelelayo. U-Runoff uthambekele ekuboneni ngisho nokuncipha, enze ukuvota ngakunye kube yigugu ngisho nakakhulu.

Ukuziqabula ngokwako kungenziwa ngezindlela eziningana:

  • I-in-person ngosuku lokhetho:[ Indlela engokwesiko, enezindawo zokuvota zivuliwe kusukela ekuseni kakhulu kuze kube kusihlwa.
  • [ ukuvota kwasekuqaleni:[ Izifundazwe eziningi zivumela abavoti ukuba bafake amabhola phambi komuntu izinsuku noma amasonto phambi koSuku Lokhetho. Njengango 2024, amazwe angaphezu kuka-40 anikeza uhlobo oluthile lokuvota kwasekuqaleni.
  • Abhisee (in-mail) ukuvota: Abavoli bangacela ivoti bayibuyise ngeposi noma ngebhokisi lokulahla. Imithetho yokuvota okungekhoyo iyahluka; ezinye izifunda zidinga izaba (umzk., ukuba ngaphandle kwedolobha), kuyilapho ezinye, njengoColorado, i-Oregon, ne-Washington, ziqhuba zonke izinqumo ngokuthumela ngokuyinhloko.

Imishini kufanele iqinisekise izikhathi eziqondile ezimisiwe zikahulumeni wabo nokuhlola nge- i-National Association of Screaters of State (NAS) I-Ivote? i-portal[[FLT: 1].

Ukufaneleka Nezimfuneko

Ukuze avote okhethweni lwe - gubernator, umuntu kumelwe ahlangabezane nezindinganiso ezivamile zokuthola inzuzo:

  • Yiba isakhamuzi sase - United States.
  • Yiba okungenani neminyaka engu - 18 ubudala ngosuku lokukhetha noma ngaphambi koSuku.
  • Yiba isakhamuzi sesifunda esivota kuso (izimfuneko zendawo yokuhlala ziyahlukahluka; izifundazwe eziningi zidinga izinsuku ezingu - 30).
  • Yiba semthethweni ukuba uvote ngosuku olumisiwe lukahulumeni.

Izikhawu zokubhalisa ze-opera zingaba ngezinsuku ezingu-30 ngaphambi kokhetho (umz. Texas, Alabama) noma sekwephuze kakhulu njengoSuku Lokhetho (umz., Maine, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Vermont, Georgia, Indiana) ivumela imithetho efanayo ye-mini-mini). Ezinye izimo zidinga I-ID ukuphonsa i-boloat. Lezimfuneko zisuka kwimithetho ye-I-I-FOFO-FO-F: [upt], i-FOLT [FFFF] i-FT]

Esinye isici esibalulekile amalungelo okuvota [. Ilungelo lokuvotela abantu abanezinkolelo zecala elidlulile lihluka kakhulu ngokombuso. Abanye banquma ngokuhlukana okungalungiseki kwabantu abanezinsalela zecala, kuyilapho abanye bewabuyisela ngokuzenzakalela amalungelo okuvota lapho kuqedwa isigwebo (kuhlanganise ukukhishwa nokugcinwa). Izwe elincane livumela abantu ukuba bavote. Lo msebenzi ongathinta amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamavoti ongaba abavoti emncintiswayo emncintini wombusi oyedwa.

Ukukhetha Okukhethekile Nokubuyisela Okuphakathi

Ngezinye izikhathi umbusi ushiya isikhundla ngaphambi kokuba agcine isikhathi sakhe esiphelile .Njengoba kusuka ekuyekeni, ekufeni, noma ekususweni esikhundleni. Kulezi zimo, umthetho-sisekelo kazwelonke ugunyaza olandela umbusi noma unobhala kahulumeni. Izizwe eziningi zikhona lapho zisenza ukhetho olukhethekile emjikelezweni wokukhetha olandelayo ukuze zigcwalise ingxenye esele yegama. Nokho, ngokwesibonelo, lapho uMbusi u-Andrew Cuomo eshiywe ngo-2021, uMbusi okhethekile u-Kathy Hochul waba umbusi futhi wakhonza ngaphandle kwegama; ukhetho olukhethekile lwalungadingeyongowokuba u-Hochul kakade umbusi wezwe. Nokho, kusho ukuthi ukuntula umbusi noma umbusi wohlulo lwezi hlelo kuhlukile, uhulumeni okhethekile angabizwa ngokushesha.

Okhetho olunjalo olukhethekile olukhethekile ludonsa ukunakekela okuphawulekayo ngoba lungashintsha ukulinganisela kwezombangazwe kwebhayisikili eliphakathi nesifundazwe, luthinte izinqumo ezinqunywe inqubo yemali, imithetho yezibhamu, ukunakekelwa kwempilo, nokunye okwengeziwe.

Imingcele Yezikhathi Nempumelelo

Izifundazwe eziningi zibekela ababusi bazo imingcele enqunyiweyo. Imingcele evamile yimingcele yeminyaka emine elandelanayo, kodwa kunezinto ezingafani. Ezinye izifundazwe, njengoVirginia, zinqabela umbusi ukuba asebenzise izinombolo ezilandelanayo kodwa zivumele inkonzo engashushiwe. Ezinye izifundazwe, njenge New Hampshire ne Vermont, azinayo imingcele yeminyaka emibili elandelanayo (izikhulu zakhona zisebenzisa izinombolo zeminyaka emibili, hhayi ezine). Ukuqonda imingcele ibalulekile ngoba zinquma ukuthi i-New Hampshire no-Vermont ingaphinde ihambe futhi ivule kanjani umjaho.

Imithetho yempumelelo futhi ibalulekile. Ezifundeni ezingaba ngu-20, umbusi nomphathi-sifunda ugijima njengethikithi, ngakho umbusi-gave uthatha indima uma umbusi engakwazi ukuthatha izinkonzo. Kwamanye amazwe, umbusi-gave ukhethwa ngokwehlukana futhi angase angabi weqembu elifanayo. Lokhu kungaholela ekushintsheni ekulawuleni iqembu phakathi nenkathi ngaphandle kokuvota kokhetho.

Okwenza Izindaba Zakho Zibe Ezibalulekile

Abalawuli banegunya elikhulu ezimisweni zikahulumeni ezithinta ngokuqondile ukuphila kwezakhamuzi: bahlongoza ukuhlelwa kwemali yezwe, ukusayinwa noma ukumiswa kwemithetho, ukumisa abahluleli nabaqondisi bezinhlangano zikahulumeni, futhi banamandla okuthethelela ubugebengu. Phakathi nenhlekelele . Njengenhlekelele engokwemvelo, umqedazwe, noma izinxushunxushu zezakhamuzi. Umbusi uba umuntu oyinhloko ekuqondiseni lokhu kusabela. Ngenxa yokuthi ohulumeni bamazwe banomthwalo wemfanelo oyinhloko wemfundo, wokuhamba, ukuphepha komphakathi, nomthetho wempilo, ukukhethwa kombusi kungabumba isimo iminyaka eminingi ezayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, okhetho olungokwezinqumo luthonya isimo sezombangazwe esikhulu. Ohulumeni ngokuvamile basebenza njengezisekelo eziyinhloko zababezokuba abaholi, futhi ukusebenza kwabo kungathinta ithonya lesizwe leqembu. Ukubuyiselwa kwezihlalo zomthetho zobubhishobhi nomthetho kahulumeni ngokuvamile kusayinwa umthetho ngumbusi, unika ihhovisi ithonya eliphawulekayo phezu kokumelelwa kwezombangazwe iminyaka eyishumi.

Naphezu kwalezi zigxobo eziphakeme, okhethweni oluphezulu luvame ukuncipha kunaseminyakeni yobumongameli. Ku-2018 phakathi nokhetho lwe-guberna, lusuka ku-40% kuya ku-60% kuxhomeke kuhulumeni. Eminyakeni yobumongameli, ukuvota kungadlula ku-70% kwezinye izizwe. Ukhetho ngalunye olungabalwanga lubonisa ithuba eliphuthiwe lokuthonya isimiso sombuso. Ngenxa yokuthi izinhlanga eziningi zinqunywa ngemingcele yesigaba esingaphansi kwesi-1%, umvoti ngamunye unethuba elilinganayo lokuthinta umphumela.

Indlela Yokulungiselela Ukhetho Olulandelayo

  1. qinisekisa izinga lokubhalisa kwakho. Izifundazwe eziningi zivumela ukwenzeka kwale layini. Uma zingabhaliwe, yenza kanjalo ngaphambi kokuphela kwesikhathi.
  2. Yazi usuku nohlobo lwezwe lakho oluyinhloko. Uma ubhalise neqembu, qiniseka ukuthi ungavota kwisihloko salo. Ezifundazweni ezivulekile, nquma ukuthi yiliphi iphuzu eliyinhloko ofuna ukuhlanganyela kulo.
  3. cwaninga abazofuna ukukhokhelwa. Bheka ngalé kwezimpawu zeqembu. Qhathanisa izikhundla ezindabeni ozikhathalelayo: izintela, ukunakekelwa kwempilo, ukuxhasa imfundo, imithetho yendawo ezungezile, namalungelo okuvota.
  4. [ Iyiphi indlela ozovota ngayo. Nquma ukuthi uzovota nini kusenesikhathi, ngeposi, noma ngumuntu. Cela ibhola elingekhoyo uma kudingeka, futhi uqaphele isikhathi sokubuya.
  5. Ulethe isikhombi esidingekayo. Uma isimo sakho sinemithetho ye-ID yomvoti, qinisekisa ukuthi unendlela eyamukelekayo ye-ID. Ezinye izifundazwe zamukela ama-ID abafundi noma izikweletu zenzuzo; ezinye zidinga ilayisense yomshayeli we-ose-yokuhamba kwezwe noma i-passsport.
  6. phakamisa wonke ama-collet. Izinhlanga zama-gubernator zivame ukuvela kanye neminye imincintiswano ebalulekile kamphathi-khulu, ummeli jikelele, isishaya-mthetho, amahhovisi kazwelonke, kanye nezilinganiso zokuthatha.

Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe ngezinqubo zokhetho zikahulumeni wakho eziqondile, vakashela isikhulu SUSA.gov nokhetho ikhasi noma thintana nebhodi yokhetho yasendaweni yakini.

Ukhetho olungokwezintambo luyisisekelo sentando yeningi kahulumeni waseMelika. Ngokuqonda inqubo ye-(partums), imikhankaso enamandla, izindlela zokuvota, nokungakhokhi ($67) kungenza ukukhetha okunolwazi nokusebenzisa ukucupha kwabo ngokuphumelelayo. Ngokuzayo uma ubhekisa phambili ekukhetheni umbusi, uyokwazi kahle ukuthi inqubo isebenza kanjani, nokuthi kungani uthatha isinyathelo esingaphezulu kunanini ngaphambili.