I-National Guard inendawo ehlukile nenamandla endaweni esabelayo ephuthumayo yaseMelika. Njengebutho elimbaxambili elivela kuhulumeni ophethe izikhali, onogada bakhonza imiphakathi yabo njengezakhamuzi ezidabukayo, balondoloza imisebenzi engekho emthethweni ngesikhathi beqeqeshelwa imisebenzi yezempi. Lesi sakhiwo esikhethekile sibaluleke kakhulu ekufuneni nasekusindiseni (SAR). Ngokuthandwa okukhulu kwezindawo ezizungezile eziphuthumayo. Ngokukhuphuka kokuzijabulisa okungokonyaka, kuhlangene nokwanda kwezinhlekelele zemvelo eziqhutshwa ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, indima yabaphathi bezomkhosi njengempahla eyinhloko esindisa ukuphila ayikaze ibe nenzima kakhulu. Banikeza ibhuloholi eliqinile phakathi kwamaqembu ezisebenzi zokuzithandela zendawo, analwazi olujulile, nezimpahla ezikhuphukayo ezikhushuliwe. Umphumela umphumela walokhu kusebenza ngomphakathi wonke.

Uma umuntu evalelekile esiqongweni sentaba, umkhaya uvaleleke izikhukhula esigodini esikude, noma umqwali ulimala edwaleni, ngokuvamile ucingo luya eNational Guard. Ukuhlangana kwesiyalo sezempi, ubuchwepheshe obuphambili, ukuzisiza, kanye nolwazi oluseduze lwezwe lendawo kuwenza abe usizo olubalulekile kunoma imuphi umbusi obhekene nenhlekelele edlula izinga lezinkonzo ezivamile eziphuthumayo. Nakhu ukubheka ngokuningi ngendlela u-National Guards asiza ngayo ekufuneni nasekusindiseni imisebenzi ezindaweni ezinzima kakhulu ezisezwenikazini.

Ukufuna Nokutakula Kwesizwe Ngesikhundla Esihlelekile

Inzuzo eyisisekelo ye-National Guard isesakhiweni sayo sokuyala. Ngokungafani nezempi osebenzayo osebenza ngezikhathi ezithile, i-gade ilawulwa umbusi nge-applicant kahulumeni lapho isebenza ngaphansi kwe-State Actice Duty (SAD) noma i-Sihloko 32 somthetho we-U.S. Lokhu kudlula ukusetshenziswa komthetho kahulumeni, kuvumela isikhathi esilinganiselwa ngemizuzu noma ngamahora. Ijubane lomntwana olahlekile noma umqwali ovalekile, yikho konke okumelwe sikwenze.

Lolu hlelo lulawulwa yi-Stafford Act ne-Posse Comitatus Act, ngokuvamile evimbela amasosha asebenzayo ukuba enze imisebenzi yomthetho wasekhaya. Nokho, u-National Guard olawulwa uhulumeni ukhululekile kulemingcele, iwavumela ukuba ahileleke ngokuqondile emikhankasweni esindisa ukuphila. Lomthetho-sisekelo ne-statory isisekelo sosizo lwasekhaya lwabalindi. Abayona nje isisekelo sezempi; bayingxenye eyinhloko, ehlangeneyo yesimiso somthetho-mouse sokulawula isimo somkhakha.

Uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinto, iQuert inikeza iphuzu elibalulekile eliyingqayizivele:

  • Ukuhlanganisa kanye neNxintela: nezilinganiso ezibekwe emiphakathini engaphezu kuka-500 kuzo zonke izifunda nezindawo ezingu-50, ugada usakazekile futhi ujule kakhulu kubantu.
  • I-ANTY: Igada lisebenza imishini enzima njenge-appy yempi esebenzayo, kuhlanganise ne-UH-60 Black Hawks, CH-47 Chinoks, izimoto zobuchwepheshe, kanye nezimiso zokuxhumana eziyinkimbinkimbi. Amaqembu amaningi eSAR asendaweni noma esifundazwe awanamali noma alondoloze lemishini.
  • Imisebenzi eqinisekisiwe: Abagada bangamandla azimele. Bazilethela uphethiloli, amanzi, ukudla, isizukulwane samandla, namakhono okulungisa. Bangasekela umsebenzi omkhulu wokufuna izinsuku noma amasonto ngaphandle kokuthwesha izakhiwo zendawo.

Izindlela Zokusebenzisa I - quarter Nezinto Ezisetshenziswayo Ezisesangweni Elikude

I - National Guard iletha iqoqo elikhulu lamakhono okuthwala, hhayi nje amathuluzi; ayizimiso ezihlangene zezisebenzi, ukuqeqeshwa, nobuchwepheshe obuklanyelwe ukunqoba izinselele ezinkulu zendawo ezungezile.

I-White-Aviation: Ihhashi lokutakula elisebenza kude

Ukuthutha indiza kuvame ukuba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu eshayweni elikude. Abagada basebenza amapulatifomu amabili ayinhloko alungele lomsebenzi. I-UH-60 Black Hawk iyindiza enophephela esetshenziswa kakhulu. Ihlome nendiza enophephela e-SAR. Ihlome ngokuphakamisa i-HH-60G Pavek, ngokuvamile ekwaziyo ukuphakamisa amakhilogremu angu-60 endiza ehambayo, evumela induna yeqembu ukuba yehliselwe ngqo endaweni yensulu noma ukuyikhipha emfucumfucu. I-Shokesssss, isebenza i-HH-Hawk kanye nentsha i-HH-Wally Green, eklalwe ngokukhethekile ngenjongo yokufuna nokuhlenga. Le ndawo yezulu ephambili, ebuka phambili (I-FIRFI), futhi isebenza ngokukhanyisa i-ulters, inikeza zonke izinsuntwe-Greagey.

Ukusebenza ekuphakameni okukhulu, i-CH-47 Chinook ibalulekile. ERockes nase-Andes, umklamo wamawele eChinook unikeza isilinganiso samandla aphakeme akwisilinganiso sezinyawo ezingu - 10 000 noma ngaphezulu. Lokhu kuyenza ibe yinzuzo kuphela ekwazini ukukhipha amaqembu amakhulu abantu noma izinto ezibucayi emachibini ezintaba noma eziqongweni eziphakeme.

Ukusebenza Kwasemhlabeni Nokutakula Ngobuchwepheshe

Nakuba ukuhamba ngendiza kubalulekile, izinto eziningi zokusindisa zidinga isisekelo. Amasosha esizwe aqeqeshelwe ukuhamba ngemikhumbi ehamba ezweni, ukuhamba ngemishini, nokusinda. Ama-Unit anjenge-19 ne-20 Special Forces Groups (Indiza Ehamba Ngendiza) aletha ukuthutha izintaba okuphambili, i-SCUBA, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokutakula etafuleni. Izifunda eziningi zinemishini ekhethekile yokusindisa i-Mouauntault Assault noma i-Angle Serrence ehamba kakhulu nezisebenzi ezihamba ne-entaba ezingasadlangasese.

Izimoto ezihamba ngezinyawo nazo zinendima. Nakuba i-ambulense noma iloli lokucisha umlilo elivamile lingakwazi ukunqamula umgwaqo ogezwe ngaphandle kwehlathi, izimoto ezikwazi ukudlula ezimotweni ze-garde nemishini esindayo (njengekhaya le-Mactal Vehicles [FMTV] ne Joint Light Tacteral Vehicle [JLTV]). Ezimweni eziningi, lezimoto ziyindlela kuphela yokuthola izisebenzi zezokwelapha nemishini eseduze kwendawo eqhelile.

Ukukhulumisana Nomyalo Ovamile

Enye yezici ezibucayi kakhulu nezinganakiwe kakhulu zeSAR ukuxhumana. Izindawo ezikude ngokuvamile azinawo amasethi ahlanganisayo noma ama-ase - tradio athembekile. Amagada anikeza izimiso zokuxhumana eziqinile, ezilondekile, nezivuselelekayo. Angamisa izitembu zokuxhumana zesiphuphutheki, iziteshi zomsakazo, kanye nezingcingo ze-apply stated ngehora elilodwa. Lezi zinto zifakwa njalo kuyi-Incident Leader System (ICS), ivumele i-Sheriffript noma iNstruption i-octive ukuba ikwazi ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinhlangano eziningi. Ikhono lokumisa isikhungo sokuxhumana ngokuvamile linquma ukuthi i-mganothi eyinkimbinkimbi, ukuphendla izinsuku eziningi kuyaphumelela.

Ukuphuma Kwemithi Emtholampilo Nokunakekelwa Kwensimu Okuthatha Isikhathi Eside

Ikhono lezokwelapha loMgaqo woMnyango lidlulela ngalé kosizo lokuqala oluyisisekelo. Unqanda iMedics (68W) i-EMTs, futhi eziningi zithwala iziqinisekiso eziphambili. Indiza Medics (68WF) iqeqeshelwe ukuthutha nokuphakamisa izinto ezibucayi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibutho lezempi lisebenzise kakhulu umqondo we-Moreved Field Care (PFC). Lokhu kuqeqesha ukuqinisa iziguli eziphila isikhathi eside ((27272+ amahora) uma ukuthutha ngokushesha kungenakwenzeka ngenxa yesimo sezulu noma indawo. Lelikhono lihlelwa ngokuqondile ekudluliselweni e-SAR windowtion, njengomhambi onesilonda esiphihlikishayo esibanjwe isiphepho.

Ukwandisa Izincwadi Ezisebenzayo Nezifundo Zesifo

Ukuphumelela kwalamakhono kuqondwa kangcono kakhulu ngelens yemisebenzi yezwe yangempela, ehlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo eziphawulekayo zendawo ezungezile.

Ukutakulwa Kwezintaba Eziphakeme Kakhulu

E-Rocky Mountains, i-National Guard iqhuba ukuhlenga okuningi unyaka ngamunye. Ukuhlinza kuka-2023 eLongs Spook e-Rocky Mountal National Park kusebenza njengesibonelo esicacile. Abagibeli babevalekelwe ezindaweni eziqinile ezingamamitha angu - 13 000. Imimoya ephakeme yavimbela ukusebenza okuphephile kokuphakamisa izintaba. Kunokuba ijike, iqembu loMkhosi waBagadali we-Colorado National National Guard ukusuka e-2-135th Serviation Battalion yakhomba i-temfonsole ephezulu eqedweni eliyingozi, yalayisha iqembu labahlengi, futhi yakhipha abashi bosizo. Lokhu kusebenza kwadinga ikhono lokushayela i-Coloradoradol National Park.

Ukusabela KweSiphepho Sasezweni Esiza NgoZamcolo

Izikhukhula zasezweni zingenye yezimo zeSAR eziyingozi kakhulu nezisakazeke kakhulu. Phakathi neSiphepho iHelene ngo-2024, imiphakathi ekude eziNtabeni ze-Apalachian eNtshonalanga yeCarolina yahlukaniswa ngokuphelele nokuphahlazeka kwenhlabathi okuyinhlekelele nokuhluleka kwebhuloho. I-North Carolina National Guard yaqhuba izinqola zamanzi aphakeme zokutakula nokukhushulwa kobukhazikhazikhazi be-UH-60s, ihlupha izakhamuzi eziqongweni zophahla nemfucumfucu. Zanikeza namanzi kuphela umchamo wokudla, kanye nemithi kule miphakathi izinsuku eziningi. Ikhono yabaphathi be-Roards yayiyisihluthulelo sokusindisa ukuphila kwamakhulukhulu.

Ukufuna Ugwadule Nehlane

Izindawo ezinkulu, ezomile zaseMelika eseNingizimuntshona ziveza uhlobo oluhlukile lwenselele: ukushisa okukhulu, izindawo zokufuna okukhulu, nemithombo yamanzi elinganiselwe. I-Arizona ne-California National Guard isebenzisa inhlanganisela yama-UH-60 ethwele ama-UH kanye namabutho asemhlabeni ngezimoto ezishisayo ukuze ikhukhule indawo yasogwadule. Zikhona futhi nezinzwa ezikhethekile ezingabona izimpawu zomuntu noma izimpawu zemishini (njengezingcingomakhalekhukhwini) ezindaweni ezibanzi. I-gaday Nomngcele we-Patrol ne-Sheffiffary ukuze zithole amahhovisi e-ofisi e-part alahlekileyo, abashayeli abashaywe, noma izisulu zokuhweba abantu ezidinga ukuhlengwa.

Isiphepho sasebusika Nokusabela Okubangelwa Yiziphepho

Phakathi neziphepho ezinkulu zasebusika, iQuary iyona kuphela inhlangano ekwaziyo ukuhamba phakathi kweqhwa elijulile noma iqhwa. Bathumela izimoto ezilandelelanayo, izimoto zeqhwa, kanye negiyeyiji elikhethekile elibandayo. Ezifundeni ezinjengeMinnesota, iMichigan, neNew York, igada liye lathatha izinhlelo zokukhipha iziguli ezibhedlela ezinqanyulwa amabhungane. Basekela futhi amaqembu okutakula ngokuthutha izinja namathuluzi asuka ezindaweni ezikude, ngokuphawulekayo kunciphisa isikhathi sokusabela.

Ukusabela Okuhlangene Nokuklanywa

INational Guard ayisebenzi ingenalutho.

Isimiso Sokuyala Esisheshayo (IICS)

Yonke imisebenzi yasekhaya ye-SAR ilawulwa ngaphansi kwe-ICS. I-Sheffair noma iNkosana yomlilo isebenza njengoMphathi we-Incident. Ugada ufaka lesisakhiwo njenge "impahla e-"reace" noma "eyabelwe". Isikhulu sobugada sibekwa esikhungweni sokuqondisa impahla yezempi. Lesimiso siqinisekisa ukuthi iQaphi lezenganiso lezenswele, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inikeza ukuphakamisa izindiza, amaqembu okusesha enhlabathini, noma ukusekela. I-National Guard Bureaunt Bure Bureaunt inikeza ukuqeqeshwa okukhulu ukuze iqinisekise ukuthi izisebenzi zayo zifanelekile, imfuneko yokuhlanganisa abantu abahambayo.

Ukusebenza Nabangane Abangahlelekile

I-Guard isebenza njalo ne-National Park Service (NPS), i-Fold Service (USFS), ne-Bureau of Land Management (BLM). Lezi zinhlangano zikahulumeni zokuphatha izwe zinolwazi olujulile endaweni yazo kodwa ngokuvamile azinazo izindiza ezithwala izinto ezisindayo. I-guard igcwalisa leligebe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-CAP inikeza i-emor reconnaissance ne-Photo -graphion, kuyilapho amaqembu e-MRA enikeza ubuchwepheshe obungenakuqhathaniswa bokukhuphuka kwe-Mount Reaves Association i-Mount Association (MRA)[FLT] kanye ne-Civil Air Mount Patrol (CAP). I-CAP inikeza i-mouse reconnaissance ne-methonication, kuyilapho amaqembu eMRA enikeza imishini yobuchwepheshe yokuhlola i-otaskton.

Isikhungo Sokusiza Izindiza SaseU.S.

Isimiso semizwa esiyinhloko salo lonke lolu xhakathi yi-[FLT]U.Air Force Coonatiation Center (AFRCC) esise-Tyndal Air Bay Base, Florida. I-AFRC inkampani eyodwa ephethe ukuhlanganisa i-SARC phakathi kwe-ARC e-United States. Uma iSheriffaisence idinga imithombo edinga i-AFRCC. I-AFRC i-ARC isebenza i-ARC engcono kakhulu, ngokuvamile eyi-Aier National Guard okanye i-Ultervior. Le-24/7 yesikhungo sokuhlanganisa yi-linchnch edinga imfuyo yendawo.

Ukuqeqeshwa, Ukugunyazwa Kwezincwadi, Nesibonelo Sezakhamuzi Ezikhulu

Ukuphumelela kwe-National Guard eSAR akwenzeki ngengozi. Kungenxa yokuziqeqesha okuqinile, okuqinile kanye nokubaluleka okuyingqayizivele kwesakhamuzi.

Izikole Zesar Ezikhethekile

I-U.S. iqhuba izikole eziningi ezisezikhungweni zokuqeqeshelwa ukuhlenga. I-Army Mountain War School (AMWS) eJeriko, Vermont, iqhuba izifundo eziphambili zokuqeqeshelwa ukuhlenga intaba, ukuthutha okuphezulu, ukusinda, nokusinda. Amasosha afunda kulesi sikole abuyela ezingxenyeni zawo anamakhono asebenza ngokuqondile eSontweni. Ngokufanayo, i-Air Force’s Survival, Evasion, ne-Surving (SERE) inikeza ukuqeqeshwa okungcono okusindayo ekude kakhulu ekuhlengeni.

ISifunda Sezakhamuzi

Isosha elisebenzisa izintambo zokuqeqesha izimpelasonto e-UH-60 Black Hawk kanye nolwazi lwalo lwezinsuku zesonto olusebenza njengesikhulu senkonzo ye-ambulense yesifunda esiphezulu. Izikhulu eziningi zamaphoyisa, i-EMTs, abagada bashushulukile, nabahlali bepaki abasebenza imisebenzi yabo yokuzihambela ebhakabhakeni. Isosha elichitha izijwayezi zalo zokuziqeqeshela ngezinsuku zonyaka ku-UH-60 Blackk kanye nosuku lwalo lwalo lwesonto lisebenza njengesikhulu esisebenza njengesikhulu esiphuthumayo senkonzo ye-ambulensi esisesifunda. Abaqondi nje indiza; abaqondi nje indiza; abasazi ibala ibalazwe; baphila nje emphakathini. Lokhu kuqhubeka kwenza ukuba izigaba zomphakathi ziphumelele kakhulu ezinqulweni zokusiza abasebenza ngezisebenzi ze-ambutho ezindaweni zosizo ze-ambutho ze-anse.

Ukuvivinya Umzimba Okungafani

Ukuqeqesha kulondolozwa ngokuphindaphindayo, ngesilinganiso esikhulu. Amazwe avame ukuqhuba inqubo yokuvivinya ukuphahlazeka kwezindiza ezindaweni ezisehlane, ukusabela kokuzamazama komhlaba emiphakathini yezintaba, noma ukuhlengwa kwamanzi. Lokhu kuqeqeshelwa kuhlanganisa i-gada, abaphathi besimo esiphuthumayo, umlilo wendawo namaphoyisa, nabaphathi bezindawo. Bahlola ukuxhumana, bathole amagebe ezimisweni, futhi bakhe ubuhlobo obukhokhela inzuzo uma kuvela inhlekelele yangempela.

Isidingo Esikhulayo Nekusasa Labaqaphi Besizwe

Njengoba ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kwandisa ukukhula nobukhulu bezenzakalo zezulu ezimbi, futhi njengoba amaMelika amaningi efuna ukuzijabulisa ezindaweni ezikude ezibhekene nokugada, isidingo sekhono le-SAR ye-National Guard sizokwanda. I-gade lizama ngamandla ukuhlangabezana nalesi sikhathi esizayo.

Izimiso ze-ircrafts ezingalawulwa yi-UAS, noma ama-drones, ziba yithuluzi elivamile. I-predator/Reaper units kanye nama-drones amancane asetshenziswa ukumboza izindawo ezinkulu zokuhlola, inikeza ividiyo yesikhathi sangempela eyondla iposi lokuyala, futhi ngisho nokunikeza izigxathu ezincane zemali njengamanzi noma imisakazo ezisulwini eziphelelwe amandla. Ukuhlanganiswa kwemininingwane yemizwa ephambili, kuhlanganise nokufakwa kwe-athonsic transfic trans kanye neraday, kuvumela amaqembu ahlolayo ukuba athole abantu emahlathi agqigqizekile noma ngaphansi kwemfucumfucu ngokushesha okukhulu kunanini ngaphambili.

Intuthuko ekuxhumaneni kweziphuphutheki, njengokusetshenziswa kwamaqoqo ezinkanyezi emhlabeni ophansi, iyanda ikhono logada lokulawula nokulawula noma kuphi eplanethini. Lokhu kuvumela adokotela ukuba bahlole i-telmedicine lapho behlola odokotela abahlinzayo ezibhedlela ezinkulu, bathuthukise imiphumela ephawulekayo ezigulini zasensimini.

Ekuphetheni, umnikelo we-National Guard wokuhlola nokutakula ezindaweni ezikude uyingxenye ebalulekile yesimiso sokuqondisa isimo esiphuthumayo saseMelika. Ukuma kwabo okusemzileni, imishini ephambili, ukuqeqeshwa okunzima, nokuhlanganiswa komphakathi okujulile kudala ikhono lokuhlenga elinamandla nelisabelayo. Umkhaya olinde izindaba zothandekayo olahlekileyo, ukubona indiza enophephela-mkhathi efika phezu kwe-patroli ye-National Guard akusona nje isibonakaliso samandla empi; kuyisithembiso sokuzimisela komphakathi ukungashiyi muntu. Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kobuchwepheshe, nobudlelwane kuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlala umkhulu wosizo olukude amashumi eminyaka ezayo.