Ukuqonda Izincwadi Ezingaxhunyiwe Nendima Yazo Emalini Yomkhankaso

I-PUCS isendaweni ekhethekile ngoba isebenza ngokwanoma yimuphi umkhakha we-PU, noma i-PCs, noma isekela inhlangano enjengenhlangano yezisebenzi. La makomiti aphakamisa imali evela kubantu ngabanye futhi asebenzise leyo mali ukuze asekele noma aphikise abavoti, noma aphikise abacela ukuthatha i-BEC, noma umthetho. I-Federal Ecompument Act (FECA) kanye nezinhlangano ze-PACIocesss adinga ukuba imibiko ebanzi nge-FeC Commissionsion (FEFEC) futhi ikwazi ukuhlanganisa nalezi zindawo nezindawo, futhi kufanele ibone ukuthi i-PC ihlangana kanjani nemithetho ehlangeneyo ne-Federal Commissionsion Commis (FC) ukuze iqinisekise umphakathi ukuba ulandele imali kwezombangazwe. Lesi sihloko sihlola indlela abangayisebenzisi abayisebenzisi nabaphathi beminikelo, futhi sakhanyanisa ngayo, futhi izakhamuzi, kufanele zihlangane kanjani ukuthi izikhulu eziphethe.

Ukubonana kwezimali zomkhankaso akuyona nje imfuneko engokomthetho; kuyisisekelo sokulandisa ngentando yeningi. Abavoter bafanelwe ukwazi ukuthi ubani osekela imibiko yezombangazwe ngokwezimali nokuthi izimali zithunyelwa kanjani. I-PAC engaxhunyiwe, ngokuvamile ehileleka ezindlekweni ezizimele(ii-(ama-ad), abathumeli beposi, nezinye izingxoxo ezisekela ngokusobala ukukhethwa noma ukunqotshwa kwe-democracy. Lemithetho iye yavela emashumini eminyaka, futhi iyayiqonda ibalulekile kubafundi, izintatheli, nakunoma isiphi isakhamuzi esifuna ukuqonda ukukhangisa kwezombangazwe kanye nethonya.

Yiziphi Izincwadi Ezingaxhunyiwe?

Ama-PAC angaxhunyiwe achazwa ama-FEC njengamakomiti ezombangazwe angenayo iminikelo yokuzithandela, inhlangano yezombangazwe, noma inhlangano ethile enjengenhlangano yezohwebo. Akhiwa abantu ngabanye, amaqembu ezakhamuzi, noma izinhlangano zemibono ukuze athole imali futhi ayisebenzise kukhetho lukahulumeni. Ngenxa yokuthi awanawo umzali, kumelwe athembele eminikelweni yokuzithandela kubantu ngabanye futhi avumelane nemingcele yeminikelo nezimfuneko zokuveza okusebenza kuwo wonke ama-PAC angagunyazwanga yi-mbhalisa.

Izibonelo ze-PACs zihlanganisa amaqembu anezici zemibono anjenge-EMILY’s List (esekela i-pro-choice Democratic besifazane), i-Club for Growth (eyi-Revel democratic commistry), ne-National Rifle Association’s Victory of Political Victory Fund. Le mithetho ingaziwa futhi ngokuthi "i-paCs" lapho isungulwa ummeli noma umxhasi wokusekela abanye abahlohlisi, kodwa ngisho naleyo engochwepheshe engaxhunyiwe ngomkhankaso we-PACIalgray. Isihluthulelo singeso: i-Pacs engaxhunyiweyo-odmidmistry's's's ingezwana ukuchitha kwabo abafunda noma abasekeli abamelene nayo.

Isimiso esingokomthetho se-PACs salotshwa ngokuyinhloko yi-Federal Econstruction Campaignt Act ka-1971 kanye ne-Bipartisan Champaign Reformation Act ka-2002, kanye nesinqumo seNkantolo Ephakeme e iSicizen United v. [FEC [2010] [20], kuyilapho igxile ekusebenziseni kwenkampani, iqinisekisa ukuthi i-PACs ingaphakamisa izimali ezingenakulinganiswa zezindleko ezizimele ngama-akhawunti ahlukene. Naphezu kokunyuka kwe-PUCS (okungamukela iminikelo engapheliyo kubantu ngabanye nezinhlangano), engasayinwanga i-PaC ewundaywo yomnikelo ohhlwini lwemali ephumayo ngonyaka noma ku-R5 000 ngonyaka.

Izimfuneko Zokubika: Intambo Yokubona Okucace

I-PAC engaxhunyiwe kumelwe ibhale imibiko evamile ne-FEC eveza amarisidi abo (izivumelwano), ukulahla (ukukhipha), izikweletu, kanye nezinye izithengiso zezimali. I-FEC inikeza amafomu avamile nemithetho eqinile. Ukuhluleka ukubhala amafayela ngesikhathi noma ngokunembile kungaphumela ekukhokheleni noma esenzweni esingokomthetho. Ngezansi kuyimibiko eyinhloko yonke i-PAC okumelwe ibhalwe ngehele elingaxhunyiwe.

Ukubhalisa Kokuqala: Ukukhulumela Ukuhleleka

Uma i-PAC engaxhunyiwe iphakamisa noma ichitha imali engaphezu kuka-R1000 ngonyaka wekhalenda, kumelwe ibhalise ne-FEC ngokufaka i-PAC Isimo se- Organization (FEC Ifomu 1). Le fomu ihlanganisa igama lekomiti, ikheli, ikheli, isheya, umgcini wamarekhodi, nenhlangano ehlangeneyo noma exhunyiwe (uma ikhona cishe i-PACs yale nsimu ishiywa ingenalutho noma iphawuliwe "none""). Ikomiti futhi kumelwe ibonise ukuthi iyi-"enhlanganise"ikomiti exhumayo" nenhloso yayo, esekela noma ephikisayo. Ukubhalisa kumelwe kwenziwe phakathi nezinsuku eziyishumi zokunqamula komnyango.

Imibiko Ye - Quarterly (Form 3X)

Imali engaxhunyaniswanga ethola noma ehluphayo ngonyaka wekhalenda kumelwe imibiko egciniwe ngokwengxenye eyodwa yezinsuku ezilandelana isebenzisa FEC Ifomu 3X, iNgkhaye yemali yemali ne-Disbursement. Lemibiko ihlanganisa izinkathi ezintathu zenyanga eziphela ngoMatshi 31, June 30, September 30, noDecember 31. Izinsuku ezifanele ziyizinsuku ezingu-15 ngemva kokuphela kwekota ngayinye, ngaphandle kwemibiko yonyaka ka-Januwariary 31.

Imibiko yokukhetha kwangaphambi nengemva

Eminyakeni yokukhetha, ama-PAC angekho okhishweyo kumelwe afake imibiko eyengeziwe ukuze ahlanganise imibiko yezikhathi ngaphambi nangemva kokhetho. Imibiko yezenhlawulo ibekelwe izinsuku ezingu-12 ngaphambi kokhetho futhi ihlanganise umsebenzi phakathi nosuku lwama-20 ngaphambi kokhetho. IPost-ukhetho [ ifanele imibiko engama-30 ngemva kokhetho futhi imboze umsebenzi owe-20 ngosuku ngemva kokhetho. Lemibiko ikwenezela emibhalweni yesine futhi iqinisekisa ukuthi uvota unokwaziswa kwamuva ngokusetshenziswa neminikelo eholela ekuvoti. Uma i-PAC yenza ukukhishela ngokwayo okuzimele okungu-10 000 noma ngaphezulu kwezinsuku ezingu-20 zokukhetha, kumelwe futhi ikwenezwe ngefayili yokhetho. [FFFF]

Imibiko Yokuphela Konyaka Nemibiko Yemithetho

Umbiko wonyaka ekupheleni, ofakwe ngoJanuary 31, uhlanganisa yonke imisebenzi kusukela ngo-October 1 kuya ku-December 31. Isebenza njengokufingqa kokugcina unyaka wekhalenda. Uma i-PAC engasebenzi futhi ingenazikweletu ezivelele noma imali esandleni, ingafaka i-Termation Report (Fm 3X ngebhokisi lokucima elihlolwe). Lombiko wokugcina uhlanganisa yonke imisebenzi kusukela embikweni wokugcina futhi uvala i-FOC ngokomthetho.

I Hour- kunye neZimemezelo ze-24 ze-Expenditures ezizimele

Uma i-PAC engaxhunyiwe yenza izindleko ezizimele (imishini esekela ngokusobala ukukhethwa noma ukunqoba kombhalisa ophawulwe ngokucacile futhi engahlangene no-anoma yimuphi umbhalisa) ukuthi i-acreate dollar 10 000 noma ngaphezulu ngonyaka wekhalenda, kumelwe ifake isaziso samahora angu-48] sezindleko ezizimele [ zemali ngayinye ewuh1] ezizimele ezingu-R1, [R1 000 noma ngaphezulu]. Uma izindleko zenziwa phakathi nezinsuku ezingu-20 zokhetho, isaziso kumelwe sigcinwe phakathi namahora angu-24. Lezi zazi zigcinwe ngokushesha futhi zitholakale obala ewebhhhhhhhsiteni. Lemfuneko yaqiniswa ] CON [FFFFFF:]][3]

Indlela Iminikelo Ebikwa Ngayo

I-PAC ngayinye engaxhunyiwe kumelwe ibike yonke iminikelo eyamukelayo. I-FEC ichaza umnikelo njenganoma yisiphi isipho, isikhokhelo, imali ebolekiswayo, noma imali ebekelwe impoqo noma noma yini yenani enzelwe ukuthonya ukhetho lukahulumeni. Iminikelo kumelwe ikhishwe uma ingqikithi yeminikelo eyodwa idlula u-R360 ngonyaka wekhalenda. Iminikelo emincane ingahlukaniswa futhi ibikwe njengengqikithi eyodwa ngaphandle kokuhlelwa kweminikelo ngayinye, kodwa ikomiti kusamelwe igcine amarekhodi ayo yonke iminikelo.

Iminikelo Ethathwe Kuyinye

Kulowo nalowo onikelayo onikeza imali engaphezu kuka - R250 ngonyaka, i - PAC kumelwe yembule okulandelayo okuseShedyuli A Yohlobo 3X:

  • [[UMTL:0] Igama eligcwele [ lomnini.
  • Ikheli elidluliselayo (i-treet, idolobha, isifundazwe, kanye ne-zip code).
  • i-'octive' kanye nomqashi' walowo onikelayo (ocelwe abantu abapha imali engaphezu kuka-R3,50; lokhu kusiza ekuvezeni umthombo wezimali kanye nezingxabano ezingase zesithakazelo).
  • [[UMHLA] nosuku lwenani [[Umnikelo:1] ngalinye.
  • [[UMTH:0] Ingqikithi yonyaka-wenyanga kuleyo ngxenye.

Lemininingwane ibophelelekile. I-FEC iyisebenzisa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akekho umuntu odlula u-R250 ngonyaka umthamo we-PAC ongekho ezixhweleni, futhi usiza ekutholeni iminikelo engekho emthethweni evela kwamanye amazwe noma izinhlangano (ezinqatshelwe). Umsebenzi nomqashi ubaluleke kakhulu ekubonakaleni, ngoba yenza umphakathi ubone ukuthi yiziphi izimboni noma amaqembu anenzalo axhasa imisebenzi yezombangazwe.

Iminikelo Enobunye

Iminikelo ka-R120 noma ngaphansi komuntu oyedwa ngonyaka wekhalenda ayidingi ukufakwa. Kunalokho, kubikwa ukuthi iyisixakeko ekhasini elifushanisiwe le-Fum 3X ngaphansi "kokuhlanganiswa kweminikelo" kodwa, ikomiti kumelwe igcine amarekhodi angaphakathi azo zonke iminikelo, ngisho namancane, uma kuqhathaniswa noma kunesikhalo. Ama-PAC amaningi angahlanganisiwe aphakamisa imali evela kwabanikelayo abancane nge-inthanethi, futhi leminikelo ivela njengengqikithi kuphela ngaphandle kokuba idlulise umnyango we-R220.00.

Iminikelo Yezinye Izincwadi

I-PAC engaxhunyiwe ingathola futhi iminikelo evela kwamanye ama-PAC, kuhlanganise nawomabili amakomiti axhunyiwe nangaxhunyiwe. Iminikelo esuka kuyi-PAC ukuya kwenye i-PAC kumelwe ibekwe uma idlula ku-$200. Umbiko we-PAC kumelwe wembule igama nekheli leminikelo ye-PAC, usuku nemali, kanye nengqikithi yonyaka. Ukudluliswa okunjalo kwe-PAC kuvamile, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwe-pactivations, futhi kumelwe balandele imingcele ye-FEC (i-PAC inganikeza i-R350 000 ngonyaka kwenye i-PAC).

Indlela Ama - paC Abika Ngayo Ukusebenzisa Kwawo Imali

Ama-PAC angaxhunyiwe kumelwe abike yonke inguquko ayenzayo, esebenzisa iShedynal B of Form 3X. Ukudideka kuhlanganisa iminikelo kwabazobhapathizwa noma kwamanye amakomiti, izindleko ezizimele, izindleko ezisebenzayo, nokuthunyelwa kwezinye i-PAC. Ukudiscina ngakunye kumelwe kuhlelwe ngokwezinjongo, futhi lowo obhalisweyo kumelwe aphawulwe ngaphandle kokuba ukulahla kuyinkokhelo yekhadi lokuthenga ngesikweletu noma ibhulorho lapho umkhokheli wokugcina eyaziwa khona kumarekhodi angaphakathi.

Iminikelo Kwabasemakomitini Nakwamanye

Uma i-PAC engaxhunyiwe inikeza imali ngokuqondile ekomitini yomkhankaso yomvotelwa (elinganiselwe ku-R150 000 ngokhetho), kumelwe ibike igama lomfundi, ihhovisi, isigaba, nenani. Ngokufanayo, iminikelo kwamanye ama-PAC, amakomiti eqembu, noma amakomiti esifunda/ikomiti okubhalisa i-mali kubikwa ngokuqondile ngokuhlukanisa komnikeli nenjongo. Leminikelo eqondile ivame ukusetshenziswa ekwakheni ubuhlobo nasekusekeleni abacela ukubhapathizwa.

Iziphetho Ezizimele

Ama-PAC angaxhunyiwe ngokuvamile enza izindleko ezizimele − ama-posi, ama-pass, amabhange ocingo, izikhangiso ze-adict, nezinye izimemezelo ezisekela noma ezimelene nomfundi. Lezizindleko kumelwe zibikwe ngokwehlukana eShedyuli E of Form 3X. Umbiko kumelwe uhlanganise:

  • Igama lozohlomisa ukubhapathizwa lasekela noma laphikisa.
  • Lelihhovisi lalifunwa (Indlu, iSigele, noma uMongameli).
  • Usuku nenani lezindleko.
  • Incazelo yezindleko (isib., "isimemezelo," "iposi eliqondile,""inkomfa").
  • Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izindleko zazingeze "ukuxhumana komphakathi" (imvumela, ikhebula, isiphuphutheki, iphrinta, noma i-inthanethi) futhi, uma kunjalo, igama lemithombo yezindaba nezinsuku zokuxhumana.

Izindleko ezizimele kumelwe zenziwe ngaphandle kokuvumelana nomkhankaso wombhalisa. I-FEC ihlolisisa lemibiko ngokucophelela ukuze iqinisekise ukuthobela. Ihora elingu- 48 noma amahora angu-24 lidingeka ekukhokheleni izindleko ezinkulu ezizimele eduze nokhetho, njengoba kuchazwe ngaphambili.

Izindleko Zokuphatha Nezindleko Zomsebenzi

Ama-PAC angaxhunyiwe nawo anephandle: intela, amaholo, izimali zomthetho, ukukhokha izindleko, izikweleti zemali ebhange, nezindawo zamahhovisi. Lokhu kubikwa ngokuthi "izindleko" eShedynal B. Ukudiliza ngakunye kumelwe kuhlanganise igama lesheli elikhokhelwayo, injongo (umz., "umholo," "isikhokhi," "ukukhokha izinkonzo"", nemali. I-PAC ichitha imali eningi ngokufaka imali enkonzweni (iposi, izenzakalo eziqondile zolayini) kanye nezinkonzo zokukhangisa (izimboni nezimeli ezilungiselela imibiko ye-FEC).

Ezinye Izindlela Zokuhlukanisa

Ezinye izigaba zihlanganisa ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amakomiti (ama-PAC, amakomiti eqembu), izikweleti zeminikelo, kanye nemali ebolekwayo. Ama-ambulensi avela kubantu ngabanye noma ezinhlanganweni zezimali kumelwe abikwe ngokuthi ama-risidi (lapho yamukelwe) nanjengokukhishwa kwemali (lapho ikhokhelwa). I-FEC idinga ukubikelwa okuningi kwemali ethathwe yikomiti.

Ukutholakala Ngokubona Kahle Nokungena Komphakathi

I-FEC ithunywa ukuba iqondise futhi iphoqelele imithetho kahulumeni yezezimali, futhi ingxenye eyinhloko yokwenza ukwaziswa okutholakala emphakathini. I-FEC igcina i-memodual ye-intanethi e-inthanethi e-.gov/data[ lapho umuntu engase afune khona amasheke ngegama lekomiti, umbhalisa, noma umnikeli. Abasebenzisi bangabheka i-PDCF amakhophi ezinto zokuqala noma ukulayisha ukwaziswa okukhulu ukuze bahlole. Iwebhusayithi ihlanganisa "Imali Yemali" yetheku lokuhlola evumela ukuseshwa kwemboni, indawo, nohlobo lwemali.

Izinhlangano zesithathu njengeCentre for Responsive Politics ([[FLT: 0]] Openserets. org) zibuye zinikeze i-FEC expanded ye-FEC futhi zinikeze izimpawu eziningi zobungane nomsebenzisi. Zinikeza ukuwohloka kwemali i-PACs eziyisebenzisayo, abafuna ukuyitholayo iminikelo, futhi yiziphi izimboni ezikhuthele kakhulu. Kubafundisi nakubafundi, lamathuluzi abalulekile ekufundiseni ngemali kwezombangazwe, ekulungiseni inzuzo yezezimali, nasendimeni kokukhanya kwentando yeningi.

Izakhamuzi zingacela namakhophi emibiko ngokuqondile evela ku-FEC noma zifaka isikhalo uma zisola ukuthi i-PAC ihlulekile ukubika ngokunembile. Inqubo yokuphoqelela ukugcinwa kwe-FEC ihlanganisa ukuphenywa kwemali, futhi uma kufaneleka, ihlawulo noma amakhophi eMnyango wobulungisa. Lesi simiso sokuhlola nezilinganiso sincike ekuqapheni komphakathi.

Isiphetho

Ama-PAC angaxhunyiwe ayizimoto ezinamandla zokukhipha izimali zezombangazwe, kodwa ithonya lawo libonakala ngokulandisa kwawo. Ngokomthetho, kumelwe abhale imibiko eningiliziwe, imibiko yezikhathi ezithile eveza imithombo yezimali zawo kanye nezinjongo zokusebenzisa kwawo. Kusukela ekuqaleni ukubhaliswa konyaka kuya kunyaka nohlelo lwezimemezelo zezindleko ezinkulu ezizimele, i-FEC iqinisekisa ukuthi umphakathi ungalandela imali. Abafundisi, abafundi, nezakhamuzi ezibophelele, ukuqonda indlela yokufunda nokuchaza lemibiko kuyikhono elibucayi lokufunda nokuchaza ulwazi lomphakathi. Njengoba umkhankaso uyaqhubeka uguqula ngobuchwepheshe noshintsho olungokomthetho, isimiso sesimiso sezimiso somhlaba sihlala: ukukhanya kwelanga kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokubulala. Imininingwane ikhona. I-Diomini, abafundi, abafundi, nezakhamuzi, izakhamuzi, izakhamuzi, ukuyisebenzisa.