Ukuqonda indlela imithetho elawula ukuphila kwakho kwansuku zonke okuthinta ngayo ukuphila kwakho kwansuku zonke kubalulekile ekuqondiseni amalungelo nemithwalo yemfanelo elawula umphakathi wakho. Nakuba imithetho kahulumeni ibeka isisekelo esiqinile, imithetho edluliswa izishaya-mthetho zesifunda nemikhandlu yedolobha ngokuvamile inethonya eliqondile ekhaya lakho, esikoleni, emsebenzini, nasemphakathini. Kusukela ejubane elisemgwaqweni wakho ukuya ezifundweni ezifundwayo, lemithetho ibonisa izinto eziza kuqala nezindinganiso zendawo. Lesihloko sinikeza ukuqonda okuwusizo ezindleleni ezivamile ezibhekene nezimiso zendawo kuthonya ukuphila kwansuku zonke, sinikezele isiqondiso esicacile sabafundi, othisha, nezakhamuzi eziboshelwa izakhamuzi ngokufanayo.

Isisekelo: Isizathu Sokuba Umbuso Nemithetho Yendawo Kubaluleke

I-United States isebenza ngaphansi kwesimiso sikahulumeni, okusho amandla ahlanganyelwayo phakathi kukahulumeni wezwe nezifunda-zwe. IsiHlanzi seshumi sigcina wonke amagunya angaphathiswanga uhulumeni kahulumeni noma abantu. Lokhu kwakha imithetho ehlukene kakhulu engahlukahluka kakhulu ukusuka kwesinye isifundazwe kuya kwesinye. Imithetho yendawo (ngokuvamile ebizwa ngokuthi imithetho) ngokuvamile ikhuluma ngezinkathazo ezisheshayo: ukuhlanganisa, umsindo, ukupaka imoto, nezindawo zokupaka. Imithetho yoMbuso, isho, ukusingatha izindaba ezibanzi njengemithetho yezezezezempathili, izindinganiso zemfundo, nomthetho womkhaya. Ngenxa yokuthi lemithetho iseduze nekhaya, ngokuvamile ilula ukuthonya ngokuvota, ukuhlangana kwezindawo, noma ukusebenza emabhodini ezindawo zendawo.

Imfundo: Imithetho Engaphakathi Ekilasini

Imfundo ingenye yezindawo ezigcwele kakhulu zendawo. Nakuba kuneziqondiso zikahulumeni ezibanzi (isib., Isihloko IX sobulili), izishaya-mthetho zesifundazwe namabhodi esikole enza izinqumo eziyinhloko.

Ukukhokha Intela Yesikole Nempahla

Imithetho kahulumeni inquma indlela yokusakaza izimali zemfundo. Izifunda eziningi zendawo zithembele kakhulu ezintelani zempahla, okusho ukuthi imiphakathi ecebile ingasebenzisa imali eningi kumfundi ngamunye. Lokhu kuhluka kuye kwaholela enkantolo emazweni anjenge Texas neCalifornia, lapho izinkantolo ziye zayala khona izimiso zezimali ezilinganayo. Ukuqonda imizamo yakho yentela yendawo kanye nokulingana kwezindawo kusiza ekuchazeni ukuthi kungani amazinga emali ehlukene kakhulu phakathi kwezifunda ezingomakhelwane.

Izindinganiso Zokufundisa Nezokwaneliswa

Iminyango yemfundo yoMbuso imisa izindinganiso ezingokomthetho zezifundo ezisezihlokweni ezifana nezibalo, umlando, nesayensi. Nokho, amabhodi ezikole asendaweni avame ukuzikhethela izincwadi, izinto zokwenezela, futhi athole ukuthi izihloko ezifana nokuziphendukela kwemvelo, ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, noma imfundo yobulili zifundiswa kanjani. Izimpikiswano zamuva ngemfundiso yezinhlanga egxekayo ne-LGBTQ + ezihlanganisa izinto eziqokomisa indlela imithetho yendawo nezinqumo ezihlanganisa ngayo amakilasi.

Ukugunyazwa Kwabafundisi Nezimfuneko

I-Asmessates ifuna othisha ukuba bagcine izincwadi ezithile ezibhaliwe, ezingashintsha uma uthisha enqamula imigqa kahulumeni. Ezinye izifundazwe zinezindlela zophawulo ezihlukile zabashintshi bemisebenzi, kuyilapho ezinye zinezimfuneko eziqinile. Izifunda zesikole zendawo zinganezela ezazo izimfuneko zokuqasha, njengokuqashwa ngezindlela ezimbili noma ulwazi olukhethekile. Lezi zici zithinta izinga nezinhlobonhlobo zezisebenzi zokufundisa ezikhona kubafundi.

Amalungelo Abafundi Nesiyalo

Izimiso zendawo zilawula imithetho yokugqoka, ukusebenzisa umakhalekhukhwini, nezinqubo zokuyala. Ezinye izifundazwe ziye zadlulisa "imithetho ephephile yasesikoleni" edinga ukuqashwa kwensimbi noma izikhulu zemishini ehlomile, kuyilapho izifunda zendawo zingakhetha ukuthi ziphoqelelwe kangakanani. Izimiso zezero-toler zezikhali noma izidakamizwa zisungulwa ngokwezinga likahulumeni kodwa zisetshenziswa futhi zikhuliswe futhi zikhuliswe njalo yimithetho yendawo nemithetho yendawo.

Ukulungisa Izindlu Nezindlu: Lapho Uhlala Khona

Imithetho yendawo elawula indawo inquma ukuthi kungakhiwaphi, kuthonye ngokuqondile ubuntu bomakhelwane, ukukwazi ukukhokhela indawo yokuhlala, ngisho nokuhamba kwakho.

Izigodi Zomkhaya Owodwa Nesixinene

Amadolobha amaningi agunyaza ukuba izindawo ezithile zibe namakhaya omkhaya owodwa, zivimbele ngokuphumelelayo izindlu, amagumbi okuhlala, noma izikhungo zokuthatha indawo. Lemithetho iye yagxekwa ngokunciphisa izakhiwo zezindlu nokuqhubekisela phambili indawo yokuhlala. Ngokuphendula, izifunda ezifana ne-Oregon ne California ziye zamisa imithetho yokususa i-oregon, ukuvala izithuba zomkhaya owodwa wendawo, ukuvumela ukuphakama okukhulu cishe kusondele ekuhanjweni.

Imithetho Yokwakha Nokulondeka

Imithetho yokwakha yendawo nemithetho yokwakha ihlela izindinganiso zokwakha, ukuqamba ugesi, amapayipi, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamandla. Ngemva kwezinhlekelele zemvelo ezinjengeziphepho noma imlilo, ohulumeni bendawo bavame ukusebenzisa imithetho eqinile. Lemithetho ithinta yonke into kusukela emalini yekhaya elisha kuya ekuphepheni kwegumbi lenu lokuqasha elikhona. Ama-Renter kufanele aqaphele imithetho yendawo elawula ukuhlalisana — njengokushisa, amanzi, nokulawula izilo — kanye nendlela yokukhononda lapho abaninizo bephula umthetho.

Ama - rhental Afushane Ne - Nuisance Ordinances

Amadolobha amaningi manje anemithetho elawula i-Airbnb ne-Vrboal, edinga imvume, imingcele yokuhlala, noma ukuhlala kumnini-khaya. Imithetho ye-Noise, izimiso ze-transport, ngisho nombala ongadweba indlu yakho konke kulawulwa idolobha lendawo noma imingcele yesifunda. Ukuphula umthetho kungaholela ekukhokheleni noma esenzweni esingokomthetho, ngakho ukuqonda lemithetho kubalulekile kubanikazi nakwabaqashi ngokufanayo.

Ukuphepha Komphakathi: Imithetho Evikela (noma Ehlasimulisayo) Wena

Imithetho yoMbuso neyasendaweni yamisa imithetho yomgwaqo, amaphoyisa, kanye nemisebenzi yezinkonzo eziphuthumayo.

Imithetho Yezimoto Nokulawula Indawo

Nakuba imithetho yezimoto eyisisekelo ifana kahle, imithetho yendawo ibeke isilinganiso sesivinini emigwaqweni ehlala abantu, imingcele yokupaka izimoto, nesithiyo “akukho ukujika” ezifundeni. Amadolobha amaningi anekhamera ebomvu noma amakhamera esivinini, agunyazwe umthetho kahulumeni kodwa afakwe endaweni. Imali yemoto namaphuzu kungathinta amazinga omshuwalense wakho namalungelo okushayela. Ezinye izindawo zinemithetho emelene“ nokuhamba ngengozi” noma ukuhamba ngejay okungase kubonakale kuncane kodwa kungathwala izinkokhelo.

Ukuphatha Umphakathi Ngemithetho

Imithetho kahulumeni imisa imithetho yokuqeqesha kwamaphoyisa nemithetho yokuthembisana. Imithetho yendawo yenza amabhodi okuhlola abantu, ilawula ukusebenzisa izinqubo zokuphoqelela, futhi inqume ukuthi amaphoyisa angasebenzisa nini izimvume zokuvaleka noma ukungasebenzisi i-knock. Eminyakeni yamuva, amadolobha amaningi aye amisa “icebo lokungenela” imithetho efuna ukuba abaphathi bavimbele abantu abasebenza nabo ekusebenziseni amandla adlulele. Lemithetho ithinta ngokuqondile indlela amaphoyisa enza ngayo endaweni yakini.

Ukulungiselela Ngokuphuthumayo

Ohulumeni bendawo balawula izindlela zokubalekela, izikhungo zeziphepho, kanye nezindawo zokuxwayisa ngesimo esiphuthumayo. Imithetho yoMbuso inikeza imithetho yokwakha ukuze uxhase ukuzamazama komhlaba noma ulwelwe isiphepho. Ngemva kwenhlekelele, imithetho yendawo ilawula ukuthi ungayakha kabusha yini, ukuthi iziphi imvume ezidingekayo, nokuthi i-FEMA isakazwa kanjani. Ukwazi ingosi yehhovisi lakho elilawula isimo esiphuthumayo kungaba isivikelo esisindisa ukuphila.

Utshwala Nezinga Lotshwala

Imithetho yoMbuso ilawula ukuthengiswa kotshwala ne-cannabis, kodwa “imithetho elawulayo” yendawo yenza ukuba izifunda namadolobha anqume ukuthi angavumela yini ukuthengwa. “Izindawo ze-D. Zisekhona nakweminye imibuso. Imithetho yendawo ihlela amahora okuthengiswa, ukudayiswa, ukugcinwa kwezindawo zokudlela, nemithetho yokufaka izimpahla ezivulekile. Ngisho nasezizweni lapho i-cannabis isemthethweni, indawo yendawo ingavala ngokuphumelelayo ukuthengiswa kwezindawo emsebenzini.

Imithetho Engokwempilo Nokulondeka

Iminyango yezempilo yoMbuso neyasendaweni imisa imithetho eminingi ehlukahlukene ethinta imikhuba yakho yansuku zonke, kusukela emanzini owaphuzayo kuya ekudleni okudlayo.

Ukuhlola Izitolo Zokudlela Nokuphepha Kokudla

Abahloli bezempilo bendawo bavakashela izindawo zokudlela, amakhafe, namaloli okudla ukuze bahlole ukuthi kuhlanzekile yini, kugcinwe ukudla okufanele, futhi kuvinjelwe izilokazane. Imiphumela yabo ivame ukufakwa kuyi - Internet noma emnyango.

Ukugonywa Kwemithi Nempilo Yomphakathi Kuyaphela

Imithetho yoMbuso inquma ukuthi imiphi imijovo edingekayo ukuze umuntu angene esikoleni, eminye ivumela ukunqatshelwa kwefilosofi kanye neminye yezokwelapha kuphela.

Ukuphepha Emsebenzini Nezisebenzi

Izinhlangano zokuphepha ezisebenza emsebenzini kahulumeni (njenge-Cal/OSHA) ziphoqelela ukuba kubekwe imithetho kukho konke kusukela ekuvikelekeni kwaleli kuya ekuchayekeni kwamakhemikhali anobuthi. Lemithetho ivame ukwedlula izindinganiso zikahulumeni. Imithetho yenkokhelo yezisebenzi zikahulumeni ithinta izinzuzo ozitholayo uma ulimele emsebenzini. Imithetho yendawo inganezela isivikelo esengeziwe, njengemithetho yokuphepha yokushisa izisebenzi ezingaphandle phakathi ne-itwaves.

Imithetho Yendawo Ezungezile: Isinyathelo Sendawo Ngezindaba Zembulunga Yonke

Ngokuvamile imibuso nohulumeni bendawo bayindawo yokuhlola imithetho yendawo ezungezile.

Izikhwama Ezisansimbi Nezinto Ezisetshenziswa Kanye

Amakhulu ohulumeni bendawo avimbele noma akhokhe intela yezikhwama zepulasitiki, izitsha zotshani, nezitsha ezinamagwebu. Ngezinye izikhathi imithetho yoMbuso ivala ukuvinjelwa okunjalo, idala umsebenzi oyisiziba. Ukuqonda imithetho yendawo yakho kukusiza ukuba ugweme ifa futhi uhlanganyele emizamweni eqinile.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwezwe Nokulondolozwa Kwalo

Izimiso zendawo zingadinga ukutshala kabusha izihlahla lapho wakhela ingxube. Izinhlangano zendawo zilawula ukukhishwa kwamanzi, ukwelashwa ngamanzi angcolile, nokusetshenziswa kwezibulala zinambuzane. Amanye amadolobha ahlela “ihlathi lase-urban” elivikela imithi evuthiwe ezindaweni zawo.

Ukusebenza Kakhulu Kwamandla Nokwakha Uhlaza

Izifunda namadolobha amaningi ziye zathatha izikhombi zamandla aqinile ezidinga ama-soplace awenziwe ngelanga, amafasitela asebenzayo, noma izimoto zikagesi ezifuna iziteshi ezintsha zokwakha. Ezinye izifunda zendawo zinikeza izikhala zemishini esebenzisa amandla kagesi. Lemithetho inganciphisa izindleko zakho zokusebenza kodwa futhi ithinte izindleko zokulungisa.

Ibhizinisi Nemisebenzi: Amalungelo Emisebenzi

Imithetho kahulumeni neyasendaweni ithinta ngokuqondile isheke leholo lakho, isikhathi sokuphumula, nokulondeka komsebenzi.

Usizi Oluncane Nesikhala Esibi

Nakuba iholo eliphansi likahulumeni lingu $7,25, amazwe amaningi namadolobha aye azibekela amazinga awo aphakeme (isinye, iSeattle ngehora elingaphezu kukaR1,50). Eminye imithetho yendawo idinga ikhefu lokugula, ikhefu lomkhaya elikhokhwayo, noma uhlelo lokuhlela izisebenzi ngehora. Abanikazi bamabhizinisi amancane kumelwe basebenzise lezi zimfuneko ngokucophelela ukuze bagweme izijeziso.

Izivumelwano Ezingaqondile Nezinhlelo Zezisebenzi

Imithetho kahulumeni iyahluka ngokuphoqelelwa kwemishwana engahlangani. ECalifornia, i-odockene kakhulu, kanti ezinye izifundazwe ziyivumela ukuba ibekwe imingcele. Ngokufanayo, i-“grigic" imithetho (njenge-Pp 22 eCalifornia) ichaza ukuthi abashayeli bayizisebenzi noma bayizisebenzi ezizimele, ithinta izinzuzo nesivikelo sezisebenzi.

Ukugunyazwa Kwebhizinisi Nemithetho

Uhulumeni ngamunye wendawo unenqubo yakhe siqu yezincwadi zebhizinisi, imvume, ukuhlola, nemithetho yokusayina. Abasebenzi bebhizinisi lasekhaya badinga imvume ekhethekile uma amakhasimende evakasha noma uma ibhizinisi lidala umsindo noma izimoto. Lemithetho ingaba yinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ukuqonda ukuthi isihluthulelo sokuqala nokuqhuba ibhizinisi elivumelana nemithetho.

Intela Nemali Ekhokhwayo: Izindleko Zokubusa Kwendawo

Isheke lemali oyitholayo nempahla oyithengayo kumiswa imithetho kahulumeni nentela yendawo.

Ukuthengisa Intela Nentela Ephansi

Izifundazwe eziningi ziphonsa intela yokuthengisa, futhi ohulumeni bendawo bavame ukunezela eyazo iphezulu. Yingakho ingqikithi yentela yentela ingahluka phakathi kwamadolobha angomakhelwane, cishe, amaphesenti angu-8,25 kwenye indawo kanti amaphesenti angu-10,25 kwenye. Amanye amadolobha alungiselela ukudla, ukuhlala ehhotela, noma izikhungo zokukhokhela ukuvakasha nezakhiwo.

Ukuhlolwa Kwentela Yempahla

Abahloli bendawo banquma inani lekhaya lakho, elithinta ngokuqondile intela yempahla yakho. Imithetho yoMbuso ibeka imithetho yokuhlola isilinganiso semali ethathwayo, ukukhulula abantu abadala noma abangomakad ’ ebona, nendlela intela ehlukaniswa ngayo phakathi kwezikole, imigwaqo, nemitapo. Ukuqonda inqubo yokuhlola kungakusiza ukuba ukhange uma ukholelwa ukuthi izinga lakho liphakeme kakhulu.

Imali Etholakalayo Nentela Endaweni

Izifunda ezimbalwa azikho intela yemali, kanti ezinye zinenani eliqhubekekayo. Amanye amadolobha (njenge-New York, i-Denver, ne-Philadelphia) anemali yawo siqu yendawo noma intela yokukhokha. Lokhu kuthinta iholo lakho lokuthatha ikhaya futhi kungase kudinge amafagilamu ahlukene. Ukwazi amazinga entela yendawo yakho kubalulekile ekuhleleni imali.

Ukwenza Izwi Lakho Lizwiwe: Ukuhlanganyela Kwe - cobic

Indlela eqondile yokuthonya imithetho kahulumeni neyomphakathi iwukuhlanganyela. Yiba khona emihlanganweni yesikole, ukuqulwa kwezindaba zomkhandlu wedolobha, noma iziqeshana zesifundazwe. Eziningi manje zigcwele kuyi-intanethi. Ungathintana nomphathi-mthetho wemithetho kazwe noma ummeleli wendawo ngezindleko ezibalulekile kuwe. Ukuqonda inqubo yemithetho esendaweni yesifundazwe. [1] Ukuzwa, ukuhlinzwa, kanye namavoti, kukusiza ukuba ulwe ngokuphumelelayo.

Ukuze uthole ukuthi yini ebaluleke kangakanani, cabanga ngalezi zindlela:

Isiphetho

Imithetho yombuso neyasendaweni akuyona imiqondo engaqondakali; ayimithetho elawula indlela ohamba ngayo, imfundo yengane yakho, ukuvuselelwa kwekhaya lakho, indawo osebenza kuyo, ngisho nemisebenzi yakho yampelasonto. Ngokuqonda indlela lemithetho enziwa ngayo, iphoqelelwe, futhi ishintshwe ngayo, uzinika amandla okuvumelana nayo (noma ukusekela ushintsho lapho ihluleka. Qala ukunaka izindaba zendawo, ukuya emhlanganweni womphakathi, noma ukubheka imithetho yakho yendawo nge-ingosi. Uma wazi kangcono i-geomsture ezungeze indawo yakho, uhlonyiswe kangcono ukuba uyiqondise.