Ukuqonda Isinqumo Sengxabano Esimisweni Esingokomthetho

Izingxabano ziyingxenye engenakugwenywa yemibuthano yomuntu, ukuvela ebuhlotsheni bomuntu siqu, ezentengiselwano, umsebenzi, nezindaba zomphakathi. Isimiso somthetho sinikeza izindlela ezihleliwe zokuxazulula lezingxabano, ngokuhlanganisa nokuzimisa njengezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko. Indlela ngayinye inikeza izindlela ezihlukene, izindleko, izintambo, nemiphumela. Ukukhetha indlela elungile kudinga ukuqonda ngokucacile indlela abasebenza ngayo, lapho befaneleka, futhi lokho okufunwa yileyo naleyo miba ehilelekile. Lesihloko sinikeza ukuqhathanisa okungaguquguquki ngokuqhathaniswa okungaguquguquki kwemizwa ne-paligi, ukuhlola izinqubo zabo, izinzuzo, iziphakamiso, iziphazamiso, nezingcingo ezisebenzayo ukuze usizwe wenze isinqumo esinengqondo.

Kuyini Ukuxoxisana?

I-media iyinqubo yokuzithandela, eyimfihlo lapho umlamuleli wesithathu engathathi hlangothi, − umlamuleli qhaza ophikisanayo ekuxhumaneni, ukuxoxa, futhi ekugcineni afinyelele isivumelwano esamukelekayo. Ngokungafani nomahluleli noma ummeli, umlamuleli akaphoqeleli sinqumo. Kunalokho, umlamuleli usiza ekuxazululeni izimpikiswano, acacise izikhambi ezigcwalisa izithakazelo zabo bonke abahilelekile. Ukuxhumana kusetshenziswa kakhulu emthethweni womkhaya, izingxabano zebhizinisi, izingxabano zomninindlu, ngisho nezindaba zobugebengu (ezifana nokubuyisana kwezisulu).

Izimpawu Zokuhlaziya

  • Ukuthatha Ingxenye: Wonke amaqembu kumelwe avume ukungena e-media futhi angahoxa noma nini. Akekho ophoqelelwa ukuba ahlale.
  • Ukuzifihla:[ Izingxoxo, izithembiso, nezinkulumo ezenziwa phakathi nokukhipha isigwebo ngokuvamile azikho enkantolo, zikhuthaza ukukhulumisana okukhululekile nokuqotho.
  • [[UMTL:0] Ingxenye yokulawula Phezulu: Amaqembu, hhayi umlamuleli, anquma imibandela yanoma iyiphi indawo. Umlamuleli akanakuphoqelela isivumelwano.
  • [[UMTH: 0] Inqubo evumelanayo nevumelanayo: Iziqephu zokulungisa ziqhutshelwa ngasese, ngokuvamile eduze kwetafula kunokuba kube yinkantolo. Izinhlelo zingavumelana nempikiswano ethile.
  • [[UMTL:0] I-Non-Adversarial Approach: Igxile ekuxhumaneni nasekuxazululeni inkinga, hhayi ekuwini noma ekulahlekeni.

Indlela Ukuxhumana Okusebenza Ngayo

Inqubo yokulungisa ilandela uchungechunge oluhlelwe kahle lwezinyathelo. Okokuqala, umlamuleli wenza inkulumo yokuqala echaza inqubo nemithetho eyisisekelo. Khona - ke ngamunye uveza umbono wakhe ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Umlamuleli angase ahlangane nabo bonke abahlangene futhi asebenzise izinhlelo zokuhlola izithakazelo ngasese. Ngemva kokuthola indawo eyodwa namacebo angenzeka, umlamuleli uqondisa amaqembu ekubhaleni isivumelwano sendawo ethile. Uma isivumelwano sifinyelelwa, sibhalwa futhi sasayinwa; singaba isibopho esingokomthetho uma amaqembu ekhetha. Uma kungekho sivumelwano esifinyelelwayo, ukuphikisana kungaqhubekela ekuchazeni izivumelwano noma ezinye izindlela.

Izindlela Ezivamile Zokuveza Inkinga

  • [[[QUT:0] Isici esithathelwanayo: Umlamuleli ugxila ekuxhumaneni nasekuxoxisaneni ngaphandle kokunikeza imibono noma iziphakamiso.
  • I-aluvedition: Umlamuleli angahlola amandla nobuthakathaka bendaba yohlangothi ngalunye futhi asikisele imiphumela engenzeka, efana nengqungquthela yezindawo.
  • Ukuguqula: Umgomo uwukunika iziphathi amandla nokuthuthukisa ubuhlobo bazo, ngokuvamile obusetshenziswa ezingxabanweni phakathi kwabantu.
  • `Narrative tradition': Umlamuleli usiza ekulungiseni kabusha indaba yempi ukuze athole amathuba amasha okuxazulula.

Kuyini Ukuqamba Amanga?

Ukuqamba amanga kuyinqubo engokomthetho yokuxazulula impikiswano ngesimiso senkantolo. Kuhilela ukuqupha amacala, ukunikeza ubufakazi (icala), nokuveza izimpikiswano phambi komahluleli noma amajaji, abe esenikeza isinqumo esibophekayo. Ukuqamba isigwebo kulawulwa ngemithetho eqinile (njenge-Federal Rules of Civil Procedure) nezindinganiso ezisobala. Kuyinqubo engcono uma ezinye izindlela zihluleka noma lapho kudingeka inqubo yokubopha noma ikhambiso elingokomthetho.

Izimpawu Zokuqamba Amanga

  • I-Formal ne-Autriarial: Litig ilandela izinqubo eziqinile, futhi amaqembu aphikisayo. Inkantolo ilawula isikhathi nenqubo.
  • Irekhodi lePublic: Izikhombi, iziqulo, nokuqulwa kwecala kuvuleka emphakathini, ngaphandle kokuba kufakwe uphawu ngezizathu ezithile.
  • Isinqumo sokufaka: Umahluleli noma amajaji akhipha isahlulelo sokugcina esiphoqelelwa ngokomthetho. Izikhalo zingatholakala.
  • [[I-FLT:0] Ukumelelwa kwe-ligeta kuyadingeka: Nakuba amaqembu engazimelela (pro se), ubunkimbinkimbi bokuchaza budinga abameli abanolwazi njalo.
  • Izentengo zentengo nolibaziseko: Icala libiza futhi liyacotha, uma kuthatha izinyanga noma iminyaka ukulixazulula.

Izingxenye Zokumangalelwa

Inqubo yokuziphendulela iqala ngezigaba. Iqala ngesigaba sokufaka i-pat, i- ifaka i-quader, lapho i-patff isola khona nommangalelwa. Okulandelayo kuza [[ ukufihla[, ukushintshisana kwemibhalo, ukuphehlwa kwezicelo, izicelo zokuvuma. [FTB], izicelo zokuthola, amafayela [[FLT:]] ama-mothroot [[FLT:] [ii] [eg., ukunyakaza kokwahlulela okufingqiwe)]. Uma icala lingacishiyiwe noma libekwa [FT:] [FT] [FT] [FT] [5], futhi kunikezwa ubufakazi, i-Postst: [5] phambi kwezemist org /irst org /ist] Izimomestrulements, noma ngemva kwezezindaba eziningi zezezindaba ezilandelayohlulo.]

Lapho Kuvame Ukunyenyeliswa

  • Ukufuna ukulimala komuntu siqu
  • Izingxabano zesivumelwano sezentengiselwano ezihilela izimali ezinkulu
  • Izindaba zomthetho womkhaya lapho kuphikiswa khona ngokuphepha noma ngokuwinwa kwezingane
  • Izenzo zaleli kilasi namacala adinga inqubo engokomthetho
  • Izindaba zamalungelo oMthetho - sisekelo noma ezakhamuzi

Ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwe-Depth

Nakuba kokubili ukuxhumana nokuxazulula izingxabano kunenjongo yokuxazulula izingxabano, zihluka kakhulu kuyifilosofi, inqubo, nomphumela. Ukukhetha phakathi kwazo kungathinta kakhulu inhlalakahle yamalungu emali, engokomzwelo, neyobungane.

Ukuqhathanisa Kubiza

Ukukhipha i-media ngokuvamile akubizi kakhulu kunemali ethatha ihora. Abaya emicimbini bahlanganyela imali yomlamuleli, ehlukahluka ngobuchwepheshe nendawo kodwa ngokuvamile isukela ku-R120 kuya ku-R9 500 ngehora. Amamedi amaningi aphetha ngengxenye eyodwa kuya kwezintathu. Ngokungafani, i-ligigate ihlanganisa izindleko zenkantolo, amanani alinganayo ngehora (avamile $300/1 000 (R1 000) ngehora), ofakazi abanolwazi, izindleko zokufaka imali, kanye nokuzama. Icala le-ligijijikitha lingabiza amashumi noma amakhulu ezinkulungwane zezigidi zemali, ikakhulukazi uma liya enkantolo. Ngokusho i-American Bar Association, intengo ye-media yecala lomphakathi ingadlula i-R160 000 ngehora.

Ukuphumelela Kwesikhathi

Ukulungisa kungahlelwa phakathi namasonto futhi kuxazululwe phakathi namahora noma izinsuku. I-meterline iqhutshwa ukutholakala kwamaqembu kanye nobunkimbinkimbi bezimpikiswano. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Litig ihamba ngejubane lenkantolo. Ukusukela ekuhleleni ukuya ekuqulweni icala, icala lomphakathi ngokuvamile lithatha izinyanga eziyi 12 kuya kwezingu-24, futhi ukunxusa kunganezela iminyaka. Izimfuneko zeNkantolo ziminyene, futhi izimfuneko ze-procedtura zibangela ukulibala. Kubantu abadinga isinqumo esisheshayo, ukuphenya cishe njalo.

Lawula Nemiphumela

Kuzo zonke izimpikiswano, iyakwazi ukulawula umphumela. Bangakha izixazululo ezingagunyazi ukuhlelwa yinkantolo, njengokuxolisa, ukukhokha izimali, noma ilungiselelo lebhizinisi lesikhathi esizayo. Uma bengenakuvumelana, impikiswano ayiphenduliwe, kodwa abalahlekelwanga malungelo. Ekuhlobiseni, isinqumo sibekwa amalungu esithathu. Umphumela ungowokubili (umsindo) futhi ngeke ukhulume ngezithakazelo ezingaphansi kwe-asemqoka. Uma ijaji alikwazi ukuyala amaqembu ukuba avumelane noma aklame ikhambi elivamile elingaphezu kwemingcele ye-gatory.

Ukufihla imfihlo

Ukukhipha imvume kuyimfihlo ngokomthetho ezinhlangothini eziningi (umz., ngaphansi komthetho we-Uniform Mediation Act). Izinkulumo ezenziwa phakathi nokukhishwa kwezincwadi azinakusetshenziswa njengobufakazi enkantolo uma icala liqhubeka. Lokhu kukhuthaza ubuqiniso. Nokho, ukuqamba amanga kuyinqubo yomphakathi. Amaphepha enkantolo atholakala emphakathini nakubezindaba, angalimaza abantu abahilelekile ngokuphathelene nedumela noma izimfihlo zezohwebo. Nakuba amanye amacala evalelwe, ukutholakala kwaleli cala kuvumelana nokungena komphakathi.

Ithonya Ebuhlotsheni

Ukulungisa kuklanyelwe ukunciphisa ubutha futhi kugcine noma ngisho nokuthuthukisa ubuhlobo. Ngenxa yokuthi le nqubo ibambisana futhi ihloniphekile, izigigaba zivame ukushiya ngokukhulumisana okungcono nokuqonda. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezingxabanweni zomkhaya, ukusebenzelana kwezebhizinisi okuqhubekayo, noma izingxabano zomakhelwane. Uma kuqhathaniswa, ukuqamba amaphutha, kubangela ukuphikisana, ngokuvamile kuvuselela inzondo. Ukuhlola nokuthola okunonya kungaqeda ubuhlobo obungase bukhohlakazeke.

Ukuphoqelelwa Kwemiphumela

Isivumelwano sokuxazulula imishado somviwo ongumlamuleli siyisivumelwano. Uma umlamuleli ephula isivumelwano. Uma umkhandlu othile ephula umthetho, olunye uhlangothi kumelwe aye enkantolo ukuze aqikelele. Nokho, izifunda-zwe eziningi zivumela ukuba izivumelwano ezisemthethweni zingene njengezahlulelo ezivumelanayo, zizenze ziqikelelwe ngokuqondile. Isigwebo siphumele ekwahluleleni okuphoqelelwe ngokushesha ngezindlela ezisetshenziswayo njengokukhokhwa kweholo, ukuphanga impahla, noma ukuthumba impahla. Izingxabano lapho ukuphoqelelwa ngokushesha kugxeka, ukuphoqelelwa kungangcono.

Isikhathi Sokukhetha Ikhambi

Ukukhipha imvume ngokuvamile kuyisinyathelo sokuqala esingcono kakhulu, ngisho noma abantu bekholelwa ukuthi abavumelani. Kungcono kakhulu ngezimo ezilandelayo:

  • [ Ukulondoloza i-Relsap kubalulekile: Izindaba zomkhaya, ukuzalana, ukusebenzelana kwebhizinisi, noma abathengi besikhathi eside.
  • Amaparti afuna isinqumo esiyimfihlo: Ukugwema ukucubungula obala noma ukuvikela ukwaziswa okuyimfihlo.
  • [[NT.0] Imiphumela efunekayo: Amakhambi asenkantolo angafanelana nesimo (umz., iziqeshana ezihlelwe kahle, okungasho amagama anezimo ze-monetic).
  • [[I] isithiyo esingokomzwelo noma sokuxhumana sikhona: Umlamuleli angasiza ekudambiseni ukushukuma kwengxoxo futhi athuthukise ingxoxo.
  • Iqophelo kanye nesikhathi kuyizinto ezinkulu:[ Ukukhipha i-metal kushesha futhi kuncishise.
  • [ Bobabili bazimisele ukuxoxa ngokholo oluhle: ngisho noma beqala kude, ukuzwana kungathola isisekelo esivumelanayo.

Isikhathi Sokukhetha Ukuzitshela

Naphezu kwezinzuzo zokuncintisana, ukuphoqelelana kusedingekile noma kungcono ezimweni ezithile:

  • Omunye wenqaba ukuhlanganyela noma ukuzwana: Ukungenela kudinga ukungenela kokuzithandela; uma omunye engabambisani, ukuphenya kuwukuphela kwendlela yokukhetha.
  • Isibonelo esingokomthetho noma incazelo iyadingeka: Icala elihilela izindaba ezintsha zomthetho-mthetho, imibuzo engokomthetho-sisekelo, noma isidingo sokucacisa umthetho.
  • ukungalingani kwamandla kweqile: Ezimweni zobudlova basekhaya, ukukhwabanisa, noma ukuphoqelela, ukuxhumana kungangafaneleki ngoba iqembu elibuthakathaka alinakuxoxa ngokukhululekile.
  • [ Ukukhululeka okuphuthumayo kuyadingeka: Inkantolo kuphela engakhipha uhlelo lwesikhashana lokunqanda noma umyalo wokwandulela.
  • [ Omunye ufuna isijeziso noma ukuthola isikweleti: Ukuvala isigwebo akukwazi ukubeka isibopho; inkantolo kuphela engakwazi.
  • Impikiswano ihilela uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lomthetho: Ngokwesibonelo, ukumelana nothenjiswa, ulwazi, noma izenzo zesigaba kungadinga ukutholwa okuningiliziwe nokuhlaziywa okungokomthetho.

Izindlela Ezintekenteke Neziningi

Endleleni, ukuveza izigigaba nokukhipha isigwebo akuyona into ehlukile. Izinkantolo eziningi zifuna ukuba amaqembu azame ukuqulwa ngaphambi kokuqulwa kwecala (i-odolo-mediader). Amanye amasu angokomthetho ahlanganisa ukumangalela ukulwa ukuze kulondolozwe amalungelo ngesikhathi esifanayo kuqhubeke kulandelana. Uma ukudluliswa kwecala kuqhubeka, icala liyaqhubeka. Lokhu kuveza amaqembu ahlukene angcono kakhulu kuwo womabili amazwe: ithuba lokuxoxa ngaphandle kokukhipha ilungelo lawo lokuqulisa icala. Enye i-projectalism i-partment [[FLT: 0] i-artbartion [, efana nokuqulwa ngasese ngesinqumo, kodwa ingaphandle kwengxenye yalesi sihloko. Ngoba, bheka inqumo ehlukile, [FLT][FFoct: [2]

Izici Okufanele Zicatshangelwe Lapho Ukhetha Indlela

Ayikho indlela yokuxazulula ephikisanayo esebenzayo kuzo zonke izimo. Amaholide kufanele ahlole lezici ezilandelayo ngaphambi kokuba anqume:

Indlela Lempikiswano Eyiyo

Uma indaba eyinhloko iwukwephulwa okungokomthetho noma ukwephulwa kwesivumelwano lapho izingozi zisobala, ukuxabana kungase kube okuqondile.

Ukuvuma Kwamadili Ukuzitika

Uma omunye efuna ukuziphindiselela, engenangqondo, noma engazimisele ukuhlehla, ukuxoxisana cishe kuyohluleka. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukuqulisa icala nokuphoqelela ukutholakala kungadingeka.

Imithombo Yezimali

Litigation is expensive. Parties with limited resources may find mediation the only viable option. Even if mediation fails, the attempt is often far cheaper than going to trial.

Imiphumela Efiselekayo

Cabangela ukuthi i- “win” injani. Ingabe intethelelo yemali, ukuxolisa, ukushintsha ukuziphatha, noma ukumiswa kwamalungelo? I-Mediation inganikeza amakhambi okwakha; i-ligigation inikeza amakhambi angokomthetho achazwa ngemithetho.

Imigomo Yobuhlobo Ehlala Isikhathi Eside

Kumabhizinisi aqhubekayo, amalungiselelo okukhulisana, noma ubuhlobo bomkhaya, cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi kungcono ukuhlangana. Ukubopha kungaphazamisa noma kunqamule izibopho unomphela.

Indima Yezinhlayiya Ezikhangayo

Kuyi-media, abameli bangaluleka amakhasimende phakathi nenqubo, kodwa ngokuvamile abawakhulumeli; abagxambukelayo bakhuluma ngokuqondile. Ekuchazeni, abameli babalulekile ekulandeleni imithetho ye-procedroduction, ukuthatha imithetho yokuhlela, nokunikeza ubufakazi. Ngisho nasememezelweni yezindaba, ukubuza ummeli kusengaphambili ukuze aqonde amalungelo akho kanye nokukhetha komthetho kuwukuhlakanipha. Ukuhlanganisa izimpikiswano eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukwenza ummeli afake isivumelwano sesivumelwano sesivumelwano sendawo kuqinisekisa ukugcinwa.

Amacebiso Awusizo Okukhetha Izindaba

  • Qiniseka ukuthi bobabili bayatshelwa futhi bayayijabulela lenqubo.
  • Khetha umlamuleli onolwazi olunezihloko (umzk., umkhaya, ibhizinisi, indawo).
  • Lungiselela ngokubhala izinto ozithandayo, hhayi nje izikhundla.
  • Hlala uvulekile engqondweni; umgomo uyisinqumo, hhayi ukunqoba.
  • Uma isivumelwano sifinyelelwa, siphimisela ngeseluleko esizimele.

Amacebiso Awusizo Okukhetha Inkulumo Eyimfihlo

  • Iseluleko sikaRetain esinokuhlangenwe nakho sisencane; ukuhlaziya indaba kwasekuqaleni kungalondoloza imali.
  • Gcina zonke izincwadi nobufakazi obufanele ngokushesha.
  • Kulungele ukucindezeleka nokuzibophezela ngesikhathi.
  • Cabangela ukuhlaziya okubizayo: ngisho noma ungawina, ingabe ukwahlulela kuyoqoqwa?
  • Ukuzinza lapho uhlola; amacala amaningi ahlala ngaphambi kokuqulwa kwecala.

Imisebenzi Yesakhelo Engokomthetho Esekela Ukuquliswa Kweziqu

Ama-gundane amaningi anemithetho ekhuthaza ukumiswa kwemithetho, njenge-Uniform Mediation Act (ebekwe ezifundeni eziningi). Izinkantolo zivame ukudinga ukuba kube nezigigaba ngaphambi kokwenza uhlelo lwecala, ikakhulukazi ezicabeni zomkhaya nezezakhamuzi. Izinhlangano ze-Federal njenge-Uncial Obroughption Commission (EOC) zinikeza izinhlelo zokulungisa isimo. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olungaphezulu, bheka i-American Arbitration Association[ kanye ne--Melikan Medication Board Mediation

Ikusasa Lesinqumo Sengxabano

Ukuthambekela kwezemthetho kusemqoka futhi kusebenza kahle. I-Onlinemedition platments (ODR) iyakhula, yenza ukuba ukuqulwa kwezindaba kutholakale kakhulu. Izinkantolo zisebenzisa kakhulu “izinkantolo zasendlini” ezinikeza izinketho eziningi zesinqumo. Njengoba izindleko ezingokomthetho zinyuka, amabhizinisi amaningi nabantu ngabanye baphendukela ekufuneni ukubuyiselwa umnyango njengendlela yokuqala. Nokho, ukubhalisa kuyohlala kunendawo yamacawa adinga ukulandisa komphakathi, ukucacisa okungokomthetho, noma ukugcinwa kwemithetho esemthethweni.

Isiphetho

Ukuhlanganisa nokufaka imvume kufeza izidingo ezihlukene phakathi kwesimiso somthetho. I-Media inikeza izindleko ezivumelanayo, nendlela yangasese yokuxazulula izingxabano kuyilapho ilondoloza ubuhlobo. I-Litig inikeza inqubo engokomthetho, ebophayo, nekwazi ukugcinwa lapho ezinye izindlela zihluleka noma lapho amalungelo angokomthetho efuna ukulwelwa. Indlela engcono ixhomeke ezimweni ezithile zempikiswano ngayinye. Ezimweni eziningi, ukuzama ukuxhumana kuqala kuyinqubo ehlakaniphile, ngokufaka i-ligic egciniwe njengendlela edingekayo. Ngokuqonda amandla nezilinganiselwa zendlela ngayinye, amaqembu angenza izinqumo ezihlelekile ezihambisana nemigomo yawo, imithombo, izinkozo nezindinganiso.

[[QULT:0] ukuze ufunde ngokwengeziwe, bheka [ U.S.U. uMnyango woMahluleli[ isiqondiso sesinqumo esihlukile sempikiswano, noma vakashela i-encyclopedia engokomthetho [ ye-Nolo [ ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe.[