Ukuqonda Inkulumo Engaxhunyiwe

I-Political Action Committee (PACs) engaxhaswe inhlangano, inyunyana yezisebenzi, inhlangano yezohwebo, noma inhlangano yamalungu ihlukaniswa njenge-PACs. La makomiti aphakamisa izimali ngokuzithandela kubantu ngabanye futhi angase amukele iminikelo evela kwezinye i-PACs. Ngokungafani ne-PACs, engacela kuphela isigaba sawo esivinjelweyo (umz., izisebenzi, amalungu enyunyana, amalungu ehlangene), angahloniselwa kunoma yimuphi umuntu. Lezimali ezibanzi zingeza ngemithetho eqinile yezibopho zokulawula ngaphansi kwe-Federa Ecom Act (FC) Act, i-octive noma ukuhlanganisa i-PaC ifuna ukunamathela ngokucophelela kwe-Foccommentosertion Comment (EC), njengemithetho esebenzayo. Imithetho engokomthetho yokulungisa inqubo ye-octivestion, izikhulu ze-Activement, izikhulu zezentengiselwa ngentengiselwayo.

Izikhulu Ezibusayo Ezisebenza Ngomthetho Ziyasichitha Isihlengo Nezihlangene

I-FEC iyindikimba eyinhloko elawulayo ye-PACs kahulumeni. Izimiso zayo (ingxenye ye-CFR 102) zihlela izimfuneko zokuqeda, ukuhlanganisa, nokudlulisa izimali. Inhlangano ifuna ukuba zonke izikweletu zithathe umhlalaphansi, zonke imibiko yezimali igcinwe, futhi noma iziphi izimali ezisele zikhishwe ngokuvumelana nemingcele yeminikelo nemithetho esemthethweni. Ama-PAC angehlangeneyo aqashelwa njengezinhlangano zentela ngaphansi kwesigaba 577 ze-Indali ye-INguquko yezwe, i-IRS isebenza ngokukhutshwa kwemiqathango yentela nemithetho engokomthetho egunyaziwe, futhi i-inqunyiwe kakhulu ngemithetho ye-Hluntengo yokugcina 8872. Izwe lase-C kumelwe lilandele izimfuneko ezifanayo ngaphansi kwe-nkampanelo yokhetho yombuso. INhlangano ye-HuviyoMnyango ye-Hulumente engokomthetho engokomthetho nezimiso ezivamile nezimiso zikahulumeni ezisemthethweni.

Izinyathelo Zokuncibilikisa I - PAC Engaxhunyiwe

Ukungaxazululi, okubizwa nangokuthi ukunqanyulwa, yinqubo engokomthetho yokuyeka yonke imisebenzi yezombangazwe nokuvala ikomiti. I-FEC ilindele ukuba i-PAC iphele kuphela ngemva kokuba ingenazo izikweleti noma izibopho ezivelele futhi igcine yonke imibiko edingekayo. Izinyathelo ezilandelayo ziveza inqubo efanele.

Yeka Konke Ukuchitha Imali Nomsebenzi Wezombangazwe

Ngaphambi kokuba i-PAC iqale ukudilizwa, kumelwe iyeke ukwamukela iminikelo, ukwenza izindleko, nokuqhuba noma yimuphi umsebenzi wezombangazwe. Ikomiti kufanele yazise abanikelayo nabathengisi ukuthi iphokophele phansi. Isinqumo esivela endikimbeni ebusayo yekomiti (umz., ibhodi yabaqondisi noma ikomiti eqondisayo) egunyaza ukukhishwa kwemiyalo siyatuswa ekugcinweni komlando.

2. Khokha Zonke Izikweleti Nezibopho Ezivelele

I-PAC kumelwe ilungise zonke izikweleti, kuhlanganise nezikweletu ezingakhokhelwanga zokuhlola, ukukhokhwa kwezinhlelo zesoftware, izimali ezingokomthetho, izikweleti zebhange, nanoma iziphi izijeziso ezikhokhwa yi-FEC. Uma i-PAC inemali enganele yokukhokha izikweletu, ikomiti kungase kudingeke ifune iminikelo eyengeziwe (ingaphansi kwemingcele) noma umgcini wezimali angase abekelwe icala ngokwakhe ezimweni ezithile. Abahwebi kufanele bakhokhe ngaphambi kokuba kusakazwe noma yiziphi izimali ezikhokhelwayo.

3. Lahla Izimali Ezingasasebenzi

Ngemva kokuba zonke izikweletu zikhokhiwe, i-PAC kumelwe ikhiphe ngokomthetho noma iyiphi imali esele. I-FEC inikeza kuphela izindlela eziqondile zokusetshenziswa kwemali esele yokuqeda i-PAC:

  • Iqondiswe kwiminikelo: Imali ingabuyiselwa kumniniyo ngokweminikelo yabo, kodwa uma umniniyo engatholakala futhi i-frend engadluli imali yokuqala yomnikelo.
  • Iminikelo yokusiza abaswele: Inhlangano efanelekayo enikeza intela (umz., 501(c)(3) engafaki nzuzo) iyavunywa, uma nje iminikelo ingasebenzi kwezombangazwe.
  • [[NTL:0] Imali engadluliswanga ingadluliselwa kwenye i-PAC engekhoyo ngaphandle kwesilinganiso semali, kodwa ukudluliswa kuthathwa kuthathwa njengomnikelo. Uma ukwamukela i-PAC kulinganiselwe (kuhlangene ne-PAC), noma ikuphi ukudluliswa okungahlanganisiwe kungahambisana no-$5 000 ngonyaka ngaphansi kwe-11FR.12.12.
  • Ikhontinethi ekomitini yeqembu lezombangazwe: i-PAC inganikela ekomitini yeqembu lesizwe, lombuso, noma lendawo elinganiselwe.
  • Imali yokubuyisela izindleko zaphansi: izindleko eziqondekayo neziqondile zokudilizwa (umz., izindleko zokugcina zokukhokha ukukhokha, izindleko zokuvala ibhange) zingakhokhwa.

Ibalulekile: I-PAC ayinakunikeza izimali (abaphathi, abaqondisi, noma amalungu) njengenzuzo noma inzuzo yomuntu siqu. Lokho kungaba umnikelo ongekho emthethweni noma ukuguqula impahla yamakomiti. I-FEC ihlola ngenkuthalo izimo ezingafanele.

4. Ifaka Umbiko Wokugcina kuyi - FEC

Ama-PAC angaxhunyiwe athole iminikelo noma akhokhe izindleko ezingaphezu kuka-R1000 ngonyaka wekhalenda kumelwe afake umbiko wokufakelwa (Fondm 99 noma amahora angu-24 okugcina uma kudingekile). Umbiko wokugcina kumelwe uhlanganise wonke umsebenzi kusukela osukwini lombiko wokugcina ohlelwe njalo ozodlula osukwini lokuphela. Isaziso sokubulala kumelwe futhi sigcinwe, okubangela ukubukezwa kwe-FEC. Ikomiti kumelwe iqinisekise ukuthi zonke izikweletu zikhokhwa futhi zonke imibiko zigcinwe. I-FEC inezinsuku ezingu-90 ukuba ihlolwe; uma kungekho kuphikiswa okuphakanyiswe, ikomiti kuqedwe ngokomthetho.

5. Ukusondelana Ama - akhawunti Ebhange Nama - invector

Ngemva kokuba i-FEC ivume ukunqanyulwa kwenkathi yokulinda (noma ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-90 ngaphandle kokuphikiswa), i-PAC kufanele ivale i-akhawunti yayo yomkhankaso wasebhange nanoma imaphi ama-akhawunti okutshala imali. Amakhophi akhona amaphepha ebhange kanye nama-akhawunti avala imvume ye-akhawunti iminyaka emihlanu, njengoba kufunwa imithetho yokugcina amarekhodi (11 CFR 104.14).

6. Gcina Izinqumo Zezinjongo Zokufuna Ukucwaninga

I-FEC inikeza imiyalo yokuthi wonke amarekhodi e-PAC ancibilikile kumelwe agcinwe okungenani iminyaka emihlanu ngemva kokuphothula umbiko wokuqeda. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ama-lish, ama-infory, ama-pace, izitatimende zebhange, amakhophi ayo yonke imibiko ebhaliwe, iposi ne-FEC, kanye nemibhalo yemali egciniwe.

Izinyathelo Zokuhlanganisa Amaphaphu Amabili Angaxhunyiwe

Ukuhlanganisa ama-PAC amabili kuvamile kune-pacs kodwa kwenzeka lapho amakomiti ehlanganisa amabutho okusebenza kahle, ukuhlanganisa izisekelo ezigunyaziwe, noma ukunciphisa izindleko zokuvuma. Ngokungafani nokuhlanganisa inkampani, i-PAC ilawulwa imithetho ye-FEC ekuthunyelweni naseminikelweni. I-accom ehlanganisayo (i-PAC”) kumelwe ifake impahla, intengo, kanye nemibhalo yenye i-odocument yenye i-komiti (i-PAC”. Izinyathelo ezilandelayo ziqinisekisa ukuvunyelwa.

Ukuvunyelwa Izindikimba Ezibusayo

Bobabili ama-PAC kumelwe bathole imvume ebhaliwe kumabhodi awo ahlukene, kumakomiti okuqondisa, noma kwezinye izindikimba ezibusayo. Isinqumo kufanele sichaze ukuthi yiliphi ikomiti eliyosinda nalelo elizophela. Ivoti kufanele ibhalwe emizuzwini yokuhlangana futhi igcinwe emibhalweni yekomiti.

2. Thila Ukuhlolwa Okuhlangene Kwama - PAC Womabili

Ngaphambi kokuba kuhlanganiswe, i-PAC ngayinye kufanele ibukeze ngokucophelela amarekhodi ayo ezimali, ibike umlando, nanoma yiziphi izindaba ezivelele zokulalela. Imibiko engangcolile, izijeziso, noma ukuphikisana kufanele kuxazululwe ngaphambi kokuhlanganiswa. I-PAC esele ithatha zonke izikweletu zokuqedwa kwe-PAC, kuhlanganise nanoma iziphi izinkokhiso ze-FEC noma ukuhlolwa.

3. Yazisa i - FEC ka-Daeuter

I-FEC ifuna ukuba u-PAC agcine i-PAC uhele we-Dimension (Form 99 noma incwadi) iluleka ukuthi impahla yayo kanye nezikweleti zayo zidlulisiwe. I-PAC esasele kumelwe ilungise i-Action of Organization (Form 1) ukuze ibonise noma iziphi izinguquko ezinenjongo, amakomiti ahlangeneyo, noma isimo sezimali. I-FEC ilindele futhi abaseleyo i-PAC ukuba babhale umbiko owenziwe ngezimali ezithunyelweyo njengeminikelo evela ekuqedweni kwe-PAC. Ngenxa yokuthi ukuthunyelwa ekuqedweni akuwona umnikelo we-PAC osaseleyo uma behlanganyela inhlangano efanayo ehlangeneyo? ngoba i-PACC, engaxhunyiwe, ukuthutha kuphathwa njengomnikelo futhi kumelwe kwenziwe uma i-2006.

4. Amadokhumende Agunyaziwe Enhlangano Uma Kudingeka

Uma noma yisiphi i-PAC ihlelwe njengenhlangano engazuzi nzuzo ngaphansi komthetho kahulumeni, ukuhlanganiswa kungadinga izihloko zokuhlanganisa nonobhala wezwe (noma okulinganayo). I-PAC engaxhunyiwe ngokuvamile isebenzisa isimo esifanayo sokuhlanganisa (umz., Delaware, Virginia). I-mendendice kumele iguqule igama, ikheli, nezikhulu ze-PAC ezisaphila.

5. Ziqinise Izinzuzo Zemali

Ukuphetha i-PAC kumelwe kuvale ama-akhawunti ayo asebhange futhi idlulise zonke izimali kuyi-akhawunti ye-PAC esele. Noma iziphi izikweletu zokuqedwa kwe-PAC ziba izibopho ze-PAC esele. Izindleko ezivelele kufanele zikhokhwe ngaphambi noma ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlanganiswa. I-PAC esele futhi i-PAC kumelwe iqinisekise ukuthi imali ehlangeneyo esesandleni ayidlulisi umngcele owengeziwe obangela ukubika uma ingagcinwanga? Empeleni, izimali ze-PAC ezihlangene zikhokhwawa embikweni olandelayo ngaphansi kwe-FEC ID yekomiti esasele.

6. Imibiko Yezimali Eqiniswe Amafayela

I-PAC esele kumelwe ibhale umbiko ohlanganisa umsebenzi wayo siqu kanye nomsebenzi wokuqeda i-PAC (uma noma yimuphi umsebenzi wenzeka kusukela embikweni wokugcina). Ukuphetha umbiko we-PAC kuzakusebenza njengomusho wamuva kakhulu. Amakomiti womabili anomthwalo wokufaka noma yimuphi umboniso odingekayo wangaphambi kokhetho noma imibiko yamahora angama-24 kuze kube yilapho ukuhlanganisa kuphumelela ngokugcwele.

7 Hlaziya Amarekhodi Omphakathi Nezinsimbi Zokuvala Imishini

Bonke abanikeli be-PAC yokuqeda i-PAC baba iminikelo e-PAC esele. Umnini-mkhandlu kumelwe avuselelwe ngezinsuku ezilungile zomnikelo nezingamanani. Iwebhusayithi ye-FEC izobonisa ukupheliswa kwe-PAC njengokunqanyuliwe nemibiko ye-PAC esele njengento ehlangene. Ukubona bhabhaku kubucayi; noma iziphi izithutho zingaholela ezinyathelweni zokugcinwa.

8. Ukugcina umbiko ngokuhlanganisa

I-PAC esele kumelwe igcine wonke amarekhodi kusukela ekuqedeni i-PAC okungenani iminyaka emihlanu ngemva kokuhlanganiswa, kuhlanganise nezinhlu zomnikelo, izivumelwano zomthengisi, nezitatimende zebhange. Izinhlu eziphelayo ze-PAC zingaphansi kwemithetho efanayo yokugcinwa njengokungathi zinciphe ngokwazo.

Izihibe Ezivamile Nendlela Yokuzigwema

Kokubili ukudilizwa nokuhlanganiswa kwenqubo kuletha izingozi eziningana ezingabambezela ukuvalwa noma zibangele ukukhononda kwe - FEC.

  • Inqolobane yemali ephelele:[ I-PACs eziningi zintula amarekhodi anemininingwane yeminikelo nezindleko, okwenza kube nzima ngabanikeli ababolekisayo noma ukudluliswa ngokufanelekile. Kumelwe ube nekhono lokuhlola amarekhodi ngaphambi kokuba uqale inqubo yokuqeda.
  • [[NTL:0] Izimo ezifanele zezimali ezinciphileyo: Ukunikeza izikhulu imali esasele, ukuyisebenzisa ngezinjongo zomuntu siqu, noma ukunikela kwabamukeli abenqatshelwe (umz., abantu bakwamanye amazwe, izimali zomuntu siqu ezilindelekile) kuphula u-FECA. Ngaso sonke isikhathi hlola isiqondiso se-FEC: Isiqondiso se-FC sokuqeda [FLT]
  • Ukuthatha umbiko wokuqeda ngesikhathi: I-FEC ilindele imibiko yokugcina ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-90 ngemva kokuba ikomiti inqanyulile umsebenzi (noma ngosuku olulandelayo lokuhlela kwasikhathi sonke). Izingcezu zamuva ziletha izinhlawulo.
  • Izimfuneko zikahulumeni ezingaqondakali: A i-PAC engaxhunyiwe ebhaliswe ngebhodi yokukhetha yombuso (yomsebenzi wezinga likahulumeni) kumelwe iphele noma ihlangane ezingeni likahulumeni. Amanxusa oMbuso ngokuvamile anezindlela ezihlukene nezikhathi ezimisiwe. Ngokwesibonelo, i-New York State Board of Ecostations idinga i-CF-17 ye-paCCs.
  • [[NTL:0] Ukuqonda imingcele yomnikelo phakathi nokuhlanganisa: Uma i-PAC esasele ingeyiyo ikomiti efanayo ngokomthetho (umz., bayizinhlangano ezingokomthetho), ukudluliswa kuwumnikelo ongadlula i-$5 000 kumkhawulo wokhetho kumniniyo uma izimali ze-PAC zisuka kumniniyo oyedwa. Uma i-PAC exhunyiwe ingeyokwamukela iminikelo efinyelela ku-R35 000 ngonyaka kubantu ngabanye, kodwa ukudluliselwa kwenye i-PAC kudlulelwa futhi njengomnikelo owemali efanayo. Lokhu kungadala inkinga uma ukukhishwa kwe-PAC inesilinganiso esikhulu esincane esikhokhelwayo. Kodwa uma kunikezwa i-R10,000 ngonyaka, ukudluliswa kwe-PC, kunikezwa iminikelo engenziwa kakade, futhi kungathi kungumnikelo okwenziwe kakade.

Ukusebenzisa Isikhathi Nokucabangela Inqubo Eshelelayo

Ukudilika noma ukuhlanganiswa kungathatha noma iliphi isonto kuya ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, kuye ngekhono lemali yekomiti kanye nokusabela kwe-FEC. Abathelisi kufanele bahlele izinsuku ezingama-90-120 ukuba kukhokhelwe izikweletu, imibiko ilungiselelwe, futhi i-FEC ibukezwe. Phakathi nalenkathi, “ziyeke” inkathi Ungahileli kunoma yisiphi isikhwama noma izindleko ezintsha [ ngemva kwesinqumo sokuvala. gcina iFEC i-FEC ihlelwe ngokulungisa incwadi emfushane yenhloso. Uma uzoba upholile izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-30.

Kuwukuhlakanipha kakhulu ukugcina iseluleko esingokomthetho noma umkhankaso owenziwe ngokuzimisela kwe - PAC. Izindleko zokulalela isigwebo zincane uma ziqhathaniswa nezijeziso ezingase zivele. I - FEC ingaphoqelela imali engafinyelela ku - R1 000 ngokwephulwa okuthile, futhi ukusebenzisa kabi izimali ze-PAC ngamabomu kungaphumela ezigwebweni zobugebengu.

Imithombo Ewusizo

Abathengisi nezikhulu ze - PAC kufanele basebenzise le mali elandelayo ukuze baqondise le nqubo:

Ngokulandela izinqubo ezibekwe emthethweni kahulumeni nombuso, ama-PAC angaxhunyaniseki noma ahlangane kahle ngaphandle kokuchayeka ngokomthetho. Isihluthulelo siwukuqala ngokushesha, ugcine amarekhodi acophelelayo, futhi ufune isiqondiso sochwepheshe uma kuphakama imibuzo.