Indlela Impova Ephoqelela Ngayo Esetshenziswa Ngayo Ukuze Kunqandwe Abaphikisi Abayinqaba Ezimpini Zezombangazwe

Ukuhlola kokusunduza kumelela elinye lamathuluzi akhohlisa kakhulu ekukhankasweni kwezombangazwe kwanamuhla. Ngokungafani nokuhlolwa kombono ongokomthetho okubamba umzwelo womphakathi, ukuphoqelela ukuvota kuklanyelwe ukulawula abavoti ngokuphambanisa okungakhi, ngokuvamile okungamanga, ukwaziswa okungabonakalanga njengendlela yokuhlola. Abazona izikhali zokuhlola. Ukuqonda ukuthi zisebenza kanjani, kungani ziphumelela, futhi yini engenziwa ukuze zilwe nawo ibalulekile kunoma yimuphi umvoti ofuna ukwenza izinqumo zolwazi ebhokisini le-bolot.

Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukuhlola okubanzi kokuhlola okuphoqelelwe: umlando wabo, amasu angokwengqondo abawasebenzisayo, imingcele engokomthetho nengokokuziphatha abayihlolayo, kanye nethonya langempela lezwe abanalo okhethweni. Ekupheleni, uyohlonyiselwa kangcono ukubona ukuphenya okuphoqelelweyo futhi uvikele ukwahlulela kwakho siqu kulokhu kuthonya okucashile.

Yini Ngempela Eyimpova Yokucindezela?

Inhlolo - vo ephoqelelayo iyindlela lapho ucingo (ngokuvamile ukusebenzisa umbhalo) lubuza uchungechunge lwemibuzo eklanyelwe ukuthonya umbono womuntu ophendulayo, hhayi ukuqoqa ukwaziswa. Imibuzo ivame ukuqukethe amazwi aphambene noma adidayo ngomhlohli, ebekwe ngendlela yokuqamba noma yokumangalela. Ngokwesibonelo: “Uma wazi ukuthi u-Candite Smith uhlolwe ngenkohlakalo, ingabe lokho kungakwenza ungakhululeki kakhulu ukuba umvotele?” Umbuzo awubuzi nje nje ukuthi ubuze umbono ongamukeleki [1]

Ukuhlola okusemthethweni, ngokuphambene, kusebenzisa amagama angathathi hlangothi, isampula engakhethi, nezindlela ezibonisayo. Imibuzo iklanyelwe ukulinganisela umbono ngaphandle kokuwuthonya. Ukuhlola kokucindezela kufiphaza lomusho. Oshayele ucingo angase athi uvela embonini esemthethweni noma eyunivesithi, kodwa injongo yangempela iwukuveza ukuphikisana. Ngokwe American Association for Public Opinion Research (APOR), ukuhlola okuphoqelelayo “ukuzama ukuthonya noma ukushintsha umbono we-ethoba ngaphansi kwendlela yokuhlola esemthethweni.” Lencazelo iyisihluthulelo ukuhlukanisa izicelo ekuhloleni ezinhlolweni.

Umlando Nezibonelo Eziphawulekayo

Ukuhlola okuxoxile bekulokhu kukhona amashumi eminyaka, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuye kwanda kakhulu lapho kuvela ukubiza okushibhile okushibhile kocingo nokwezimo zomuntu. Esinye sezibonelo zakuqala ezidukisa kakhulu senzeka phakathi nomongameli waseRepublica. AbaseSouth Carolina bathola izingcingo ezibuzayo: “Kungenzeka yini ukuthi ungaba nokwenzeka kakhulu ukuvota uJohn McCain uma wazi ukuthi wazala umntwana omnyama ongekho emthethweni?” Umbuzo wafaka inhlebengo enonya nengamanga ngoMcCain owatholwa nguMc Cain waseBangladesh waseBangladesh. Izingcingo zatholakala kuyifemu esebenzela uGeorge W. Umkhankaso ka Bush noma izinxulumanewa zakhe.

Elinye icala elikhulu lenzeka kukhetho oluvamile lwango-2008. Izinqumo ezisezifundeni eziphambili zathola iziphetho zokugomela zigomela ngokuthi uBarack Obama wayengumSulumane owenqaba ukusho iSifungo sika-Allegiance nokuthi umkakhe uMichelle wayesebenzise igama elithi “welungu” enkulumweni yesonto. Akukho lutho kulokhu oluyiqiniso, kodwa ukuhlola okuphoqelelwe kwasiza ekusekeleni izindaba ezingamanga ezazikhona phakathi nokhetho.

Kunyaka ka-2016, ukuhlola okuphoqelelwe kwahlasela uHillary Clinton ngemibuzo ephathelene nama-imeyili, uBenghazi, nempilo, ngokuvamile kunezinsolo ezingangatshazwanga. Umkhankaso kaDonald Trump futhi wahileleka ekucindezeleni abaphikisi abanjengoTed Cruz noMarco Rubio phakathi nezindawo zokuhlola. Muva nje, kuye kwasetshenziswa ukuhlola emibangweni yendawo, okhetho lwezikole, ngisho nemincinti yokwahlulela, ngokuvamile ngaphandle kokuqondisa kwemithombo yezindaba.

Lezi zibonelo zibonisa ukuthi ukuphoqelela abantu ukuba bahlole akuyona indlela ehlukile — ziyingxenye evamile yomkhankaso wanamuhla ophambene, osetshenziswa amaqembu amakhulu namaqembu amaningi ayingxenye yesithathu.

Indlela Ukubhucunga Okusebenza Ngayo: Amakhono

Imishini yokuhlola incike emasubeni ambalwa acushwe kahle. Ngalinye liklanyelwe ukudlulisa ukucabanga okugxekayo kovoti futhi lifake ubudlelwane obubi.

Ukuphoqelela Okuphambene

Umnyombo wanoma ikuphi ukuhlola okuphoqelelwayo ufuzo olubi. Umbuzo uqala ngephuzu elilimazayo: “Bekungaba mancane yini amathuba okuvotela u-X uma wazi ukuthi babevotele ukuphakamisa izintela?” Ngisho noma impendulo ephendulayo ethi “oya,” imbewu yokungabaza itshalwe. Ukuchayeka nje ekumangaleleni kwenza ukuba itholakale ngokwengqondo uma lowo mvoti kamuva enza isinqumo. Lokhu kuyisibonelo esivelele se- u-heversarial [] abantu abaphendulayo bangabalisayo amathuba ezenzakalo abangakhumbula kalula.

Ukungalawuleki Noma Ukwaziswa Okungamanga

Izicelo eziningi zicindezela abantu ukuba basebenzise ulimi olungacacile ngamabomu, okwenza kube nzima ukuqapha iqiniso. Bangase babhekisele ku- “umbiko” wokuthi ozobhapathizwa“ kungenzeka” ungene ekuziphatheni okubi. Abanye basebenzisa amanga aqondile. Phakathi nezikhathi zo-2010, basunduza ukuphenya emizweni eminingana beqamba amanga ukuthi abamele ukubulawa ngedemokrasi basekela“izikhungo zokufa” noma bafuna ukusika iMedicare. Ukufa kwakuwumgomo wokwenza kube yinto engathakazeleki ngokomzwelo.

Abanye bacindezela abantu ukuba basebenzise lokhu “ukuphoxeka ukuze babuze u -” indlela, lapho ucingo eshaya sengathi unamahloni ngokuphakamisa lendaba. “Ngiyadabuka ukubuza lokhu, kodwa kungakukhathaza ukwazi ukuthi uCandida Jones unomlando owephula umthetho?” Lokhu kugcona kwenza ukumangalela kubonakale kunengqondo kakhulu ngoba umshayeli wecala ubonakala engumuntu ongathathi hlangothi.

Ulimi Olungokomzwelo

Amagama anjengaye [[QLT: 0] corpent, ayingozi, [[FLT:] itheak-ne-scription[[FLT:]], , [[[FLT]]]] i-actumtrect [[, noma [[FLT]]] u-liar[FLT[FLD:9]] iqhelekile. Imibuzo ihlolwa ukuvusa ukwesaba, intukuthelo, noma ukucasuka eqondekayo. Ukuhlola kungabuza, “yenza intukuthelo enziwayo ethandwayo inzuzo ehrahdmistsss' ezihwini ezinikezwa ngokuvotayo? I-ivoti yona i-inyanise.

Umbuzo “okabili Ophindwayo”

Elinye icebo elivamile umbuzo ophindwa kabili, ohlanganisa izimpikiswano ezimbili ezihlukene zibe yisinqumo esisodwa esiphoqelelwe. Ngokwesibonelo: “Usekela icebo likaGreen lokuphakamisa izintela zempahla nokunciphisa izimali zamaphoyisa?” Umvoti omelene nokwanda kwentela angase ezwe ingxenye yesibili futhi anqabe ngokuqondile, ngisho noma iphuzu liyiphutha noma lisontekile. Umbuzo uguqula impendulo ngokugcwalisa izimpikiswano ezimbili ezingafani.

Ukushaya ucingo nomqulu we-“Brush Fire”

Ukuhlola okubhulayo kuvame ukuqhutshwa emikhankasweni “yomlilo” yamanqamu, ukuqhuma okukhulu kwezingcingo ezihlasela isifunda esithile noma inani labantu. Ingabalwa ezimashumini ezinkulungwane futhi ivame ukuthunyelwa ezinsukwini zokugcina ngaphambi kokhetho, ishiyela umhlohli isikhathi esincane sokuphendula. Izingcingo ze-Automated (ukubiza) zenza kube lula ukufinyelela izinombolo ezinkulu zabavoti ngokungabi namali. Ezimweni eziningi, izingcingo azibhalwanga ngisho nangemininingwane yokuhlola; injongo iwukuphela kokusakaza umyalezo.

Imishini Engokwengqondo: Isizathu Sokuba Kushukunyiswe Izinhlansi Ezingcolile

Naphezu kokusetshenziswa kwazo ngokukhanyayo, ukuhlola okuphoqelelayo kuyaphumelela ngoba zisebenzisa ukuthambekela okubhalwe kahle kwengqondo.

Imiphumela Yokudalulwa Nje

Imiphumela yokudalulwa nje isikisela ukuthi abantu bathanda izinto abazichayeke ngokuphindiwe. Uma ukuhlola okuphoqelelwe kuphinda amazwi aphambene izikhathi eziningi [1] noma lowo ovotayo engawafunanga, lokhu kuba lula kakhulu futhi kube nokukholeka. Yingakho ukusunduza imibhalo yokuhlola ngokuvamile kubuza umbuzo ofanayo ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene noma ukulandelela ngo-“ Uqinisekile?” ukugcizelela umyalezo.

Umphumela Weqiniso Eliwukukhohlisa

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izinkulumo eziphindaphindwayo zibonakala ziyiqiniso, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zinembile kangakanani. Ukuhlola kokucindezela kusebenzisa lokhu ngokugomela okungamanga okungamanga ukuthi abavoti bangase bezwe futhi kweminye imithombo. Ukuphindaphinda, kuhlangene negunya elisobala “lokukhohlisa,” kungadala ukukhohlisa okukhulu kweqiniso.

Ukuphotha Nokuqinisa

Indlela umbuzo obekwe ngayo ngokungathi uqonde ngayo impendulo. Ngokumisa umbuzo ngenhloso embi, umvoti uphoqelela ukuba acabange ngalowo oncintisana naye kuleyondlela ephambene. Ngisho noma umvoti engavumelani nombono ophambene, umzamo wengqondo odingekayo wokuwuphikisa ungashiya ukungabaza okungaguquguquki. Lokhu kuphumelela kakhulu kubavoti abaphansi abangenawo umbono onamandla okhona ngaphambili.

Umphumela Womlilo Nokumelana Nawo

Ngokuthakazelisayo, imizamo yokulahla izinganekwane zokuhlola ngezinye izikhathi ingaba nemiphumela engemihle. Imiphumela yomlilo ichaza indlela abantu abangase bagxile ngayo ezinkolelweni zamanga lapho benikezwa ukwaziswa okulungisayo. Lokhu kwenza ukuphenya kube yimbi kakhulu: uma nje isimangalo esingamanga sitshaliwe, ngisho nezijeziso zokwethembeka zingajulisa umonakalo.

Ithonya Ezikhethweni Nezindwangu

Ubufakazi obusemqoka bokuphumelela kwenhlolo-zincwadi ezisunduzwayo abudideki, kodwa izisebenzi eziningi zomkhankaso zikholelwa ukuthi ziyasebenza. Ukuhlola okuningana kuye kwabonisa ukuthi izingcingo ezingezinhle zingamcindezela umuntu ozohlolwa ngamaphuzu angu-2-85. Emjahweni oseduze, lowo oseceleni unganquma umphumela.

Ukuphenya futhi kunemiphumela eyingozi kakhulu endaweni yokwaziswa. Inezela ekugxekweni komphakathi nasekungathembini. Abaholi abaphoqelelwayo bangase bangazimisele ukuphendula ukuphenya okungokomthetho, benciphisa izinga lokucwaninga. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi ukusunduza ukuvota ngokuvamile kuhlasela abavoti, bangasiza ekulinganiseni ezifundeni ezincintisanayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlola okuphoqelelwe kungahlela indlela abazohlolwa abazocelwa yimithombo yezindaba. Uma ukuhlola okuphoqelelwe kusakaza amahlebezi angamanga, izintatheli zingazizwa ziphoqelekile ukuba “ziqaphe”, zinikeze ukusakazwa okunomthetho kakhulu. Ozohlolwa khona - ke uphoqeleka ukuba aphendule amanga, aguqule umjikelezo wezindaba ube yisivikelo sobuntu babo kunokuba ulwe nengxoxo yenqubo.

Umonakalo Obangelwa Ukudunyiswa Kwezitho

Ngisho noma ukuhlola okuphoqelelwe kamuva kuvezwa, umonakalo owenziwa endulweni yomhlohli ungahlala isikhathi eside. Ngo-2000, uJohn McCain akakwazanga ukunyakazisa ngokugcwele “ingane emnyama eboshwene” ukugcona, ngisho nangemva kokuwina ingosi eyinhloko. Ukuzisholo kwamanga kwaqhubeka kusakazwa kuyi-inthanethi nasemikhankasweni yokuhleba. Ngo-2004, ukusunduza uphethilo lwezinhlolo eNtshonalanga Virginia kanye nezinye izizwe kwasikisela ukuthi uJohn Kerry wayeqambe ngenkonzo yakhe yaseVietnam, wondla amaQeft Boat Veterans ngeQithalor endaba yakhe eQoth eQiery.

Ukulimala kwedumela kuyakhuliswa ngoba ukuvota okuphoqelela ukuba bafake izisulu ngokuvamile ngaphambi nje kokuba baphonse amavoti abo okuvota (ngosuku lokhetho) noma phakathi nokuvota kwasekuqaleni. Umvoti akanaso isikhathi sokucwaninga ngalokhu kumangalela, futhi inkumbulo yokubizelwa ingathonya ukukhetha kwabo kokugcina.

Ukukhathazeka Nemithetho Engokwesiko

Ngokwezimiso zokuziphatha, ukuphoqelela ukuvocavoca kulahlwa cishe emhlabeni wonke yizinhlangano zokuhlola ezingochwepheshe. I-AAPOR ikhiphe iziqondiso ezicacile: “Ukuhlola okungokomthetho akuwona umzamo wokuthonya umbono womphakathi.” Lenhlangano ikhuthaza ukuba ithathe imithetho edinga ukuthululwa kwenhlangano exhasa ukuvota, ukuze abavoti bahlole umthombo. Nokho, ukuphoqelelwa akuwona amaphutha.

Ukubukeka Okungokomthetho

Umthetho kahulumeni awukuvimbeli ngokuqondile ukuphoqelela ukuhlolwa, kodwa izifundazwe eziningana ziye zazama ukuzilawula.

  • [ ICalifornia ifuna ukuba noma ikuphi ukuhlola kwezombangazwe okubiza imali engaphezu kuka-R3 500 kubhaliswe noNobhala woMbuso futhi kumelwe kuhlanganise i-dilayimer mayelana nokuthi ubani okhokhela izingcingo.
  • [[NT: 0] Florida kanye Minnesota inemithetho efuna abashayeli abacindezela abashayeli ukuba baphawule umxhasi uma ukuhlola kuxoxa ngerekhodi lomfundi.
  • I-New Hampshire inomthetho owenqabela “ukuhlola” njengoba kuchazwa ngomthetho odinga ukuthululwa kwenhlangano ekhokhela ucingo futhi eyenqabela ukusebenzisa ulimi oluklanyelwe“ ukuhlasela, ukuhlukumeza, noma ukukhohlisa.”

Nokho, izinqumo eziningi eziphoqelelayo ziqhutshwa ama-PAC amakhulu noma amaqembu azimele asebenza ezindaweni ezimpunga. Abashayeli bangase bathi bavela “eqenjini elifunayo” ngaphandle kokwembula umxhasi wangempela. Izenzo zokuphoqelela ziyivelakancane, futhi izijeziso zivame ukuba zincane uma ziqhathaniswa nezindleko zokuqhuba lomkhankaso.

I-Federal Communications Commission (FCC) ilawula izikhombi ze-robocall, kodwa ukuhlola okucindezelayo okusetshenziswa abashayeli abaphilayo akunqatshelwe. Ngisho nokuphenya okuzihambelayo kungasemthethweni uma zivumelana neTCUDA (Umthetho weNxusa-Mnyango wezentengiselwano) ushaya imithetho, kodwa abaningi basaphula leyomithetho ngokubiza izinombolo ohlwini lwe-Do Not Call.

Ukusabela Kwezemboni

Imboni yokuhlola iye yasabela ngokukhuthaza ukuba sobala nezindlela ezingcono kakhulu. I-AAPOR Transparency Itive idinga izinhlangano ezihlanganyelayo ukuze zembule indlela yazo, kuhlanganise nowaxhasa ukuvota nendlela eyakwenziwa ngayo. Abavoti bama-Legitimate bavame ukuhlanganisa inkulumo enjengokuthi “Lokhu ukuhlola okuqotho [igama eliphezulu] futhi ukusabela kwakho kuzoba yimfihlo.” Uma ucingo lungahlanganisi ukuba sobala okunjalo, luyifulegi.

Izinhlangano zezombangazwe zinezindinganiso zokuziphatha. i - American Association of Political Concalutions (AAPC) inesimiso sezimiso zokuziphatha esivimbela ukusakaza ukwaziswa okungamanga ngasese.

Indlela Yokubona Nokumelana Nezinhlansi Zomshoshaphansi

Nanka amasu asebenzayo abavoti, izintatheli, nemikhankaso.

Kuyimibhoshongo

  • Ungakukholelwa noma yikuphi ukuhlola okuqala ngombuzo othwetshiwe. Uma umbuzo uhlanganisa ukuveza isimo esingafanele noma ukusola okucatshangelwayo, cishe kuyisiphendulo esicindezelayo.
  • Buza ucingo ukuze uthole imininingwane. Ubani oqhuba inhlolo zincwadi? Ubani oyixhasayo ngokwezimali? Umphehli we-volution osemthethweni uzonikeza ukwaziswa okucacile. Umbheki ocindezelayo uvame ukuphambuka noma ukubalekela.
  • Ungaphenduli imibuzo. Ungamane uthi, “Angihlanganyeli ekuhloleni okusebenzisa imibuzo enobandlululo,” bese ulenga. Lokhu kugodla ucingo ithuba lokufaka umlayezo.
  • Imibiko ishaya izingcingo ezisolayo ebhodini yokhetho lwezwe lakho noma kummeli jikelele. Amanye amazwe anemigqa eshisayo yokubika izinhlolo eziphoqelelwe.
  • Seketha amawebhusayithi ahlola iqiniso njenge FactCkeck.org noma i-PolitiFact uma uzwa ukumangalelwa okumangalisayo ngomhlohli. Ngokuvamile, isigxobo sesisusiwe kakade.

Izintatheli Nezihlongozo Eziyiqiniso

Izinhlangano zemithombo yezindaba kufanele ziqaphele ukuphoqelela imikhankaso yokuhlola. Uma abavoti bebika izingcingo ezingavamile, izintatheli zingahlola umsuka futhi zidalule umzamo. Amaqiniso afuna ukuphenya kufanele athathe izikhangiso eziphoqelelwe ngokuqinelana nezikhangiso zomkhankaso. Isihluthulelo siwukugwema ukuphinda amanga ngaphandle komongo; kunalokho, umbiko ngesu ngokwalo.

Emikhankasweni

Abahlolwa yizinqumo eziphoqelelwayo kufanele basabele ngokushesha nangokuqondile.

  • Umbiko okhipha ukwaziswa okubonisa lokho kuhlola okuphoqelelwayo nomthombo wako ongase ube nokwenzeka.
  • I - video noma isitatimende esilahla amanga aqondile.
  • Ufuna ukuba umphikisi alahle amaqhinga.
  • Isicelo sokuba abavoti babhale izingcingo noma babikele iziphathimandla.

Imizamo ingasebenzisa futhi isimemezelo sawo siqu sokuzivota ukuze kuphikwe ukwaziswa okunganembile. Uma umvoti ebizwa ngombuzo wokuhlola ophoqelelwe mayelana “nentela,” umkhankaso ungalandela ngocingo noma iposi eliqondisa umbhalo. Kodwa lendlela yokusabela iyabiza futhi ngokuvamile iyephuza kakhulu.

Ikusasa Lokungcoliswa Kwezingcingo Enkathini Yamanani

Njengoba ukukhangisa kwezombangazwe kuhamba kuyi-inthanethi, ukuphenya okuphoqelelwe kuye kwashintsha kwaba yizindlela ezintsha. “Izikhangiso ze-Push” ngokuthumela imiyalezo zivame kakhulu, njengoba kunjalo ngezikhangiso zezezokuxhumana ezidayisa imithombo yezindaba ezithiwa yizezena. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Facebook ad ingabuza, “Uyavuma ukuthi izimiso ze-Candidate Johnson zeqisa?” Lokhu kuyinhlolo ephumelela kakhulu ekufinyeleleni izinkulungwane zabasebenzisi abafuna ukubukwa yizilaleli.

Inselele yabalawuli ukuthi lokhu kuhlola okucindezelayo okusetshenziswa ngogesi kunzima kakhulu ukulandelela. Kungafakwa imikhankaso emincane kubantu abathile abavamile, kuvumele imikhankaso yokusakaza izimemezelo ezihlukahlukene emaqenjini ahlukahlukene. Umthombo ungafihlwa ezinhlanganweni zamagobolondo noma amaqembu angaziwa amaqembu okuzilawula.

Ukuhlakanipha kokwenza kungayibhebhethekisa inkinga. Ukuvala izwi eliphindiwe kungabangela ukuhlola okukhohlisa kakhulu esikhathini esizayo, qha uma ukhala njengomngane omethembayo noma i-ankile yezindaba ebuza umbuzo othwetshiwe. Imingcele yokuziphatha izodingeka ibuyiselwe njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka. Abanye ochwepheshe baye babiza ukuvinjelwa kwe-authone ekucindezeleni, kodwa ukukhathazeka kokukhuluma ngokukhululekile kanye nobunzima bokuchaza lomkhuba kwenza ukuba ukuvimbela okunjalo kungaqondakali esikhathini esiseduze.

Isiphetho

Ukuhlola okuphoqelelwe kuyiqhinga eliyinkohliso nelingenazimiso elilulaza ubuqotho bokhetho lwentando yeningi. Basebenzisa ubandlululo lokukhetha kwentando yeningi, ukusakaza ukwaziswa okunganembile, kanye nedumela elilimazayo (hhayi nje lapho kwenziwa ucwaningo olungokomthetho. Nakuba kunzima ukuqeda ngokuphelele, ukuqapha kuyisivikelo esinamandla. Abaholi abangaqaphela izimpawu zokuhlola okuphoqelelweyo cishe abathonywa yizo. Abacosheli nabaphathi-maphephandaba kumelwe bahlale beqaphile ekudaleni lemikhankaso ekhohlisayo.

Ekugcineni, ikhambi lokuphoqelela ukuvota liyimvume ehlelwe kahle efuna ukuba umuntu abe sobala futhi athembeke emikhankasweni. Ngokuqonda indlela i-volution esunduza ngayo umsebenzi, singavikela kangcono ukwenza kwethu izinqumo futhi siqinisekise ukuthi okhetho lunqunywa ngamaqiniso nangezimpikiswano zezimiso, hhayi ngokuzishintsha ngokunyenyanisa.

Ukuze uqhubeke ufunda, bheka iziqondiso zokusunduza ukuvota , incazelo FactCcock.org yengcingo yokusunduza ukuhlola[[, kanye nalokhu Ukucwaninga kokucindezela ukucutha.