Ukuqonda Ukucaca Kuhulumeni

Ukubonakala okusobala kuhulumeni yisimiso sokuthi izikhulu zomphakathi, izinhlangano, nezinhlangano kufanele zisebenze obala, nezinqumo nezenzo okungahlolwa izakhamuzi. Kudlulela ngalé kokunyathelisa imibiko; ukubonakala kwangempela kusho ukwenza ukwaziswa kuqondakale, kufike ngesikhathi, futhi kusebenziseke. Uma izinqubo zikahulumeni zibonakala, izakhamuzi zingahlola ukuthi izimali zomphakathi zisetshenziswa ngokuhlakanipha, ukuthi imithetho iphoqelelwe kahle yini, nokuthi ingabe abameleli abakhethiwe bafeza isithakazelo somphakathi ngempela. Uhulumeni okhanyayo unciphisa amathuba okonakala, wakha ukwethemba umphakathi, futhi uqinisa isivumelwano sezenhlalo phakathi kombuso nabantu bawo.

Kunezilinganiso eziningi zokukhanya. Ukubona ngokukhululekile kwenzeka lapho ohulumeni bekhulula ngesihle imniningo, uhlelo, nemizuzu yomhlangano ngaphandle kokubuzwa. Ukukhanya okusebenzayo[[ kwenzeka lapho izakhamuzi kumelwe zicele ukwaziswa ngezindlela ezisebenza njengenkululeko yolwazi Act (FOIA). Zombili zibalulekile. Amazwe aphezulu ekukhanyeni kokukhanya, njengase-New Zealand, eDenmark, nase Finland, athambekele ekubeni namazinga aphansi okonakala nokwaneliseka kwezakhamuzi. Nokho, ngisho nasezimisweni ezivulekile kakhulu, izakhamuzi kumelwe zihileleke ngokuqhubekayo ekulondolozeni izikhulu.

Isizathu Sokuba Ukuthatha Isabelo Sezakhamuzi Kubaluleke

Ohulumeni abavamile ukuba babonakale kalula kakhulu. I-Institutional inerentia, i-bureacrates, kanye nezithakazelo zezombangazwe zivame ukudala izithiyo zokungakhululeki. Izakhamuzi ziwukuhlolwa kokugcina ekulawuleni. Uma abantu nemiphakathi befuna ukuba sobala, badala ukucindezela okungaholela ezinguqulweni zezimiso, ukufinyelela kangcono kokwaziswa, kanye nokuziphendulela komphakathi. Umlando ubonisa ukuthi izinguquko ezinkulu zokubonakala [1] kusukela e-U.S. FOIA ngo-1966 kuya ku-Open Governmental Stanellaship yasemhlabeni wonke eyasungulwa ngo- 2011/2010.

Ngaphandle kokuthembisana kwesakhamuzi, imithetho yokubona engabe isasebenza. Izimo zobuchwepheshe zingalibazisela ukuphendula, ukukhokhela izindleko eziphakeme, noma ukungcwaba ukwaziswa ngamafomethi angacaci. Izakhamuzi ezikhuthele eziwaziyo amalungelo azo, eziya emihlanganweni, ezicela amafayela, nezifundisa omakhelwane bazo yizo eziqinisekisa ukuthi ukubona ngale akusona nje isiqubulo. Zonke izakhamuzi zinendima, kungaba njengomzali, umcwaningi, umcwaningi wabafundi, noma umhleli womphakathi.

Izindlela Eziwusizo Zokuthuthukisa Ukubonisana Ngokubona

Lezi zenzo ezilandelayo ziyizinyathelo zikakhonkolo noma isiphi isakhamuzi esingazithatha ukuze sithuthukise ukubonakala kukahulumeni.

Hlanganyela Nohulumeni Wendawo

Izinqumo zikahulumeni wendawo zithinta ukuphila kwakho kwansuku zonke: ukuhlanganisa, ukuxhasa isikole, izinqubo zamaphoyisa, ukulungisa ipaki. Nokho umkhandlu wedolobha noma imihlangano yesikole inezihlalo zomphakathi ezingenalutho. Ukuya kule mihlangano kungenye yezenzo ezilula kodwa ezinamandla kakhulu. Woza ulungiselele ngemibuzo ephathelene nezinhlelo, ukucela amakhophi emithetho yokuhlela kusengaphambili, ukulandelela ngemva kwemihlangano. Ohulumeni abaningi basendaweni manje baphuma bengena emihlanganweni kulayini, kodwa ku-person nezimpawu eziya ezibukwayo ezibukwayo. Ungajoyina noma wakhe iqembu elihlola izinto ezithile ezifana nenani lemali ehlawulwayo noma izinqubo. Izicelo zokunikeza iziphakamiso zemali. Ukuze ulande amasu asebenzayo, bona imithombo yezomthetho [[FLD:0]

Sebenzisa Inkululeko Yezicelo Zokwaziswa

I-Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) iyithuluzi elinamandla kulelozinga likahulumeni, futhi izifundazwe eziningi zinemithetho efanayo yemibhalo yomphakathi. Ukucela i-FOIA akufuni ummeli. Qala ngokuveza inxusa eliphethe ukwaziswa okudingayo (‘be ama-imeyili, izivumelwano, izimali, noma imibiko yangaphakathi. Bhala isicelo esicacile, esiqondile. Izinhlangano eziningi manje zinamathendeli angaphakathi. Ziyaphikelela; izinhlangano ngezinye izikhathi ziyaphika noma zibambezele, kodwa unganxusa. Inzuzo edinga [i-Rock][ inikeza iziyalezo zesihlelo, noma ngisho nezicelo zezimoto. I izicelo zezimoto zisebenzisa i-FIA ukuze zivuleke isimilo, kodwa izakhamuzi abavamile baye bayisebenzisa ekudaleni izingozi, izivumelwano eziyimfihlo, nezimiso eziyimfihlo eziyimfihlo eziyimfihlo zezekwenziwayo. I-A izicelo zesikole sokukha izikhanyiselwa ezikhokhe zeze zeze zeze zisetshenziswe kakhulu lapho zisetshenziswa ezimpompomponyolo zeze zikhona.

Ukuhlanganyela Emihlanganweni Yeningi

Imihlangano yomphakathi isukela ekuqulweni kwezindawo zomphakathi kuya ekubekeni izikhawu zebhodi ukuya ezindaweni zokumisa imihlangano yekomiti yemithetho. Ngisho noma ungakwazi ukuya ngokomuntu, eziningi ziqoshiwe futhi zigcinwe. Ziqaphele njalo. Uma ukhona, sayina ukuze ukhulume phakathi nezikhathi zokuphendula umphakathi. Lungiselela izinkulumo ezibhaliwe ezinikeza imininingwane ethile noma izincwadi ezithile. Buza ngezinqumo ezenziwe esiqenjini esivaliwe (izinqulwini eziningi zidinga incazelo yokuthi kungani isiqephu esivaliwe sibizwa kanjani). Ungacela futhi ukuba imihlangano ihlale ingena noma imizuzwana ibekwe ngokushesha. Kwezinye izindawo, izakhamuzi ziye zafaka izicelo zeze ngokuphumelelayo “izazisokutshelwa kusengaphambili nezinhlelo zomphakathi. Iziqondiso ezidinga ukutshelwa kusengaphambili. Inqubo yephalamende yemithetho nendlela yokwenza imisebenzi, [FLD:]

Ukusekela Izinyathelo Zokuqalisa Zokwaziswa Okuvulekile

Umbiko usho ukuthi ukwaziswa kukahulumeni kukhishwa kumafomethi omshini abhalwe ngesihle, ngaphandle kwentela, kungekho mingcele ekusetshenzisweni kabusha. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izibalo zobugebengu, amarekhodi empahla, imininingwane yokuhlela, nemibiko yendawo ezungezile. Uma imniningo ivuliwe, izintatheli, futhi abacwaningi bangahlaziya ukuba ibeke isibopho sikahulumeni. Izakhamuzi zingasekela idolobha lazo noma isifunda ukuba zithathe isimiso semininingwane esivulekile. Ungaqala ngokusayina izicelo zobugebengu, ukubhalela umphathi wezakhiwo, noma ukuhlanganisa izinhlangano ezifana ne- Foundation, . Izakhamuzi zingasekela ukuthuthukisa izindinganiso ezivulekileyo. Amanye amadolobha “avula amathekuzometame." lapho ungalungisa khona izicelo zasemgwaqweqweni, izakhiwo, izivumelwano zeminikelo. Uma unamakhono obuchwepheshe, ungawakhanyanisa noma ungayisebenzisi izinhlelo zemisebenzi yomphakathi. Ngishosethi, ungabuza ngisho nemininingwane semininingwane semininingwane semininingwane se-PSCPR.

Umsekeli Wesivikelo Samaza Anamandla

Abacuphi bangamachaphaza aveza ububi obungalungile (‘fraud, ukuphulwa komthetho, ukonakala. Bavame ukuphindisela: ukudubula, ukubulala, ukumangalela. Izikhungo ezinamandla zokufutha ikhwelo zibalulekile ukuze kubonakale ngoba zehlisa izindleko zokukhuluma. Izakhamuzi zingasekela imithetho evikela abacuphi ekupheni impepho futhi zinikeze imivuzo noma ukusekela okungokomthetho. Ungabhalela isishaya-mthetho wakho noma u-U.S. Izingqungquthela ezisekela iWhistleright Protection Act nezindlela ezifanayo. Futhi, zisekela imithetho evikela ukufutha impepho, njengo [[FLT:] Gonmentmentation Project [FLD: 1]]. [indect:]], umphakathi ungasiza ekusekeleni ukuvika kwendlela yokungathembekile, izimpawu ezibonwa njengendlela yokuvikela i-Algarpool, futhi uqaphele, uma ucabangela iseluleko esingokomthetho.

Ubuchwepheshe Obuhlasimulisayo Namathuluzi Emishini

Ubuchwepheshe buye bandisa kakhulu ithuluzi lokusekela ukubonakala kwale nkinga. Kusukela kuyimithombo yezindaba kuya emapulatifomu akhethekile, izakhamuzi manje sezinezindlela zokuthuthukisa imizamo yazo ngaphezu kwalokho okwakungenzeka esizukulwaneni esidlule.

Ukuhlanganyela Kwezokuxhumana

I-Twitter, Facebook, ne-panel enjenge-Iterdood ivumela izakhamuzi ukuba zihlanganyele ukwaziswa ngokushesha. Ungahlala ulwelwe lwemihlangano yomphakathi ukuze ufinyelele izingcingo ezibanzi, amabhukwana angemva kokuba izinhlangano zizame ukufihla, nezimemezelo zezintatheli noma amaqembu aqaphe izintambo. Izembu jikelele zikwazi futhi ukuhlanganisa ngokushesha [1] i-projekthi eyodwa yegciwane ingabangela izinkulungwane ze-sayina zesicelo noma ukukhukhula ihhovisi lomkhandlu ngezingcingo. Nokho, qaphela ukuqinisekisa ukwaziswa ngaphambi kokuba kwabelane; ukudukisa ukuthenjelwa. Sebenzisa izinhlangano zezokuxhumana zezenhlalo zifuna ukukhomba: izinhlangano eziningi zikahulumeni ezinikezelwe lapho ungabuza khona imibuzo obala, uziphoqelela ukuphendula ngendlela esobala.

Izimemezelo Nemikhankaso Esebenzisa I - Internet

I-Platforms njenge Change.org ne-Coderformeraica zivumela izakhamuzi ukuba ziqalise futhi zikhuthaze izicelo zokuguqula isimo. Imikhankaso ephumelelayo iye yaphumela ekukhipheni kwemikhandlu yasemadolobheni ekhipha izivumelwano zangasese zangaphambili, amabhodi ezikole afaka imininingwane yemali ebanzi engolayinini ye-intanethi, kanye nezishaya umthetho ezifuna amarekhodi okhetho nge-electal. Zihlanganisa izicelo ze-injini yokhetho nokucindezela kokungabikho komthetho womthetho womthetho: ukuqoqa izisayithi ezimakethene, izenzakalo zomphakathi, noma imibuthano yesonto. Umkhankaso owenziwe wakhiwe kufanele uhlanganise ukubuza, ubufakazi benkinga, kanye ne-panethilo yesikhathi esinengqondo. Ngemva kokuhlanganisa izikhulu ezisemhlanganweni womhlangano womphakathi ukuze kwandiswe. [iMelika:]

Izinqubo Zokubona Kahle Nezimbobo

Izinhlelo eziningi zenza kube lula ukulandelela izenzo zikahulumeni. “Izimo ezivulekile” zikuvumela ukuba ulandele umthetho kahulumeni futhi ubone indlela abameleli bakho abavota ngayo.“ Bheka uClickfix” ukuvumela ukuba ubike izindaba ezingathandeki njengemigodi noma izibani eziphukile zomgwaqo, nokulandelela ukusabela kukahulumeni komphakathi. Uhulumeni kahulumeni ka-“Uyithumela.gov” ukhombisa lapho uhulumeni uya khona. Funda ukusebenzisa la mathuluzi, bese ufundisa abanye. Ungacela futhi ukuba uhulumeni wakho wamukele amapulatifomu afana nawo [1] Amapulatifomu amaningi akhululekile noma aphansi. Uma ukwaziswa kutholakala kalula futhi kubonelwe ngamehlo, kuba nzima kakhulu ukuba izikhulu zishaye.

Ukwakha Isiko Lokubona Imibala

Izenzo zomuntu ngamunye zinamandla, kodwa ushintsho oluhlala njalo ludinga ushintsho emikhubeni nasemathembeni. Ukwakha indlela yokubona kusho ukwenza ukuveza isimo esihlukile, hhayi ukukhipha umlomo. Lokhu kudinga imfundo, ukubambisana, nomzamo oqhubekayo.

Ukufundisa Abanye

Abantu abaningi abawazi amalungelo abo noma indlela uhulumeni asebenza ngayo. Bahlela amashabhu amashadi okusebenza ngokwethukela, amafilimu okuhlola (umz., abhalwe ukuthi “Impi Yokuthula KwamaWundlu” ayibalulekile kodwa “Impi ku-Whistlepinders” ayibalulekile, noma amaqembu ezingxoxo emitatsheni yezincwadi, ezikhungweni zomphakathi, noma izindlu zokukhulekela. Ukugxila ekhonweni elisebenzayo: ukuthi ungathola kanjani imali yakho yokuhlela idolobha, ukuthi ungafaka kanjani isicelo se-FOIA, ukuthi ungaziveza kanjani izingxabano zesithakazelo. Ungamema izintatheli zikahulumeni, izisebenzi ezithathe umhlalaphansi, noma izimemezelo zokukhuluma ngokukhanya. Ukwenza iziyalezo ezilula ngelimi eziningi. Izikole namayunivesithi futhi zingaba izisebenzi besikole: izinhlelo zokufunda amaphephandaba ezinhlalo zezindaba ezigcwele ngolwazi.

Ukubambisana Nezinhlangano Zomphakathi

Akukho sisakhamuzi esisodwa esingakwenza konke lokhu. Izinhlangano zomphakathi womphakathi (CSOS) njenge i-Tractive International, i-[FLT]], i-CITIZEN yezabo i-Profensissstion ne-Ethictics eWashington [CORT][[FLT]]], futhi amaqembu aphakeme kahulumeni anamakhono, imithombo engokomthetho, nezimiso zomphakathi. I-'iqembu elincane lingaba nemiphumela ezimele: i-mfacedssssss ehlangene ehlangene ne-ogadeawerths, futhi lingavimbela ukutubeka, nokusekela okungokwemizwa nokusekela okungokwemizwana.

Ukuqothula Umphakathi

Ngaphandle kokuqapha okungokomthetho, khuthaza imikhuba yansuku zonke ekhuthaza ukuvuleka. Khuthaza izikhulu ezikhethiwe ukuba zibambe “amahora ehhovisi” ezindaweni zomphakathi. Tshembeza lapho uhulumeni ehlanganyela noma elungisa amaphutha. Yenza “uphawu lokubhala ngezibalo” lendawo olubonisa ukuthi umkhandlu wedolobha lakho noma ibhodi lesikole linikeza ulwazi kalula kangakanani. Uma izikhulu zikhanyisa kalula, yisho obala kodwa ngendlela ezuzisayo.

Ukunqoba Izinselele

Uhulumeni ungamelana nezimpikiswano zokuphepha kwesizwe, ukuvikela abantu, noma umthwalo wokulawula. Izakhamuzi zingase zibhekane nokunganaki, ukwesabisa, noma ngisho nokusongela okungokomthetho.

Ukubhekana Nokugodukela

Uma ufaka isicelo se-FOIA, ulindele ukulibala, ukubuyisela, noma izindleko ezingaphezulu. Ukubhala yonke into kuyakhanga noma ihele uma kudingekile. Izifundazwe eziningi zinemibhalo yezindaba yomphakathi egciniwe ekwazi ukusakaza. Uma isikhulu senqaba ukunikeza ukwaziswa, sebenza nezintatheli zokukhankanya. Imithetho ye-Sunshine ngokuvamile inemilungiselelo yokuthola izindleko zokuthola izimali uma uwina enkantolo / / lokhu kuvimbela ukuphika ukholo. Futhi, qaphela ukuthi imithetho yemfihlo ivikela ukwaziswa okuthile (umz., amarekhodi ezokwelapha), ngakho igxila emarekhodini asiza isithakazelo esisobala.

Ukunqoba Ukunganaki

Izakhamuzi eziningi zinomuzwa wokuthi ukubonakala yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu noma ukuthi imizamo yazo ayinakwenza lutho. Ukumelana nalokhu ngokubonisa ukuphumelela okubonakalayo. Ngokwesibonelo, isicelo esisodwa se-FOIA edolobheni elincane sembula ukuthi umfowabo kameya akatholanga sivumelwano sokususa iqhwa . Ukukhuthaza ukuncintisana. Ukuxoxa izindaba ezifana nalezi. Yenza kube lula ukuthatha iqhaza: ukwenza imibhalo ebhalwe ngaphambili yokubiza izikhulu ezikhethiwe, ukuhlanganisa amakhalenda axhumene nemihlangano ezayo, futhi ukunikeza abazali abancane imvume yokuya ezindlebeni.

Izithiyo Ezingokomthetho Nezezimali

Ezinye izimpi zokubonana zidinga usizo olungokomthetho. Abameli be-probo bono bangatholakala ngezinhlangano ezinjenge-Public Citizen Litigation Group noma i-Aunts Committee for Freedom of the Press. I-Blaisending ingahlanganisa izindleko zokukhokha imali noma izindleko zokuhlela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifundazwe eziningi zinezintambo ezishisayo ezinikeza iseluleko sesihle. Ukwesaba ukukhokha imali kungakunqandeli ngezicelo ezilula futhi kukhule kuphela uma kudingeka.

Isiphetho

Ukuthuthukisa ukuvezana kukahulumeni akusona isenzo esisodwa kodwa isibopho esiqhubekayo. Ngokuhlanganyela nezikhulu zendawo, ngokusebenzisa inkululeko yemithetho yokwaziswa, ukuya emihlanganweni yomphakathi, ukusekela ukwaziswa okuvulekile, nokuvikela abafuyi bekhwelo, izakhamuzi zingaphoqelela ukukhanya emacaleni amnyama okulawula. Ubuchwepheshe buqinisa lemizamo, futhi imfundo isakaza amakhono adingekayo. Izinselele zikhona, kodwa zonke izakhamuzi ezifuna ukuba sobala zingumgcini wedemokrati. Abantu abaningi bahlanganyela, uhulumeni osabela kakhulu nonecala kakhulu. Qala namuhla: khetha isenzo esisodwa kulesi sihloko futhi uthathe leso sinyathelo. Khona - qbelana nomakhelwane wakho. Ukubona okuqhubekayo kuhambisana nomakhelwane. Umboni uyakwazi ukumelana nomphakathi. [1]