Isingeniso: Ukwanda Kwezici Zomuntu Oyimfihlo

Kulenkathi yokwaziswa okukhulu nokuhlakanipha kokuzenzela, umthamo wokwaziswa komuntu siqu osungulwe, oqoqiwe, nohlolwe uye wafinyelela emazingeni angenakulinganiswa. Nganoma iliphi i-webhusayithi yokuhlola i-intanethi, ukuxhumana kwezezokuxhumana, ukuthenga, indawo, ngisho nokuhlola i-biometric scan iveza indlela yokuxhumana. Ohulumeni nezinkampani basebenzisa le mininingwane ukuze bathuthukise izinkonzo, ukukhangisa, nokuqinisekisa ukulondeka kwesizwe. Kodwa la mathuluzi awenza kube lula futhi afaka izingozi ezinkulu emfihlo. Izakhamuzi ziyaqaphela ukuthi imishini yabo, ukuxhumana, nokuxhumana nokuxhumana kwazo kushiya indlela ehlala njalo eqinile elungiselelweni ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinkonzo, ukukhangisa, nokuqinisekisa ukulondeka kwesizwe.

Enye yezindlela eziyisisekelo zokuvikela ezingokomthetho kuhulumeni ophathwe ngokungemthetho imfuneko esemthethweni. Imvume, ekhishwa umahluleli ongathathi hlangothi ngenxa yesizathu okungenzeka, iqinisekisa ukuthi ukugcinwa komthetho akunakungena ezihlalweni zangasese noma kuthathe ukwaziswa komuntu siqu ngaphandle kokulunga. Lemfuneko isebenza njengetshe eliyinhloko lemfihlo, esekelwe emakhulwini amaningi emithetho evamile, futhi iqiniswe yimithetho yanamuhla enjenge-Electronic Communications Act (ECPA) nesivikelo somthetho-mthetho-mthetho esinjengeSiphekezekelo se-C5. Nokho, njengemikhankani yezekwane, umbuzo wendlela imishayo esebenza ngayo ukwaziswa kwezemishini − futhi ingaba yanele yini ukuqaphaza ukuqashelwa komthetho ne-AIUPlancertics.

ISichibiyelo Sesine Nezindaba Eziyimfihlo Zezinombolo

Ukusuka Ekufuneni Okungokomzimba Kuya Ekufuneni Izinombolo

ISichibiyelo sesine soMthetho-sisekelo wase-U.S. sivikela “ukuphenya okungacabangeki nokuquleka” futhi sidinga izimvume ezisekelwe ekwakhekeni okunokwenzeka, ikakhulukazi ekuhlolweni kwe-“peperson, izindlu, amaphepha, nemiphumela.” Emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka, lesisivikelo saqondwa njengokusebenza ezindaweni ezingokoqobo nasezinto eziphathekayo. Kodwa ngokuphakama kwe-inthanethi, ukugcina amafu, kanye nemishini ye-appel, uhlobo “lwamaphepha nemiphumela” kuye kwakhula ngokuphawulekayo. Namuhla, i-cell phone inemininingwane eyimfihlo kakhulu kunesizukulwane esidlulile, izithombe, amarekhodi emali, ulwazi lwezempilo, kanye nendawo yomlando.

Izinkantolo ziye zaqaphela kancane kancane ukuthi ukwaziswa kwemitapo kufanelwe isivikelo somthetho-sisekelo esiqinile. Ezindabeni eziphawulayo ezifana ne- Riley v. California (2014, iNkantolo ePhakeme kakhulu yavumelana ngokuthi amaphoyisa adinga isiqinisekiso sokuhlola isenzakalo socingo lwamakhalekhukhwini. UMahluleli omkhulu uJohn Roberts wabhala ukuthi “izingcingo zanamuhla aziyona nje enye indlela engcono yobuchwepheshe,” wawabiza ngokuthi“ inqolobane yeSiphendulo sesine. Lesinqumo sabonisa ukuthi iSiphenduku sesine kumelwe sivumelane nenkathi ye-aredictic syms, futhi ukuthi isivikelo asinciphiswe ngoba imininingwane igcinwe ngemishini kunephepha.

Imfundiso Yesithathu Yesigaba Ivutha

Emashumini eminyaka, lemfundiso ebizwa ngokuthi “ingxenye yesithathu” yavumela ukugcinwa komthetho ukuba kugcinwe amarekhodi ezindawo zesithathu − njengemidwebo yamabhange, izinkampani zocingo, kanye nabaxhaswe nge-inthanethi (ezingenamvume), embonweni wokuthi abantu bahlanganyela ukwaziswa ngokuzithandela nezinhlangano. Ngalendlela yokucabanga, uhulumeni wayengathola izinyanga zokuxhumana ngocingo, amarekhodi ezimali, noma ngisho nokwaziswa okubhalwe ephepheni nge-imeyili okunemvume engaphansi noma ngenkantolo, hhayi imvume.

Nokho, isinqumo seNkantolo Ephakeme ka-2018 iQuary Carpeent v. iUnited States yashaya indiva enkulu emfundisweni yesithathu engxenyeni yokwaziswa okusendaweni yamangqamuzana (CSLI). INkantolo yathi ukutholakala kukahulumeni kocingo olungokomlando lwesikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa kwaphula iSikhawulo sesithathu semininingwane yemininingwane yezindawo zengqamuzana (CSLI). Isinqumo sagcizelela ukuthi isimo esiyingqayizivele semininingwane yendawo ye-i-i-i-intshiwer-mentine (i-CSLI) esingaveza “izenzo, imikhuba, nezinhlangano zezokuxhumana, ngisho nalapho ukwaziswa kugcinwa ngengxenye yesithathu. Lokhu kuveza ezinye izindlela zemininingwane ye-mikhambiso yemizwa, kuhlanganise nemininingwane yemizwa yedolobha, i-WiFographtion, ukuhlelwa kwemishwa.

Izazi ezingokomthetho nabasekeli bezindaba zomuntu siqu baphikisa ngokuthi imfundiso yesithathu ayikho ngokomthetho ngokuqhubekayo ezweni lapho abantu kumelwe bathembele ezinkonzweni zesithathu ezibalulekile zemisebenzi enjengokuxhumana, ukuhamba ngezinyawo, nokubhange. Extonic Frontive Foundation (EFF)[FL:1] sekuyisikhathi eside ibizwa ukuba ifaneleke ngaphambi kokuba uhulumeni ufinyelele noma yiziphi izingxenyana ezibonisa ukuthi ukuphila komuntu kunezici ezijulile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubani oziphethe.

Indlela Abathandi Abavikela Ngayo Isikhathi Somuntu Esiyimfihlo

Imbangela Enengqondo Nokucaciswa Kwayo

Imvume esemthethweni isekelwe ezinsikeni ezimbili zesizathu esilindelekile nesemininingwane eqondile. Isizathu esifanelekile sidinga ukuqiniswa komthetho ukuze kunikezwe amaqiniso ayoholela umuntu onengqondo ukuba akholelwe ukuthi ubufakazi bobugebengu buzotholakala endaweni noma into okumelwe iphenywe. Lendinganiso ivimbela ukuthatha uhambo lokudoba ngemisebe, lapho iziphathimandla zisebenzisa ulwazi lomuntu ngaphandle kokusola okukhethekile. I-apolate, ifuna ukuba isiqinisekiso sichazwe ngokukhethekile indawo okumelwe ihlolwe futhi kuthathwe izinto noma ukwaziswa okumelwe kuthathwe. Lokhu kuvimbela kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphenyeni ngolimi, lapho ubukhulu bemininingwane bungaba bakhulu khona. Ngaphandle kokukhomba okuqondile. Ngaphandle kwesizathu, isiqinisekiso singagunyaza ukuphaza okuphelele kokulandisa kwe-imeyili noma ifu, ukuvala imfi yalowo nalowo muntu okhuluma ngayo.

Imithetho elandelanayo yenqubo yobugebengu nemithetho eminingi kahulumeni idinga ukuba umthetho usebenzise izinqubo zokunciphisa ukwaziswa phakathi nokuhlola kwenombolo, njengokusebenzisa izisefo ezicacile noma izinsuku. Lezi zimiso zokuvikela izibalo zisiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuphenywa akuyona imvume evamile, iSichibiyelo Sesine esaklanyelwa ukuvimbela.

Ukuqondisa Nokubona Izindawo Ngokwangaphandle Kokwahlulela

Amajaji kumelwe avunyelwe umahluleli ongathathi hlangothi futhi ongaboshelwa, hhayi iphoyisa noma umshushisi. Lokhu kuhlola kokwahlulela kubalulekile ngoba kuletha ukuhlaziya okuzimele kokulunga kukahulumeni. Isicelo ngokwaso sifakwa ngaphansi kwesifungo futhi kufanele sihlanganise amaqiniso, hhayi izikhalo nje. Uma uma ijaji lithola ukuthi imbangela kungenzeka ukuthi ilahlekile, isicelo siyaphikwa, kuphoqelelwa ukuba umthetho uqoqe ubufakazi obengeziwe noma uthole izindlela ezithile.

Ukubona ngaphaya kwangaphandle kungenye yezinto ezibalulekile. Ezindaweni eziningi, imvume ibuya (uhlu lwezinto noma imniningo luthathiwe) futhi ekugcineni lungagcinwa enkantolo futhi. Nokho, ezinye izivumelwano zokuhlola ngemitapo zigcinwa zivaliwe isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi phakathi nokuphenya okuqhubekayo. Ukulinganisela isidingo sokuhlola ngokufihla imininingwane yomphakathi kuseyinselele. Amaqembu angenalwazi anjenge American Civil Liberistic Union (ACLU) aye asunduza ukudluliswa ukuze athole ukukhanya okwengeziwe ngokuhlola kolwazi, kuhlanganise nokubika njalo ngenani lemiyadiyo yezincwadi ezisebenza ezinkampanini zobuchwepheshe nezinhlobo zemininingwane yemininingwane.

Imininingwane Emikhulu Ne - al: Usongo Olusha Ekulungeni

Ukuvela Kwamandla Nemininingwane

Imininingwane emikhulu yokuhlola nokuqamba i-alytics kanye nokuhlakanipha kokwenziwa kuye kwandisa kakhulu ikhono likahulumeni lokuhlola. Kunokuba zihlasele umuntu oyedwa osolwayo, izinhlangano manje zingaqoqa futhi zifake amarekhodi amakhulu emininingwane yezezimali, ukuthengiselana kwezezimali, imisebenzi yezezentengiselwano, amarekhodi okuhamba, futhi ngisho nevidiyo yomphakathi. Izimpawu ze-AIAlgorith zingahlunga phakathi kwalezi zintaba zemininingwane ukuze zibone izindlela zokuhlola, ukubikezela ukuziphatha, futhi zixhumanise abantu emiphakathini.

Izimfuneko eziqinile, njengoba ziqondwa ngokwesiko, azifanele ukubhekisa izinhlelo zokuhlola. Imvume ngokuvamile ihlasela umuntu othile, ithuluzi, noma i-akhawunti. Kodwa uma uhulumeni ethenga imininingwane yendawo enkulu kumniningo we-memori noma ukuthatha imethamitha kubantu bonke ngaphansi kohlelo olugunyazwe yinkantolo eyimfihlo (njengoba i-NA yenza ngaphansi kwe-Ctempoint 215 ye-Patriot Act), akukho lugunya olutholakele. Ikhono elivelayo lokuhlola, ukucubungula, nokuchaza incazelo yezigidi zabantu ngabanye ngaphandle kokusola okululaza injongo yemfuneko yomthetho.

Izinkantolo ziqala ukulwa nalokhu kucindezeleka. United States v. Jones (202), uMahluleli uSonia Sotomayor wabhala isixwayiso sokuthi ukuhlelwa kwemininingwane yendawo yeGPS ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kunga “veza umbono ojulile wokuphila komuntu” nokuthi iSichibiyelo sesine akumelwe sibekezelele izinyanga ezine mvume yokulandela. Isinqumo siye sakhuthaza izinkantolo eziphansi ukuba zifake izicelo zikahulumeni ezibanzi zemininingwane yezindaba zomlando, ikakhulukazi uma imininingwane ihlanganisa abantu abaningi abangasoleki.

Inqubo Yokubikezela Nemithetho Yomthetho

Amapulatifomu abikezela amaphoyisa asebenzisa amapulatifomu afunda ngomshini ukuze abikezele ukuthi ubugebengu bungavelaphi noma baphawule abantu abasengozini enkulu yokuhileleka ebugebengwini. Lamathuluzi ngokuvamile axhomeke emarekhodini obugebengu angokomlando, ukwaziswa kokubopha, kanye nezinye izinto ezingase zibonise izindlela zobupopopu eziyingozi. Uma umthetho usebenzisa izingozi ze-AIP ezibekwe phambili ukuze uthethelele, ukuphenya, noma imvume, imbangela engokwesiko ebangela ukwenziwa kwemiklamo ye-algorinto ingaba ngcono. Ngokwesibonelo, ukubikezela kwe-algorithm kungaba imbangela elindelekile? Impendulo ngokuvamile ayidingi `i-impela i-intelligingle ye-stingstingstingss ifuna ubufakazi obuyiqiniso, hhayi ngokwesilinganiso. Nokho eminye iminyango iye yamaphoyisa iye yasebenzisa izimpawu ze-alsalgorialder njengengxenye yezicelo, inyusa ukukhathazeka ngokucabanga okucunga umsindo (kusukela ekuvelweni kobukwayo izimpawu).

I- Brennan Center yeJaji[ nezinye izinhlangano zenkululeko zomphakathi ziye zabiza ukuqondisa kokucophelela kwe-politiki ebikezelayo, kuhlanganise nezimfuneko zokuba noma imuphi umniningo osetshenziselwa ukuveza izingozi zenani lenani lemali ukhutshwe, ukuthi amanani emithetho ahlolwe ngenxa yokukhetha, nokuthi izivumelwano azisekelwe kuphela esibikezelweni esisuselwe kuyikhompuyutha.

Abadayisi Bezinto Zentengiselwano Negebe Eliyinqaba

Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zokubalekela izinto zomuntu siqu kulesimiso samanje “igebe elikhulu” elivela lapho ukugcinwa komthetho kubathengi bemininingwane yezentengiselwano − kunokuphoqelelwa ngenqubo engokomthetho − okungadingeka imvume yokuthola. Ngenxa yokuthi iSichibiyelo sesine ngokuvamile asiwuvimbeli uhulumeni ekuthengeni imininingwane inkampani eye yaqoqa futhi yathengisa ngokuzithandela, amaphoyisa angathola umlando wendawo, imikhuba yokuthenga i-web, izingobo, futhi kakhulu ngaphandle kobungameleli obungamele ikomiti.

Lomkhuba uqalile eminyakeni yamuva. Abadayisi bemininingwane baye bahlanganisa ukwaziswa okuvela kuma-apps ocingo, izimoto ezixhumene, imishini ehlakaniphile yasekhaya, nezinhlelo zokwethembeka, bese bedayisa ukufinyelela izinhlangano zomthetho zokuqinisekisa umthetho. Ngisho nalapho imininingwane eyimfihlo iqoqwe ngemvume yomsebenzisi (ngokuvamile egqitshwe emithethweni emide yangasese), ukuntuleka kwemvume kusho ukuthi abantu abanasivikelo kuhulumeni ngokuphumelela ukuthenga ibala lokuphila kwabo kwansuku zonke. Izimo eziningi ziye zasungula umthetho wokufuna isiqinisekiso sokuthenga noma yimuphi ukwaziswa obengadinga umuntu ngokuqondile uma kutholakala ngokuqondile enkampanini yenkonzo, kodwa akukho mthetho kahulumeni ovala leligebekukhona.

Ochwepheshe bezomthetho baphikisa ngokuthi amaFramers of the Fommerment of the Fournce yesine ayengahlosile ukuba uhulumeni athathe iziqinisekiso ngokumane afinyelele ezikhwameni zabo zemali. Njengoba iNkantolo Ephakeme yaphawula ku i-Artent [, “umbuzo obucayi” uwukuthi indlela kahulumeni yokuthola“ ukulindele okusemthethweni ukuthi izinto zemfihlo,” akuyona yini ehilela ukuthengwa, noma enye indlela.

Imisebenzi Yokusungula Imithetho Nentuthuko Yamuva

Ukuxhumana Ngemishini Kuyimfihlo (ECPA)

Yasungulwa ngo-1986, i-ECPA yayiwumzamo wokuqala wokwandisa isivikelo semfihlo ekuxhumana ngemishini nasemininingwaneni egcinwe ngamalungu amathathu. Umthetho uhlukanisa phakathi kwezokuxhumana ezigciniwe (njenge-imeyili engafundwanga) namarekhodi okuthengiselana (njengokwaziswa okunesivumelwano). I-Ved Communications Act (SCA), ingxenye ye-ECPA, ngokuvamile idinga isiqinisekiso sokufinyelela imiyalezo egcinwe izinsuku ezingaphansi kuka-180. Imiyalezo emidala nemibhalo eminingi engahambisani.

Abagxeki baphawula ukuthi i-ECPA iphelelwe isikhathi kakhulu. Ayilindeleki ukuba kugcinwe amafu, indawo engokoqobo elandelanayo, noma umthamo omkhulu wabantu abanokwaziswa manje ophathiswe abantu besithathu. Imizamo yokuvuselela umthetho . "njenge-Emailmficy Act /" ikhona eKhongomeni. Ngenxa yalokho, igebe phakathi kwalokho i-ECPA evumelayo kanye nalokho iSichibiyelo sesine manje okufunwa (post-[] Carpeent )]) liye lakhula. Abasekeli bemi baphikisa ukuthi i-Cangresssion kufanele ivume ukuthi imvume kahulumeni yokufinyelela ulwazi lwezinombolo zabo siqu abamelwayo.

Carbate v. United States nethonya lako

Isisebenzi esiye salungisa umthetho wemfihlo ngezindlela eziningi. Izinkantolo eziphansi zikhombe izicelo zokungena eCSLI engokomlando, imfucumfucu yamangqamuzana, ngisho nezinye izinhlobo zemidatha. Isinqumo futhi siye saqinisa izinkantolo zikahulumeni ukuze zichaze imithetho-mthetho-sisekelo yazo, okungase kunikeze isivikelo esiqinile kuneSiphendulo Sesine sezwe esisemthethweni.

Okubalulekile, i-Carplate ayizange iyilawule ngokuphelele imfundiso yesithathu eyingxenye. Inkantolo yalinganisela ukuba kwayo nezici ezithile zokwaziswa okusendaweni yamangqamuzana. Okushiya ezinye izigaba eziningi zemitapo yesithathu (njengemidwebo ye-imeyili, amarekhodi emali, ne-IoT (Internet of Thile) imininingwane yezinzwa (Izimo zemvelo). Indaba yokuthi yiziphi izingxenyana zezibalo zenqubo zenqubo yezibalo ezikhona ngokwaneleyo “ezingaqiniseki" ukufuna isiqinisekiso sokuzinziwa.

Imithetho yemfihlo kahulumeni (isib., CCPA, GDPR)

Nakuba umthetho kahulumeni uhlala uhlukene, izishaya-mthetho zikahulumeni ziye zaqala ukumisa izikhungo zazo siqu zobumfihlo ze-apply Act (CCPA). I-California Consumer Influecly Act inikeza izakhamuzi ilungelo lokwazi ukuthi imuphi umniningo oqoqiwe ngazo, ukukhetha ukungayidayisi, nokucela ukukhishwa kwe-(kodwa) kodwa ayidingi ukuphendula ngokuqondile impikiswano yokungena kukahulumeni. Okubaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni izimfuneko, kunikeza imithetho ebanzi ehlanganisa ukuqoqwa kokwaziswa nokufuna ukukhanya okungagunyaziwe kokwaziswa okuvela emkhosini womthetho.

Ku-European Union, i-General Data Protection Regation (GDPR) inikeza isibonelo esihlukile: ilinganisela ukuhanjiswa kwemininingwane yomuntu siqu futhi idinga isisekelo esingokomthetho sanoma isiphi isicelo sikahulumeni, kuhlanganise nenqubo engokomthetho eyanele ezweni elicelayo. Nakuba i-GDPR ingasebenzisi igama elithi “i-arrant,” izimiso zayo zokulinganisela, ukulinganisela kwenjongo, futhi ukubonakala ngokugqamile kuvumelana nendinganiso.

Ukudluliswa kwemininingwane yomhlaba wonke kwenza ukuba umthetho we-U.S. ulwenze kube nzima ukugcinwa kwemithetho efuna ukwaziswa okugcinwe phesheya kumelwe kusebenzise izivumelwano ze-bivolution njenge-CLOUD Act, emisa izivumelwano eziphetheyo zokuthola ukwaziswa okunqamule imingcele. Lezivumelwano zihlose ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ohulumeni bakwamanye amazwe bayohlonipha iziqondiso eziyisisekelo, kodwa abacusumbuli bakhathazeka ngokuthi banganciphisa izimfuneko zokugunyazwa ngokufaka izigijijimi esikhundleni sengxoxo zezobungameli zokwahlulela.

Izimiso Eziyinhloko Zesivikelo Esinhle

Izimiso eziyisisekelo ezenza imfuneko edingayo yokuvikela isikhathi sokuba wedwa esisebenzayo zimiswe kahle:

  • Isizathu esifanelekile:[ uhulumeni kumelwe anikeze amaqiniso anele kumahluleli abonisa inkolelo enengqondo yokuthi ubufakazi bobugebengu buzotholakala. Lendinganiso ivimbela ukuseshwa noma ukuhlukumeza.
  • Intengo: Isivumelwano kumele sichaze indawo ekhethekile okuzoseshwa kuyo futhi kuthathwe imininingwane noma izinto. Lokhu kuvimbela ububanzi bophendlo futhi kuvimbele izivumelwano ezivamile ezizovumela inetha.
  • [ Ukugada okuqulileyo: Imantshi engathathi hlangothi nengabo ababodwa kumele ivume imvume ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukuseshwa. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi isinqumo asenziwanga muntu ngokusemthethweni.
  • Ukwehla kwesikhathi nokwaziswa: Ezimweni eziningi zobugebengu, imvume kumele ikhishwe ngesikhathi esilinganiselwe, futhi umuntu ompahla yakhe yahlolwa unelungelo lokuqaphela kamuva, ngaphandle kokuba inkantolo igunyaze ukulibala.
  • Imfuneko yokubuya: abaphathi-mikhosi kumelwe babhale inkantolo uhlu lwezinto noma ukwaziswa okuthathweyo, kunikeze umbhalo wenselele yesikhathi esizayo noma ukulandisa.

Lezi zimiso, ezisetshenziswa emininingwaneni yemishini, zisiza ekulondolozeni ukulinganisela kwezindaba zomuntu siqu ngisho nanjengoba ubuchwepheshe bushintsha. Noma kunjalo, izinkantolo nabenzi bomthetho kumelwe baqhubeke bezivumelanisa nokubheka izindlela ezintsha zokuhlola, njengokulandelela imishini yangempela, ukubikezela ukuthi ikhona, kanye nokuqoqwa kokwaziswa okusakazekile okuvela emithonjeni ehlangene.

Izinselele Nezimpikiswano Ezingaphambili

Isibonakaliso Esiqanjiwe Sokubhala

Ukukhomba okuphelezelayo, njengoba kusetshenziswa izinkonzo ezinjengesibonakaliso ne-Awapp, kuvimbela ngisho nomphathi wenkonzo ukuba afunde okuqukethwe yimiyalezo. Lokhu kuvikela amathuba ezindaba zomsebenzisi kodwa futhi kudala ukungezwani komthetho, okuphikisa ngokuthi imvume ayisebenzi uma ingakwazi ukuphoqa ukubhalwa. Impikiswano nge- “kutholakala okungaphezulu” noma“izindawo zangemva zomsebenzi” zihlala zinobudlova. Uhulumeni ucindezele imithetho efuna izinhlangano zobuchwepheshe ukuba zisize ekuqinisekisweni lapho zinikezwa imvume, kodwa abalobi bemi bemishicisholo nabameleli bemfihlo baxwayisa ngokuthi noma isiphi isiphi isiphi isiphi isiphi isiphi isiphi isiphiwo esingenza abasebenzisi bangakwazi ukuphepha. Inkantolo ephakeme ayikahlule ngokuqondile ukuthi imvume yokukhipha ucingo, kodwa izinkantolo eziphansi zihlukene, ngokukhipha ilungelo lokuzishintsha kwemithetho ehambisana nemvume yokuzishintsha.

Izicelo zemininingwane yesiphambano-sohluliwe

Uma ukwaziswa kugcinwa ezweni elihlukile, ukuthola imvume kungase kube yinkimbinkimbi ngokomthetho. Indaba ye-Microsoft Ireland (2018) ibeka iqophelo loMthetho we-CLOUD, ovumela iziphathimandla ze-U.S. ukuba zisebenzise izivumelwano ngokuqondile eU.S. ukuze zigcine ukwaziswa noma kuphi, uma zilandela izimfuneko zokuvumelana. Ngokuphambene, ohulumeni bakwamanye amazwe bangangena ezivumelwaneni ukuze bathole ukwaziswa okuvela ku-U.S. izinkampani ngaphandle kokuhamba ngenqubo ye-UTUALLLS LANTTT (MLT), zingakhonelisa kakhulu kunemvume edingayo. Ukukhipha isilinganiso sokulunga phakathi kobukhosi, ucingo lwezindaba, nokuhlola okuphumelelayo kuhlala kuyinselele enkulu.

Ubufakazi Obuvamile Nenqubo Efanele

Njengoba amathuluzi e-Al eba ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ukugcinwa komthetho kungancika ezinhlotsheni zokufunda ngomshini ukuze kuvezwe ubufakazi obufana nokuqaphela ubuso noma ukubheka phambili. Uma amanani angaphansi ewubukhazikhazi noma exeshiwe, abamangalelwa bangase bangakwazi ukubekela inselele imbangela engenzekayo yemvume noma ukwethembeka kobufakazi. Izinkantolo ziqala ukulwisana “nebhokisi elimnyama”, zihlola izimfuneko zokuqeqesha ulwazi, ukuhlola ukunemba, nekhono labamangalelwa lokunqamule i-AII-amine-gen-gener. Ezinye izifunda kakade sezinemingcele yokusetshenziswa kwamaphoyisa ngokuqashelwa kobuso ezimisweni zangempela, kuyilapho ezinye zidinga ukuqinisekiswa kwanoma yikuphi ukubonakala kwabantu ngezimoto.

Ukukhula kokuhlola i-AI driven . Kuhlanganisa nokuqoqwa kwezincwadi ezizisebenzelayo, ababhemayo, abaholi be-Wi-Fi, kanye nababhemi be-CCTV analytics − nakho kubekela inselele imfuneko ngoba lamathuluzi avame ukuqoqa imininingwane ngokungakhethi, ngaphandle kokusola ukona. Izicelo ezigunyaza ukuqoqwa kwemininingwane yesilinganiso esikhulu akuzange kucatshangelwe amaFramers. Izazi zomthetho zisikisela ukuthi amabhodi aqondisa abaphathi, ukuhlolwa, ukuhlasela, kanye nemingcele eqinile yokungatshalwa kwemithetho enkathini e-Alyua.

Isiphetho: Ukugcina isikhathi sokuba wedwa eMhlanganweni Wemininingwane

Imfuneko ilokhu ingenye yamathuluzi anamandla kakhulu okuvikela imfihlo yomuntu ngamunye, ngisho nanjengoba ukwaziswa okukhulu nokuhlakanipha kokwenziwa kuguqula indawo yokuhlola. Ngokufuna ngenkani imbangela, ukuqamba, nokuqondisa kokwahlulela, kugunyaza amaphoyisa ukuba angayi ezindaweni zokudoba noma ekuhloleni inqwaba yabantu ngaphandle kokusolana. Nokho, ukusetshenziswa okwandayo kwabezokwaziswa, izimpawu zokubikezela, kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlola ezihlola kakhulu kuhlola imingcele yalesivikelo samakhulu eminyaka akudala.

Ukuze kugcinwe izivikelo ezinengqondo zomuntu siqu, izinkantolo kumelwe ziqhubeke zisebenzisa izimiso eziyisisekelo zeSichibiyelo sesine ebuchwepheshini obusha, futhi izishaya-mthetho kumelwe zivale izikhala ezinjengokuthengwa kokwaziswa kwabadayisi bezentengiselwano. Ukuvunyelwa kwemithetho yezomthetho wezwe nezimiso zikahulumeni ezithuthukisiwe nakho kuzofeza indima ebalulekile. Ekugcineni, umgomo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukulinganisela phakathi kokulondeka nokufihla imfihlo akugciniwe kuze kube yilapho izakhamuzi zishiywa zichayeke ezingenisweni ezingadingekile zemishini. Ukusekela lesi sidingo (ne) nokusivumelanisa nezwe lanamuhla ukuba kugcinwe umthetho futhi nobuchwepheshe obugcina ukuphila kwethu.