Isisekelo Sobuhlalisane Obunolwazi: Ukuqonda Umthombo Wobungane

Enkathini lapho ukwaziswa kugeleza ngesivinini esingenakulinganiswa, ikhono lokuhlukanisa ukwaziswa okuthembekile nokungaqondakali alikho nje ikhono eliwusizo, kodwa liyikhonzi lokuhlanganyela kwentando yeningi. Usuku ngalunye, izakhamuzi zihlaselwa ngezihloko eziphambili, izikhungo zezokuxhumana, izihloko zezindaba, nezicubu zemibono. Ngaphandle kwendlela ehleliwe yokuhlola imithombo, ngisho nabantu abanezinhloso ezinhle bangawela ezitheni ekulandiseni okungamanga noma ukubika okunemibono ephambene. Lesiqondiso esibanzi sinikeza uhlelo olujulile, olusekelwe ekuboneni ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa, ukudweba ukucwaninga kokufunda nokufunda nokusebenza kobuchwepheshe.

Imithombo ethembekile iyisisekelo sengxoxo yomphakathi enolwazi. Ivumela abavoti ukuba bahlole izihlongozo zezimiso, bavumele izintatheli ukuba zithathe isibopho sokubusa, futhi basize imiphakathi ukuba yenze izinqumo ngempilo, ngemfundo, nangendawo ebusayo. Uma izakhamuzi zisebenzisa imithombo ethembekile, idemokratistiki iyamelana nokusetshenziswa kwemithetho. Ngokuphambene, ukuthembela emithonjeni engathembekile kungaqeda ukwethembana ezikhungweni zezinhlangano futhi kunciphe inkulumo yasobala. Ukuqonda ukuthi ukuhlaziya imithombo kuyisibopho somphakathi kanye nesivikelo somuntu siqu ekuhluzekeni kwezindaba.

Yini Eyenza Izimfanelo Zithembeke?

Imithombo enokwethenjelwa kakhulu inezimfanelo ezifanayo ezingahlolwa njalo.

  • I-'umbhali osobala nolandisa: Umthombo uveza ngokucacile ukuthi obani abadale okuqukethwe kanye nokuthi iziphi izisekelo zabo. Bheka ama-accessing system, amadegree emfundo, noma ubuchwepheshe bokuqinisekisa. Imithombo engaziwa noma eyimfihlo kufanele iphathwe ngokuqapha ngaphandle kokuba ukungazi nhlobo kuthethelelwa ngezinkinga ezingokomthetho zokuphepha (umz., abacuphisi-mlo).
  • Ukwengamela kobuholi kanye nezinqubo zobuqiniso: Izinhlangano ezihloniphekayo zisebenzisa abahleli, abahlola amaqiniso, neziqondisi zezitayela. Zilungisa amaphutha obala futhi zigcine izimiso zokulungisa. Umthombo ongalokothi uphendulise noma ulungise amaphutha izimpawu zokungathembeki.
  • Ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo eyinhloko nobufakazi obuqinisekisiwe: imithombo ethembekile ikhomba imininingwane yokuqala, imibhalo engokomthetho, izifundo ezihlolwa ontanga, noma izikhawu zamehlo. Qaphela ukuthi usho ukuthi uthembele kuphela efindlweni ezisusiwe noma ezingeni elingaziwa.
  • Isiboniso esicacile semibono encintisanayo: Nakuba kungezona zonke izihloko zidinga ukuveza nhlangothi zombili zendaba (ikakhulukazi uma olunye uhlangothi lungasekelwe qiniso), umthombo othembekile uzomelela ukuvumelana kochwepheshe futhi uvume ukungaqiniseki okungokomthetho.
  • Ukuguquguquka nokwenza isikhathi: ulwazi luthatha isikhathi ngokushesha emikhakheni enyakazayo ehamba ngokushesha njengemikhakha yezokwelapha, ezobuchwepheshe, nezombangazwe. Hlola izinsuku zokunyatheliswa ufune ushintsho noma uhlelo olubukeziwe. Umthombo oneminyaka emihlanu ubudala ungabe uthembekile kumongo ongokomlando kodwa hhayi ezehlakalweni zamanje.

Lezi zici azikho ngaso sonke isikhathi kuzo zonke izici. I-ngosi eyodwa evela kusosayensi onedumela elihle ingase ingabi naso isombululo kodwa ithembeke uma umlobi aziwa futhi lokho okushiwoyo kusekelwe ebufakazini. Isihluthulelo siwukusebenzisa lezi zinketho ngokusekelwe kumongo nezigxobo zesinqumo osenzayo.

Ukuqaphela Imithombo Ehlukahlukene

Ukuqonda imithombo yezincwadi okungakholeki akulingani, kukusiza ukuba wazi ukuthi ingakanani imithombo okufanele uyinike yona.

Imithombo eyinhloko

Lezi yizinto zokuqala ezingachazwanga noma ezingahlungwanga ezinye. Izibonelo zihlanganisa imininingwane kahulumeni, izinqumo zenkantolo, izihloko zesayensi, amabhukwana omlando, nezingxoxo eziqoshiwe. Imithombo eyisisekelo ingeyokuthenjelwa kakhulu ekutheni izinto ziyiqiniso, kodwa idinga ukufundwa ngokucophelela kwe-(-raw memone) uma ungenalwazi.

Indikima ezithandekayo

Le mithombo eyisisekelo icubungula, noma i-critique. Imithombo yezindaba edumile, izincwadi, nokubukeza izihloko ikhona lapha. Ukwethembeka komthombo wesibili kuxhomeke kakhulu ekunembeni kwencazelo yawo. Ukuhlola imithombo yesiphambano nemithombo eyinhloko ngokuvamile kuhlakaniphile lapho kuthathwa izinqumo eziphakeme.

Imithombo Engenawo Amandla

Le mininingwane ihlanganisa ukwaziswa okuvela emithonjeni eyinhloko nakwemibili ngaphandle kokuhlaziywa sekuqaleni (ngokwesibonelo), ama-encyclopedia, ama-almanac, nezinye izingosi ze-ibhusayithi. Nakuba ingasiza ekutholeni ukucubungula, akumelwe kusetshenziswe ukusekela izimpikiswano ezigxekayo ngaphandle kokuqiniseka. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Wkipedia iyiphuzu eliwusizo lokuqalisa kodwa kufanele liqinisekiswe njalo ngezikhombo ezihlangene.

Kumphakathi wentando yeningi, izakhamuzi zivame ukuncika enxanxatheleni yale mithombo. Umgomo ukuvumelana nomthombo wendaba. Esinqumweni sezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa kontanga (i-prime) kuthembeke kakhulu kunesihloko esifingqiwe sephephandaba (esesibili). Kunomnyunzi wendawo, umthombo oyinhloko onjengombhalo ongokomthetho wokuvota uthembeke kakhulu kunombono womuntu okhethiwe.

I - Ecosystem Yolwazi: Indlela Imithombo Ye - bia Ne - incentives Eyiyo

Ukuqonda la mandla kubalulekile ukuze kubonwe ukuthi anokwethenjelwa yini.

  • Izibonelo ezivezayo: Imithombo encike emalini yokukhangisa ingabeka phambili izihloko zezindaba ezivusa inkanuko ukuze zithathe izinkinobho. Izinhlangano zezindaba ezingazuzi nzuzo ngokuvamile zinezisusa ezingafani, zigxile enkonzweni yomphakathi kunenzuzo. Bheka ikhasi elithi “Nge [1] ukuze kutholakale izimali.
  • Ukuhlelwa kwemibono: Izindlela eziningi zokukhipha izikhali zinemiqondo enzima yezombangazwe. Lokhu akuzenzeli ukuba zingazenzeki zingakwazi, kodwa kudinga ukuba ukwazi ukudalula. Umthombo wesobunxele owehlayo ungaqokomisa amaqiniso ahlukene kunowokulungisa ngakwesokudla, ngisho noma kokubili kulungile.
  • Okuqukethwe yi- okunentengiselwano nezokukhangisa: Okuqukethwe yizikhangiso okulingisa izihloko zomhleli kungaba okudukisayo. Imithombo ehloniphekayo ichaza ngokucacile lokho okuqukethwe, kodwa eminye ingafiphaza umugqa. Ungangabaza ulimi olukhuthaza ngokweqile.
  • Imifelandawo yezindaba nezokukhohlisa: Eminye imithombo iklanyelwe ukukhohlisa ngamabomu, ibonakale izimele lapho isebenzisa uhlelo lwezombangazwe noma lwezentengiselwano. Hlola ukubhalisa kombuso, funa izikhombo ezaziwayo ze-diffiception, futhi sebenzisa izisethi zokuhlola iqiniso.

Umbiko ovela ethangini elicabangayo ungase uthembeke kodwa ubonise nemibono esekelwe kulo. Imithombo enokwethenjelwa ivuma obala ubandlululo lwazo futhi ikwenze ukwazi ukuthola ukwaziswa okunganembile ukuze ukwazi ukufinyelela iziphetho zakho.

Imisebenzi Yokuhlola Isakhemu Engokoqobo: I - SIFT Nokufunda Kwangemva Kwesikole

Abacwaningi bezokuxhumana baye basungula izindlela eziwusizo umuntu angazisebenzisa, ezimbili eziphumelela kakhulu indlela yesiFT nokufunda kwangemva kwesikhathi.

Indlela Yokusebenzisa ISIFU

Njengoba yasungulwa uMike Caulfield eWashington State University, i - SIFT imelela lokhu:

  • [ Meka:[ Ngaphambi kokuba uhileleke ekuqukethe, yima ucabange ngalokho okwaziyo ngomthombo. Ungahlanganyeli noma wenze okuthile ngokwaziswa kuze kube yilapho usukuqinisekisile.
  • Hlanganisa umthombo: Ukufuna ukwaziswa ngomlobi, ummemezeli, kanye nedumela labo. Uphenyo olusheshayo olufana no-“Ukushintsha isimo sezulu somlando” lungaveza izingxabano zesithakazelo noma ulwazi.
  • Thola uphetho olungcono: Esikhundleni sokuhlaziya ukuphikisana ngokujule, funa umcabango othenjwayo ovela ephepheni elithembekile noma engosini yezindaba. Ngokuvamile indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqinisekisa ukuthi lokho okushiwoyo kungukuthola umthombo ophakeme ofingqa ubufakazi.
  • izisho, iminonjana, nemithombo yezindaba emongweni wokuqala: Uma iposi linemboze ingcaphuno noma izibalo, lilandelele emuva emthonjeni walo wokuqala. I-Misformation ivame ukuvela emibhalweni ebhalwe ngokulandelana. Sebenzisa ukuphenya okuphambene kwesithombe sezithombe namavidiyo.

Ukufunda Kwamuva

Ukufunda okulandelayo kuwumkhuba wokushiya ikhasi lokuqala ukuze kuhlolwe ukwethenjelwa kwalo ngokuvula ama-tab amasha ngemithombo ezimele. Esikhundleni sokuhlola umthombo ngokufunda i- “Ngekhasi” (elilawulwa umsuka), uphenya lokho abanye abakushoyo. Lelisu lisetshenziswa abaqaphi abanolwazi bangempela futhi liphumelela kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, uma uhlangana nesihloko esifuna ikhambi eliyisimangaliso, vula i-tab entsha bese uhlola “ikhasi elisha elikhanselwe” noma“ ikhambi elikhanselelweyo.X.com. Imiphumela izokubonisa ngokushesha ukuthi umthombo ubhekwa njengothembekile noma cha.

Zombili lezi zindlela zidinga isikhathi esincane futhi zingasetshenziswa ezikhungweni zezokuxhumana, ezikuyizindaba, ngisho nasezihlokweni zemfundo.

Izindlela Ezivamile Zokucabanga Ezihlolwa Ngaphansi Kwemithombo Yemine

Ngisho nangamathuluzi angcono kakhulu, ukusebenza kwengqondo yomuntu kungasidukisa.

  • Ukungavumelani: Ukuthambekela ekusekeleni ukwaziswa okuqinisekisa izinkolelo ezikhona. Hlolisisa uphenye imithombo ebekela imibono yakho inselele futhi uhlole ubufakazi bayo ngokwethembeka.
  • Ukukwazi ukuphelela: Sibheka ukwaziswa njengokuthembeke kakhulu uma kufikela engqondweni kalula, ngokwesibonelo, ngoba kuye kwahlanganyelwa kabanzi. Khumbula ukuthi ukuthandwa akulona iqiniso elilinganayo.
  • Umphumela we-Kurgunter:[ Abantu abanolwazi olulinganiselwe lwesihloko bangawedlula kakhulu amandla abo okuhlola imithombo kuleyondaba. Thembela kuchwepheshe ukuvumelana uma ungenalwazi olujulile.
  • Imiphumela engekho mthethweni: ucabanga ukuthi wonke umuntu uvumelana nomthombo othembekile ongaholela ekuzethembeni ngokweqile. Hlola ukucubungula okuzimele ngaphambi kokwamukela ukuvuma.

Ukuqaphela lokhu kuthambekela akuziqedi, kodwa kukwenza ube nokwenzeka ngokwengeziwe ukuba ume futhi usebenzise izindlela zokuqinisekisa ngaphambi kokwamukela ukwaziswa okubalulekile.

Amathuluzi Nemithombo Yezinto Ezingaqinisekisa Imithombo

Ukuthungatha umshini wobuchwepheshe kungasiza ekuhloleni imithombo. Ukuyithumela emsebenzini kwenza inqubo isheshe futhi ithembeke.

Ukuhlanganisa lamathuluzi nenqubo yeSIFT kukunika inqolobane enamandla yokumelana nokwaziswa okunganembile.

Ukucatshangelwa Okukhethekile Kwezinto Ezitholakala Emkhakheni Wezokuxhumana Nakuzo Izinombolo

Imithombo yezindaba yezokuzijabulisa isiwumthombo oyinhloko kubantu abaningi, kodwa futhi yenza izinto ezingathembekile zibe yize.

  • Qonda iposi lokuqala: Ime noma isithombe-skrini esihlanganyelwa umngane kungenzeka sasuka e-akhawuntini engaziwa noma engathembekile. Trace abuyele kwiposi yokuqala ngaphambi kokukholwa noma ukwabelana.
  • Qaphela amakhekhe ajulileyo kanye nama-Al-geneneveveve: Intuthuko e-II e-generative yenza kube nokwenzeka ukudala izithombe zenkohliso, ezomsindo, nevidiyo. Bheka ukubona, hlola ukusekela imibiko emithonjeni ethembekile, futhi usebenzise amathuluzi anjenge i-Ad Fontes Media[ noma i-software ye-ensic.
  • Funda ngalé kwesihloko esikhulu: Iziteshi eziningi zezokuxhumana zihlanganyela kuphela izihloko zezindaba, ezingadukisa noma zingaphelele. Ngaso sonke isikhathi chofoza kusihloko esiphelele futhi uqinisekise izinkulumo ezimelene neminye imithombo.
  • Ngaphansi kokuhlelwa komthetho-mthetho: Izinhlelo ezinjengo Facebook no-Twitter zisebenzisa i-algorithm ezibonisa ukuthi wanelisekile njengalokho oke wakwenza ngaphambili. Lokhu kungakha amagumbi okungena engomeni. Landela ngokuzikhandla imithombo ehlukahlukene, enedumela elihle ukuze wandise ukudla kwakho kolwazi.

Imithombo yezokuxhumana ayiyona ingethembeki ngokwemvelo, kodwa idinga ukucubungula kakhulu.

Indima Yokufuna Ukuthola Imithombo Yezindaba Iwumthetho Ekubikeni Okunokwethenjelwa

Ukubheka izindaba zezobuchwepheshe kusebenza ngaphansi kwezimiso zezimiso ezibeka kuqala ukunemba, ubulungisa, nokulandisa. Ukuqaphela lezizindinganiso kukusiza ukuba uthole izikhangiso zezindaba ezinokwethenjelwa.

  • Izimiso zokulungisa: Izinhlangano zezindaba ezithembekile zikhipha izinguquko ezisobala nezivuselela izihloko ukuze zibonise ukwaziswa okuqinisekisiwe. Bheka amanothi okulungisa engezansi kwezihloko.
  • Ukuqondana ngemithombo: Izintatheli kufanele zembule ukuthi zitholephi ukwaziswa kwazo ngaphandle kokuvikela umthombo oyimfihlo. Ukujiya okungaziwa kufanele kube yivelakancane futhi kuthetheleleke.
  • Ukuhlukanisa izindaba nombono: Izindawo ezicaciswayo ezichaza ngokucacile izingcezu zemibono, izihloko zomhleli, nokuhlaziywa njengokuhlukene nombiko wezindaba oqondile. Uma indawo ifiphaza lemigqa, yiqonde ngokuqapha.
  • Ukuncika ethonyeni lezombangazwe noma lezinhlangano zezezindaba: Izinhlangano eziningi zinemithetho yokuziphatha evimbela izintatheli ukuba zithathe uhlangothi. Qaphela izakhiwo zokunakekela /-media yezezinhlangano ezithakazelelwayo.

Nakuba kungenakukhishwa ngokuphelele, labo abanamathela kulezi zindinganiso zokuziphatha cishe bayakwazi ukuveza ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa.

Ukwakha Amakhono Olwazi Athatha Isikhathi Eside Okufunda Nokubhala

Ukuhlukanisa imithombo ethembekile akulona ikhono elithatha isikhathi esisodwa kodwa umkhuba oqhubekayo. Ukuqinisa amakhono akho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi:

  • Zibophelele emithonjeni eminingi yezindaba ethembekile emelela imibono ehlukene. Lokhu kukunika isisekelo sokuqhathanisa.
  • Thatha izifundo zokufunda nokubhala zezokuxhumana ezinikezwa yizinhlangano ezinjenge- News Literaccry Project noma iCentre for Media and Information Literacy.
  • veza isimiso sokuqinisekisa [ phambi kokuhlanganyela ukwaziswa. Misa imizuzwana engu-30 ukuhlola umthombo, usuku, nobufakazi.
  • [ fundisa abanye[ `Izindlela zokuchaza ziqinisa ukuqonda kwakho futhi zisize ukwakha umphakathi onolwazi.
  • Hlala unelukuluku futhi uthobeke ngalokho ongakwazi. Abantu abathembeke kakhulu yilabo abazimisele ukuvuselela izinkolelo zabo ezisekelwe ebufakazini obusha.

Emphakathini wentando yeningi, impilo yenkulumo yeningi ixhomeke ezakhamuzini ezikwaziyo ukuthola ukwaziswa ngokuqapha. Ngokusebenzisa izici namathuluzi achazwe lapha, awuzivikeli nje kuphela ekudukisweni kodwa futhi unezela ekubusweni kwentando yeningi okuqinile nokuqinile.

Isiphetho: Izakhamuzi Ezinolwazi Ziqinisa Intando Yeningi

Ikhono lokuhlukanisa imithombo ethembekile aliyona nje into eyigugu yomuntu siqu. Uma izakhamuzi zisebenzisa ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa njalo, impikiswano yomphakathi iba yisisekelo sobufakazi obuningi, izinqumo zezimiso zihlakaniphe kangcono, futhi ukuthembela ezinhlanganweni zentando yeningi kungavuselelwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusakazeka kokwaziswa okungathembekile kululaza ukuhlukanisa kwenkinga nokunika amandla.

Lo mqondisi unikeze i-athomu elibanzi: izimpawu zokuqonda, ukuqaphela izitezi zemithombo, ukusebenzisa i-SIFT kanye nezindlela zokufunda zamuva, ukuqaphela ubandlululo lokucabanga, ukusebenzisa amathuluzi amanani, nokuhlola izimiso zokuhlola. Ngokuzayo lapho uthola indaba yezindaba, iposi lezokuxhumana, noma ukugoqoza kokucwaninga, ikhefu futhi usebenzise lezi zindlela. Ngokuzijwayeza, zikwenza ube ufunde, usebenzise amakhono olwazi, usebenzise awethule ukuba ube umthengisi onokuqonda futhi ube umthathi nomthwalo wemfanelo ekulawuleni idemokhrasi.