Isimiso Esingokomthetho Sokudlulisela Amalungelo

Ukuqamba kuyisici esiyinhloko sokuhlanganyela kwentando yeningi, kodwa ikhono lokufaka i-collet akuyona nje indaba yokuveza i-collet enqulwini. Uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lwemithetho kahulumeni ne-omgadenti, izimemezelo zenkantolo, nezimiso zezinhlangano luchaza ukuthi ubani ongavota, indlela abhalisa ngayo, futhi yiziphi izindlela ezisetshenziswayo ukuphonsa nokubala. Ukuqonda loluhlelo olungokomthetho lubalulekile kunoma yimuphi umvoti ofuna ukuqondisa isimiso ngokuqiniseka, ugweme izingozi ezifanayo, futhi uqaphele lapho amalungelo awo ebekelwe inselele. Nakuba isimiso esiyinhloko siwukuthi isakhamuzi ngasinye esifanelekayo kufanele sibe nethuba elilinganayo lokuvota, iqiniso elingokomthetho ngokuvamile lilolongwa yizimpikiswano eziqhubekayo ngokuphatheleneyo, ukungena, ukulondeka, ukumelela.

Lo mqondisi uphula isihluthulelo sesimiso somthetho njengoba sihlobene namalungelo okuvota, kusukela ekuvikelweni kwemithetho kahulumeni ewuphawu kuya emithethweni ewumbuso engadala ukungaboni ngaso linye okuphawulekayo kuye ngokuthi uhlalaphi. Ekupheleni, uyoba nombono ocacile wamalungelo akho, imithetho ewavikelayo, nezinyathelo ezisebenzayo ongazithatha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izwi lakho liyazwakala kunoma yiluphi ukhetho.

Imithetho Eyinhloko Yesifunda Evikela Ukunikezwa Kwamalungelo Abantu

Isivikelo sokuvota esinamandla kakhulu sivela kuKhongolokazi ngochungechunge lwezinguquko zomthetho - sisekelo nemithetho kahulumeni.

Umthetho Ka - 1965 Wokulwela Amalungelo Abantu

Mhlawumbe umthetho wokuvota olandelwa kakhulu emlandweni waseMelika, iVoting Rights Act (VRA) yadluliselwa ukuze kuqedwe ukucwaswa kobandlululo lwezinhlanga ekuvoteni. Ingxenye 2 ye-VRA inqabela noma imuphi umkhuba wokuvota ophumela ekuphikisweni noma ekuncishisweni kwelungelo lokuvota nge-oversi, ibala, noma ubulungu eqenjini elimbalwa lolimi. Isigaba 5 ekuqaleni sasifuna amazwe athile nezindawo ezinomlando wokucwaswa kukahulumeni ngaphambi kokuba kushintshwe imithetho yawo yokuvota. Inqubo yokuvota eyaziwa njenge-preferadance. Inkantolo Ephakeme ye- 2013 eyaziwa njengesinqumo se- County [[FLT] v. Baker[FLD:1] shond] sholorced short 5 process, kodwa isigaba 2 sihlala siyithuluzi elinamandla lemithetho ye-parpin.

Abavoti kufanele bazi ukuthi iVRA isavikela imithetho ye-ID yobandlululo, ukuvota indawo yokuvala, kanye namasu ahlaziya amandla okuvota amancane. UMnyango woMahluleli uyaqhubeka uphoqelela loMthetho ngokuphoqelela. Eminye imininingwane, i-Civil Rights’s Divisionting VoLT ilondoloza isiqondiso nezindlela zokukhononda.

Umthetho Ka - 1964 Wamalungelo Abantu

Nakuba yayaziwa kakhulu ngokunqabela ukucwaswa kwezindawo zomphakathi zokuhlala nemisebenzi, i-Civil Rights Act yayinelungiselelo elibalulekile lokuvota. I-I ye-Act yakhuluma ngezimfuneko zokuvota zobuvoti, ikwenza kube okungekho emthethweni ukusebenzisa izindinganiso ezihlukahlukene kubantu abafaka isicelo esisekelwe ngokohlanga noma ebala. Yakwenqabela futhi ukusetshenziswa kokuhlolwa kokufunda njengemfuneko yokuvota kuhulumeni okhethweni.

UMthetho Wokubhalisa Wesizwe Ka - 1993

I-Mor Voter Act evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-Mor Voter, i-National Voter Religister Act (NVRA) iklanyelwe ukwenza ukubhalisa kwevoti kutholakale kalula. Kudinga ukuba amazwe anikeze amathuba okubhalisa ezinhlangano zezimoto, amahhovisi omphakathi osizo, nezikhungo zenkonzo zokukhubazeka. I-NVRA futhi igunyaza ukuthi ivumele ukubhaliswa kweposi nokugcinwa kwenqubo elungile yokususa izingqwembe. Ngaphansi kwe-NVRA, amazwe awakwazi ukususa izivumelwano zokubhalisa ngoba nje ehlulekile ukuvota isivikelo esibalulekile ekuvotisini. I-ACCOMCOM)[FLT] Ikhomisha yokwenza izimfuneko ezingoko.[FLD:1]

Usizo LweMelika Luhlanganisa Umthetho Ka - 2002

Idluliswa ekuphenduleni ekubaleni impikiswano ngo mongameli ka 2000, iHelp America Vote Act (HAVA) yamisa izindinganiso ezintsha zezimiso zokuvota nokuphathwa kokhetho. Yadala i-Evotion Application Commission, ifuna ukuba kufakwe izisekelo zokubhalisa ze-offail ezweni lonke, isungulwe imishini yokuvota esemthethweni, futhi yagunyaza imishini yokuvota etholakalayo kubantu abakhubazekile. I-HOVA yanikeza nezimali zokuthuthukisa imishini yokuvota. Nakuba yathuthukisa ukuvumelana, imininingwane eminingi yokuqondisa kokhetho isalawulwa nguhulumeni, yaholela ekubeni iqhubeke nokushintsha kwezindawo.

Ezinye Izivikelo Eziyinhloko

I-Viewnficed and Overseas Abface Voing Act (UOCAVA) iqinisekisa ukuthi izisebenzi zezempi nezakhamuzi ezihlala kwamanye amazwe zingabhalisa futhi zivote ekukhetheni kukahulumeni. I-Voting Accounting for the Eldern and Handicad Act idinga izindawo zokuhlola ukuze zitholakale kubantu abakhubazekile. Futhi i-Voter Religiption Act ihlanganisa amalungiselelo avikela abavoti ekususweni ngokukhohlisa emibhalweni. I-osene, lemithetho yakha inethi yokuphepha eliqinile likahulumeni, kodwa ayisiqeshisi isidingo sokuqapha kwe-gent.

Ukuguquguquka Kwemithetho Engaphansi Kahulumeni

Nakuba umthetho kahulumeni ubeka isisekelo somthetho wesisekelo, i-United States iphethe isimiso sokukhetha esihloniphekile lapho isifundazwe ngasinye (nesifunda ngasinye) sivame ukwenza izinqumo eziningi ezibucayi mayelana nendlela okhethwe ngayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho kokuvota kungahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi uhlalaphi. Ukuqonda imithetho eqondile kazwelonke kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ungavota ngaphandle kwezithiyo ezingadingekile.

Imithetho Yezincwadi

Enye yezindawo ezibonakala kakhulu yi-covotator. Ezinye izifunda-mathingi yesithombe, kuyilapho ezinye zivuma uhlu olubanzi lwezincwadi ezinjengezikweleti zenzuzo noma izitatimende zebhange. Izifundazwe ezimbalwa azinayo imfuneko ye-ID. Imithetho ye-indidi yomvoti ingasusa abavoti abangenayo imibhalo edingekayo, ikakhulukazi abafikela abantu ngabanye, abadala, nabafundi. Amavoter kufanele aqinisekise izimfuneko zabo zombuso ngaphambi koSuku Lokhetho. [[FLT: 0] Ingqungquthela yesizwe ye-Legislatures (NCSL)[FL:1] igcina ishadi yemithetho yovota-yonke.

Ukusakaza Imali Kusenesikhathi Nemisebenzi Yokuziphilisa

Amazwe ayahluka futhi ekuveleni kovota kwasekuqaleni futhi akukho mvume engekho. Ezinye izifundazwe zinikeza amafasitela okuvota angaphambili amasonto ambalwa; ezinye zinikeza izinsuku ezimbalwa. Inani elandayo lezifundazwe liye lamukela ukuvota kweposi embulungeni yonke, kuyilapho ezinye zidinga izaba eziqondile zokuvota ngeposi phakathi nobhadane, kodwa ezinye ziye zawandisa kakhulu amathuba okuvota kanye nezinqubo zokubuya. Ngaso sonke isikhathi zihlola ingosi yokuvota ye-toti yemithetho yamuva.

Ukungavumelani Okuphawulekayo

Izimiso zomthetho zomthetho zihlangene namalungelo okuvota ngezindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi. Imithetho ehlukene iyahlukahluka: ezinye izizwe zibuyisela amalungelo okuvota ngokuzenzekelayo lapho kuqedwa isigwebo; ezinye zidinga ukusebenza okungokomthetho; abantu abambalwa abahlala njalo abanezinkolelo ezithile zokuvota. Cishe izigidi ezingu-4,6 zamaMelika ahluliwe ngenxa yokuqiniseka okungalawuleki, ngokwe- Brennan Center for Justice [. Ukuqonda imithetho kazwelonke kuyagxeka uma wena noma othile omaziyo enesiqinisekiso.

Ukuzivumelanisa Nemingcele Evamile

Ukuvunyelwa ukuvota kuhulumeni kuchazwa kabanzi nguMthetho-sisekelo: Kumelwe ube isakhamuzi sase-U.S., okungenani esineminyaka engu-18 ubudala ngenkathi yoSuku Lokhetho, futhi isakhamuzi sesimo lapho uvota khona. Izwe lingabeka izimfuneko ezengeziwe njengezikhathi zokuvota ezinciphile kanye nemithetho yokuvota lapho ungaphansi kokuqapha noma ukhubazeke engqondweni. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi umthetho awudingi ukuba ube nendawo yakho, ukhokhe intela, noma ube nesilinganiso esithile seholo, cishe lezozimo zaqedwa esikhathini eside esidlule.

Ukubonisa Ubuqotho Bakho

Uma ubhalisa, kudinga ukunikeza ukwaziswa okubonisa njengenombolo yelayisense yomshayeli noma izinombolo ezine zokugcina zenombolo yakho ye-Social Security. Uma ungenayo, kungadingeka uthumele ikhophi yephepha le-octive lamuva noma elinye ibhukwana likahulumeni elibonisa igama lakho nekheli. Kwezinye izifundazwe, ukuhluleka ukunikeza isikhombi esisemthethweni kungaphumela ekubhaliseni noma ekulahleni. Ngaso sonke isikhathi hlela kabili ukuthi ukubhalisa kwakho kuqinisekisiwe futhi kuqhubeke kuze kube manje.

Imingcele Esekelwe Ekuncintisaneni Ngengqondo

Izifunda ezimbalwa zivimbela ukuvota kwabantu abangazange bavume ngengqondo. Indinganiso iyahluka, kodwa izifundazwe eziningi zidinga ukuthola okuthile okukhethekile kumajaji. Ngisho nangalesosikhathi, abantu abaningi abaqashweyo basakufanelekele ukuvota ngaphandle kokuba inkantolo ithole ukuthi abanawo amandla okuqonda isimo sokuvota. Abameli bayimigoqo ebekela inselele imingcele enzima njengokwephulwa kwamalungelo ayisisekelo.

Izinselele Nezinguquko Zamuva Ezingokomthetho

Izindawo ezingokomthetho zamalungelo okuvota azinakumiswa. Eminyakeni yamuva, izinkantolo ziye zakhipha izimemezelo ezinkulu zokuvota, ukukhipha amavota, ukukhipha imithetho yokuvota, negunya lezishaya umthetho zomthetho zokumisa imithetho yokuvota. Umjikelezo wokhetho wama-202020 wabona inani elingenakulinganiswa lamacala ezikhathi zokuvota, izimfuneko zobufakazi, nokulahla izindawo zokuvota. Ku-201-201-2022222, amazwe amaningi adlulisa imithetho emisha yokuvota, eminye imvume enweba eyandayo kanye neminye inqubo eqinile. Lemikhankambiso ye-Prouni iyaqhubeka, futhi iNkanto ephakeme ihlela amalungelo okuvota ezimweni ezifana [Docractic Committeety Committeety Komiti yesizwe [FF1] [F1] [2001]

Amavoter kufanele ahlale aziswe ngentuthuko esifundazweni sawo, ikakhulukazi ehlobene nokubala okusha. Ngemva kokubala kwabantu, izifunda zingaphinde zithathwe, okungathinta indlela oziphethe ngayo. Gerrymanderng(ukudweba imigqa yesifunda ukuze ithakazelise iqembu elilodwa noma iqembu) kungokomthetho ngokwezinga elithile ngaphandle kokuba kunciphe amandla okuvota amancane ngaphansi kwe-VRA. Izifunda eziningi ziye zasungula izimemezelo zokuzimela ngokwazo zokunciphisa ubandlululo.

Indlela Yokuvikela Amalungelo Akho Okuphana

Qiniseka Ekubhaliseni Kwakho

Isinyathelo sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukubhalisa kwakho phambi kwanoma yimuphi umgcini mvume. Sebenzisa imithombo enjengaye . org noma ingosi yokhetho yezwe lakho esemthethweni ukuhlola isimo sakho, indawo okuyo, kanye neqembu. Uma usukile, ulishintshile igama lakho, noma ungavoti ngesikhathi esithile, kungenzeka ukuthi ususiwe emilonyeni. Izizwe eziningi manje zinikeza ipesenti yokubhalisa engosini ye-intanethi, okungase kwenziwe ngokushesha.

Zazi Izimfuneko Zakho Zokuba Uyiphawu

Ungacabangi ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ozozidinga[. Hlola i-ID yovoti bakho okungenani inyanga ngaphambi koSuku Lokhetho. Uma ungenayo i-ID edingekayo, thola ukuthi ungayithola kanjani. Amazwe amaningi anikeza ikhadi le-ID yamavoti uma unikeza amabhukwana athile. Uma uphambukiswa ezindaweni zokuhlola, cela i-operal bolot(ilungelo lakho lokuphonsa enye ivikelekile ngaphansi kwe-HAVA, futhi izikhulu zokhetho kamuva kumelwe zinqume uma ufanele ukwenze.

Hlela Indlela Osebenzisa Ngayo Imishini Yokuthungatha

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uvota kumuntu kusenesikhathi, nge-Ecostation Day, noma ngeposi, uqonde izikhathi ezimisiweyo nezinqubo. Uma uvota ngeposi, cela ifomu lakho, ligcwalise ngokucophelela, landela zonke izimfuneko zobufakazi, futhi ubuye ulubuyise ngenkathi emisiwe. Uma ulukhipha, lusebenzise kuphela olugunyaziwe. Izimo eziningi zidinga amabhodi okuthumela ukuze wamukelwe nge-Evolution Day, hhayi nje ngokuthumela. Yenza icebo ukuze ungaphuthi usuku olubucayi.

Khuluma Ngokushesha Ngezinkinga

Uma wesatshiswa, uhlukunyezwa, noma uvinjelwa ngokungavamile endaweni yokuhlola, ungahambi ngaphandle kokufuna usizo. Hlanganisa i-EFUFUM Protectionline e-866-OUR-VOR (866-86683) noma wazise ihhovisi lokhetho lendawo. Umthetho kahulumeni wesifunda uvimbela ukuvota futhi unikeza izijeziso zomphakathi nezezobugebengu. Ungafaka isikhalo kuMnyango Wezobulungisa Ingxenye yecala le-ingxenye yohlelo lokukhalo olukuxhumana nomphakathi.

Imithombo Yezincwadi

Ukuhlala unolwazi kuyisivikelo esingcono kakhulu ekugxekweni. Ngezansi kunemithombo enokwethenjelwa yokwaziswa okunembile ngamalungelo okuvota nemithetho yokukhetha:

  • I-FEderal Echont (FEC) Commission – [ fec.gov - - inikeza ukwaziswa kokuvota kanye nemininingwane yezezimali zomkhankaso.
  • U.S.U.Uption Service Commission (EAC) – eac.gov-imininingwane ye-HIVA, NVRA, izilinganiso zomshini wokuvota, kanye nokuthola.
  • Inhlangano yesizwe yobukhomfa bezwe oMbuso (NASS) – Ingabhalisa?[ - ithuluzi lokuthola ihhovisi lakho lokukhetha lezwe futhi uhlole ukubhaliswa.
  • Isikhonkwane sase-Americana senkululeko Union (ACLU) – Ukuvota amalungelo[ – i-avcompacy nemithombo engokomthetho, kuhlanganise neziqondiso zikahulumeni-izwe.
  • Brennan Center yeJaji – Ukuvota amalungelo & Izinketho - ukucwaninga nokuhlaziya umthetho wokhetho nezinguquko.
  • [[QT:0] I-League of Women Voters – Jote411.org--olwazi lokuvota olukhethekile oluhlanganisa izimfuneko ze-ID kanye neziqondiso zokhetho.

Isiphetho

Ukuqamba kuyilungelo eliyisisekelo elivikelekile, kodwa futhi liphoqelelwe, ngesimiso somthetho esinemininingwane. Njengomvoti, umthwalo wakho wemfanelo awukona ukuveza nje kuphela kodwa ukulungiselela. Ngokuqonda imithetho kahulumeni eyinhloko, ukwazi imithetho eqondile kahulumeni wakho, nokuqapha izinguquko ezingokomthetho, ungasebenzisa ukuqapha kwakho ngokuqiniseka. Isimiso sisebenza kangcono kakhulu uma wonke umuntu ehlanganyela (nalapho abahlanganyeli bewazi amalungelo abo. Yenza icebo, hlola imithetho, futhi uvote. Izindaba, nomthetho ukhona ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukhona.