Isingeniso: Amandla Omthetho Ekulondolozeni Izilwane

Amandla angokomthetho angenye yezici ezinethonya elikhulu ekunqumeni indlela imiphakathi ephatha ngayo izilwane futhi ilawule imvelo. Ohulumeni emhlabeni wonke bahlela imithetho yezemisebenzi ebeka izindinganiso zokwelapha abantu, balawula izimboni ezithembele ezilwaneni, futhi bamise izindawo ezivikelekile zezilwane. Lezi zisekelo ezingokomthetho azizona nje izincwadi ezisemthethweni; ziyizinkulumo zezindinganiso zomphakathi ezingase zikwazi ukwenza noma zilulaze imikhuba engokokuziphatha. Ukuqonda indlela umthetho olawula ngayo inhlalakahle yezilwane nezokulondolozwa kwemvelo kubalulekile ngayo kubasekeli bezekeli bemithetho yezomthetho, izakhamuzi ezifuna ukwakha izakhiwo ezingabantu futhi ezisekelayo. Lesi sihloko sihlola indima ebucayi yamandla omthetho emiphakathini yomikha, ukuhlola imithetho eyisisekelo kanye nemiphumela yayo, futhi sicabangela izinselele neziqondiso zesikhathi esizayo zokulungisa isimilo.

I - Facebook Esemthethweni Yenhlalakahle Yezilwane

Umthetho wezenhlalakahle wezilwane umisa izimfuneko eziqinile zokuthi izilwane ziphathwa kanjani ezingxenyeni ezihlanganisa ezolimo, ezokucwaninga, ezokuzijabulisa, nezokunakekela ekhaya. Ngaphandle kwemithetho enjalo, izilwane zingathotshelwa izinhloso zabanikazi ngabanye nezinhlangano, ngokuvamile ziholele ekunganakwa nonya olusakazeke kabanzi. Umthetho ophumelelayo unikeza imithetho ecacile, ubeke izindinganiso eziphoqelelwe, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi lemithetho iyakulandisa ngokuhlola nangesijeziso. Ukuziphendukela kwalemithetho kubonisa ukushintsha kwezimo zengqondo zomphakathi nokuqonda kwezenziwa kwezilwane.

Ukuziphendukela Okungokomlando Kwemithetho Yenhlalakahle Yezilwane

Inhlangano yanamuhla yezenhlalakahle yezilwane ilandela izimpande zayo zisuka ku19-centity. Ingqopha - mlando yokuqala engokomthetho yayiyiSikhalo sobuKhosi se-United Kingdom kuMthetho we-Animal 1835, esanqabela ukuphatha impatho yempisi namaqhubu futhi samisa izijeziso zonya. Lo mthetho walandelwa yiSiphakamiso kuMahazi 1849, esandisa isivikelo ezilwaneni ezifuywayo. EUnited States, i-Animalfare (AWA) ka-19669 [A) ka-E.[1] I-ANTSC, yaqala ukugxila ezilwanenizeni ezisebenza ezindaweni zokucwaninga, i-AA iye yalungiswa izikhathi eziningi ukuze imboze izilwane, imibukiso, futhi ikhuliswe kakhulu imisebenzi yokuzala. I-Europe Union ibilokhu isebenza kakhulu [FF:] Isivikelo se-AFFFF]

Imithetho Eyinhloko Yenhlalakahle Yezilwane Emhlabeni Wonke

Nakuba amazwe amaningi eye amisa umthetho wezenhlalakahle yezilwane, izinga nokugcinwa kwale mithetho kuyahlukahluka kakhulu.

  • I-Animal Welfare Act (United States) - ilawula ukuphathwa kwezilwane ezipholile ezidakiwe egazini ekucwaningeni, embukisweni, ekuthutheni, ekuzaleni. Imisa izindinganiso zokunakekela ezilinganiselwe, idinga ukunakekela kwezilwane, nokuyala ukuba umnyango wezolimo we-U.S. uhlole i-AP. Naphezu kokubaluleka kwazo, izinyoni, amagundane, namagundane adiwe ukuze kucwaningwe, kushiye izikhala eziphawulekayo.
  • I-Animal Protection Act (Umthetho we-European Union) - - umthetho we-EU umelela esinye sezici zesifunda ezibanzi kakhulu. Imboza izilwane zasemapulazini phakathi nezokuthutha nokubulala, idinga izindlela zokubulala abantu, futhi inqabela izinhlobo ezithile zokuvalelwa njengekheji lebhetri lokubeka. I-EU futhi iye yanqabela ukuhlolwa kwezilwane ukuze zihlolwe izimo, imisa isiqalo sembulunga yonke.
  • Ukuvinjelwa konya kuMthetho wezilwane (i-india) – wenziwa ngo-1960, lomthetho uphatha izilwane ngonya futhi umise izijeziso. INdiya iyawaqaphela futhi amalungelo ezilwane ngaphansi koMthetho-sisekelo wayo, neSiphakamiso 51 tii(g) sithi isibopho sazo zonke izakhamuzi ukuba nozwela ngezidalwa eziphilayo. Nokho, umthetho uhlala ubuthakathaka ezindaweni eziningi.
  • [ IChina’s Animal Seaces - Eminyakeni yamuva nje, iChina iye yamisa imithetho emelene nokuxhashazwa kwezilwane, ikakhulukazi ngokomongo wokuhweba ngezilwane nenyama yekati. Nakuba kungekho mthetho wezenhlalakahle yezilwane, ohulumeni bendawo baye bavala imingcele yokudla izinja namakati, futhi izwe lihlanganyela ngokuqhubekayo ezivumelwaneni zokulondoloza imbulunga yonke.
  • i-Animal Welfare Acts yase-Australia - Isifunda ngasinye nensimu sinomthetho waso wezenhlalakahle yezilwane, nohulumeni ophethe iziqondiso zezilwane ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. I-PreFARM Gate Animal Welfare Alustrance yemfuyo iyimiklamo yezemboni ezinhlaziyweni ezibanzi.

Le mithetho ibonisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene zomthetho, kusukela ezambulela ezibanzi kuya ezimisweni ezithile ezihlukene.

Ukuphoqelelwa Komshini Nezinselele Zawo

Ngisho nemithetho ebhalwe kahle kakhulu ayisebenzi ngaphandle kokuqiniswa. Izimiso ezivamile zihlanganisa izinhlangano zokuhlola zikahulumeni, izimfuneko zokuhlola, nezijeziso zokungaphazanyiswa. Nokho, ukuphoqelelwa komthetho kuncishiswa ngezimali ezilinganiselwe, ukuncishiswa kwezombangazwe, nenkohlakalo. Ngokwesibonelo, e-United States, i-AWA iphoqwa abahloli be-USDA, kodwa kunezilinganiso ezimbalwa ezidingekayo, futhi izijeziso zokuphulwa kwemithetho yempatho zivame ukuba zinciphe kakhulu. Emazweni asathuthuka, imithombo yezilwane ayivamile ukuncipha, futhi inhlalakahle yezilwane ayiyona into ephambili kuhulumeni. Umphakathi u-Stravednevation, lapho izakhamuzi zingabika khona ukugqekezwa kwezenzo zobuphekulasha, futhi zibonakala ziphumelela kwezinye izindawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezobuchwepheshe zikhona lapho amakhamera ekwazi ukuhlola kanye nokuvimbela imfutho ngenxa yezilwane zikhona.

Imithetho Yokulondolozwa Kwemvelo Nesivikelo Sezinto Eziphilayo

Imithetho yokulondolozwa kwemvelo ihlose ukuvikela izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, indawo yokuhlala, kanye nemvelo ezisongela abantu, njengokubulala ngokungemthetho, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukungcola, nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Le mithetho isukela ezivumelwaneni zezizwe ezivikelayo ezilawula izivumelwano zezizwe ngezizwe ezilawula ezohwebo nezokufuduka. Impumelelo yemizamo yokulondoloza ivame ukuxhomeke ezimisweni ezingokomthetho ezisebenza kuzo, kanye nasemzamweni zezombangazwe kanye nasemphakathini.

Izindawo Ezivikelwe Nemithetho Yezilwane Nezilwane

Elinye lamathuluzi anamandla kakhulu ekulondolozeni i-United States ukwakhiwa kwezindawo ezivikelwe ngokomthetho. Amapaki ezilwane, izindawo zezilwane, nezindawo ezivikelwe olwandle zivimbela imisebenzi yabantu elimaza izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. I-Ested Act ka 1973] ingumthetho owehlulayo ovikela izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezisongelwa noma ezisengozini, onqabela ukuthathwa kwezindawo eziyingozi, ukulimaza, noma ukuhlukumeza lezo zinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. I-[FLT] Ifuna futhi isiqu sezindawo eziyingozi. I-ESA ibikwe ngezindawo eziyingozi. I-a i-a ibikwe ngokusindisa izinhlobo zezilwane njengephangi, ibhula laseMelika, kanye nempunga yempunga ekuqothulweni kwazo. Nokho, kuye kwaphikisana nokukhulizwa kwezombangazwe phakathi kwezomnotho nentuthuko kwezomnotho. E - Kenya, i-Piphanys's's procidssssssssss, ize izindawo ezithile zezinye izakhamuzi zezilwane.

Izivumelwano Zezizwe Zonke: Indima YabaHLOLI

I-CANDRT [I-International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora [I-FLET:1] ingenye yemishini ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni wonke engokomthetho yokuvikela. Isayinwe ngu-184, i-CITES ilawula ukuhwebelana kwezinhlobo zezilwane ezingaphezu kwezingu-3, iqikelela ukuthi ayisongeli ukusinda kwazo. I-acconsis ihlelwe ngokwezisekelo ezisekelwe ezingeni lesivikelo esidingekayo. Ngokwesibonelo, izindlovu zisongwe nge-Apyword I, enqabela ukuhwebelana kwezizwe zonke, kuyilapho izinhlobo eziningi zemithi zise-Appendix II, zifuna imvume. I-CITS ibiphumelela ekunciphiseni ukuhweba okungekho emthethweni kwezilwane, kodwa izinselele, ikakhulukazi ngokuvimbela ukuvikelwa kwezentengiselwa kwe-- - akhawunti ye- - interdition (BB) neminye i-Editionsss. I-omivene yezizwe eziningi zezizwe zezizwe zezizwe zomhlaba i-yo

Izindaba Nezehluleko Eziphumelelayo Ekulondolozweni Komthetho

Isivikelo esingokomthetho siye saveza izindaba eziphawulekayo zempumelelo. Ukuvikelwa kwempisi empunga eUnited States ngaphansi kwe-ESA kwaholela ekuvuselelweni kwayo endaweni eyiGreat Lakes, nakuba kamuva yasuswa futhi yaqondiswa ezindaweni, okuholela ekuzingeleni nasekuncikeni kwenani labantu kwezinye izindawo. i - ban enterbin ehwebeni [[ ezindaweni ezithengwayo] ngaphansi kwe-International Whaling Commission (IWC) ayizange ivumele ezinye izinhlobo zeminenkenenke ukuba ziphinde ziphele. Ngokuphambene, ukwehluleka kubangelwa ukugcinwa kwesibopho noma ukuntula kwezombangazwe. Ihlosi eNdiya imele ukusongelwa ngokuqhubekayo ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwezentengosi engokomthetho nezindawo ezingokomthetho ngenxa yezentengosi engokomthetho, futhi ihluleka ukusetshenziswa ngokunye ukusetshenziswa kwemithetho engokomthetho engokomthetho engokomthetho, iqoqozwe naphakathi kwezindawo ezingokomthetho.

Izinselele Ekusebenziseni Imithetho: Isizathu Sokuba Imithetho Ishiyeke

Naphezu kokwanda kwemithetho yenhlalakahle yezilwane neyokulondoloza imvelo emhlabeni wonke, eminingi iyehluleka ukufinyelela imiphumela yayo ehlosiwe.

Ukuthuthukiswa Kwemithombo Yezinto Nokukhohlakala

Izinhlangano zokugcinwa kwamaphoyisa ezingahloniphiwe mhlawumbe ziwumngcele ovame kakhulu. Abagada izilwane nabahloli bezenhlalakahle yezilwane bavame ukuholelwa imali encane, bahlonyiswe kabi, futhi bambalwa. Kwezinye izindawo, inkohlakalo ivumela ukuba imisebenzi engekho emthethweni ichume; abazingeli abakhokhi abakhokha izikhulu, futhi amacala okuxhashazwa kwezilwane axoshwa. IWorld Wildlife Fund inikeza izenzakalo lapho izindawo ezivikelwe zingenazo noma iziphi izimali ezisebenzayo ngenxa yokuswela izimali. Leligebe elingcono kakhulu emazweni asathuthuka lapho ohulumeni belinganisela khona imali ezinhlanganweni zezenhlalakahle yezilwane. Izesayensi yezentengiselwano, njenge-dron ne-DNA, inikeza izixazulu ezithile, kodwa lezi zidinga ukukhokhwaliswa kwemali.

Izici Zezombangazwe Nezomnotho

Umthetho uvame ukuphikiswa izimboni ezinamandla. Izentengiselwano zezolimo, izinhlangano zezokuhwebelana, kanye nezinkampani ezithaka imithi zingamelana nezindinganiso zezenhlalakahle yezilwane ezinamandla kakhulu, ziphikisa ngokuthi zandisa izindleko. Ngokufanayo, ukumba izimayini, ukugawula, nokwanda kwezolimo kuvame ukungqubuzana nemithetho yokulondolozwa kwemvelo, futhi ukucindezela kwezomnotho kungaholela ekubeni ohulumeni banciphise isivikelo. Izombangazwe ziyomisa imithetho futhi ziphoqelele ukumiswa ngoshintsho kuhulumeni, futhi intuthuko engokwezomnotho esheshayo idlula intuthuko ende yendawo ezungezile nezimiso ezifanele. Ngokwesibonelo, ukugcinwa kwemithetho yokugawulwa kwemithi eAmazolijikishini eAmazoni kuye kwahluka kakhulu ngokuphatha, kubonisa indlela okuthinta ngayo imiphumela engoko ukulondolozwa kwezombangazwe.

Isidingo Sokubambisana Kwembulunga Yonke

Izindaba eziningi zezenhlalakahle yezilwane nezokulondolozwa kwezilwane zidlula imingcele. Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, izinhlobo ezifudukayo, ukushushumbiswa kwezilwane, nokungcoliswa komhlaba kudinga ukubambisana kwezizwe ngezizwe. Izivumelwano ezinjenge-CITES ne-Paris Actives zidala amapulani, kodwa zithembele ekusebenzeni kwezizwe. Ukungalingani kwezindinganiso ezingokomthetho nakumthetho olandelwayo phakathi kwamazwe kungalulaza intuthuko. Ngokwesibonelo, amazwe anemithetho yenhlalakahle yezilwane aba "ibhayisensi" ekukhiqini okungekho emthethweni noma ekukhiqizweni okuphansi kwezivumelwano. Ukuqinisa inqubo yokubusa kwembulunga yonke nokuthuthukisa ukubambisana kwezizwe kuyadingeka, kodwa kuthatha ijubane futhi kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwezombangazwe. Ukuphoqelela i-Unisela i-Universal Decrection on Aids Welververtyty eUnited Nations, kubonisa isifiso sendlela evumelanayo, kodwa izivumelwano ezibophakelekile.

Iziqondiso Zesikhathi Esizayo: Ukuqinisa Imithetho Ukuze Kuzuze Izwe Elingcono

Uma ubheka phambili, ukuthambekela namasu amaningana kunikeza isithembiso sokwandisa amandla okushaya umthetho enhlalakahleni yezilwane nasekulondolozweni kwayo.

Ukuchuma Nokulondolozwa Komthetho Okushukumisayo

Ngokomlando, inhlalakahle yezilwane nokulondolozwa kwemvelo kuye kwabhekwa njengezindawo ezihlukene zezimiso. Izinhlangano ezikhulayo ezisekela izindlela ezihlanganisayo eziqaphela ukuhlobana phakathi kwenhlalakahle yezilwane nempilo yendawo ezungezile. Ngokwesibonelo, umqondo we-One Welfare ugcizelela ukuthi inhlalakahle yezilwane, inhlalakahle yabantu, nokulondolozwa kwendawo ezungezile kuyavumelana. I-policieeee ukuthi ukuxoxa ngemboni yokulima kungathuthukisa inhlalakahle yezilwane, ukunciphisa ukukhipha igesi eshisayo, nokuvikela izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ngokunciphisa izwe elidingekayo ekufuyweni kwezitshalo. Ngokufanayo, ukuphatha izilwane ezingabantu ezicabangela inhlalakahle yezilwane ngayinye kuyilapho kufeza imigomo yokulondolozwa kwezindawo. I-mthetho ethatha ukuhlelwa kwendlela enjalo yokusebenza kwezilwane, ingaveza imiphumela ebanzi nesekelayo.

Ubuchwepheshe Obungalawuleki Nobungcweti Bomphakathi

Ubuchwepheshe buguqula kokubili ukugcinwa komthetho nokubekwa komphakathi. Ukuvela kwe-Satellite kanye ne-Aĺdriven analytics kungaqondisa ukudotshwa okungekho emthethweni nokugawulwa kwamahlathi ngesikhathi sangempela. I-DNA ibarccoding isiza ekulandeleni imikhiqizo yezilwane ezindaweni ezidiliziwe. Umthetho wezezenhlalakahle, ukukhuliswa kwezenhlalo, kungacindezela ohulumeni ukuba bamise imithetho futhi babophe imithetho. Ukuvela kwezezakhamuzi zesayensi nokubika kwemibukiso kungavumela abantu ukuba babhale izinhlelo zokuxhashazwa kwezilwane noma ukuphaka izikhulu futhi bahlanganyele ngokuqondile nobufakazi. Lamathuluzi anganezela ngaphansi kokugcinwa kwemithetho engokomthetho futhi adale ukulandisa kwezenzwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqulwa kwezilwane nokubekwa kwemithetho yezentengo yezomthetho kuvula izindlela ezintsha zokuvikela izilwane nemvelo.

Ukuqinisa Izikhungo Zomthetho Zembulunga Yonke

Ekugcineni, izinselele eziningi ezicindezela kakhulu zidinga ukubambisana kwezizwe zonke. Imizamo yokuqinisa isikhundla esingokomthetho sezilwane ngaphansi komthetho wezwe jikelele, njengokuhlanganisa inhlalakahle yezilwane eMbangweni we-Sustainable Development (SDGs), inganikeza uhlelo oluhlanganisayo. Ukuqaphela okukhulayo kwamalungelo emvelweni, okwenza indalo ime ngokusemthethweni, kungenye intuthuko ethembisayo. Ngokwesibonelo, umthetho-sisekelo we-Ecuador uqaphela amalungelo emvelo, futhi i-New Zealand inikeze i-spersonalbacy kuMfuleni i-Whanauni. Ukusebenzisa imiqondo efanayo kuwezilwane. Ukwazisa amalungelo azo angokomthetho kuveza indlela imithetho ebhalwe ngayo futhi isebenza ngayo.

Isiphetho: Indima Engenakuxazululwa Yamandla Angokomthetho

Amandla alawulayo ayisinkemba esinezikhali ezimbili. Ingaba amandla amakhulu okuvikela izilwane nezimiso zemvelo, noma kungaba yithuluzi lokuxhaphaza uma ibanjwa yizithakazelo ezizenzile. Ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi imithetho ebekwe futhi egunyaziwe inganciphisa unya, isindise izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, futhi ilondoloze izindawo zokuhlala. Nokho, umbhalo ongokomthetho wodwa awunele. Ukusetshenziswa kwemithetho yezombangazwe kudinga imithombo engokwanele, ukusekela komphakathi, nokubambisana kwezizwe zonke. Njengoba izinhlangano ziqaphela kakhulu ukuhlupheka kwezilwane nezinhlekelele zemvelo, isidingo somthetho onamandla nowokugcina imvelo siyokhula kuphela. Labo abakhathalela inhlalakahle yezilwane nokulondolozwa kwezilwane nokulondolozwa kwemvelo kumelwe bahlanganyele nenqubo yemithetho engcono, ukugcinwa, nokusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi angokomthetho ukuze babhekane nokuncitshiswa umthetho.

Ukuqhubeka ufunda: UMAZIMA AMANDLA WENKINGANISO , [[FLT]] I-CUPTYS [, [[FLT]] Isivikelo sezilwane emhlabeni, , [FLT]]] ]] I-IUCN – Ubumbano lwezizwe zonke lokulondoloza iNdalo.