I-Indiya iye yaguqulwa kakhulu ekuqhutshweni kwenkonzo yomphakathi ngochungechunge lwezinyathelo eziphambili zokubusa kwemishini. Le zinhlelo, ezishukunyiswa umbono wokwenza izinkonzo zikahulumeni zifinyeleleke, zibe sobala futhi ziphumelele, ziye zayichaza kabusha indlela izakhamuzi ezisebenzelana ngayo nombuso. Kusukela ekutholeni i-biomical meoptions ukukhokha ngokushesha kanye nokuqinisekiswa kwezincwadi, isayensi yokulawula isayensi yezokulawula i-iographic eIndiya manje ithinta ukuphila kwabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1,4. Lesi sihloko sihlola izinga, izinselele, nekusasa lalezi zinyathelo, kunikezwa ukuhlaziswe kwendima yazo ngokucubukiswa kwezehlakalo olubanzi ekuqondiseni umphakathi.

Isisekelo Sobubusi Bezinombolo ENdiya

Ukubusa kwe-National Informatics Centre (NIC). Nokho, ijubane langempela lafika ngemva kuka-2014 ngokuthunyelwa komphakathi i-Digal India [ uhlelo oludala lwe-Foctive Information system [DIC], olwanikeza uhlelo oluhlanganisayo lokuhlanganisa izinqubo zikahulumeni, ukuthuthukisa, nokuthuthukisa ulwazi lwe-mivolution. Izinhloso zokuguqula i-India ibe yi-misebe egunyaziwe ngo--mitual nolwazi lwezentelligement ngokuhlela ukuhlukanisa izinkonzo ze-tekthrics kanye nokwenza izinkonzo ezikhona ngempela.

Ifilosofi engemva kwalezi zinguquko isekelwe ezinsikeni ezintathu: isisekelo sesisekelo njengenzuzo kumninikhaya ngamunye , ububanzi nezinkonzo ezifunwayo[, futhi [FLT] [FLT] i-active amandla ezakhamuzi [. Ngokuhlanganisa amapulatifomu anjenge-Aadhaar (isibonakaliso se-biometic), imigwaqo emikhulu emikhulu ebanzi, nezinhlelo ze-elective-ssss, uhulumeni udale indawo ehlangene enciphisa ukubambeka nokungenela kwemisebenzi.

Izinyathelo Eziyinhloko Zokubusa Ngezinombolo

I-India̱ i-odate common iphethe indawo efana nezindawo ezihamba phambili, ngayinye ebheke phambili izici ezithile zokuthunyelwa kwenkonzo. Ngezansi yizici ezinamandla kakhulu.

INdiya Yezinombolo

Iqalisiwe ngo-July 2015, i-Indiya ye-National iwuhlelo lwezambulela oluhlanganisa izinqubo eziningi nemisebenzi. Izakhi zayo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa ukwakhiwa kwe- National e-Governance Plan (NCEGP)[, ukumiswa kwezikhungo zenkonzo ezivamile (CSCs) emadolobhaneni, kanye nokwanda kwe-backentu exweneance ngaphansi kwe-Bharatatnet. Njengango-2024, i-4, i-4, i-4, i-Gradiation izicelo zemali, izitifiketi, ne-eposi. Uhlelo luye lwaba yithuluzi lokushintsha izinqubo zomthetho zephepha kusuka emsebenzini wobuchwepheshe, ukuhlelwa kwezikhathi ezihlelwa ngezikhathi ze-BkhNCCCNetting kusuka kwezinye izikhungo-40.

I - digi Locker

DigiLocker yindawo esekelwe emafu eyenza izakhamuzi zikwazi ukugcina, ukuhlanganyela, nokuqinisekisa amabhukwana enombolo. Ngokususa isidingo samakhophi angokoqobo, iye yahlela ukuphatha phezu kwazo zombili izakhamuzi nezinhlangano. Yaqaliswa ngo-2016, i-Dgi Locker manje inezincwadi ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-200 ezibhaliwe futhi inezincwadi ezibhaliwe. Ihlanganisa nemininingwane eminingi kahulumeni, ivumela ukuqinisekiswa okusheshayo kwelayisense yokushayela, izitifiketi zokuzala, uphawu lwamaphepha, futhi inciphisa ukukhomba nokuthunyelwa kwenkonzo ezindaweni ezinjengezokubhalisa imoto, izinsimishizo zeposi, nezikole. [[FLT:]

UMANG AP

I-UMANG (Indlela Yokusebenza Yesibeletho Esingaqinisekisiwe se-New-General) inikeza ukufinyelela kwezinkonzo zikahulumeni ezingaphezu kuka-1200 ezisuka kwi-mouse. Ukuhlanganisa izigaba ezinjengemfundo, impilo, izimali, ne-octal, i-uppal yenza abasebenzisi bakwazi ukwenza amaqhinga, izinhlelo zokuthumela imishini, nokukhokha izimali. Isekela izilimi ezingu-13 zamaNdiya futhi isebenza ngaphesheya kwe-OS, i-And, kanye nocingo oluyi-UMCC ifakwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-100, ibonisa isidingo sokuhanjiswa kwenkonzo ehlangene.

IBHIM UPI

Nakuba ngokuyinhloko iyithuluzi lezimali, i-BHIM UPII (Izibonelelo ezihlangene) iye yaguqula indlela izakhamuzi ezikhokha ngayo izintela, intela, kanye nentela yenzuzo ekhokhwayo ezinhlanganweni zikahulumeni. Yasungulwa yi-National Precioperations Corporation of India (NPCI), i-UPI yahlela ukuhwebelana okungaphezu kwezigidi eziyishumi ngenyanga ngo-2023. Amathekisi kahulumeni ahlangene ne-UPUPI enza ukuba yonke into ikwazi ukukhokha intela ehholweni yamanzi, ukunciphisa ukuphatha imali nokuthuthukisa iminikelo. I-Proputedlupe ihlanganisa ne-RUPI, isimiso sokukhokhela imali yenzuzo yempilo kahulumeni nezenhlalakahle.

Aadhaar ne-e-KYC

Aadhaar, inqubo yokuzichaza kwemisebe engu-12, iwumgogodla wezindlela eziningi zokulawula zemishini. Ngezilinganiso zemishini eziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3, inikeza isibonakaliso esiyingqayizivele esivumela inzuzo elungile (DBT), sisusa abazuzisi abaphindaphindwayo, kanye namandla e-KYC (umshini Wakho Wokwazi Umthetho),. Lokhu kusindise uhulumeni izigidi zezigidi zamadola ngokukhipha imvuthuza ekwabini ukudla, umanyoli, ne-LPG. I-Aadhaar-eyer isetshenziselwa ukukhomba amahhovisi kahulumeni, ukususa ipeni, nokunye.

I - gov Platform Yami

I-Gov iyindawo yesivumelwano sezakhamuzi evumela umphakathi ukuba uhlanganyele ezingxoxweni zezimiso, uxoxe ngemibono, futhi unikeze impendulo. Iye yanikeza abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-30 ababhalisile futhi yangenisa izinkulungwane zezingxoxo ngezindaba ezisukela edolobheni elihlakaniphile kuya ezinguqulweni zemfundo. Ngokufaka i-mediation ngokuqondile ekuhleleni imithetho, uMyGov uqinisa ukuhlanganyela kwentando yeningi futhi uthuthukisa ukusabela kwezinkonzo zomphakathi.

Ithonya Ekubuyiseleni Inkonzo Yomphakathi

Ithonya elibi lalezi zinyathelo liye laba intuthuko enkulu ekusheshiseni, ekufinyeleleni, nasekufinyeleleni izinkonzo zomphakathi.

Ukutholakala Nokusondelana

Ukubusa kwemishini kuye kwanwetshwa kwasetshenziswa abantu ababengakhohliswa ngaphambili. Nge-CSC nama-apps ahamba-hamba, umlimi edolobhaneni elikude angasebenzisa izimali zokuboleka izitshalo, imibiko yesimo sezulu, noma athole isitifiketi sokuzalwa ngaphandle kokuya endlunkulu yesifunda. I-UMANG app ne-DigiLocker zikhona ngisho nasezindaweni eziphansi kakhulu, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinkonzo zezemisebe azilinganiselwe ezikhungweni zasedolobheni. Njengango-2023, i-90% yemizana yaseNdiya ine-operal fib factive fibney ngaphansi kwe-Bharat, enye igebhuloho yokungena.

Ukwaneliseka Nokubona Ingaphandle

Inqubo yokusebenza yenqubo inciphise kakhulu izikhathi ezijikelezayo. Ngokwesibonelo, isimiso se-e-Office, esihlanganisa inqumbi yamafayela phakathi kwemisebenzi, siye sanciphisa isikhathi sokuhlukanisa i-profayili emasontweni ngezinsuku. I-RTI yase-inthanethi ye-RTI yenze kwaba lula ngezakhamuzi ukucela ukwaziswa, futhi i-PPFMS System yezezimali (PFMS) yenza ukulandelelana kwangempela kwenani lezimali. Lezi zimiso zakha indlela yokubhala encintiweyo evimbela ukonakala nokuthuthukisa ukulandisa.

Ngokombiko ka-2022 ka-NITI Ayagog, ukungenela kwezibalo kuye kwaholela ekwehliseni kwesikhathi esingu-30-50% senkonzo ejwayelekile njengepassport iwumphakathi kanye nokubhaliswa kwempahla. (NITI Ayayog Digitance Provincince Report 2022[FL:1])

Ukunciphisa Ukonakala

Ngokunciphisa ukuqapha kwabantu ekuthunyelweni kwenkonzo, izimiso zemishini ziye zanciphisa amathuba okufumbathisa nokuqasha intela. Inzuzo Eqondisiwe (DBT) ngokusebenzisa isiqinisekiso se-Aadhaar iye yasusa abazuzisi futhi yasindisa uhulumeni isilinganiso se-761.8 lakh crore (R1,444 000 000) phakathi kuka-20222. Ngokufanayo, ukufakwa kwe-intanethi yokuhlola i-injini yokuhlola i-opencharactive nemvume ye-auto (umz., inzuzo nezitifiketi zesigaba) kuye kwanciphisa isidingo sabantu abaphakathi. Ukuhlola kwe-Transparency International India kwathola ukuthi abasebenzisi bezinkonzo zemishini babika ukukhokhwa okuncane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abathembele emizinzweni engokoqobo.

Amandla Ezakhamuzi

Ama-croput awe-metassic anikeza izakhamuzi amandla amakhulu okulawula ukusebenzelana kwazo nombuso. Ama-computer asebenzisa imishini yezemishini avumela abasebenzisi ukuba bahlele ukuhlelwa, bafake amabhukwana, futhi baqondise isimo sangempela ngesikhathi sangempela. I-MyGov platform yenza ukuba kukhululeke abalawuli bezimiso, kuyilapho ukuhlanganisa imithombo yezesayensi yezokuxhumana kuvumela izikhalo ukuba zikhule obala. Abesifazane ikakhulukazi baye bazuza: izinhlelo zokufunda ngemishini ngaphansi kwecebo leCommond Centreentre ziye zaqeqesha izigidi zabesifazane basemaphandleni ukuba basebenzise i-enervices, kuthuthukisa ukuzimela kwabo ngokwezomnotho.

Ithonya Lezomnotho Nelemali

Ukushintshela ekukhokheleni izindleko ze-minustry kuye kwaba nomphumela ongcono wezomnotho. Intengiselwano ye-UPI esekelwe ekusekelweni kwemali inciphise izindleko zokuphatha imali eminyangweni kahulumeni nokukhokha intela okwandisiwe. I-nethiwekhi ye-GST, eyakhiwe eqosheni le-adigic, iye yandisa intela ngokuhlela amabhizinisi avamile ngaphambili. Ukuhlola kweBhange lezwe laseNdiya ukusungula ubuchwepheshe beze u-0.5.1% ukukhuphulo lweze u-GDP ngonyaka ngempumelelo nangokunciphisa. [ IBHANGELE]

Izinselele Nezithiyo

Naphezu kwentuthuko emangalisayo, kusekhona izithiyo ezinkulu. Lezi zinselele kumelwe zihloselwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukulawulwa kwemishini kufinyelela amandla ayo agcwele.

Ukuhlukana Kwezinombolo

Izakhiwo ze-mini ye-Indiya, nakuba zingekho zifana. Ngo-2024, amakhaya asemaphandleni acishe abe ngu-55% kuphela ayene-inthanethi yokungena kuma-inthanethi uma kuqhathaniswa nangaphezulu kwamashumi amahlanu ezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Imigoqo yolimi, ukungakwazi ukufunda inombolo, nokungabikho kwemishini eshibhile emazweni ampofu kuhlanganisa umehluko. Izakhamuzi ezigugile nabantu abakhubazekile ngokuvamile azitholanga nabungane. Uma bengawatholi ama-adirector, umehluko wezinombolo ungaveza ukungalingani okukhona, ushiye amaqembu anciphile ngemuva.

Ukuba Wedwa Kwemininingwane Yezokwelapha Nokulondeka

Ukubekwa kwemininingwane yezakhamuzi eziteshini njengo-Aadhaar no-Digi Locker kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka okungokomthetho ngokuqashelwa, ukuphulwa kokwaziswa, nokusetshenziswa kabi. Izwe laseNdiya alinawo umthetho wezokuvikela wemininingwane (umthetho owenziwe nge-Internatical Personal Tech Protection 2023 wadluliswa kodwa imininingwane yokusetshenziswa kwayo ikhona). Ukuvuza okuphezulu kwemininingwane ye-Aadhaar kuye kwaqeda ukwethembana. Nakuba uhulumeni ugcizelela ukuthi izimiso zilondekile, abagxeki baphikisa ngokuthi ukuqondisa okuqinile kuyadingeka ekuvikeleni inkululeko yomphakathi.

Amagebe Okwakha

Izindawo eziningi zasemaphandleni zisabhekene nokutholakala kukagesi okuguquguqukayo kanye nokungasetshenziswa kwemishini ehamba ngezinyawo okuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwezinkonzo zobuchwepheshe. Iprojekthi ye-BharatNet, nakuba ifuna ukuvelela, iye yabhekana nokwephuza nokukhokha izindleko zokulawula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amandla ezisebenzi zangemva kwe-Frigi ngokuvamile anqwabelana ngesidingo esikhulu, njengoba kubonakala phakathi nokusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo ezithile eziyinhloko. Ukusetshenziswa kokusetshenziswa kwe-itrone, i-bandrective, nezimiso zokusekela isisekelo kubalulekile.

Ukwakha Kwamandla Nokufunda Ngezinombolo

Izikhulu zikahulumeni eziphambili ngokuvamile azikutholi ukuqeqeshwa kokusebenzisa izimiso ezintsha ngokuphumelelayo. Ukumelana nokushintsha, kuhlangene nokwesaba ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi, kungathatha ijubane lokutholwa. Ngokufanayo, ingxenye enkulu yomphakathi ihlala ingafundile ngokwezibalo. IPradhan Mantan Gramin Mantarta Agarta Abhiyan (PMGDISICA) iye yaqeqesha izakhamuzi zasemaphandleni ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-60, kodwa isisulu sokwenza izigidi ezingu-60 zokufunda ngemisuka kumanani samane sahlanganiswa ngokwengxenye kuphela.

Umthengisi ubopha isikhala nosizo

Izinhlelo eziningi ze-expanetic zenza i-silos ngabathengisi abahlukene, okuholela ezingxabanweni zokubambisana. Isakhamu kungadingeka singene kumatheku amaningi ngokwehlukana, ngalinye elinezimiso eziqinisekisayo ezihlukene. Ukuntuleka kwe-evision ehlangeneyo ye-API kuvimbela ukuhlanganisa ulwazi futhi kubangele ukungena kolwazi olubomvu. Imizamo enjenge-Indiya Enprise Architecture (Indea) inhloso yokwenza imigaqo-mthetho elandelwayo kodwa ayizange yamukeleke ngokugcwele kuwo wonke amahlelo nezinhlangano.

Iziqondiso Nezituso Zesikhathi Esizayo

Uma ibheka phambili, iNdiya kumelwe isebenzise icebo elinezici eziningi lokusekela amandla nokuxazulula izinselele ezizayo.

Ukunqanda Ukuhlukana Kwezinombolo

Ukufinyelela okungafinyeleleka kuyinto yokuqala. Ukunwetshwa komphakathi okhululekile uWi-Fi uhonots (njengangaphansi kwecebo le PMS-WANI), ukunikeza ama-mfonomaternet angenayo emikhayeni ephansi, futhi ukwakha izindlela zokuxhumana ezingasebenzi ngaphandle komthetho kungasiza. Ukusekela ulimi lwasendaweni kufanele kugunyazwe wonke amachweba kahulumeni asebenzisa izikhawu. Izinhlelo zobuchwepheshe zokufunda, ngokunokwenzeka zixhumene nezindawo zesikole zesikole ne-answadi, kungasheshisa ukutholwa kwamaqembu angakwazi ukuvikeleka.

Ukuqinisa Ukwethemba Nokuba Wedwa

I-Indiya idinga ngokushesha ukusebenzisa uhlelo oluqinile lwesivikelo sokwaziswa ngezimiso ezicacile zokuvumelana, imithetho yemininingwane yendawo, kanye nomlawuli ozimele. Ukuhlola ukuvikelwa kwezindawo zomthetho wezikhathi ezithile kuzo zonke iziteshi ze-tektho-metal kumele kwenziwe kube yisibopho. Izakhamuzi kufanele zibe nokufinyelela okulula ukukhomba ama-logi abonisa indlela i-data yazo ezisetshenziswa ngayo. Umqondo we-data wethemba umtholazwelo wezinhlelo zikahulumeni, ofana nezimiso zokuvikela i-

Ukuphehla Ubuciko Bokwenza Nobuchwepheshe Obuxubile

I-AI ingalawula izinombolo: ama-gundane afuna ukudambisa isikhalo, ukubikezela ukufunwa kwesidingo sempiliso empilweni yomphakathi, kanye nokusetshenziswa kolimi olungokwemvelo ekudluliseleni inkonzo ngezilimi eziningi. I-AI kahulumeni “AIMARR ROOL” kanye ne-National AI Portal ehlongozwayo ibonisa ukuzimisela. Nokho, izivikelo zokuziphatha kumelwe zakhiwe ukuze kuvinjelwe ubandlululo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuba ukuphathwa kwabantu ezinqumweni ezithinta amalungelo ezakhamuzi.

Ukuthuthukisa Ubuhlobo Bomphakathi (PPP)

Isilinganiso sokulawula kwemishini sidinga ukubambisana nengxenye eyimfihlo ekuthuthukiseni nasekudluliseleni izimamatheki okokugcina. I-Common Service Centre ngokwayo iyi-PPP. Ukwandisa ubuhlobo obunjalo ngesisekelo sesakhiwo samafu, ukuthuthuka kwekhono, nokusetshenziswa kwemishini yangemva kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle ngaphandle kokuthwesa umthwalo kakhulu isisekeli. Izikhungo zesivumelwano kanye nezimiso zokulandisa kudingekile ukuze kuvikelwe izithakazelo zezakhamuzi.

Ukusebenzisana Nokuhlangenwe Nakho Komsebenzi

Uhulumeni kufanele asheshise ukwamukelwa kwe-Indiya Enterprise Architecture (IndideA) futhi aqhubele phambili umsebenzi ohlangene we-event-feal (umz., ipulatifomu elilodwa lenkonzo yokuzalwa ukuya ekufeni). Ukusetshenziswa kwe-AP Is kanye nokusetshenziswa kophawu olufakiwe (nogunyazo lomsebenzisi) kungasiza ukuba ukwazi ukuveza inguquko ehlangene. [[FLT:] [FLT]] ngokuhlola njalo kanye nemijikelezo yezimpawu kusize ukugcina izinhlelo zezakhamuzi zikhona.

Isiphetho

Uhambo lwezinqubo zokuqondisa i-Indiya kakade luye lwathuthukisa kakhulu ekuthuthweni kwenkonzo yomphakathi, kusukela ekuqhubekeni ngokushesha ukuya ekuncipheni kwenkohlakalo nasekungeneni okukhulu. Izindlela ezithathwayo ngaphansi kwe-Magic India, ezisekelwa amapulatifomu anjenge-Aadhaar, i-Digi Locker, ne-UPI, ziseke isisekelo esiqinile. Nokho, ushintsho aluphelele. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho sakhamuzi esisele, uhulumeni kumelwe akhulume ngokubhekisa phambili ngokuhlukanisa amanani, aqinise isivikelo semininingwane yokwaziswa, izakhiwo zokuthuthukisa izakhiwo, nokufaka inzuzo yamanani. Ngokuzibophezela okuqhubekayo, ukulawula kwemisebe, ukuqondisa kwe-mivocata, ukubonakala okunemba, okunempumelelo, nokuhlanganisayo ezweni laseNdiya.