Table of Contents

Isingeniso: Indima Engenakuxazululwa Yokuhola Kwezesayensi Ebuqothoni Bukahulumeni

Ukuthembela ezinhlanganweni zomphakathi bekulokhu kuncipha phakathi kwemibuso yentando yeningi nemibuso yempoqo ngokufanayo, kususa isivumelwano sezenhlalo esibopha izakhamuzi kohulumeni bazo. Enhlonhlweni yale nhlekelele umbuzo obalulekile ngokuziphatha nokuziphatha kwalabo ababusayo. Ukuhola komphakathi akuyona nje imfanelo efiselekayo ezikhulwini zomphakathi; kuyisidingo esiyisisekelo sokugcina ubuqotho bukahulumeni. Uma abaholi bebonisa njalo ukuziphatha okuhle kwezezimiso zezenhlalo, ukubheka indiva, ukulandisa ngokulunga, nokuhlonipha umthetho, kungumphumela ophakeme wokuzisebenzela, ukuchuma kwemithetho ekubanjweni kwayo, ukukhohlakaza kwemithetho ezindaweni ezikhona umphakathi, ukuhlola imiphumela yayo engcono. Ngokungafani, lapho ukuhola okungokokuziphatha kuwohloka, imiphumela engxenyeni yomphakathi, ekukhuleni kwezomnotho. Lesi sihloko sihlola ithonya elikhulu lobuqotho, ukukhomba kwayo, ukukhomba kwayo okunzima, ukuphakama kwemiphumela ezindaweni ezisemhlabeni, futhi inzuzo emhlabeni, ngokukhula okukhulu, ngenxa yezimiso eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukuchaza Ukuhola Kwezesayensi Emphakathini Eqenjini Lomphakathi

Umholi ophethe uhulumeni uhlanganisa nangaphandle kwemibono yeqembu lomuntu siqu ngomthwalo wemfanelo wezenhlala-ndawo. Isekelwe ezibophweni ezikhethekile izikhulu zomphakathi eziziphethe njengabaphathi bengcebo ehlangene nabaqondisi bezimiso zentando yeningi. Ngokuyinhloko, ukuhola kwezimiso kuhilela ukwenza izinto ngendlela ezivumelana nezindinganiso zokuziphatha ezamukelekayo kabanzi, kodwa futhi idinga ukuzinikela okubonakalayo ethakazelweni lomphakathi lenzuzo yomuntu siqu noma lenzuzo.

Izici eziyinhloko zobuholi bezimiso zokuziphatha emongweni kahulumeni zihlanganisa:

  • [ Ukungaguquguquki: Awekho okungavumelani phakathi kwamagama nezenzo, ngisho nalapho kungekho obhekile. Abaholi abagcina ubuqotho bahlonipha izibopho futhi bavume amaphutha.
  • Umehluko: uvulekile mayelana nezinqubo zokwenza izinqumo, uhlelo, nokusebenzisa izimali zomphakathi. Lokhu kwenza ukuhlolwa futhi kwakhe ukulandisa.
  • ukulandisa: ukuzimisela ukwamukela umthwalo wemfanelo ngezenzo nangemiphumela, kuhlanganise nalapho izinto zingahambi kahle. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuzithoba ekuqondiseni ngokwaphezulu.
  • [ Ukungathathi hlangothi nokungakhethi:[ Ukuphatha zonke izakhamuzi ngokulinganayo ngaphansi komthetho, ukugwema izingxabano zesithakazelo, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izimiso aziwathandi amaqembu athile ngaphandle kwenjongo engokomthetho yomphakathi.
  • [[QUT: 0] Indlela: Ukubeka izidingo zomphakathi kuqala ngaphezu kokufuna ukuvelela noma ukwethembeka kweqembu. Lokhu kusho ukulalela ngenkuthalo izici nokusabela ekukhathazekeni kwazo.
  • [ Ukuqapha: Ukuzimisela ukwenza izinqumo ezingathandeki kodwa ezinezimiso, njengokwenqaba iziphiwo ezonakele noma ukubekela abaphezulu abangekho semthethweni inselele.

Lezizici zizonke zakha iDNA yokuziphatha kahulumeni ongalawula ukwethenjwa kwabantu bayo. Uma abaholi belingisa ukuziphatha okunjalo obala futhi ngokungaguquguquki, bamisa inqubo egcwele yonke i-compativement. Ngokwe-] Organing for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)[FLD], izimiso zomphakathi ezigcizelela isibopho sobuholi ziphumelela kakhulu kunalezo ezithembele kuphela emithethweni nasezinkonzweni.

Ithonya Lokuziphatha: Isizathu Sokuba Ubuqotho Bukahulumeni Buncike Ekuholeni Okungokokuziphatha

Ubuqotho bukahulumeni abuwona umgomo ocatshangelwayo; buwumphumela ongokoqobo wezinkulungwane zezinqumo zansuku zonke ezenziwa izikhulu zomphakathi. Ngaphandle kwazo, ngisho nemithetho nezimiso eziningi kakhulu zingadukiswa yilabo abanegunya. Ngokuphambene, ukuhola okuqinile kwezimiso kudala impucuko yokuziphendulela lapho ubuqotho buba yiphutha, hhayi okuhlukile.

Abaholi beqembu babusekela ngokuqondile ubuqotho bukahulumeni ngezindlela eziningana:

Empeleni, ukuhola kwezimiso zokuziphatha kuyisisekelo sokwakhelwa kuso ubuqotho bukahulumeni, okwenza izimiso ezingaqondakali zibe ngokoqobo.

Imiphumela Yokwehluleka Komzimba: Inkokhelo Ephakeme Yokunganaki

Ukungabikho kobuholi bezimiso zokuhle akuphumeli ekungabini nalutho; kubangela ukungahleleki nokubola okukhulu. Imiphumela yokuhluleka kwezimiso zokuziphatha kuhulumeni ibhalwe kahle futhi inzima.

Ukuwohloka Kokwethenjwa Umphakathi

Mhlawumbe umphumela oshesha kakhulu ukuncipha kwethemba lomphakathi. Uma abaholi bebanjwa ekuphucweni kwezimiso zokuziphatha, ukuphatha iziphakamiso, noma ukusebenzisa kabi igunya, kuyagxeka. Lokhu kugxeka kunciphisa ukubophana kwezakhamuzi, kwenza izakhamuzi zingaqiniseki kakhulu ngokwaziswa kukahulumeni (kuhlanganise phakathi nezinkinga zempilo yomphakathi), futhi kuphehla izinhlangano zobupopuli ezithembisa ukubizwa ngokuthi "exhaphozini" kodwa ngokuvamile ziveza izixazululo ezilula. Ukucwaninga kwezembutho

Ukwanda Kokonakala Nokusetshenziswa Kabi Kwemithombo Yengcebo Yomphakathi

Ukuntuleka kobuholi bezimiso kudala indawo lapho inkohlakalo ingachuma khona ngokunganqandeki. Izikhulu zingahlanganyela ekufumbathiseni, ekukhwabaniseni, nasekukhwabaniseni ngaphandle kokujeziswa. Lokhu kuphambukisa izimali ezinkonzweni ezibalulekile njengezikole, izibhedlela, nezakhiwo, kulimaza izakhamuzi ngokuqondile. IBhange le World Bank ilinganisela ukuthi inkohlakalo inezela cishe ku 25% ekuthengeni kukahulumeni emhlabeni wonke. Amazwe anezimiso ezibuthakathaka zokuhola ngokwezimiso zokuziphatha (*) kanye nezingakhokhisi ukulandisa okungalawuleki okuvame ukuhambisana nezinkonzo ezidingekayo ezidingekayo ezidingekayo eziko.

Ukungahleleki Kwezombangazwe Nokungahleleki Kwezenhlalo

Uma izakhamuzi zibheka uhulumeni wazo njengongenabulungisa noma owonakele ngokuyisisekelo, zithambekele kakhulu ekuthatheni imigwaqo. I-Arabia Spring, i-Yuromadan e-Ukraine, nezinye izinhlangano eziningi ziye zaba nokonakala nokuntuleka kobuqotho bukahulumeni emsukeni wazo. Ukuhluleka kobupolitiki kululaza futhi ukufaneleka kwemiphumela yokukhetha, njengoba kubonakala ezimangalweni zokucindezelwa kwevoti noma ukuxhashazwa kwezezimali. Ukuhluleka kwezimiso zokulawula kungaphazamisa wonke amazwe, kuholele ekubuseni, ukuxabana, ngisho nokuhluleka kombuso.

Ingozi Engokomnotho

Ukonakala nokuntuleka kokubonakala kwangaphandle kuvimbela ukutshala imali kwamanye amazwe nasemakhaya, kunqanda ukusungulwa kwemisebenzi, futhi kwandisa izindleko zamabhizinisi. Amazwe anezimiso eziphansi avame ukubhekana nokukhula kweGDP, ukungalingani kweholo eliphakeme, nokungavikeleki okungokomthetho kwamalungelo empahla. Izinkampani zamazwe ahlukahlukene zivame ukuphawula ukonakala njengesithiyo esikhulu sokusebenza kwezinye izimakethe. Ukuhlola kwe International Monetary Fund kwathola ukuthi amazwe anesilinganiso esiphansi sokonakala kuyakhula futhi amelana kakhulu nokusha kwezomnotho.

Ukudangala Kwezakhamuzi Nokuyekelela Ukubusa Ngentando Yeningi

Uma abantu bekholelwa ukuthi lesi simiso simi ngenkani, bayeka ukuvota, bayeka ukuxoxa nomphakathi, futhi bayeke ukuthemba izinhlangano zentando yeningi. Lokhu kudideka kuvulela abakhokhi bobushiqela abakhokhi abakhokhi abakhokhi abaqhubeka beqeda izimiso zokuziphatha. Umjikelezo wokungathembani nokudumazeka kungaba nzima kakhulu ukuwushintsha.

Izinsika Zokubusa Kwama - Equal: Izakhiwo Ezisekela Ubuqotho Obuholayo

Akwazi ukuba khona kobuholi obuzihambelayo bodwa; budinga izimiso ezisekelayo nezimiso eziqinisa ukuziphatha okuhle kuwo wonke uhulumeni.

Ukubona Ingaphandle Nokuvula Kukahulumeni

Ukubona ngaphaya kwecala kuyindabko yokulandisa. Ukuthatha ama-oda, izimemezelo zomphakathi zemisebenzi ekhuthaza ukufakwa kwenye indawo, inkululeko yemithetho yolwazi, nemizuzu efinyelelekayo yomhlangano kuvumela izakhamuzi nomphakathi ukuba uqaphele izenzo zikahulumeni. Uma abaholi belwela ukuveza ukukhanya, banikeza uphawu lokuthi abanalutho lokufihla. Amazwe anjenge-Estonia asebenzisa izimiso zobuphili ezenza cishe zonke izintengiselwano zikahulumeni zibonakale kuyi-inthane, zinciphisa kakhulu amathuba okufumbathisa.

Imishini Engaxazululwa

Ngisho nomholi wezimiso ezingazuza ekuqondiseni okuzimele. Amahhovisi ezimiso, amakhomishane ezimiso, izinhlangano zokuhlola izibalo, kanye nezinhlangano ezizimele ezilwa nokonakala zisebenza njengemishini yokuhlola amandla ombuso. Le mikhakha kumelwe ixhaswe ngokwanele, iphaswe ochwepheshe, futhi ivikelwe ekungeneleni kwezombangazwe. i-United Nations igcizelela izinhlangano ezinjalo ekwakheni kwazo okumelene nokonakala. Ukugcinwa kwezimiso ezingoko ngokomthetho okusemthethweni kuhlanganisa nezijezenziwa ngokuncishwa kwemithetho esemthethweni.

Imithetho Ecacile Yokuziphatha

Izimiso ezicaciswe kahle zokuziphatha zezikhulu zomphakathi zibeka amathemba aqinisekile ngokuphathelene nezingxabano zesithakazelo, ukwamukelwa kwezipho, umsebenzi wangaphandle, nomsebenzi wangemva kohulumeni. Lemithetho kufanele ihlelwe futhi ihlanganiswe nokuqeqeshwa okuphoqelelwe. Zinikeza iphuzu elikhombayo elikwenza kube nzima ukuthethelela ukuziphatha okubi. I-OECD itusa ukuba imithetho enjalo ithuthukiswe ekuxoxeni nabafaki zincwadi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ithengwe ngokulinganayo nangokucacile.

Isivikelo Samagwebu Neziteshi Eziphephile Ezibikayo

Abaholi bezikhulu zezokuhlawulisa bakhuthaza izisebenzi ukuba zikhulume ngobubi ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuziphindiselela. Imithetho yokuvikela eqinile yokushaya ikhwela, kanye nokubika okungaziwa kwezinkinga, yenza ukuba kutholakale ngokushesha izinkinga. Amazwe anjenge-South Korea ne-United States aye abona inkohlakalo esobala edanjiwe abahuquzeli bekhwelo abanesibindi abagcina belwelwe kodwa babhekene noshushiso olunzima. Impucuko evikela abasho iqiniso iyisiko elinokubaluleka kobuqotho.

Ukuzitika Nokuthuthukisa Okusekelwe Kuyinzuzo

Lapho ukwethembeka kwezombangazwe noma ukuxhumana komuntu siqu kunquma ukuqasha nokukhushulelwa esikhundleni sokufanele, izindinganiso zezimiso ziyawohloka ngokungenakugwenywa. Izinkonzo zomphakathi ezingochwepheshe ngokuhlola ukuncintisana, ukuhlola, nokuvikela ekusebenziseni inqubo zikhanga futhi zigcine abantu abafanelekayo, abanezimiso. International Monetary Fund[[FL:1] ziye zaveza inkonzo yesizwe njengesihluthulelo sokusekela ukonakala okuphansi.

Ukuhlola Izenzakalo Zobuholi Bemithi Esebenzayo

Ukuhlola izibonelo zezwe langempela kunikeza ubufakazi obuqand ’ ikhanda bokuthi ukuhola kwezimiso zokuziphatha kungabuguqula kanjani ubuqotho bukahulumeni. Nakuba kungekho zwe eliphelele, abaningana babonisa indlela ukuzibophezela okuqinile ekuziphatheni okuzuzisa ngayo.

INew Zealand: Ifa Lokwethenjwa

I-New Zealand ilingana ngokungaguquki njengomunye wohulumeni abonakele futhi abathenjwa kakhulu emhlabeni, ngokwe-Transparency International’s Poration Perceptions Index kunye ne-OECD's Trust Survey. Ingxenye yomphakathi yakhiwe ngesisekelo esiqinile sezimiso zokuziphatha, kusukela ngeSivumelwano Senkonzo sikaHulumeni kanye nemithetho yeNkinga yeNkivi yeNkonzo kaHulumeni. Abaphathi bazo zonke izigaba balindeleke ukuba babonise ubuqotho, ukulandisa, nobuphathi. Ukusabela kukahulumeni kulokhu kuthemba kwe-CHOVAID-19 kwaqokomisa lokhu kuvinjelwa: izakhamuzi zakhona ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yokuthi zazikholelwa ukuthi abaholi bazo babe nezenzo ezinhle. Izikhulu zezikhulu zesigaba zombili zamaqembu amakhulu ziye zalondoloza izindinganiso zokuziphatha, futhi uma kwenzeka endabeni yesikhulu esibanjwa yi-Studemu ehlwini seze-curtude ezikhohlawulwa ngokushesha futhi zibekwa ngokunecala.

Amazwe AseScandinavia: Isibonelo Sobuqotho SaseNordic

ISweden, iNorway, iDenmark, neFinland ngokungaguquki zikhundla eziphakeme emhlabeni wonke zobuqotho bukahulumeni. Impumelelo yabo isekelwe enhlanganiseleni yezimiso zamasiko, izinhlangano eziqinile, namasiko angokokuziphatha. Ukubona ngokungathi siqiniswe kakhulu: imithetho yemibhalo yomphakathi yasendulo, futhi abezindaba baphenya ngenkuthalo ukuziphatha okungokomthetho. Abaholi kulamazwe bavame ukugcinwa ezindinganisweni eziphakeme zezindinganiso zokuziphatha, futhi amahlazo ezombangazwe avame ukuhlanganisa iziphaza ezimfazaneni eziqinile kodwa asakazwe. Isici esiyinhloko yinhlangano yezobukhonkolo yomphakathi , enikeza ukuqondisa okuzimele. Nakuba imiphakathi yaseScandinavia ingenamandla, ihlelwe izimo ezinjalo ezingoko eziphambili eziveza ukuphumelela kwezezentengo.

Estonia: Izimiso Zokuhlukanisa Izibalo Nokubonisana

I-Estonia inikeza ucwaningo oluphoqelelayo lwendlela ezobuchwepheshe ezingaqinisa ngayo ukuhola kwezimiso zokuziphatha. Kusukela ekupheleni kwawo-1990, i-Estonia iye yakha uhulumeni wezobuchwepheshe lapho zonke izinkonzo zomphakathi zisebenza khona kuyi-intanethi, futhi zonke izinkonzo zingekho futhi zikhona. Isimiso siklanyelwe ukwenza ukonakala kube nzima kakhulu: isakhamuzi singabona ukuthi sakha amarekhodi ezokusebenza noma ukwaziswa kwempahla. Umholi, kusukela kumongameli kuya kubefundisi, uye wakhuthaza njalo ukubonakala ngaphandle njengenani lesizwe. I-e - evernancernence iphumela ekuthembekeni komphakathi, ukonakala okuphansi, nokuhanjiswa kwenkonzo ephumelelayo. I-X-Raad platting iqinisekisa ukuthi ukwaziswa kuhambisana kuphela nemvume efanele, ukwenza ukuphatha kwezentengiselwano. Ukuhola kwale ye-Eth bekubalulekile ekwakheli, futhi kusebenza njengesibonelo seziko zezizwe.

Amasu Okuhola Kwezembubhiso Kuhulumeni

Ukuqonda ukubaluleka kobuholi bezimiso kumane kuyisinyathelo sokuqala. ohulumeni kumelwe basihlakulele ngentshiseko ngamasu ahloselwe ngamabomu asingatha kokubili ukuziphatha komuntu ngamunye nezimo zesimiso.

Ukuqeqesha Izimiso Nemfundo

Izimiso ezisemthethweni ezisemthethweni njalo, kufanele zinikezwe zonke izikhulu ze-operacter kubaphathi bamakhatheyini. Ukuqeqeshwa okunjalo kufanele kudlulele ngalé kokuphindaphinda iziyalezo zokuziphatha; kufanele kuhlanganise izingxoxo ezisekelwe emacaleni ezisiza abathatha izingxoxo ukuba bazi futhi baqondise izinkinga zezimiso. Imfundo esekelwe ezindleleni ezihlukene, enzima, ilungiselela abaholi ukwenza izinqumo ezisekelwe ezisekelwe ezicini. Izikhulu eziphezulu kufanele zithole ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe ekuholeni ngokwezimiso, kuhlanganise nendlela yokusingatha izingxabano zesithakazelo nendlela yokuthuthukisa isimo esingokwezimiso ezinhlanganweni zazo.

Ukuhola Ngesibonelo

Abaholi abadala kumelwe babonise ukuziphatha okuhle okubonakalayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuzisola ngezinqumo lapho benesithakazelo somuntu siqu, ukwenqaba izipho ezingadala izibopho, nokuvuma amaphutha obala. Uma umholi ethatha iholo phakathi nenhlekelele yezentengiselwano noma izisebenzi zokuzithandela isikhathi senkonzo yomphakathi, kunikeza isibonakaliso esinamandla. Ukucwaninga ngokokuziphatha kusikisela ukuthi abantu bathonywa kakhulu yilokho abakubona abanye bekwenza.

Ukuqondisa Nokuzilawula Ngokuzimele

Ukumisa nokunika izindikimba ezizimele amandla okuhlola nokuvumela ukuphulwa kwezimiso zokuziphatha kubucayi. Lezi zindikimba zidinga ukuzimela kwezombangazwe, imithombo eyanele, nekhono lokuphoqelela imiphumela ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuziphindisela. Izibonelo eziphumelelayo zihlanganisa i-I Independent Commission Against Urdection (ICAC) ne-South African Public Protection (nakuba eye yabhekana nezinselele). Ukuba khona kwenqubo ethembekile yokuqinisekisa ivimbela ukuziphatha okubi futhi iqinisa umyalezo wokuthi izimiso zokuziphatha aziyona into efunwa yintando yomthetho.

Izisusa Zokuziphatha Okunobuhlanya

Izinhlelo zokuqashelwa komphakathi ezibonisa ubuqotho zingaqinisa izindinganiso eziqondile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuhluleka kwezimiso zokuziphatha kufanele kube nemiphumela yomsebenzi, kuhlanganise nokululazwa noma ukuxoshwa. Uma lesi simiso sivuza ukuziphatha okuhle nokuziphatha okungenazimiso, abantu bathambekele kakhulu ekuhleleni izenzo zabo ngokuvumelana nalokho.

Ukuhlanganyela Nenhlangano Yomphakathi

Ohulumeni kufanele balwele ukugada izakhamuzi ekuhloleni ubuqotho. Ukuhlanganyela ekuhleleni imali, ukubambisana okusobala kukahulumeni, namakomiti aqondisa izakhamuzi kunikeza umphakathi isigxobo ekubuseni ngezimiso zezimiso. Izinhlangano zomphakathi, njenge-Transparency International izahluko, zingadlala indima yenja futhi zisebenzisane nohulumeni ukuqinisa izinyathelo zokulwa nokonakala. Izakhamuzi ezinolwazi nezikhuthele zingenye yeziphetho eziphumelela kakhulu ekuholeni okungalawuleki.

Izinselele Nemathuba Okuhola Kwabaholi

Kuzodingeka ukuba abaphathi kumashumi eminyaka azayo baxazulule izinselele ezintsha ezidinga ukucabanga okusha ngezimiso zokuziphatha.

Ubuchwepheshe Nokuhlakanipha Okuklanywe

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Al ekwenzeni isinqumo sikahulumeni − ekusebenziseni inzuzo yokukhokha inhlalakahle ukuze kubonwe kusengaphambili ukubupolishi (--"inikeza imibuzo ejulile yezimiso zokuziphatha mayelana nobandlululo, ukuziphendulela, ukulandisa, nokubona. Abaholi be-Ethical kumele baqinisekise ukuthi izimiso ze-algoriths ziklanywe futhi zisetshenziswa ngokungakhethi nangobungameli babantu. Kudingeka futhi basebenzise ubuchwepheshe ukuze bathuthukise ukubonakala, njengoba kuye kwenza i-Estonia. Ingozi iwukuthi izimiso ezifiphele ziba amathuluzi okungalawuliwe noma ukucwasa. Ohulumeni badinga ukwamukela EECD AIS , ukubonakala, ukuqina, nokulandisa.

Ukubambisana Kwembulunga Yonke Ngezindinganiso Ezingqubuzanayo

Ukonakala nokuwohloka kwezimiso zezimiso akulinganiselwe ngemingcele. Ukukhokhwa kwemali, ukufumbathisa kwezikhulu zangaphandle, nokugwema intela okungekho emthethweni kuyizindaba ezithinta amazwe ngamazwe. Ukuhola kwezentela kudinga ukuba ohulumeni babambisane emhlabeni wonke, bahlanganyele imisebenzi emihle kakhulu futhi babophe izivumelwano ezinjengeNhlangano yeZizwe Ezihlangene ngokumelene noHlomelo. Njengoba izinselele zembulunga yonke njengokushintsha ukuncintisana kwesimo sezulu, ukuthembana kwamazwe kuxhomeke ebuqothweni bombuso ngamunye.

Ukuhlanganyela Nezizukulwane Ezisencane

Ngokuvamile intsha ayibaza kakhulu izinhlangano kodwa futhi ifisa kakhulu. Ohulumeni kumelwe bathole izindlela zokuhlanganisa intsha ekubuseni ngezimiso zokuziphatha, ngemfundo, amaphalamende antsha, kanye nezindlela zobuchwepheshe zomphakathi. Abaholi bezesayensi yezesayensi yemvelo kufanele balalele izinkathazo zezizukulwane ezintsha, ikakhulukazi ezindabeni ezinjengobulungisa besimo sezulu, amalungelo emishini, nokukhetha kwezenhlalo. Ukuyihlanganisa ekwenzeni izinqumo kungasiza ekuvuselweni kabusha kwethemba futhi kufake imibono emisha yezimiso zokuziphatha.

Ukulwa Nokungaqondi Nokuhola Kwengqondo Esweni Lomphakathi

Kulenkathi yezenhlalo zezenhlalo, ukuwohloka kwezimiso zokuziphatha kwabaholi okucatshangelwayo kusakazekela ngokushesha, kunciphe ukwethenjwa ngokushesha kunanini ngaphambili. Ngokufanayo, imikhankaso yokukhipha ukwaziswa ingasola abaholi bezimiso zokuziphatha ngokungemthetho. Abaholi kumelwe bakhulumisane ngokucace gca, besebenzisa imikhondo engokomthetho ukuphikisa izindaba ezingamanga kuyilapho benamaphutha aqotho. Ukwakha iqoqo lokwethenjwa ngokuziphatha okungaguquguquki kungasiza ekuhlaseleni izulu. Ikusasa lifuna ukuba abaholi abaqotho kuphela kodwa futhi babonise ubuqotho babo endaweni yezokugxeka imithombo yezindaba.

Isiphetho: Ukusekela Ubuqotho Ngokuzinikela Okunganqamuki

Ithonya lobuholi bezimiso zokuziphatha ebuqothweni bukahulumeni likhulu futhi linezici eziningi. Ngokubeka isimo sokuziphatha sokuqondisa kuya ekwakheni izivikelo ezilawula ukuxhashazwa kwezimiso, abaholi bezimiso zokuziphatha bangabaklami ababalulekile bokuthemba izakhamuzi nombuso. Izindleko zokudebeselela ukuhola okungokokuziphatha okulungile (-"ukonakala, ukungahleleki, ukulimala kwezomnotho, nokubola kwentando yeningi"nezinga elikhulu kakhulu ukuba kungashalalelwa. Ngokuphambene, izinzuzo zokusekela ubuqotho ekunakekeleni ubuqotho zikhulu: ukwethenjwa komphakathi, imiphumela engcono, ukubambisana kwezenhlalo, kanye nentando yeningi yentando yeningi.

Ohulumeni ababeka ukuhola kwezimiso zokuziphatha eziphambili ezingezinhle; bahlala bengaphansi kokushiyeka kwabantu. Nokho, bakha izinhlangano namasiko abonakala ngokushesha futhi ahluleke ngokulunga, abavimbela ukuba abe yisimiso. Indlela yokukhomba kuhulumeni onamandla kakhulu ayikhona kunoma yiluphi ushintsho kodwa emfuthwaneni oqhubekayo, owengeziwe womzamo wokufaka izimiso zokuziphatha ekubusweni kobuholi, ukuqeqeshwa, ukuqondisa, nokusebenza kwansuku zonke. Njengoba izwe libhekene nezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, isidingo sabaholi ababusa ngobuqotho siyokhula kakhulu. Umhlangano odinga inseleleko engokobulungisa, ubulungisa, nokuhle okuvamile.