Isingeniso

Kuwo wonke amarekhodi ezempilo yezempilo esizwe, amarekhodi empilo empilo nengokwengqondo ngokuvamile asebenza njengobufakazi obubalulekile − noma kufakazelwa izinga lokulimala komuntu siqu, ukusungula indlela yokuziphatha okubi, noma ukuhlola ukuncintisana kweqembu. Nokho lamanani aphakathi kwezincwadi ezizwela kakhulu esimisweni sethu somthetho. Izivikelo zemfihlo eziwazungezile azizona nje izinto ezingcono; zibekwe ekwakhekeni kwamalungelo omthetho, imithetho kahulumeni, nemithetho kahulumeni. Ukuqonda uma imvume idingeka (/* nesidingo esibalulekile ku-ligigco, i-ligigns, nezokunakekela impilo. Lesihloko sinweba ezidingwayo ezinkonzweni eziyinhloko zokufinyelela imibhalo yezokwelapha nempilo engokwezempilo, ukunikeza iziqondiso ezibanzi ezidingekayo ngokuvikela imfihlolo engoko.

Ukusebenza Ngokomthetho Ngezimfuneko Ezinhle

Imfuneko edingekayo yamarekhodi ezempilo yezokwelapha nengqondo ayiyona eyize, ivela ekuhlanganeni komthetho - sisekelo, imithetho engokomthetho, nezimiso zomthetho.

ISichibiyelo Sesine Siyavikela

ISichibiyelo sesine soMthetho-sisekelo wase-U.S. sivikela abantu ekuhlolweni okungenangqondo nokuquleka. Nakuba ukuvuselelwa kwasekuqaleni kwakunabadlali bakahulumeni, isivikelo sawo sidlulela kumthetho futhi kwezinye izimo, ekutholeni izakhamuzi lapho kuhileleke indikimba kahulumeni. Izinkantolo ziye zalokhu zikholelwa njalo ukuthi umuntu ulindele imfihlo esemthethweni erekhodini yakhe yezokwelapha. Ngakho, noma imuphi umkhakhakha ophoqelelwe uhulumeni (noma umbutho owenziwe ngaphansi kwegunya lenkantolo, ufanele uhlangabezane nendinganiso yeSimende Sesine sokucabangela. Lendinganiso idinga isiqinisekiso esisekelwa yisizathu esilindelekile nencazelo ekhethekile yemibhalo efunwayo. Ngisho ngisho nasezindabeni lapho iqembu lomphakathi lifuna imibhalo yezomthetho ophansi noma ukutholwa, umthetho usebenza uma irekhodi ihlelwe yisiguli sesithathu (njengesibhedlela) futhi ingavumi.

IHIPAA Nemithetho Yezindaba Eziyimfihlo

I-Heal Inshorensisment Portability and Accounting Act (HIPAA) I-Alavement kahulumeni yokuvikela ukwaziswa okubonakalayo ngokwempilo ngayinye. Ngaphansi kwe-HIPAA, izinhlangano ezivalelwe (izikhundla zokunakekela impilo, izicwangciso zezempilo, nezindlu zokuhlambulula) zingadalula ulwazi oluvikelekile lwempilo (PHI) ngaphandle kwemvume esemthethweni engokomthetho. I-HIPAA iyisimende yenkantolo noma imvume. Ngokuphawulekayo, i-HIPAA ihlukanisa phakathi kwe-puena, uhlelo lwenkantolo, nemvume yokugunyaza. Imvume (ngokuvamile ikhishwa ngumahluleli oboniswe ngesizathu esinokwenzeka) i-HIPAA igcwalisa izimfuneko ze-octive ngaphandle kwemvume yesiguli. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Apena, idinga ithuba kanye nesinye isibonakaliso sesazi sokubaluleka.

Ukuhlukahluka Komthetho KaHulumeni

Imithetho yoMbuso inganikeza isivikelo esiqinile kunomthetho kahulumeni. Izifunda eziningi zinemithetho yazo siqu yezokwelapha, imithetho yezengqondo eyimfihlo (ngokuvamile enezivikelo ezikhutshiwe kakhulu emalini engokwengqondo), kanye nezinqubo eziqondile. Ngokwesibonelo, ezinye zifuna ukuba isiqinisekiso semibhalo yempilo yengqondo sibukelwe umahluleli okhethekile noma isiguli sithole isaziso sangaphambili ngaphandle kokuba inkantolo ithola isizathu esihle sokulibala. Ngakho i-Attoryney eqhuba ezimweni zomphakathi kumelwe ithintane nomthetho wesizwe osebenzayo. Ukuqonda i-interlinegial phakathi kwe-HIPAA nomthetho wezwe kubaluleke kakhulu; i-HIPAA i-preadress sisholow kuphela imithetho enikeza isivikelo esincane, ngakho isimo esivikelayo siyobusa.

Kunini Lapho Kudingeka Khona Umvikeli Oyinqaba Ezimweni Zangaphakathi?

Inkolelo - ze evamile iwukuthi imfuneko idingeka kuphela ekuhloleni ubugebengu. Eqinisweni, ukuqashelwa kwezindaba zomphakathi kuhilela izicelo zemibhalo yezempilo yezokwelapha nengokwengqondo engase idinge isiqinisekiso, ikakhulukazi lapho amarekhodi egcinwa umuntu wesithathu futhi isiguli singawafaki ngokukhululekile ezindabeni.

Ukubusa jikelele

Kudingeka imvume uma umceli efuna ukuthola amarekhodi ezempilo yezempilo yengqondo noma yempilo engokwengqondo ngokuphoqelelwa, ngaphandle kwesineke, futhi lapho amarekhodi engakangeni khona enkantolo. Lokhu kuvame ukuvela ezimpikiswaneni zokuthola. Ngokwesibonelo, uma ummangalelwa enqaba ukugunyaza ukukhulula amarekhodi akhe engqondo engqondo engaphambili, ummangalelwa angase adinge ukuthola uhlelo lwenkantolo. Kodwa uhlelo lwenkantolo alufani nemvume. Izinkantolo eziningi ziphatha imvume njengomnyango osobala kakhulu, kodwa ezifuna ukuba isizathu esilindelekile, hhayi nje esigunyaza. Ecaleni kwabe ukuthi “enkantolo ingakhipha imvume nje kuphela. ” Ezinkantolo, kungase kukhanselwe “imvume eyimfihlo yezelelwe inkantolo” noma“ i-Hapain, kodwa imithetho engokomthetho engokomthetho engokomthetho engokomthetho.

Imvume yokuhlanganisa i-Explorit v. Ukubekwa ngokusemthethweni

Uma umkhakha ufaka impikiswano yezokwelapha ngokufaka icala (umz., efuna ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo), bangase babhekwe njengabaye basusa ilungelo elingokomthetho lesiguli esiphethwe i-psychaptherapist. Nokho, i-raiser ayisiqedi isidingo semvume noma uhlelo lwenkantolo olusemthethweni. Amarekhodi ahlala e-PHI, futhi umuntu owemboziwe akanakukwazi ukuzinikeza nje. Iqembu elicelayo kumelwe lithole ilungelo elingokomthetho elingokomthetho elihambisana nohlelo lwenkantolo oluhlangabezana ne-HIPAA. Uma uhlelo lwenkantolo lusekelwe ngokusemthethweni futhi lungabangelangakhonzi, lungase lunganeliseki imfuneko egcwele kodwa lungasanele ngaphansi kwe-HIPA uma ludinga ukutholwa (g.), kodwa luye luye lugunyaze olunye uhlelo olubalulekile.

Izihlukaniso Ezingase Ziqede Imfuneko Eqashelwayo

  • I-Patient Consact: Imvume esayinwe ye-HIPAA-complicant ingadlula imfuneko yemvume ngokuphelele. Lena indlela evame kakhulu ezimweni zomphakathi lapho isiguli sivuma ngokuzithandela ukukhulula amarekhodi.
  • [ Izimo zokungalawuleki:[ Ezimweni ezingavamile, inkantolo ingagunyaza ukuthulula ulwazi ngaphandle kokuzwa ngaphambi kokuba kutholakale uma kudingeka ukutholakala ngokushesha ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulimala noma ukulondoloza ubufakazi. Ngisho nalapho, kudingeka isiqinisekiso noma uhlelo oluqinile.
  • Ukuhlola okuqondiswe nge-Ordret: Lapho inkantolo iyala ukuxilonga kwempilo yengqondo ngaphansi koMthetho 35 weMithetho ye-Federal ye-Civil Procediture (noma isifundazwe esifanayo), umbiko ovelayo ungakhishelwa ngokuqondile enkantolo, ngokuvamile ngaphandle kwesidingo semvume ehlukile. Umyalo ngokwawo unikeza igunya elingokomthetho.
  • Izicelo ze-Datary ezikhutshiwe:[ Ezinye izifundazwe zivumela umbambi hlangothi ukuba athole ukwaziswa okulinganiselwe, okungacaciwe noma okungahlukaniswa nhlobo kwempilo ukuze acwaninge noma afeze izinjongo zempilo yomphakathi ngaphandle kwemvume, kodwa okungahlangabezi izidingo zokwethathiswa kwezwe.

Izimfuneko Zokuthola Umsizi Ofanelekayo

Uma imvume idingeka, kumelwe yanelise izindinganiso eziningi ezingokomthetho. Ukwehluleka ukuhlangabezana nanoma yisiphi salezizimfuneko kungaphumela ekucininini irekhodi, isijeziso, noma ngisho nokuba necala lokudalulwa okungekho emthethweni.

Imbangela Enengqondo

Imbangela ecacile emongweni wemibhalo yezokwelapha ayisho ukuthi amarekhodi ngokwawo awasebenzi. Kunalokho, kudinga ukubonisa ukuthi kunenkolelo enengqondo yokuthi amarekhodi aqukethe ukwaziswa okunobufakazi obunganembile endabeni. Ngokwesibonelo, uma efuna isudi elingafanele, umuntu ofuna amarekhodi angenawo anesifo sikashukela angaphambili kumelwe abonise ukuhlobana okunengqondo phakathi kwalawo marekhodi nokulimala okushiwoyo. Ukukholelwa kokuthi amanani omthetho azimele awanakwanelanga. Imbangela engenzeka iphakeme kune-"mfashini ekwazini lokuthola ulwazi oluvamile lomphakathi. Izinkantolo eziningi zifuna ukuveza ukuxhumana okukhona phakathi kwalawo marekhodi nokulimala: ukukholelwa kokusebenza kwemithetho yecala kumelwe kunikeze amaqiniso akhethekile, hhayi nje.

Ukucaciswa (Ingxenye)

Umyalo kumelwe uchaze amarekhodi afunwayo ngokukhethekile. Izicelo ezifana nethi “wonke amarekhodi ezokwelapha” zizolahlwa noma zilinganiselwe. Isivumelwano kufanele sichaze:
- isibonakaliso sesiguli [
- Isazi sezempilo noma umqondisi wemibhalo [
- Izinhlobo zamarekhodi (umk., intuthuko yengqondo yempilo, amarekhodi agunyaziwe, iziphumo zokucwaninga)
- Uhla lwesikhathi (umk., kusukela ngoJanuary 1, 2018 kuya ku December 31, 20222)[FL:] - Isimo esiqondile noma umlando [isibonelo] [FLT] [FLT]] lesimo esinelisayo esivikela imfuneko esivamile nokuhlola ukwaziswa okungenayo kuphela.

Ukusekela I - Affidavit

Cishe wonke amafaktha adinga i-affidavit efunwe ummeli ocelayo. I-affidavit ku-'
- Umbuso isisekelo esiyiqiniso sesizathu esingenzeka [
- chaza ukuthi amarekhodi ahlobene kanjani nempikiswano yesizwe[[[
- Isibonisi sokuthi umsizi uwenze imizamo enengqondo ukuthatha amarekhodi ngezindlela ezimbalwa (umz., imvume, ithopena)[FLT] - Iqinisekisa ukuthi imibhalo ayikho ngandlela ethile [[FLTLD:]] umahluleli uzakuhlola i-ffidavit ukunquma ukuthi ikhona yini engokwasemthethweni. Kwezinye izikhombi ezisethini, ezinye izikhombi ezivi zisebenza ngaphansi kwe-diplot.

Ukuvunyelwa Ukwahlulela

Imvume kumele ikhishwe umahluleli noma imantshi ongathathi hlangothi futhi ongaboshelwa. Lemvume yokwahlulela iqinisekisa ukuzinqumela okuzimele kwezizathu okungenzeka ukuthi zibangelwa yisizathu nokuvumelana nezindinganiso zomthetho. Emacaleni omphakathi, umahluleli owengamele icala angase akhiphe imvume, kodwa ezinye izifundazwe zidinga isicelo esihlukile kumphathi wokwahlulela ohlukile ukuze alondoloze ukungakhethi. Imvume kumelwe ibhalwe futhi isayinwe yigunya elikhiphayo.

Izimfuneko Ezikhethekile Zeziyalezo Zenkantolo

Ngisho noma imvume itholakala, iHIPAA iphoqelela izimo ezengeziwe ngaphambi kokuba indikimba eyisikwele ithulule i-PHI. Ngokwe-45 CFR 76,12(e), uhlelo lwenkantolo noma imvume kumele yanelise lokhu okulandelayo:[
- Umyalo ukhishwe yinkantolo enegunya elifanele.
- Uhlelo luhlanganisa izinyathelo ezifanele zokuvikela (umk. g. g., ukugcwema okubomvu, noma ukuvikela) ukuvimbela ukuvinjelwa kobuswa kwemithetho.[[[FLT:] [[FLT:] - Imvume ilinganisela imibandela efunwayo ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwayo.[FLT] [ict:] [iiiiiiimfuneko engenziwanganele]

Izivikelo Zomuntu Ongasese Nokulinganiselwa Okutholakalayo

Ngisho nangemva kokuba isiguli sesigunyaziwe, izithakazelo zaso zomuntu siqu ziyaqhubeka zibaluleke kakhulu.

Ukubukeza Kwesicathulo

Phambi kokuphenya amarekhodi azwelayo mayelana nempilo yengqondo − ikakhulukazi amanothi engqondo noma amarekhodi aphathelene nengqondo (izinkantolo eziningi zifuna ukubukezwa kwekhamera (engasese). Umahluleli uhlola amarekhodi ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi aqukethe ubufakazi obuhlobene necala nokuthi akukho into enelungelo edalulwa ngokungafanele. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu emanothini aphathelene nokusebenza kwengqondo, lawo ngaphansi kwe-HIPAA anezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lokuvikela. Inkantolo ehlaziyayo ingavuse ifakelwe izimpawu ezingadiwe, i-actractic, i-acious, noma i-sychthene sytherapist protest.

Izimiso Ezivikelayo

Uma amarekhodi esekhiqiziwe, avame ukufakwa ngaphansi kweyambulela evikelayo evimbela ukusakazwa. Lomyalo ungavumela kuphela ofakazi abanolwazi ukuba babheke amarekhodi, banqande ukukopishwa, futhi badinge ukubuya noma ukubhujiswa ngemva kokuphetha icala. Umyalo ovikelayo awugunyazi ukuthatha uhambo lokudoba; umane nje unikeza indawo elondekile yokusebenzisa ubufakazi ekuqulweni kwecala noma ekubekeni izimpahla.

Imithetho Ekhethekile Yezempilo Engokwengqondo

Amarekhodi empilo yengqondo ngokuvamile athola isivikelo esikhudlwana ngenxa yohlobo olubucayi lokwelashwa kanye namathemba aqinile okungafihliwe eziguli. Izifundazwe eziningi zinemithetho enikeza iziguli ilungelo elifanele lokumelana nokuthululwa kwezokuxhumana nomelaphi. Ilungelo lingase lincishiswe kuphela uma isiguli sibeka isimo saso sengqondo empikiswaneni, futhi ngisho nalapho, ukudalulwa kulinganiselwe esimweni sokuphikisana. Isiqinisekiso semibhalo yezempilo yengqondo kumelwe ngokukhethekile sibonise ukuthi isidingo samarekhodi sidlula isithakazelo sesiguli somuntu esiyimfihlo, nokuthi ezinye izindlela zokuxhumana ngezokwelapha ziyaphela. Amanye amaza adinga ukuba udokotela noma isineke sinikezwe isaziso futhi ithuba lokunikeza isiqinisekiso ngaphambi kokuba kukhishwe isiqinisekiso.

Ukujeziswa Kwendawo Yokulahla Engagunyaziwe

Kokubili inkampani efunayo neyabo ababotshelelwe ibhekene nemiphumela engathi sína ngenxa yokwephula izimfuneko ezifanele noma imithetho eyimfihlo. Izijeziso zomphakathi ngaphansi kwe-HIPAA zingafinyelela amashumi ezinkulungwane zamaRandi ngokwephulwa, futhi umthetho kahulumeni ungagunyaza ukumangalelwa kwangasese kokuhlaselwa kwezindaba zomuntu siqu, ukwephulwa komthusi, noma ukwephulwa kwamalungelo omthetho wesiguli. Abaphangi abaphambayo bangabhekana nezijeziso ezingokomthetho, kuhlanganise nokungavunyelwa noma ukukhomba imingcele yesizwe. Ngakho, ukunamathela ngokuqinile ekufuneni izinqubo zomthetho akudingenzeki nje kuphela kodwa futhi kuhlakaniphile.

Izinyathelo Eziwusizo Kubantu Abadlala Nge - Athorney Befuna Amarekhodi Empilo Engqondo Noma Ezokwelapha

Ukuze siqondise inqubo edingayo ngendlela ephumelelayo, iseluleko kufanele silandele indlela ehlelekile.

  1. I-Acttemp ContractFFF Kuqala. Indlela elula kakhulu isayinwe, i-HIPAA-complitant igunya elivela esigulini (noma ummeleli waso ongokomthetho). Izingxabano eziningi zingaxazululwa ngokubuza ububanzi bokukhululwa. Uma imvume yenqatshwa, ibhalwe ukuthi inkantolo inqabile.
  2. [ Ukunikeza i-Subpoena kanye nokunikeza isaziso. Ngaphambi kokuba ufune isiqinisekiso, cabangela i-subpoena duces tecum (noma isicelo sokuthola) kanye nesaziso se-HIPAA-complicat. Uma izinto eziphethwe yisiguli, ungahamba uhlelelwe inkantolo. Lokhu kubonisa ukholo oluhle futhi kungabonakali kwemizamo enzima.
  3. [ I-Affidavit ngokucophelela. I-affidavit kufanele ihlanganise amaqiniso akhethekile abopha amarekhodi kulezozinto ezifunwayo noma izivikelo. Gwema ukuhlanganisa izingxenye ezihambelanayo zokuncenga, amarekhodi ezokwelapha asefaka ubufakazi, noma umbiko ongochwepheshe oveza ukuxhumana.
  4. Ukufuna i-Narnal Clome. Ukwandisa amathuba okuvunyelwa ukwahlulela, linganisela isicelo kumarekhodi amancane adingekile. Ngokwesibonelo, uma icala lihilela ukulimala kwesihlakala, asikho isidingo sokufuna amarekhodi esiguli adala aphathelene nesikhumba. Izizathu ezibanzi zikhuthaza ukunqandwa noma imingcele enzima.
  5. Cela i In Camera Review noma I-Terevision. qhweba ucele inkantolo ukuba ibukeze amarekhodi ngasese noma ikhiphe uhlelo oluvikelayo. Lokhu kubhekisa izinkathazo zezindaba zomuntu siqu zomahluleli futhi kungasheshisa isinqumo.
  6. ngokuvumelana noMthetho weZwe. Hlola izimfuneko eziqondile zikahulumeni. Ezinye zisho ukuthi imvume ithunyelwe kumnakekeli wezokwelapha ngendlela ethile (umz., ngokomuntu siqu, hhayi ngeposi). Abanye bayala ukuba isiguli sithole ikhophi yesiqinisekiso nenkulumo yamalungelo aso.
  7. Lungiselela ukuphoqelela. Uma imvume inikezwa, jongisa incwadi kumphathi wezokunakekela impilo ochaza isibopho sokwenza amarekhodi. Uma umnakekeli esanqaba, kungadingeka ubuyele enkantolo ukuze ubeke umthetho noma uzwe indelelo.

Umthetho Wamacala Nezibonelo Eziwusizo

Izinqumo eziningi ze-template zibonisa ukusebenza kwezimfuneko zomthetho ezidinga isineke emongweni womphakathi. eUnited States v. Seveney (icala lomphakathi elihilela amarekhodi ezokwelapha), iNqanda leshumi lesifunda lathi isiqinisekiso sokufuna amarekhodi ezokwelapha kumelwe sifelwe ngokucabangela imfihlo yesineke, kuhlanganise nethuba lesiguli lokubekela isiqinisekiso inselele ngaphambi kokubulawa isigwebo. Nakuba ubugebengu buye bathathwa emiyalweni yokuthola iziyalezo zesizwe. Doe. United States, inkantolo yombuso yayidinga ukuba uhulumeni ungenise imvume ekhona ngaphambi kokuba ungenele imvume yeze yempilo yezempi.

Kulelozinga lesifundazwe, Ingxenye yeGrand Jury Subpoena for Medical Records (N.Y. 2019) yagcizelela ukuthi i-toppoena iyodwa (ngaphandle kohlelo lwenkantolo) ingeyena imvume noma imvume) engenakulinqoba ilungelo lesineke lokubhekana nesidingo somphakathi. Ngokufanayo, i- [FLT]] Roe v. Inkantolo enkulu yakholelwa ukuthi amarekhodi engqondo avikelwe ngelungelo elikhethekile elinganqotshwa ngokubonisa ngokucacile isidingo esiphoqelelwe, okuseduze kwendinganiso elindelekileyo. Lezi zinqumo ziqinisa isidingo semvume yesivumelwano noma ukuhlelelwa kwenkantolo ngokunakekela.

Isiphetho

Imfuneko yemithetho yezempilo engokomthetho egciniwe engokomthetho nasezemkhakheni zomphakathi ayiyona nje inqubo esemthethweni; kuyisixwayiso esibucayi esilinganisela isidingo sobufakazi namalungelo ayisisekelo ezindaba zomuntu siqu. Ama-athorney kumelwe aqonde ukuthi iSichibiyelo sesine, i-HIPAA, nemithetho kahulumeni yonke ihlangene ukuze yakhe indlela engokomthetho efuna imvume: ngokunokwenzeka, isizathu, ukufushaniswa, ukufushaza, nokuhileleka kokwahlulela. Ngisho nalapho isiqinisekiso sitholakala, isivikelo esinjengendlela yokuhlola ikhamera, iziqondiso, nemingcele yezinga elikhona. Ngokusondela ngendlela ebanzi yenqubo ngokuvumelana, bese uhamba kancane izindlela zokulungisa, futhi ekugcineni ufune ukuqinisekiswa lapho kudingekile, okungafinyelele imigomo yabo esobala ngaphandle kokuhlehlisela ukugcinwa kwezimiso zesimiso sendlela yokuphatha noma ukugcinwa kwezimiso ezingokomthetho zezokusetshenziswa noma imingcele ezimweni ezingokwezelulekweni. [I-FFoff4] [ense, iziyalezo semiya ezindaweni eziqondiswe ngokwezisekeni sezezezezezezezezezezezezezezezezezeze