Lapho ijaji lithumela iposi, ngokuvamile lishukumisa ingxube yelukuluku lokwazi nokukhathazeka. Lenqubo ingazizwa njengemfihlakalo, kodwa ukukhonza ejajini kungenye yezindlela eziqondile izakhamuzi ezihlanganyela ngazo esimisweni sobulungisa. Lo mqondisi unikeza indlela ephelele yokudlula kulokho okwenzekayo kusukela ngesikhathi uthola lesosaziso esiphelweni sokuqulwa kwecala. Ukuqonda isigaba ngasinye kungaguqula ukwesaba kube umqondo wenjongo.

Umlando Nenjongo YobuJury Inkonzo

Ilungelo lokuqulwa kwecala liyikhothamo lezimiso zomthetho ezivamile. Ukuvela kwezimiso zomthetho eNgilandi enkathini ephakathi, isimiso sabahluleli saklanyelwe ukuvimbela ukuphaphanyiswa kukahulumeni futhi siqinisekise ukuthi izakhamuzi ezivamile, kunokuba zinqume umahluleli oyedwa noma uhulumeni, zinganquma icala noma ubumsulwa. UMthetho-sisekelo we-U. uqinisekisa lelilungelo kuzo zombili izigebengu zomthetho nezingalo zomphakathi ngaphansi kweSimemezelo SesiThathu nesiHlelo. Namuhla, amajaji asebenza njengesehlolo emandleni nasezindisweni omphakathini ezinqubwebweni zomthetho. Ngokukhonza, usiza ekusekeleni isimiso sokuthi ubulungisa abuhlukaniswa kuphela yizikhulu, kodwa ngesigaba somphakathi ngokwaso. Lokhu kudinga ukuhlanganyela okuqotho kwezakhamuzi zonke ezifanelekayo.

Ukuqonda Isibopho Sobufazi: Akulona Usuku Nje Enkantolo

Isibopho sobuJury siyisibopho esingokomthetho sezakhamuzi ezifanelekelayo nezibizwayo. Yinqubo lapho isimiso sobulungisa siqoqa khona iqembu lontanga abangakhethi ukuze sizwe ubufakazi futhi sikhiphe isahlulelo. Uma ukhonza, wenza okulandelayo:

  • Nikeza isahlulelo esisekelwe kuphela emaqinisweni anikezwa enkantolo.
  • Sebenzisa umthetho njengoba ufundiswa umahluleli kulawo maqiniso.
  • Hlanganyela ekucatshangelweni nezisebenzi ezikanye nazo ukuze ufinyelele isinqumo esivumelanayo noma esiningi, kuye ngokuthi udaba lunjani nokuthi lubuswa kanjani.

Ukunganaki ukubizwa akuyona indlela yokuzikhethela. Ukwehluleka ukuvela kungaholela ezijezisweni ezibalulekile, kuhlanganise nenhlawulo, isiqinisekiso sokuboshwa kwakho, noma ngisho sendelelo ngamacala asenkantolo. Umbuso ngamunye umisa imithetho yawo, ngakho kumelwe usabele ekubizweni njengoba kuqondiswa.

Izici Ezifushanisiwe Zencwadi KaJury: Ukuqaphela Kwakho Iziphathimandla

I-appers ifika ngeposi futhi inyatheliswa kakhulu ehhovisi lenkantolo. Lencwadi iqala inkonzo yakho. Lencwadi iqukethe imininingwane ethile okumelwe uyiphawule ngokucophelela:

  • Usuku nosuku lokubika [ - Yilapho kufanele uvele khona. Abanye babiza ukuba babonise isikhathi esiqondile sokuqala, kuyilapho abanye bekhombisa udeda.
  • [[UMTH:0] Ikheli lekhompone [ – Isakhiwo negumbi inombolo yesesho- ngaphakathi.
  • Iziyalezo zokuphendula [ - Izimemo eziningi namuhla zihlanganisa ingosi noma inombolo yocingo ukuqinisekisa, ukuhlehlisa, noma ukucela izaba.
  • A inani lejar [ - Lesikhomba sisetshenziswa kuyo yonke inqubo.
  • Ulwazi mayelana nokupaka nokunqabela izinto – izinkantolo ngokuvamile zivimbela izikhali, amaelektroniki, kanye nezisetshenziswa zokuqopha.

Ukusabela Ngokushesha Ezifingqini

Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze lapho uthola isimemo ivuliwe futhi ufunde zonke iziyalezo. Ifasitela lakho ngokuvamile lingamasonto ambalwa nje. Izinkantolo eziningi ziyakuvumela ukuba wenze lokhu okulandelayo:

  1. Ukutholakala okuqinisekisiwe [ – Indicate ukuthi ungakhonza ngosuku olunikeziwe.
  2. Icela ukuhlehliswa [ - Izizathu ezifanele zihlanganisa iholide elihlelwe kusengaphambili, inqubo yezokwelapha, noma isikhathi somsebenzi. Izinkantolo zithanda ukuthatha isikhathi uma unikeza isaziso esinengqondo.
  3. Sebetha izaba[ - Ukukhulula okungaguquguquki noma okwesikhashana kukhona. Izizathu ezivamile zihlanganisa ukuba ngaphezu kuka-70 (kwezinye izifunda), ukusebenza njengomnakekeli wesikhathi esigcwele, ukuba nesimo sezokwelapha, noma ukuba isikhulu sokugcinwa komthetho. Udinga ngempela ukunikeza imibhalo.

Ukusabela sekwephuzile noma cha kungakuxabanisa ukuphila kwakho.

Izimanga Nezici Ezivamile

Akuwona wonke umuntu ofanelekayo noma okudingeka akhonze.

  • Abangangeni emakhaya abafanelekeli inkonzo yamajaji ezikhundleni eziningi.
  • Ngokuvamile abahlali abakufanelekele, baphinde bawathole amalungelo abo omphakathi.
  • Amalungu ezempi akhuthele akhululekile emsebenzini wokucasha kwejaji likahulumeni.
  • Abantu abanezifo ezithile bangase bavunyelwe ukuba bavunyelwe ngencwadi kadokotela.
  • Ngezinye izikhathi abafundi besikhathi esigcwele bayakufanelekela ukuthatha isikhathi sesikole sokuyekethisa.

Uma ukholelwa ukuthi awukufanelekeli noma ukhululekile, kumelwe unikeze ubufakazi obudingekayo lapho usabela.

Ukulungiselela Inkonzo Yobusha: Okumelwe Ukwenze Ngaphambi Kokuba Uhambe

Nalu uhlu lwezinto okufanele uziphathe ngaphambi kokuba ungene enkantolo:

Lazi Ilungelo Nemithwalo Yakho Yemfanelo

Ziningi izinkantolo ezinikeza incwadi yezejaji kuyi-inthanethi. Zijwayeze izisekelo: ungakhulumi ngecala ngaphandle kwegumbi labahluleli, ungacwaningi ngala maqiniso, futhi ungathathi zincwadi.

Yazisa Umqashi Wakho

Umthetho kaFederal awufuni ukuba abaqashi bakukhokhele umsebenzi wejaji, kodwa izifunda eziningi zigunyaza ukuba uphume ungakhokhelwa. Qaphela umthetho wezwe lakho. Kwezinye izindawo, umqashi wakho akanakukuphindiselela ngokukhonza. Qaphela indawo yakho yomsebenzi ngangokunokwenzeka.

Hlela Indlela Ocabanga Ngayo

[[FLT:] - Iqinisekisa indawo yenkantolo futhi uthole indawo yokupakisha. Izindlu eziningi zenkantolo ziseduze nokuthutha komphakathi. Isici semigqa yezimoto nezokuvikela.
[[FLT]] ngokukhululekile kodwa ngenhlonipho] [[FLT:] - [4] - Awudingi isudi, kodwa ugwema ubhodi, kodwa ugwema amabhulukwe, ama-flip, noma izingubo ezihlasimuzayo. Izinkantolo zifuna ukubukeka okucocekile.
[indlela] Okuletha [FLT:] [FLT] - Uletha ukubuzisa, ukulanda, incwadi yesithombe, noma i-methobo ukuze ifundeke kakhulu (izinto ezibekwe ezigwetyelwe) noma inombolo zemali.

Hlela Ukunakekelwa Kwezingane

Izinkantolo azihlonyiselwe ukuqondisa izingane.

Okufanele Kulindelwe Enkantolo: Usuku Lokuqala

Usuku lokuqala lomsebenzi wejaji ngokuvamile luyi-atmartsss entsha yamajaji. Nansi imbonakaliso ngokulandelana yalokho okwenzekayo:

Hlola phakathi nokuQhubeke

Fika ngesikhathi esishiwo emyalelweni. Qhubekani niya egumbini lenhlangano yamajaji, indawo enkulu yokulinda. Nizohlola nezisebenzi zasenkantolo, ninikeze i-ID yakho, futhi nithole ibheji noma isigqebhezana. Ividiyo yesiqondiso noma inkulumo ihlanganisa izisekelo zenkonzo yejaji, indima yomahluleli, nezimiso zenkantolo.

Ukulinda Nokuhambela Kwezindawo Zendawo Ezisendaweni

Ngemva kokuma, uyalinda. Lokhu kungathatha imizuzu embalwa kuya emahoreni amaningana. Izinkantolo zingabiza amabhodi ayizijaji angu-20 kuya ku-60 ngesikhathi esithile ukuze ziyobika enkantolo ethile ukuze ithole i-voir. Lapho ulindile, ungafunda, usebenzise umshini wakho siqu (uma uvunyelwe), noma uqede noma ikuphi ukucela kwenkantolo.

Ukugadelwa kokuphepha

Ezinye izinkantolo zihlola izikhwama. Izinto ezibhalwe phansi zihlanganisa izikhali, amakhamera, neziqophi - mazwi.

Inqubo Yokukhetha I - Jury: Ukuqhuma Kwemisebe Okujulile

UVoir onzima kakhulu u-Fulentshi u-"lokukhuluma iqiniso" lena inqubo lapho abameli namajaji bebuza khona abazobe bahluleli ukuba banqume ukungakhethi. Kuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu kokuhlangenwe nakho kwenu kwabasizi bejaji. Nansi indlela esebenza ngayo:

Ukubuzwa UMahluleli Nezimfundamakhwela

Umahluleli uvame ukuqala ngemibuzo ebanzi: Ukhona yini omaziyo ohilelekile kule ndaba? Ingabe uke waveza umbono ngalokhu?

Uma wazi okuthile ngecala noma unombono oqinile, sho kanjalo umgomo ukuthola abahluleli abanganquma icala elisekelwe kuphela ebufakazini obunikezwa enkantolo.

Izinselele Zezimbangela Nezinselele Ezivivinyayo

Ama - attorney anezindlela ezimbili zokususa i - juror:

  • Icala ngembangela [[[FT:1] - Ijaji lingasuswa uma bebonisa ubandlululo, benomongo womuntu siqu, noma bebonisa ukuthi abanakuwulandela umthetho. Akukho mkhawulo walezinselele.
  • Inselele [ - Izinhlangothi zonke zingagadla inani elithile labaphathi bejaji ngaphandle kokunikeza isizathu. Nokho, lezinselele azinakusekelwa ngokohlanga noma ubulili. Inani lihlukahluka ngokohlobo lwe-com kanye nobubanzi.

Uma ungakhethwanga, ungase ubuyele ekamelweni lemihlangano ukuze wabelwe kwelinye iqembu noma ukhululwe ngalolosuku.

Uhlobo Lwezigelekeqe: Petit v.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamajaji esimisweni somthetho:

  • Ijaji le-petit - Lena ijaji lokuqulwa kwecala ocabanga ngalo. Lizwa ubufakazi kokubili emacaleni obugebengu nawomphakathi futhi libuyisela isinqumo. Amajaji akwamajaji avamile ahlanganisa abantu abayisithupha kwabangu-12.
  • Abahluleli abakhulu - Agcomp anqumeli icala. Kunalokho, inquma ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuba kubekwe icala lothile futhi liqhubeke liqulwe icala. Amajaji amakhulu makhulu, ngokuvamile abantu abangu 16 kuya ku-23, futhi amacala abo ayimfihlo. Uma ubizelwa emsebenzini omkhulu, isibopho senkonzo sivame ukuba side, ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube unyaka.

Izakhamuzi eziningi ezibizelwa enkantolo ziyosebenza ejajini elikhokhelwayo, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ungase kubizwe ngokukhethekile enkonzweni enhle yokukhipha izikhotha.

Ukukhonza Ejele Phakathi Nokuqulwa Kwecala

Uma ukhethwa, uba ngujaji ngesikhathi sokuqulwa kwecala. Nakhu oyakubhekana nakho.

Izinga Lokuqulwa Kwecala

Uvivinyo lulandelana ngokulandelana okuqondile:

  1. Izinkulumo ezivulayo - Izinhlangothi zonke zikhomba lokho ezihlose ukukufakazela. Lokhu akuwona ubufakazi, kodwa imapu yomgwaqo.
  2. Ukunikezwa kobufakazi - - oFakazi bayafakaza, kuthunyelelwa amabhukwana, futhi kuboniswe imibukiso engokoqobo. Ukushushiswa noma ukubukiswa kuhamba kuqala, kulandelwe yisivikelo.
  3. Cross ukuhlola – Impikiswano ibuza ofakazi ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthembeka kwabo nobufakazi.
  4. Izimpikiswano ezivezayo – Attorneys zifingqa ubufakazi futhi ziphikisane ngesinqumo esithile.
  5. [ Iziqondiso ze-JURY[ - Umahluleli ukutshela izindinganiso zomthetho okumelwe uzisebenzise, kuhlanganise nomthwalo wobufakazi (ngaphandle kokungabaza okunengqondo ezicaleni zobugebengu, ukudlulisa ubufakazi ezicaleni zomphakathi).
  6. [ Izibalo [ - Wena nokanye nabo abahluleli baxoxa ngecala ngasese ukuze kufinyelelwe isinqumo.

Indima Yomahluleli

Umahluleli uqinisekisa ukuthi icala liyicala, ushaya imithetho yokuphikisa, futhi uchaze umthetho kuwe. Kumelwe ulandele iziyalezo zomahluleli ngisho noma wena ngokwakho ungavumelani nomthetho. Indima yakho iwukunquma amaqiniso, hhayi umthetho.

Ukuzimisela Nokufinyelela Isinqumo

Uzokhetha umlandu ozohola ingxoxo futhi aqinisekise ukuthi wonke umuntu unezwi. Le nqubo ingathatha amahora noma izinsuku, kuye ngokuthi leli cala liyinkimbinkimbi kangakanani nokuthi kuphikisana kangakanani.

Imithetho eyisihluthulelo lapho kucatshangelwa:

  • Akukho muntu ongaphandle ocwaningayo — ungabheki noma yini ehlobene naleli bhokisi ocingweni lwakho noma ezincwadini.
  • Akukho kuxoxa nanoma ubani ngaphandle kwegumbi labasizi bejaji.
  • Lalela yonke imibono, finyelela isinqumo ngokuxoxa nangokubonisana, hhayi ngokuvota nje kweningi.

Uma abahluleli bengenakukwazi ukukhipha isinqumo esivumelanayo, ijaji lingase likhiphe icala elingafanele, futhi icala lingase liqulwe kabusha neqembu elisha labasizi bejaji.

Ubude Benkonzo: Iyohlala Isikhathi Eside Kangakanani?

Isikhathi esithatha ikomiti yamajaji siyahlukahluka kakhulu:

  • Ukuqulwa kosuku olulodwa [ – amacala amaningi obugebengu kanye namacala amaningi omphakathi axazululwa ngosuku olulodwa.
  • [ Ukuhlola usuku lonke [ – iziguli zomphakathi eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, njengendlela engasebenzi kahle yezokwelapha noma izingxabano zezentengiselwano, zingathatha izinsuku ezintathu kumasonto amabili.
  • Ukuqulwa kwecala le-Lengtgthy – Amacala obugebengu aphezulu-profile, izimpikiswano ezisemthethweni, noma izenzo zesigaba zingaqhubeka amasonto noma ngisho nezinyanga.

Abalindi ngokuvamile abatshelwa ubude obulindelekile becala kuze kube ngemva kokuzikhethela. Zilungiselele engqondweni ukuzibophezela okungenani izinsuku ezimbalwa. Uma unempi ekhona ngaphambili, kufanele ukuba uyiphakamise phakathi ne-voir eshaqisayo.

Ukuzinika Isikhathi Nesikhathi Sokuyeka Umsebenzi

Inkokhelo yomsebenzi wobujukuju incane ezindaweni eziningi. Isukela kuR5 kuya ku-R150 ngosuku, inenani eliphakeme lenkantolo kahulumeni kanye nezinye izifundazwe (njengeNew York ne California) ezinikela ngenani elingaphezulu. Abanye abaqashi bakhokhela umholo wakho ogcwele phakathi nenkonzo yamajaji, kuyilapho abanye bengakhokhi nhlobo.

Amalungelo Akho Nomqashi Wakho

Izifunda eziningi zinemithetho enqabela abaqashi ukuba bashaye, basongela, noma bakhiphe isigwebo ngenxa yokusebenza ejajini. Nokho, umthetho awufuni ukuba umqashi wakho akukhokhe lapho usebenza.

  • Yazisa umqashi wakho ngokushesha lapho uthola isimemo.
  • Uma uzisebenzela noma umakhi, hlela ngokufanele.
  • Ezinye izinkantolo ziyayishaqisa inkonzo yokunciphisa ubunzima; ungacela ukuhlehliswa uma kudingeka.

Izinganekwane Ezivamile Ngokulahlwa Kwemifantu Engaphelele Ziyalahlwa

Nawa amaqiniso asekela izinganekwane ezivamile:

  • Myth: Ungagwetshwa emsebenzini wejaji nganoma yisiphi isizathu. Iqiniso liwukuthi izinkantolo zinikeza izaba zobunzima obuthile kuphela, njengesidingo sezokwelapha, imisebenzi yokunakekela, noma umthwalo wezezimali onzima kakhulu. "Angifuni ukukhonza" akusona izaba ezifanele.
  • : Abantu abanezizinda ezingokomthetho kuphela abafanelekela njengejaji. Iqiniso liwukuthi abahluleli bakhethwa kahle ngoba beyizakhamuzi ezivamile ezingenakho ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile okungokomthetho. Ama-Atttorney afuna iqembu elihlukene lemibono, hhayi igumbi eligcwele abameli. Eqinisweni, abameli ngokuvamile abavunyelwe ukuba bakhonze emacaleni athile.
  • Myth: Ungazishaya indiva ukubiza kwabasizi bejaji ngaphandle kwemiphumela. Ukunganaki ukubizwa kuholela ekuhlawulweni, ebhentshini, nokudelelwa okungase kwenzeke enkantolo. Ukusabela ngezindlela, nokwehluleka ukuvela kuthathwa ngokungathi sína.
  • Myth: Umsebenzi kaJury njalo uphumela ekukhetheni ukukhonzwa. Abantu abaningi ababizwayo bazoxoshwa ngesikhathi sokukhetha. Ukubizwa ukuba ube yilungu lejaji akuqinisekisi ukuthi uzohlala ecaleni.
  • : Imvuthuluka emacaleni obugebengu kumelwe ivumelane. Ezinkantolo zikahulumeni nasezifundazweni eziningi, yebo, kodwa ezinye izifundazwe zivumela izinqumo ezingezizo ezenani elihlukene ezicabeni ezithile zomphakathi. emacaleni obugebengu, iNkantolo ePhakeme yase-U.S. ifuna ukuba kungabi namibandela kuzo zombili izinkantolo zesifunda nombuso kusukela Ramos v. Louisiana[FL:3] [20]

Ukugwema Ukukhwabanisa Okuhlobene NobuJury Duty

Ngeshwa, abakhohlisi ngezinye izikhathi bazenza izikhulu zenkantolo futhi bafune inkokhelo "yokwehluleka ukuvela" emsebenzini wokwahlulela. Akukho nkantolo engokomthetho eyokubiza futhi ifune ukukhokha ngokushesha ngekhadi lesipho, ukudluliswa kocingo, noma ukuqashelwa. Uma uthola ucingo olunjalo, lubeke futhi ubika enkantolo yendawo ngokuqondile. Ngaso sonke isikhathi sebenzisa ukwaziswa okuphathelene nocingo kubaphathi benkantolo, hhayi isibalo sokushaya umshadisi okunika sona.

Zivikele:

  • Ngokuvamile izinkantolo ziqala ngokuxhumana ngeposi.
  • Ngeke bacele izinombolo zamakhadi okuthenga ngesikweletu noma izinombolo ze - Social Security ngocingo.
  • Uma usola ukuthi kukhona umkhomishane, xhumana nokhomishane wejaji kahulumeni wakho noma ihhovisi lomphathi - dolobha.

Iposi-lamuva: Okwenzekayo Ngemva Kwesiyalo

Uma ijaji selifikile esinqumweni, umqondisi wamacala umemezela enkantolo esobala. Ecaleni lobugebengu, "angenacala" isinqumo sisho ukuthi ummangalelwa ukhululiwe futhi akhululwe. Isinqumo "icala" sisho ukuthi umahluleli uzohlela ukugweba esikhathini samuva. Emacalani omphakathi, abahluleli banganquma futhi ukulimala.

Ngemva kwesinqumo, umahluleli uvame ukubonga abasizi bejaji ngenkonzo yabo. Kwezinye izindawo, abasizi bejaji bakhululekile ukuxoxa ngezizathu zabo ngemva kokuqulwa kwecala. Ungaxoxa ngecala nanoma ubani, kuhlanganise nemithombo yezindaba, uma ukhetha. Nokho, akudingeki ukuba ukhulume ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwakho. Abakhomisi abaningi bathola lenqubo inenjongo futhi bathi bazophinde bakhonze.

Amacebiso Awusizo Okuhlangenwe Nawo Amasha Amnandi

Ukuze usebenzise inkonzo yakho yokuvuna, khumbula iseluleko esilandelayo:

  • Yima ngesikhathi. Imithetho elandelwayo yenkantolo isebenza ngesikhathi. Ukufika sekwephuzile kungathatha isikhathi ukuqulwa futhi kungakulahla.
  • [[INT.0] Iphaka ukudla kwasemini noma okulula. Igebhu ehlukene. Ezinye iziteshi zinezindawo zokudlela, kanti ezinye zinemishini yokuthengisa kuphela.
  • Ulethe okuthile okuzofundwa. UNobels, omagazini, noma ama-crossword puzzle angadlula isikhathi phakathi nezikhathi zokulinda.
  • [[I-FLT:0] icima noma ithule zonke izisetshenziswa zemishini yogesi [[[FT:1] uma ungena enkantolo noma endlini yokuxoxa. Ngisho nocingo olunomsindo lungabangela ukwedelelwa.
  • Uhlale uvule ingqondo. Abagcini bejaji abangcono kakhulu yilabo abalalelisisa, bacabangele bonke ubufakazi, futhi bangene ekuhlomaneni ngokuzimisela ukuxoxa.
  • Thatha amanothi uma evunyelwe. Abanye abahluleli bavumela ukuthatha amaphuzu phakathi nobufakazi. Uma udinga, buza i-beifif noma umabhalana.
  • [ Buza imibuzo. Uma ungaliqondi igama noma umyalo ongokomthetho, ungabhalela umahluleli incwajana. Ungaceli omunye ukuba acacise phakathi nokuqulwa kwecala.

Isiphetho

Umsebenzi wobujukujeku awusona nje isibopho; kuyilungelo elilawula isimiso sethu sobulungisa. Ngokuphendula ubizo, uqinisekisa ukuthi abenzi besinqumo enkantolo bansuku zonke bangabantu abanikeza ukuqonda okuzwanayo nokulunga enqubweni. Lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho kungaba okufundisayo, okunenselele, futhi okushukumisayo. Uma ucelwa, ukukwamukela njengomthwalo wemfanelo owenziwe izinto. Qonda inqubo, lungiselela kahle, futhi ukhonze ngomqondo ocacile wenjongo. Inkonzo yakho isiza isimiso semithetho sigcwalise isithembiso saso sokungakhethi.

Ukuze ufunde ngokwengeziwe, hlola U.S. ikhasi lenkonzo yamajaji lemithetho kahulumeni kanye newebhusayithi yakho yenkantolo yecala yenqubo yendawo. Ukubona ukuwohloka kwezimfanelo zejarizo ngokwezwe, [[FLT:] iMelikan Bar Association futhi inikeza isiqondiso esiwusizo.