Indima Ebucayi Yokubhala Izici Zobandlululo Lweminyaka

Ubandlululo lweminyaka lusalokhu luyinkinga engapheli futhi ngokuvamile engabikwa kakhulu emsebenzini eUnited States nasembulungeni yonke. Naphezu kokuvikelwa okungokomthetho njengeNkathi Yokucwasa Asebesebenzi (ADEA) ka-1967, enqabela ukucwaswa kwabantu abaneminyaka engu - 40 ubudala nangaphezulu, izisebenzi eziningi zisabhekana nobandlululo olucashile nolukhulu olusekelwe ebudaleni bazo. I-Ecompali Yomsebenzi I-Oclority Omplition Commission (EOC) ithola izinkulungwane zecala lokucwaswa kweminyaka unyaka ngamunye, okugcizelela isidingo esiqhubekayo sokuqapha nokulungiselela.

Elinye lamathuluzi anamandla kakhulu isisebenzi esinalo lapho sibhekene nokucwaswa kobudala liyirekhodi eliphelele, elinembile, nelihleliwe lezenzakalo zonke. Ukubhalwa kwamagama kuguqula umuzwa ongacacile wokuphathwa ngokungafanele ube ubufakazi obuqinile obungabukezwa, bucaciswa, futhi busebenze. Uma kwenziwe kahle, imibhalo ayiqiniseki icala lomuntu kuphela kodwa futhi isiza abaqashi ukuba baqaphele izimpikiswano ezingokobudala futhi bathuthukise indawo ehlukene. Lesihloko sihlola ukubaluleka kokubhala izenzakalo zobandlululo, inikeza isisekelo esiningi salokho okungabhalwa futhi kuchazwe ngendlela echaza ngayo ukuthi izinkolelo ezifanele zingawenza ngayo umehluko phakathi kobandlululo olungaxazululeki nokulandisa.

Isizathu Sokuba Kubhalwe Izindaba Zobandlululo Lobudala

Ukwakha Icala Elingokomthetho

Isizathu esiyinhloko sokubhala ukucwasana ngeminyaka siwukwenza ukukholeka okunokwethenjelwa, ukulandisa kwezikhathi okungasekela ukukhononda okungokomthetho, umbiko wangaphakathi, noma icala. Inkumbulo iyafiphala, futhi imininingwane ifinyele. Indaba ebhalwe ngokushesha ngemva konyaka ngamunye ithatha amagama acacile (ashiwo ngokunembile), umongo, abantu abahilelekile, kanye nomphumela ongokomzwelo ongase unyamalale. Kubameli nakubacwaningi, uchungechunge olubhalwe kahle lwezenzakalo lunamandla kakhulu kunenkumbulo evamile yokungalungi. Ingabonisa indlela yokuziphatha okungabonakala esenzekeni esisodwa.

Ukususa Umthwalo Wobufakazi

Ezimweni eziningi zokucwaswa kwemisebenzi, isisebenzi ekuqaleni sinomthwalo wokubonisa ukuthi ubandlululo lwenzekile. Inkantolo ePhakeme yase-U.S. ihlela i- McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green ifuna umthathi-mzanyana ukuze amise icala le-prigma facie. Izincwadi ezicaciwe zisiza ukuhlangabezana nalomnyango ngokubonisa ukuthi isisebenzi sifanelekelekile, sathola isenzo somsebenzi esinzima (njengesidina, ukukhushulwa, ukudluliswa, noma ukudluliswa ngenxa yokukhushulwa), futhi ukuthi izisebenzi ezincane zaphathwa ngendlela efanayo zaphathwa kahle kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwemibhalo, izisebenzi zingazama ngisho nokuthwesa umbukiso.

Ukulandisa Okukhuthazayo Kwabaqashi

Izinhlangano zivame ukuncika ekubikeni ngaphakathi ukuze zibone futhi zilungise inqubo yobandlululo. Uma izisebenzi zibhala futhi zihlanganyela izenzakalo zezehlakalo ze-HR noma abaphathi, zinikeza inkampani ukwaziswa okungathatha isinyathelo. Abaqashi abaningi bafuna ngobuqotho ukugwema ukubekeka icala nokuthuthukisa imisebenzi elungile. Ukwaziswa kunikeza ubufakazi okudingeka ukuba ziphenye, izigebengu, futhi zilungise izimiso. Ngaphandle kwazo, izikhalo zingalahlwa njengezeqisayo noma ezeqisayo.

Ukunikeza Ukufaneleka Okungokomzwelo

Ukucwaswa kucindezela futhi kuthathela abantu irekhodi kungasiza isisebenzi esithintekile ukuba silungise lokho okwenzeka, siqaphele ukuthi ukuziphatha kungathi sína kangakanani futhi sizizwe silawuleke kakhulu. Ukubhala phansi isenzakalo kunganciphisa amathuba okubhekana nobunzima obengeziwe noma ukululaza okuhlangenwe nakho kamuva.

Okufanele Kubhalwe: Umshini Ohlolayo

Akuyona yonke imininingwane ebaluleke ngokufanayo, kodwa imicimbi ephelele. Izici ezilandelayo kufanele zihlanganiswe ngesenzakalo ngasinye sokucwaswa kobudala. Uma noma iluphi ulwazi lungaziwa, phawula ukuthi “alukwaziwa” noma“alusebenzi” kunokuyishiya ingekho.

Imininingwane Ebalulekile Yesimo Ngasinye

  • [[INTLA:0] Usuku nesikhathi[ - qopha usuku oluqondile nohlelo lwesikhathi ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma isenzakalo senzeka nge-imeyili, phawula i-spand yesigijimi.
  • Izindawo - Ikhomba indawo engokoqobo noma engokoqobo (umzk., “Umhlangano wendlu B,”“ igumbi lokuhlikihla,” “kusukela eqenjini lamasonto onke libiza”.
  • Amagama abo bonke abahilelekile [ - Hlanganisa umuntu (a) owaphendula ngobandlululo noma wathatha izenzo zobandlululo, kanye nanoma iziphi iziphathi, abameleli be-HR, noma osebenza nabo ababekhona noma besazi isenzakalo.
  • Ulimi olunophawu noma ukuziphatha - - icaphuna ngokunembile ngangokunokwenzeka noma yiziphi izinkulumo zokudlulisa umlomo (umz., “Sidinga igazi elisha,” “Umdala kakhulu ukuba ufunde i-software entsha,”“Sifuna abantu bomdabu be-minubers”. Chaza ukuziphatha okungathandeki njengokunganakwa emihlanganweni, ukwabelwa imisebenzi engathandeki, noma ukukhishwa ezigingqini.
  • [ Ofakazi [ - dweba amagama aphelele kanoma ubani owabona noma wezwa isenzakalo. Uma ofakazi kamuva befakazelwa ikhawundi yakho, phawula lokho futhi.
  • Ubufakazi - Ujobelelo noma isikhombi noma imaphi ama-imeyili, imibhalo, ukubukeza umsebenzi, imisebenzi, amaphuzu omhlangano, noma izimiso zenkampani. Gcina amakhophi anoma yiziphi izingcindezelo ezibhaliwe zenkathi yokukhomba noma okuhlangenwe nakho ngendlela yokuzichaza.
  • Impendulo engathi shubi noma ikuphi imiphumela [ - Chaza indlela osabela ngayo ngalesosikhathi (umz.,"“ Ngamelana,” futhi ngathi “Ngahlala ngithule” nanoma yimiphi imiphumela esheshayo (umz., “Ngatshelwa ukuba ngingabi nozwela,”“ Umphathi wami walahla ukukhathazeka kwami”.
  • sebenzisa umsebenzi wakho noma umsebenzi - phawula indlela isenzakalo esithinta ngayo imisebenzi yakho, ukuhlola ukusebenza, ubuhlobo, noma amathuba okuthuthuka.

Isibonelo Sesiqalo Esibhalwe Kahle

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Indlela Yokubhala Ngokuphumelelayo: Imikhuba Emihle Kakhulu

Ukwenza ingobo yomlando kusiza uma kwenziwa ngokungaguquki, ngokunembile nangokuqinisekisiwe. Landela lezi ziqondiso ukuze wandise inani lemibhalo yakho.

Izenzakalo Eziqophayo Zishesha

Bhala phansi okwenzeka ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngemva kwesenzakalo (ngokuvamile) phakathi namahora angu-24. Ukulibala kwandisa ingozi yokukhohlwa imininingwane egxekayo noma ukungcolisa inkumbulo yakho ngezingxoxo zamuva. Ngisho namaphuzu ambalwa ezinhlamvu abhalwe phansi ngokushesha angasebenza njengesisekelo sokungena okuphelele ngokwengeziwe kamuva.

Namathela Emaqinisweni, Hhayi Imizwa

Nakuba kungokwemvelo ukuthukuthela, ukulimala, noma ukukhungatheka, kufanele kubhalwe ngendlela eqondile. Kunokuba ubhale ukuthi “umqashi wami wayenodelelo kimi ngenxa yobudala bami,” bhala:“ Umqashi wami wathi, ‘ Sidinga intsha engobuchwepheshe kuyilapho ingibuka ngokuqondile phakathi nomhlangano wemisebenzi.” Unganezela ingxenye ehlukile yethonya elingokomzwelo uma kudingeka ukuze ubhekisele kuwe, kodwa i-log eyisisekelo kufanele ibe yiqiniso.

Sebenzisa Isimo Esingaguquki

Faka isilinganisi esinesilinganisi noma i-spreadsheet sokulinganisa i-log ehlanganisa amasimu ahlelwe ngenhla. Ukungaguquguquki kwenza kube lula ukubukeza amarekhodi kamuva nasemabala. Abameli abaningi batusa ukusebenzisa i-processor elula ye-octal ye-apply noma i-apply evikelwe nge-password. Gwema ukusebenzisa imishini yenkampani noma ama-akhawunti ukuze ugcine i-log yakho, njengoba umqashi engase athole ngokomthetho kulezo zimiso.

Gcina Ngokulondekile Futhi Wenze Izivikelo

Gcina amadokhumende akho endaweni elondekile engafinyelelwa umqashi. Ukukhetha kuhlanganisa i-akhawunti ye-imeyili yakho, inkonzo yamafu ebhalwe ngokukopisha okunamandla (jengesibonelo, i-ProtonMail, Tresorit), noma incwadi ephathekayo egcinwe ekhaya. Yenza okungenani ama-seculo amabili (ekubili amanani) kanye nekopi yephepha elilodwa. Uma usola ukuthi ama-akhawunti akho enombolo angaqashwa, cabangela ukunyathelisa nokugcina amaphepha ngaphandle komsebenzi.

Funa Iseluleko Esingokomthetho Ngaphambi Kokwenza Okuthile

Uma ucabangela ukufaka icala e-EOC noma enxuseni likahulumeni, qala uthintane nommeli wemisebenzi. Ummeli angaluleka ukuthi yini engabhalwa, ukuthi uzobika idokhumende ngaphakathi, nokuthi ungazivikela kanjani ekuphindiseleni. Abameli abaningi banikeza ukuhlola kokuqala kwesihle. Ungathola ummeli ofanelekayo ngemithombo enjenge- i-National Robodyers Association[ noma izinxulumani ze-bharba.

Ukuqaphela Izinhlobo Ezivamile Zobandlululo Lobudala

Ukubhalwa kwendlela kuphumelela kakhulu uma wazi ukuthi yini ongayifuna. Ukucwaswa ngeminyaka kungaba ngezindlela eziningi, ezinye ezicashile nezingaqondakali. Ukwazi lezi zindlela kukusiza ukuba uphawule izenzakalo ezidinga ukuqoshwa.

Ukubandlululana Kubangela Ukweqa Nokuhlulwa

UJob ufaka izinombolo ezihlanganisa ama-prom: “othweswe iziqu abasha,”“ abadabukayo,” noma “abasha nabanamandla,” noma “asebeneminyaka engu-2-5” bangakhipha ngokuphelele izisebenzi esezikhulile. Phakathi nezingxoxo, imibuzo ngezinsuku zokuphothula, amasu omhlalaphansi, noma “ukulingana neqembu elincane” amafulegi abomvu. Uma umdala ocela isicelo futhi ukholelwa ukuthi walahlwa ngenxa yobudala, bhala yonke izingxoxo nomqashi, kuhlanganise nemiyalezo ye-imeyili kanye namaphuzu ngemibuzo yengxoxo.

Ukuphathwa Ngokungafani Ekuthuthukiseni Nezabelo

Ukukhushulelwa esikhundleni sokufuna umuntu osemusha, oyisisulu esincane kuyindlela ejwayelekile yokucwasa ngeminyaka. Ukubhalwa kwezincwadi kufanele kuhlanganise izimfanelo zakho, izimfanelo zomuntu okhethiwe, nanoma yiziphi izinkulumo ezenziwe ngobudala noma “imibono emisha.” Ngokufanayo, ukwabelwa imisebenzi engathandeki, ukuphucwa imithwalo yemfanelo, noma ukuthathelwa indima engabonakali kungaba izimpawu zokukhetha okusekelwe ebudalani.

Ukudilizwa Nokuncishiswa Kwamabutho (RIF)

Phakathi nokudilizwa, izisebenzi esezikhulile ngezinye izikhathi zihloselwe ngokungenakulinganiswa. Abaqashi bangase bazame ukuthethelela ukukhetha ngokucaphuna amaholo aphakeme noma “amazinga okukhula alinganiselwe.” Uma ukhishwa noma ubona osebenza nabo abadala bethinteka ngokungenakulinganiswa, ubhale izimpawu zokukhetha, inani lalabo abalahliwe, nanoma iziphi izinkulumo ezishiwo ngokuphathelene nobudala noma umhlalaphansi.

Ukuhlukunyezwa Nokuhlala Emsebenzini Onenzondo

Ukuhlukunyezwa okusekelwe enkathini kungahlanganisa amahlaya, ukuthuka, iziteketiso (umz.,” “umkhulu,”, izikhombo eziphindaphindiwe ezimayelana nokwehla kwamakhono, noma ukwehla kwemisebenzi yemihlangano nemisebenzi yomphakathi. I-EEOC ichaza indawo yomsebenzi enonya njengendawo lapho ukuziphatha kunzima noma kusakazeke ngokwanele ukuba kushintshe izimo zomsebenzi. Ukugcina uhlelo lwesibonelo ngasinye, nezinsuku nofakazi, kubalulekile ukuze kubonise ukunwebeka.

Ukuphindisela Kwalabo Abakhonondayo

Uma ubika ubudala bakho obungalingani − noma ngaphakathi noma enkampanini yangaphandle — futhi khona - ke ubhekana nemiphumela emibi enjengokuthotshiswa, ukubukezwa kwekhono, noma ukuqedwa, ungaziphindiselela. Khuluma noma iziphi izinguquko ekwelapheni ngemva kokuba ukhalaze. Ukubuyisela inguquko akuvunyelwe ngaphansi kwemithetho efanayo enqabela ukucwasana, futhi imibhalo enamandla ingafakazela ukuhlobana phakathi kwesikhalo nesenzo esibi.

Ithonya Lokubhala Endleleni Engokomthetho

Ukuthatha isinyathelo sokuthatha isigwebo secala kuyisinqumo esingathi sína, kodwa imibhalo egciniwe yenza leyondlela icace futhi ithembeke ngokwengeziwe.

Ukuqinisa Izindawo Zokuhlasela Ze - EOC

Ukumangalela nge-EEOC kuyimfuneko ekwahluleleni ukucwasa okukhulu kobudala. I-EEOC ihlola icala futhi ingazama ukudlulisa noma ukukhipha incwadi yesandla yecala. Izincwadi zakho zisebenza njengomsuka wecala, zinikeza izenzakalo ezithile umphengululi angaziqinisekisa. Imibiko eningi ngokucubungula, imibhalo yesikhathi esisodwa ithathwa ngokungathi sína futhi ixazululwe ngokushesha kakhulu. I-EOC’s [[FLT: 0]] ikhasi lobandlululo [] inikeza isiqondiso sendlela yokubhala amafayili nokuchaza okudingekayo.

Ukuhlangabezana Nesilinganiso Sokulinganiselwa

Ukucwaswa kweminyaka kufunwa ngaphansi kwe-ADEA kumelwe kubekwe nge-EEOC phakathi nezinsuku ezingu-180 zesenzo sokukhipha imvume (noma izinsuku ezingu-300 ezisezifundazweni ezinezikhundla ezisemthethweni zikahulumeni). Ukubhalwa kwezinsuku eziqondile kukusiza ukuba ungalahlekelwa isikhathi esimisiwe. Uma izenzakalo ziqhubeka, ungaba “nokwephulwa okuqhubekayo kwemfundiso” kodwa uthembele kuleyonto eyingozi. Umlando ocacile wesikhathi ngasinye esenzeka ngaso ukuvumela ukuba ubale ngokunembile ifasitela.

Ukusekela Isibonelo Noma Inqubo

Izenzakalo ezingezodwa zobandlululo lobudala ngezinye izikhathi zingathathwa njengezingabalulekile, kodwa indlela yokuziphatha kunzima kakhulu ukuyishaya indiva. Ukubhalwa kwezincwadi okubonisa izenzakalo eziningi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi − ikakhulukazi uma zihilela abenzi besinqumo abahlukene noma zithinta izisebenzi esezikhulile eziningi . Kusekela ngokuqinile ukuthatha noma ukuthatha inqubo ethile. Lokhu kungaholela emakhambini akhudlwana, kuhlanganise nezinguquko zenkampane nezijeziso.

Ukuzivikela Lapho Ubhala Amaphuzu

Ukubhala ubandlululo kuyisinyathelo esiqhubekayo, kodwa futhi kungadala izingozi uma kungasingathwa ngokucophelela.

Ukugwema Ukuphindisela

Ukuphindisela akuvunyelwe ngokomthetho, kodwa kwenzeka. Ukuze unciphise ingozi, ungaxoxi ngephepha lakho nezisebenzi osebenza nazo noma ubhale kulo nge-methodia. Uma ufuna ukuxoxa ngokwaziswa, yenza kanjalo kuphela nommeli wakho noma ummeli omethembayo oboshwe ngemfihlo. Gcina indlela yakho yokubhala ihlukile ezinhlelweni zomsebenzi nasemingeni yama-akhawunti. Uma ubuzwa ngezincwadi emhlanganweni, unelungelo lokuthula futhi uthintane nommeli.

Ukuqonda Ilungelo Elimangalisayo Le - Attorney

Uma uqasha ummeli, ukuxhumana kwakho nabo ngokuvamile kuvikelwa ilungelo eliyi-cloring. Nokho, uma uhlanganyela imvume yakho nabangane, amalungu omkhaya, noma osebenza nabo, lelolungelo lingase lincitshiswe. Buza ummeli wakho ngaphambi kokuba uhlanganyele iphepha lakho nonoma ubani ongaphandle kweqembu elingokomthetho.

Ukulondoloza Amakhophi Ngezindlela Eziningi

Amarekhodi emishini angacishwa, alahleke, noma onakaliswe. Sicela ubhale amakhophi uwagcine endaweni ephephile ekude nomsebenzi. Cabangela ukunikeza imvilophu evalwe enekhophi ethembekile noma ummeli. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ngisho noma amafayela akho okuqala ehlehlisiwe, ubufakazi busekhona.

Isiphetho: Ukunikezwa Amandla NgomBhalo

Ukucwasana ngeminyaka kuyinto ethinta umuntu ngamunye futhi ngokuvamile elimazayo, kodwa akuyona into okumelwe ubhekane nayo uwedwa noma ngaphandle kwecebo. Isenzo esivamile sokubhala zonke izenzakalo siguqula isikhalo esingabonakali sibe ithuluzi eliqinile, elinamandla. Sivikela amalungelo akho, silondoloza ubufakazi besenzo esingokomthetho, futhi sithumela umyalezo ocacile wokuthi ngeke uphathwe ngokungafanele ngenxa yobudala bakho.

Abaqashi abakwazisayo ukulunga nokufakwa kuyo kufanele bakhuthaze futhi impucuko lapho izisebenzi zizizwa zicwasana ngokuphepha lapho zibheka khona imibiko egciniwe njengendlela yokuthuthukisa, hhayi njengesikhali. Kuzisebenzi, ukuqondiswa kwezincwadi kungenisa isithunzi sakho siqu nomsebenzi. Kumphakathi, kuyinyathelo eliholela ekubeni izikhulu zemisebenzi ziyolandisa futhi ziqinisekise ukuthi inkathi ayisona isithiyo ekutholeni ithuba.

Uma ukholelwa ukuthi ubhekene nobandlululo lobudala, qala ubhale phansi usuku, amazwi, ofakazi, nemiphumela. Funa iseluleko somthetho. Futhi khumbula: umthetho usohlangothini lwakho, kodwa ubufakazi busezandleni zakho. Eminye imithombo, imithombo yemisebenzi AAARP neyase ye-P] yenzela abaqashwa nabaqashi.