Iziyalezo Ezikhulayo Zomuntu Ozimele Edolobheni Elihlakaniphile

Izimiso zokuphatha zasedolobheni manje zikha umgogodla osebenza emadolobheni anamuhla. Njengoba abaholi bakamasipala besebenzisa izinzwa ezihlangene, izinto ezisebenza ngokoqobo, nezakhiwo ezihlangene, umthamo wokwaziswa okugeleza phakathi kwezimiso zomuzi uye wakhula ngokulandelana. Lo kwaziswa kwenza ukuba ukwazi ukuthutha kwezimoto okuhlakaniphile, ukugcinwa okungalindelekile kwezinto ezisebenzayo, nokusabela ngokushesha. Nokho, iphuzu ngalinye lokwaziswa limelela futhi ukucatshangelwa komuntu siqu kanye nokungalondeka okungase kube khona. Abaphathi bedolobha, abathengisizobuchwepheshe, nezakhamuzi ngokufanayo kumelwe baqaphele ukuthi ulwazi lwezindaba nokulondeka akuzona izici ezingoko ezisemzingeni lokuzihambela kwezimiso zomgwaqo ze-&mdashdash; bayizimfuneko eziyisisekelo zokuthenjwa nokusebenza isikhathi eside.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwezakhiwo ezingokoqobo zokuhlakanipha kwe-minuber kusho ukuthi ukudilika akusaphazamisi izimiso zokwaziswa kuphela; kungaphazamisa izinkonzo ezingokomzimba ezixhomekile ezixhomeke ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Amaza amandla, imishini yokulungisa amanzi, nemishini yokuthutha yomphakathi konke kuxhomeke emapayipini okwaziswa, uma eyekethiwe, angabangela umonakalo obonakalayo. Lokhu kuphakamisa ukuphuthuma kokuzifihla nokusebenza kwezimiso zomthetho wasemadolobheni.

Ukuqonda Izimiso Zokuphatha Amadolobha

Izimiso zokuphatha zasedolobheni zihlanganisa uhide lwezobuchwepheshe obuxubile obuklanyelwe ukuhlola, ukuhlaziya, nokulawula idolobha. Lezi zimiso zihlanganisa izinzwa zendawo ezungezile ezilandela izinga lomoya namazinga omsindo, amakhamera ezimoto afaka umshini wokulawula izimpawu, amamitha ahlakaniphile aqondisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziwusizo, namapulatifomu okuphepha komphakathi axhumanisa abaphendula kuqala. Ulwazi olubangelwa yilezi zimiso lugeleza ngemibhoshongo ephakathi nezinjini ze-alytic, okwenza izikhulu zedolobha zenze izinqumo ezisekelwe kubufakazi ngesikhathi sangempela.

Imisebenzi esetshenziswayo ngokuphumelelayo lezimiso inganciphisa ukuminyana kwezimoto ngamaphesenti angu-25, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi ngamaphesenti angu-15, futhi ithuthukise ukusabela okuphuthumayo ngezikhathi ezingamaphesenti angu-20 noma ngaphezulu. Le ntuthuko isuka ekhonweni lokuhlela imifudlana emikhulu yemininingwane yendawo, ivideo isondla, futhi isebenza ngendlela ebanzi. Nokho ulwazi olufanayo oluhlanganisa isimiso sebhasi lungaveza futhi izindlela zohambo lomuntu siqu, nekhamera efanayo ebuka i-partling ingabamba ubuso obungakholeki ngaphandle kwemvume. Ukuqonda isimo sokusetshenziswa kokwaziswa kwasedolobheni kuyisiteji yokuqala eqondiswe ekuqondiseni okuphethe okune ngokomthetho.

Ingxenye eyinhloko yezimiso zokuphatha amadolobha zihlanganisa:

  • Izimiso zokuxhumana [ zibekwe ezindaweni zomphakathi ukuqoqa ukwaziswa kwendawo ezungezile, izimoto, nesisekelo sesisekelo.
  • Amaqoqo okwaziswa ahlelwe ngokwezigaba ahlanganisa futhi ahlela ukwaziswa okuvela emithonjeni eminingi.
  • [ Izindlela zokufunda nomshini [ ezidala ukuqonda nezinqumo ezizenzekelayo.
  • Imiboniso engaphandle ye-Public enjenge-apps ye-emouse nama-crackboard atshela izakhamuzi ukwaziswa.
  • Imishini yokuhlanganisa [ edlulisa ukwaziswa phakathi kwezisetshenziswa, izikhungo zokulawula, nezinkonzo zamafu.

Okwenza Ukuba Imininingwane Yabantu Ibaluleke Ezindaweni Ezisemadolobheni

Imininingwane yezobuchwepheshe ivikela abantu ukuba bangasebenzisi ukwaziswa kwabo ngendlela ababengahlosile noma ababengavumelani ngayo. Endaweni yasedolobheni, lesi simiso siba yinkimbinkimbi ngoba amadolobha aqoqa ukwaziswa komphakathi lapho amathemba angokwesiko ehlukile khona ezimweni zomuntu siqu. Umuntu ohamba emgwaqweni angase angalindele ukuba zonke izinyathelo ziminyaniswe, kodwa izinzwa ezihlakaniphile zasedolobheni zingalandelela ngendlela esheshayo.

Ubukhulu Bokwaziswa Okungacatshangelwa Emzini

Izimiso zokuphatha zasedolobheni ziqoqa njalo ukwaziswa okungaveza abantu ngabanye noma kwembule izimfanelo ezizwelayo. Ukwaziswa kwendawo kusetshenziswa imishini ehambayo, ukukhokhwa kwamarekhodi avela ezimisweni zokuthutha zomphakathi, imiklamo ye-ithilithi, kanye ne-teccocoding yonke yehlela ngaphansi kwesambulela sokwaziswa okubonakalayo (PII). Uma i-aggefe, la maphuzu okwaziswa angadweba imifanekiso eningi yomuntu i’ imisebenzi yansuku zonke, ukuxhumana nomphakathi, ngisho nesimo sempilo. Ngokwesibonelo, imitha ekwaziyo ukubhala indlela kagesi esetshenziswa ngokushelelayo lapho indlu iphapheme, uma ikhona, nalapho izakhamuzi zikhona.

Izingozi zokungavikeleki ngasese zihlanganisa:

  • Ukweba uphawu uma izikhombi ezingabantu njengamagama, amakheli, kanye nemininingwane yemali kudalulwa.
  • Ukuxhashazwa kwe-Surveillance lapho ukwaziswa okuqoqelwe izinjongo ezingokomthetho kubuye kuhlolwe ukugada noma ukuveza ngaphandle kokuqondisa.
  • Ukungavumelani[ uma izinqumo ze-algorithm ezisekelwe ekunqandeni ukwaziswa okungaphelele noma okuxekethile kwezindawo ezithile noma amaqembu enani labantu.
  • [[Umthetho:0] Izikhala zenkululeko [ uma abantu bezizwa bephoqelekile ukuba bashintshe ukuziphatha kwabo ngoba beyazi ukuthi bayalandelelwa.

Ukungafundi akuyona nje i-PRC; kuyindawo elindelekile yokwethenjwa kwesakhamuzi. Uma izakhamuzi zikholelwa ukuthi ukwaziswa kwazo kuyaxhashazwa, zingamelana nokuthatha izinyathelo ezihlakaniphile zamadolobha, zenqabe ukusebenzisa izinkonzo zobuchwepheshe, noma zinikeze ukwaziswa okunganembile. Lokhu kululaza yona kanye imigomo izimiso zokuphatha amadolobha eziklanyelwe ukufinyelela.

Izinselele Zokuphepha Ezimisweni Zokwaziswa Kwasemadolobheni

Izinselele zokugada amadolobha ezibhekene nezimiso zokulawula amadolobha zihlukile kulezo ezivamile ezisendaweni ezungezile i - IT. Izindawo ezisedolobheni ngokuvamile zihlanganisa izindawo ezinkulu ezisendaweni, zihlanganisa ifa lemishini ekwazi ukuphepha okulinganiselwe, futhi kumelwe zihlale zisebenza ubusuku nemini. Lezizici zibangela ukuhlasela okukhulu okungasetshenziswa izitha.

Imishini Evame Ukusongela

Usongo lwasedolobheni lusukela ekuhlaseleni kwe-fareware okuvela emathubeni kuya ekungeneni okuyinkimbinkimbi okubangelwa uhulumeni. Okunye kokusongela okucindezela kakhulu kuhlanganisa:

  • I-Ransware ifuna isisekelo esibucayi. Abahlaseli bafingqa ukwaziswa noma izimiso zokulawula futhi bafuna inkokhelo yokubuyisela umsebenzi. Izenzakalo zamuva nje ziye zaphoqelela amadolobha ukuba avale izintambo ze-IT, avale amahhovisi omphakathi, futhi izinkonzo zesikhashana zithathe amasonto amaningi.
  • I-data iveza ukwaziswa kwesakhamuzi okuzwelayo. Ukuqinisekisa okubuthakathaka, i-software engafuthiwe, nokugcinwa kwamafu okungahleleki kuvame ukufakwa kwabahlaseli.
  • Umuntu-ongaphakathi-i-miple ukuhlasela [ ezinhlanganweni zezinzwa ezingenazintambo ezivumela izitha ukuba zivimbe noma zishintshe ukwaziswa njengoba zihamba zisuka ezinzweni ziye ezimisweni eziphakathi.
  • [ usongo lwe-Internet oluvela kuzisebenzi noma kumakhampani asebenzisa kabi amalungelo awo okungena, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngamabomu noma ngokunganaki.
  • [[UMTL:0] Iqoqo leketanga elinamabhande elixubile uma ingxenye yesithathu yengxenye yensimbi noma i-software iqukethe izicathulo ezifihliwe noma amaphutha asetshenziswayo.

Imiphumela Yesimo Sokulondeka

Ithonya lokuhlasela okuphumelelayo kwesimiso sokuphatha amadolobha alikho nakancane ukulahleka kokwaziswa. Uma izimiso zokulawula izimoto zincishiswa, i-grid lockbock ingalikhubaza idolobha. Uma izitshalo zokwelapha ngamanzi zifa, impilo yomphakathi ingaba sengozini. Uma izinhlelo zokuxhumana eziphuthumayo ziphela, abantu bangalahleka. Lezi zimo azicacisi; ziye zenzeka emadolobheni amaningi emhlabeni wonke phakathi neminyaka eyishumi edlule.

Izindleko zemali nazo zibalulekile. Izindleko ezivamile zegebe lokwaziswa engxenyeni yomphakathi zingaphezu kwamaRandi ayizigidi ezingu - 1,2 lapho kufakwa inqubo yezehlakalo, izindleko ezingokomthetho, inhlawulo yokulawula, nomonakalo wedumela.

Izakhamuzi eziphelelwa ithemba ngedolobha lazo i - ’ ikhono lokuvikela ukwaziswa kwazo zingase zimelane nezindlela zobuchwepheshe zesikhathi esizayo, zibangele umjikelezo wokungavikeleki nokuchayeka okwengeziwe.

Ukukhuphula Indawo Ephakeme Elawulwayo

Ohulumeni kuwo wonke amazinga sebeqalile ukumisa izinqubo ezingokomthetho ezilawula imininingwane eyimfihlo nokulondeka ezimisweni zasemadolobheni.

Imithetho Eyinhloko Ethinta Ukwaziswa Kwasemadolobheni

  • Ngokujwayelekile i-data Protection Regation (GDPR) eYurophu imisa izimfuneko eziqinile zokuvumela, ukucutha ulwazi, nelungelo lokukhohlakala. Noma yiliphi idolobha elisebenzisa imininingwane ezakhamuzini ze-EU kumelwe livumelane, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi likuphi idolobha.
  • ICalifornia Consumer Infic Act (CCPA) nemithetho efanayo kahulumeni eUnited States inikeza izakhamuzi amalungelo okungena, ukucima, nokukhetha ukuthengiselwa kokwaziswa kwazo siqu.
  • Izimiso zobuchwepheshe ezicacisiwe njenge-HIPAA yemininingwane yempilo ne-FERPA yemfundo iyasebenza lapho izimiso zasemadolobheni ziqoqa ukwaziswa kuleyozindawo.
  • Isimiso sobuzwe se-inthanethi ye-inthanethi njengo-ISC e-United States nase BSI eJalimane inikeza izindinganiso zokuvikela isakhiwo esibucayi.

Ukuqamba akuwona umzamo wesikhathi esisodwa. Imithetho iguqula, futhi amadolobha kumelwe ahlale enezimfuneko ezishintshayo. Ukumisa ihhovisi lomuntu siqu elinikezelwe noma ukumisa isikhulu sokuvikela ulwazi kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukulalela okuqhubekayo futhi kusebenze njengephuzu lokulandisa ngezakhamuzi.

Imikhuba Engcono Kakhulu Yokufuna Imininingwane Nokulondeka

Ukusebenzisa izinyathelo eziphumelelayo zomuntu siqu nokulondeka kudinga indlela ehleliwe ehlanganisa ubuchwepheshe, isimiso, nempucuko.

Ukubhala Okuyimfihlo Kuyo Yonke Indlali

Data kufanele ibhalwe ngokufihlekile kokubili ekuthuthweni nase phumuleni. Lokhu kusho ukusebenzisa i-TLS 1. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinzwa, izisebenzisi, kanye no-crackboards, kanye nokufingqa imininingwane egciniwe nge AES-256 noma izinombolo ezifanayo. Inkinobho zokubhala kumele zisetshenziswe ngokungafani nemininingwane abayivikelayo, ngokufanele ngemoduli yengcina-nsimbi noma ngensizakalo yesihluthulelo. Ngisho noma abahlaseli bethola ukufihlwa kokwaziswa okuyimfihlo, abakwazi ukuyifunda ngaphandle kwenkinobho efanayo.

Ukungena Nesimiso Selungelo Lesilo

Akusiyo yonke izisebenzi zasedolobheni ezidinga ukufinyelela kuyo yonke imininingwane ebekwe. Ukulawula ukufinyelela okusekelwe endima kuvimbela ukufinyelela kokwaziswa kuphela kulabo abamisebenzi yabo idinga yona. Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-oval-facement kumele kube yisibopho kunoma yikuphi ukulandisa okungabheka imininingwane ezwelayo noma izimiso zohlelo. Ama-logi a-authomu kufanele abukezwe njalo ukuze kuqashelwe umsebenzi ongavamile, futhi ama-akhawunti kufanele asuswe ngokushesha uma izisebenzi zishintsha indima noma zishiya inhlangano.

Izincwadi Zokuphepha Ezihlala Njalo Nokuvivinywa Kwazo

Ukuphepha akusona isiyalo esimisiwe nesikhohlwayo. Amadolobha kufanele aqhube ama-spective andayo okungenani ngonyaka, ngokuhlola kaningi kakhulu izimiso ze-risk. Ukuhlola ukuhlasela kwezimiso eziphakeme, lapho abacuphi bezimiso zokuvikela, bangavumbulula izinto eziphuthelwa yimishini yokuhlola izimoto. Okutholwa kokuhlaziya kufanele kufunyaniswe ekuxazululeni isinqumo, futhi imizamo yokulungisa kufanele ibhalwe phansi ukuze kubukezwe kabusha.

Ukuphathwa Kwezakhamuzi Ngokubona Okucace Nokuvumelana Nezakhamuzi

Abaqondisi banelungelo lokwazi ukuthi ikuphi ukwaziswa okuqoqwayo, ukuthi kungani kuqoqwa, nokuthi kuzosetshenziswa kanjani. Amadolobha kufanele anyathelise izimemezelo ezicacile zemfihlo ezichaza imisebenzi yokwaziswa ngolimi olucacile, hhayi izikhombo ezingokomthetho. Izimiso zokuvala amasondo kufanele zibe zigcwele, zivumele izakhamuzi ukuba zikhethe ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kokwaziswa okuqondile ezisebenzisayo kunokukhipha ukukhetha kokuthatha imvundla. Amanye amadolobha amise izibhodi zendabuko zendabuko ukuze zinikeze ukufakwa kokwaziswa okuqhubekayo ezinqumisweni ezibusayo.

Ukuvumelana Nemithetho Nezindinganiso Eziyinkimbinkimbi

Ukuqamba ikhompathiswa kuqala ngokuhlela ngokucophelela yonke imininingwane egeleza phakathi kwesimiso sokuphatha amadolobha. Amadolobha kufanele aphawule ukuthi yiziphi izimiso ezisebenza ohlwini lokwaziswa ngalunye nendawo, bese kusetshenziswa iziqondiso ezihlangabezana noma ezidlula lezo zimfuneko. Ukuphenywa kwasikhathi sonke kungaqinisekisa ukuthi inqubo iyaqhubeka ihambisana nezibopho ezingokomthetho. Lapho imithetho ingacacile, amadolobha kufanele aphambuke ohlangothini lwesivikelo esikhulu nokukhanya.

Ukuhlela Ngokushesha Ukusabela

Ngisho nokuzivikela okungcono kakhulu akunakuqinisekisa ukuthi isenzakalo ngeke senzeke. Amadolobha adinga uhlelo olugciniwe lwempendulo oluchaza izindima, izinqubo zokuxhumana, nezinyathelo zobuchwepheshe ukuze athole ukululama. Icebo kufanele lihlolwe ngokuzivivinya nakabili ngonyaka. Ukubukeza kwangemva kwesifundo kufanele kuthathe izifundo futhi kuthuthukiswe ekulawuleni ukuvikela.

Izindlela Zobuchwepheshe Ezixubile Nezici Zazo Zokuthungatha

Ubuchwepheshe obusha buthembisa ukuthuthukisa indlela yokuphatha amadolobha kodwa futhi buveze izinto ezintsha eziyimfihlo nezinokuphepha. Abaholi bamadolobhe kumelwe bawahlole ngokucophelela lamathuluzi ngaphambi kokuba asetshenziswe.

Ukuhlakanipha Okuyenziwe Nokwenziwa Kwesinqumo Ngokuzenzekelayo

Izimiso ze-ai ezihlaziya i-vidiyo zondla, zibikezela ukuthi ubugebengu bunamachashaza ashisayo, noma ukulinganisela kahle imithombo yempahla kungathuthukisa kakhulu. Nokho, lezi zimiso zingaveza imiphumela eyingozi uma ziqeqeshelwe ukwaziswa okungamele kuboniswe, futhi zingasusa amathuba ezindaba ngokukwazi ukuqapha inqwaba yabantu. Amadolobha ahlala e-Al kufanele aphathe imiphumela yokuhlola ye-algorithm, aqinisekise ukuqondisa komuntu izinqumo ezibalulekile, futhi asakaze imibiko yokukhanya ngokusetshenziswa kwezimiso ze-Al.

Ukuvimbela Ubuqotho Bemininingwane

Ubuchwepheshe obusakazwayo be-leager bunganikeza amarekhodi avimbele ukuvikelwa kwemininingwane kanye nemvume. Ngokwesibonelo, isimiso esisekelwe ku-brestchain singavumela izakhamuzi ukuba zilandele kahle ukuthi ubani othole ukwaziswa kwazo nangayiphi injongo. Nakuba iziqobo zingaxazululi zonke izinkathazo zemfihlo, zingaqinisa ukulandisa nokugcinwa kwamalungiselelo okwaziswa ayinkimbinkimbi.

Isimiso sokusebenza semininingwane yendawo

Ukuhlela imininingwane ephethe i-—on imishini yasekhaya noma amasango esendaweni ephakathi kwamafu — kunganciphisa isilinganiso solwazi oluzwelayo okumelwe ludlule ezinhlanganweni. Ukuhlela futhi kuvumela izikhathi zokusabela ngokushesha ezisetshenziswayo ezibonisa isikhathi njengokulungiswa kwezimpawu zezimoto. Nokho, imishini ephethe ivame ukufinyelelwa ngokomzimba kubahlaseli futhi ingaba namandla okulungisa alinganiselwe okulawula ukuvikela, ngakho idinga ukumiswa okuqiniswe nokushintshwa njalo.

Indima Yezakhamuzi Ekubuseni Ngezobuchwepheshe

Izikhulu zedolobha nabathengisi bobuchwepheshe kuphela abanakukwazi ukufinyelela ulwazi oluyimfihlo oluphumelelayo. Izakhamuzi kumelwe zibe abahlanganyeli abakhuthele ekuqondiseni izimiso zokwaziswa zasedolobheni. Lokhu kuhlanganyela kungaba ngezindlela eziningi.

Ukuhlola umphakathi nemihlangano yehholo lasedolobheni kunikeza izakhamuzi izindawo zokukhuluma ngezinkinga nesimiso sokulawula imali. Izinqubo zokusetshenziswa kwemali zingavumela imiphakathi ukuba inqume ukuthi iqoqo lokwaziswa nemali ephambili yamadolobha kwabiwa kanjani. Izindlela zesayensi yezakhamuzi, lapho izakhamuzi zinikela khona ngokwaziswa kwazo emisebenzini yasedolobheni, zingakha ukuthembana futhi zibonise ukubaluleka kokwaziswa okuhlanganyelwayo lapho kwenziwa ngokucace.

Izinhlelo zokufunda nokubhala nazo zibalulekile. Lapho izakhamuzi ziqonda ukuthi ukwaziswa kwazo kusetshenziswa kanjani nokuthi zibekwe ziphi izivikelo, zisengozini kakhulu yokuhileleka ezinkonzweni ezihlakaniphile zasedolobheni futhi zibike imisebenzi esolekayo. Amadolobha kufanele afake imali emikhankasweni yemfundo echaza amalungelo okwaziswa, imikhuba engcono kakhulu, nendlela yokubhala izikhalo uma ukweqa izinto zomuntu siqu kwenzeka.

Isiphetho: Ukwakha Ukwethemba Ngobuphathi Bemininingwane Enokwethenjelwa

Izimiso zokuphatha amadolobha zingathuthukisa izinga lokuphila emadolobheni. Zinganciphisa ukuminyana, zonge imithombo, zithuthukise ukuphepha komphakathi, futhi zilawule ngokusabela okukhulu. Kodwa lezi nzuzo zixhomeke ekwazini ukuba nolwazi oluthenjiswe umphakathi kanye nokuthemba ukuthi luyophathwa ngokufanele.

Izindaba zokwaziswa zomuntu siqu nokulondeka akuzona izinto ezidinga ukuthunyelwa eminyangweni ye-IT. Ziyizinto ezidinga ukuhola abaqondisi bedolobha, ukuthembisana kwezakhamuzi, nokulandisa kobuchwepheshe. Amadolobha abeka indawo yokuqala yezindaba zomuntu siqu nokulondeka ayokwenza izakhamuzi zawo zimethembe, zikwazi ukuphishekela izinhlelo eziphambili zedolobha ngokuqiniseka.

Indlela engaphambili idinga isibopho sokuqhubeka intuthuko. Usongo luzoshintsha, ubuchwepheshe bushintshe, futhi izimiso ziyoqina. Amadolobha afaka imfihlo nokulondeka esikweni lawo lokuhlela ayoba ngcono kakhulu ukuba avumelane nenqubo yawo. Ngokuphatha ukwaziswa hhayi njengempahla okumelwe kukhishwe kodwa njengemali okumelwe igcinwe, izimiso zokuphatha amadolobha zinganikeza isithembiso sawo sokuba amadolobha ahlakaniphile, aphephile, anokulingana.