Usuku Lomthetho - sisekelo LweRaje Sabha

IRaje Sabba, noma uMkhandlu wase-United States, uthola igunya layo eSiphakamisweni 80 soMthetho-sisekelo waseNdiya, esiwumisa njengegumbi eliphezulu lePhalamende. Ngokungafani neLok Sabhaha, enamalungu akhethwe ngokuqondile abantu, uRaje Sabba amalungu akhethwe amalungu ezinhlangano zikahulumeni ezikhethiwe, namalungu akhethelwe ukumiswa kwemithetho yesizwe, nanedlanzana elinguMongameli ngenxa yobungcweti bawo ezincwadini, isayensi, ubuciko, noma inkonzo yezenhlalo. Lesimiso sokukhetha esingaqondile sinikeza iRajiya Sabba impa ubuntu obuhlukile: imelela izithakazelo zikahulumeni wamazwe kunokuba kufune ukuthuthukisa ngokushesha. Lo mkhuba kahulumeni ubaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yentuthuko yasemaphandleni, njengoba amazwe aphethe indawo enkulu kwezolimo, izwe, nangaphansi kwe-Socialma. I-Syahabian ikhonza njengesimiso se-goversebu

Ukuphila isikhathi eside koRajeya Sabba amalungu asemaphandleni — isikhathi seminyaka eyisithupha nengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yamalungu athatha umhlala-phantsi njalo eminyakeni emibili — kunikeza intuthuko yokuthi igama leLok Sabha elineminyaka emihlanu aliyihlanganisi. Lokhu kuqina kwenza iRajiya Sabbaha ikwazi ukuhileleka entuthukweni ende yasemaphandleni, njengokukhiqiza izakhiwo, izisekelo zemisebenzi yezemfundo yasemaphandleni, nenhlala ehlala kahle, ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwemijikelezo yezekhethelo. Amalungu akhula ngolwazi olujulile lwezindaba zasemaphandleni ngomsebenzi oqhubekayo nangempikiswano, okwenza iRajiya Sabba inqo inqola yolwazi lwezemfundo esemaphandleni ase-Indiya. Le nkumbulo yenhlangano ibaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni izimiso ezidinga ukunakekela okuqhubekayo, njengakulokhu kwe-Pradadman Yadkiakna (ukuhamba imigwaqo) noma ukulawulwa kwe-Graldnonmon Active Active, i-S, i-Arligin Active Actives, i-motion, i-motional

Indima Yomthetho Ekuthuthukeni Kwasemaphandleni

Ukubukeza Nokuthuthukiswa Kwezincwadi Zasemaphandleni

I-Rajiya Sabba's ayinhloko umsebenzi womthetho wokuhlola izindleko ezidluliswa yi-Lok Sabha. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukubukezwa kwasemaphandleni, lenqubo yokuhlola ayiyona nje into yokuphoqa. Lapho i-Lok Sabhaha idlulisa umthetho ohlobene nezolimo, izwe elinobutha, noma umsebenzi wasemaphandleni, iRajiya Sabba uhlola imibandela ngokuyifaka i-gash, ngokuvamile ithumela ekomitini elikhethayo ukuze ihlolwe ngokuningiliziwe. Ngokwesibonelo, i-[FLTP] Impumelelo yenterryNames nenterry (Intection ne-Foctive) Act, 2020[FLT] [FLT] [1] [iv.[20] [i-FLT] i-Adviced Reamston, futhi i-eviced Reance, i-evencessss, njengoba iphide kakhulu i-Arcanian.[10], i-ExPlance, kodwa i-Expount, i-Expou

IRaje Sabra futhi inawo amandla okusungula izikweleti, nakuba lokhu kungavamile. Nokho, ezindabeni ezibaluleke kakhulu zesizwe ezidinga ukuvumelana kwezwe, iRaje Sabba ivame ukuhola. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Falls neNkonzo yeSimemo (GST) Act, 2017 Act [2017] yaqala eRajanya Sabbaha ngenxa yokuthi yayidinga ukuvunyelwa kwemithetho-mthetho-mfasracray okudinga ukuvunyelwa kwemithetho yomthetho-mthetho yendlu yomthetho-mthetho. I-GST'ST' ithonya i-eNdiya yasemaphandleni — ikakhulukazi emithonjeni yezolimo yezolimo, abahwebo abancane emandis, nasemakheni asemaphandleni — kwaxoxwa kakhulu eRajanha, namalungu ezindaweni zasemaphandleni ngenxa yentela ezindaweni zasemaphandleni eziphansi zentela ezisemaphandleni.

Amakomiti Azinikele Ezezindaba Zasemaphandleni

I-Raje Sabra isebenzisa isimiso sekomiti esiqinile esinikeza ukuhlola okunganqamuki kwezindaba zokuthuthuka kwasemaphandleni. I-parliary Stavince Committee on Moral Development and Panchaita Raj iyikomiti ehlangene ehlanganisa amalungu akhona kuzo zombili izindlu, kodwa ukumelelwa kukaRagya Sabha kuqinisekisa ukuthi isilinganiso sikahulumeni silawula izinqumo zayo. Lekomiti ihlola imfuneko zemisebenzi yeNkonzo ye-Balbalbactic Development, ihlola izikwele ezibhekiswe kuyo, futhi ithatha izifundo ezingokwezimpikiswano ezinjengezindlu zasemaphandleni, ukuphuza amanzi, nenhlanzeko. Imibiko yayo, njengombiko ka-20222 wokuphumelela kwe-MahnGalpartwards, ihostlective, ihole iziqondiso zokusetshenziswa kweziqondiso eziphambili, kuhlanganise nokulungisa iziqondiso eziphambili, kuhlanganise nokulungisa ukuhlelwa komsebenzi.

Enye ikomiti ebaluleke kakhulu yi- i-Komiti emelela ukuzibulala kwabalimi nokushintsha kwesitshalo. I-Rajiya Sabha iphethe umbiko ngenani elikhulu lamalungu eRajiya Sabba ezwe lokulima. Le komiti iveze imibiko ephawulekayo ngokuzibulala kwabalimi, ukukhokha, ukuthenga izimali, nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu esivulekayo. I-201 umbiko nge- [[FLT]] Micro I-igration [, ngokwesibonelo, iholele ukwanda kwemali kusuka ku-5 000 crzolimore ku-5 000cro, izuzisa ngokuqondile abalimi abasemazweni esomiso. Le komiti imibiko, nakuba ingahlanganisi ukukhiqiniswa kweze, futhi ihoza ukuhlelwa kwezimiso zezombangazwe, noma ukuhlelwa kabusha kwezimiso zezombangazwe.

Ukumelelwa Kwezithakazelo Zasemaphandleni

Izakhiwo Ezizimele Nezasemaphandleni

Ukwakhiwa kweRajiya Sabbatan — okunokubaluleka kwabantu basemaphandleni — abanomfanekiso omkhulu eRajiya Sabbah ephakathi kwedolobhana. Izwe elifana ne-Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Odisha, iMadhya Pradesh, ne Rajasthan — owenziwe ngezindlela eziphawulekayo kubantu basemaphandleni — unesimo esiphawulekayo eRajiya Sabhaha esihlobene nezakhamuzi zabo eLok Sabbaha. Lokhu kuveza izimo zemvelo zezwelonke: kunikeza izigaba ezincane futhi labo abanegebengu zemali ezindaweni ezinamabhuza ezindaweni ezihlala khona. Isibonelo, uRajiyayahaha ilungu elivela eSikash Prashade noma eUtarancah angaphakamisa izimo zemali, noma ukuminza ezindaweni zasemaphandleni, noma ukushwa kwezindawo zasemaphandleni ngaphandle kokumiza ezindaweni zasemaphandleni, kungaphuzwa i-Lokabin. Inkulumo enkulu yasemaphandleni ilungiselelwe ukunikezwa kakhulu ngenxa yeminye yemi yasemaphandleni yasemaphandleni.

Amalungu aqanjiwe athuthukisa ukumelelwa kwalobu bubanzi. ISiphakamiso 80 soMthetho-sisekelo sivumela uMongameli ukuba anikeze amalungu angu-12 eRajeya Sabhaha ngenxa yobuchwepheshe bawo emasimini anjengezincwadi, isayensi, ubuciko, nenkonzo yezenhlalo. Ama-mineineine ahlobene kakhulu nama-Endiya asemaphandleni — izisebenzi zezenhlalakahle njengoSudha Murty (o owayegxile emfundweni wasemaphandleni nasemkhakheni wezempilo) nososayensi abafana noDkt. I-S. I-swathathan (uyise weNguquko yeGreenlandmentation) iye yasebenzisa izikhundla zayo ekusekeleni izimbangela izimbangela zasemaphandleni. Amalungu anezingasese, ubufakazi obusekelwe empeleni eziphambili eziphambili ezingokotshalweni zotshalweni zotshani. Iminikelo yawo ephambili ezinkonzweni ezindaweni zomphakathi, ezingokwenculinywa emaphandleni.

Ihora Lombuzo Nokulandisa Okuphethe

IRaje Sabra's Question Hour iyithuluzi elinamandla lokuqondisa amaphandle. Amalungu angabuza imibuzo ephikiswayo (impendulo ebhaliwe) kubefundisi nganoma isiphi isici sokukhula kwasemaphandleni. Lemibuzo ihlanganisa izihloko eziningi: isimo sokukhetha kwasemaphandleni ngaphansi kwe-Deendardyay Gram Jyotia, intuthuko yePradhan Awas Yahona (Gramin), ukusungulwa kwe-National Livelihoties Mission, nokuhlanganiswa kwe-Ayman Bharatcat ezindaweni zasemaphandleni. Izikhulu zenkonzo kumelwe ziphendule lemibuzo ekujuleni kwendlu, izibalo nezincazelo ezibanzi. Le nqubo ayihambisanga nje impumelelo yomphakathi kodwa iveza ukuchuma komphakathi, futhi ingenza ukuba izikhulu ze-Ayman Bharat ezindaweni zasemaphandleniyo ezisemaphandleniyo. I-20% yembulwe amanzi ezindaweni zasemaphandleni, i-mivini, i-Jvan, i-misss.

Ngalé kwemibuzo, i-Raje Sabra isebenzisa futhi izingxoxo ezimfutshane zokulungisa, izinqumo zamalungu azimele, nokudonsela ukunakekela ekugcizeleleni izimpikiswano zasemaphandleni. Isinqumo selungu elizimele esashukunyiswa yi-Rajiya Sabhaha ilungu ngo-20222 ngesidingo soMnyango Ohlukene Wabesifazane Basemaphandleni Owenziwe ngamandla aholela ekudalweni kwephiko elinikezelwe ngaphakathi kweNkonzo Yentuthuko egxile ekuzindleni kwabesifazane. Izenzo ezinjalo zibonisa indlela uRajiya Sabba, ngisho namalungu angewona asemaqenjini abusayo, angakha ngayo isimiso ngokuthembisa okuphikelela.

Ukugada Nokuhlola Izinhlelo Zasemaphandleni

Amakomiti Asephalamende Nokuhambela Kwensimu

I-Rajiya Sabra's umqondisi udlulela ngalé kwe-Delhi. Amakomiti ayo athatha njalo uhambo lokuhlola izindawo zasemaphandleni ukuze ahlole ukusetshenziswa kwezimiso eziphansi. Ngokwesibonelo, i- Commettee ku-Otical Language (okune-Rajigya Sabhakhakharn) evakashela izigodi zesizwe eJarka ne-Chahitingrah ukuze ahlole indlela izinto zokuthuthukisa amadolobha ezisakazwa ngayo ngemizwana yendawo. [[FLT] [FLTY:2] Commettee ngolimi lweSigames neShemitessss, izifundazwe ezigcwele imibiko, ifaka imibiko egcwele imibiko egcwele izihloko zezihloko zezihloko zezihloko zezihloko zezihloko zezihloko zezihloko zezihloko zezihloko eziphumayo. Izihloko ezingaphezulu zezihloko ezingaphezulu zemali eziphumayo. Izihloko eziphumayo eziphumayo eziphuma kaningi kakhulu, imibiko yezihloko zezihloko zezindaba eziphumayo.

IRajiya Sabra i-scutinise futhi imibiko yaminyaka yonke yezinhlangano zokuthuthukisa zasemaphandleni, izindikimba ezizimele, kanye nemisebenzi yomphakathi esebenza emaphandleni. I-National Bank for Agriculture and Elral Development (NALT), i-[FLT] i-[FLT] iNhlangano yezemfuyo yaseNdiya [[[[FLT]]] [FLT]] [i-FLT], kanye ne-[FLTY:4] i-Central Coalfields Limided [[[ [okuthinta] imiphakathi yezima) yonke ezindaweni zemigodi) ingenwa yimali futhi ithola imali engcono kakhulu, futhi ifuna ukulawulwa kwemali ezindaweni zasemaphandleni, futhi idla amapulane. Amazwe asemaphandleni asebenzisa inzuzo yasemaphandleni, futhi asebenzisa inzuzo yasemaphandleni, futhi akhona, izimali engcono.

Ukugxilisa Ukunakekela Emagebesini Okugcwalisa

Enye yezindlela zobungameli eziphumelela kakhulu iRajiya Sabhah' yi- Ukunikeza Ukunakekela Impumelelo , lapho amalungu engaphakamisa khona izindaba eziphuthumayo zomphakathi ngaphandle kwesaziso sangaphambili. Intuthuko yasemaphandle ivame ukubonakala ngezindlela ezinjalo: ukuwa kwebhuloho lasemaphandleni eBihar, ukufa kwezingane ngenxa yokungondleki kahle eMaharashtra, ukuhluleka kwesimiso sokusakaza umphakathi eRajapasthan. Lemiba ibangela ukunaka okusheshayo futhi iphoqe uhulumeni ukuba aphendule ngokushesha. Isibonelo, ukudlulisa ukunakekela ngo-201 ngokufa kwabasebenzi bemisebenzi bemithi ngenxa yokubulala izinambuzane ePunb yaholela ekubukezeni izwe lonke ukusetshenziswa kwemishoshoshoshoshosholo ephephile ngaphansi kwe-Actives Actives. I-Schay'igray's. I-Shay iveza ukuphumelela kwekhono lokuthuthukisa kwezentengo.

Izibonelo Eziqondile ZeRaje Sabha Ezithinta Intuthuko Yasemaphandleni

IMahatma Gandhi Izwe Elisebenza Ezindaweni Zasemaphandleni Liqinisekisa NgoMthetho (MGNREGA)

I-MGNREGA mhlawumbe iwumthetho obaluleke kakhulu wokuthuthukisa indawo yasemaphandleni eNdiya ngemva konyaka, inikeza isiqinisekiso esingokomthetho sezinsuku eziyikhulu zomsebenzi weholo emakhaya wonke amalungu awo amadala azinikele emsebenzini wezandla ezingenawo ubuchule. I-Rajiya Sabba wadlala indima ebalulekile ekulungiseni lo Mthetho. Lapho umthetho wasemaphandleni wamiswa ngo-2004, i-Rajiya Sabba's Sha's Committee ephethe intuthuko ebanzi ephethe izindlebe zohulumeni, izinhlangano zomphakathi, nezinhlangano zezezohwebo. I-Rajiya Sabhaha amalungu ezindaweni zesomisone njenge-Androm Pradesh ne-Japanthestan iqhuza ukufakwa kokulondoloza amanzi nesomisozomisozomiso evimbela isomisozwa phansi ngonyaka wonke. I-My-Gaday, i-Merce-Arce yaqala ukuncitshiswa kwemisebe, i-Mercence, i-mondroup.

UPradhan Mantri AwaseYojana – Gramin (PMAY-G)

I-PMAY-G, ehlose ukunikeza izindlu ze-pucca eziyisisekelo ezihlala kuwo wonke amakhaya asemaphandleni ngaphandle kwendlu, iye yabunjwa kakhulu yi-Rajaya Sabha umqondisi. Ngo-2017, iKomiti yeRajiya Sabba's on Moral Development yathola ukuthi izindleko zecebo le perfecument 761.20 lakh ezindaweni ezithe qekelele, iholela ekwakhiweni okungalinganiyo. Ikomiti yatusa ukuba ikhokhiswe izindleko zokuhlanganisa i-Libertion ye-Literal Labourbeurs. Uhulumeni wamukela lesi siphakamiso ngo-2018, ufaka izindleko zemali ezindaweni ezimnyama ezingu-61. Lakh 30 ezindaweni ezisemagqumeni nasezindaweni ezinzima. I-Rajinha yaqokomisa futhi izindleko ezikhokhwabayo emikhayeni yabesifazane ezingeniswe kakhulu, futhi ihoza inzuzo engcono kakhulu kwengu-2010.

U - Ayeshman Bharat – Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY) Ezindaweni Zasemaphandleni

Nakuba u-Ayushman Bharat ngokuyinhloko eyicebo lezempilo, ithonya lakhe lasemaphandleni beliyisoko lokunakekela kukaRajeya Sabha. I-Rajiya Sabba's Committee on Health and Family Welfare yahlola ukufinyelela kwecebo ezindaweni zasemaphandleni ngo-202020 futhi yathola ukuthi ngu-30% kuphela emizini yasemaphandleni efanelekayo ethole amakhadi ayo e-Ayyushman. Ikomiti yatusa ukwanda kwenqubo ye-impectal, ukusebenzisa izikhungo ezivamile zenkonzo zesizukulwane samakhadi, nokuhlangana nezimiso zempilo yesizwe zezempilo yasemaphandleni. Uhulumeni wasungula ukushayela ngokukhethekile ngo-201-2222 ukuya ekwandiseni kwasemaphandleni, okuphumela ekunyukeni kwamakhadi asemaphandleni. I-Syabhaka i-scrab ebonakalisa inzuzo ye-Nationalctivesworks produa amanani abonisa inzuzo ye-wabiogn.

Inzuzo eqhathaniswayo: Raje Sabha vs. Lok Sabha in Rurlican Development

I-Rajiya Sabba iwuhlobo olukhethekile kanye nobude besikhathi eside kunikeza izinzuzo ezihlukile kune-Lok Sabha ekuthuthukiseni amaphandle. Okokuqala, amalungu ayo awakhethwa ngokuqondile emizini yasemaphandleni, enciphisa ukucindezela kokukhipha isikhathi esifushane, u-'pulist' obonakalayo. Inzuzo ye-Rajiya Sabba Yabha ingagxila ezinguqulweni zenkathi yokwakha — njengasendaweni ebanzi yenguquko, ukudayisa imfucumfuno yezolimo, noma ukusekela kwemisebenzi yasemaphandleni emakhaya — ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuvuzwa kwe-evaledrobacter jov. Lenkululeko ivumela ukuboniswa kobufakazi obuqandlile, ukwenziwa kwezimiso ezisekelwe ezindaweni zezintaba. Okwesibili, i-Rajya Yahahah' isho ukuthi amalungu avame ukuhlelwa kwezimo ezihlukene kakhulu eziswe ngokwezindawo zasemaphandleni. I-Syahabhab exringlene, i-empele ye-om ezindaweni ezingaphandle zezintaba zezintaba zezintaba zezintaba zemvelo, i-ogcul.

Okwesithathu, indima kaRajiya Sabba evikela izithakazelo zikahulumeni ngaphansi kwesimiso sikahulumeni ivimbela ukukhula kwasemaphandleni. Amasu amaningi okuthuthukisa asemaphandleni — njengezwe Rashtsiya Krikashi Yakas [i-FLT] ne-Platting Squalies [Fold:] Prequels [FLTY:3] Pregments [FLTY:]] — afakwa ngezifundazwe, futhi iRajiya Sabraha iqinisekisa ukuthi uhulumeni ophakathi akangeneli e-I:%O. Le mali elinganayo ibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni izakhiwo zasemaphandleni, njengoba kungoko kungokomlando ngamunye, njengoba kuphawula ukuthi izinselele zayo eziyingqayizivele kuhulumeni ophakathi kwe-Delchin. Isibonelo, i-Rajinha izama ngokuphumelela ukuzama i-gatime ye-paljin, ukuhlanganisa zonke izigaba ze-ragargogogogogo, njengoba kuveza izibalo zomlando ukuthi izibalo zezwe ngalinye.

Nokho, iRaje Sabba ayinamingcele yayo. Ukukhetha kwayo okungaqondile kusho ukuthi amalungu angase angabi nomyalo oqondile emiphakathini yasemaphandleni, futhi abanye abagxeki baphikisa ngokuthi iRajiya Sabha isiye yaba indawo yokukhosela kwezombangazwe ezithathe umhlalaphansi, abantu abacebile, nabaqotho abangase bangabi nezimpande ezijulile emphakathini wasemaphandleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iRajiya Sabba ayinakukwazi ukukhokha izikweletu zemali (kuhlanganise nemali yaminyaka yonke), okulinganisela amandla ayo okuthonya ukuthuthuka kwezentenganiso yasemaphandleni ngokuqondile. Noma kunjalo, indima yayo ibhekisisa, ukuqondisa, nokumelela kwayo isebalulekile.

Izinselele Nendlela Engaphambili

Naphezu kweminikelo yayo, iRajiya Sabha ibhekene nezinselele ezinkulu ekufezeni ukuthuthuka kwayo kwasemaphandleni. Okokuqala, ukuphazamiseka kwenqubo yephalamende — ukuthatha imingcele njalo, ukuphuma, nokumemezana — kunciphise isikhathi esikhona sokuxoxa ngempikiswano engaphezulu kwe-centus mpikiswano yasemaphandleni. noma [FLT] i-[FLT] [FT] [FLT] [inxa2]] [inxanxanxanxa] [inxanxanxanxanxanxa], i-Rajiya Sabinca Yanca Yanca ilahlekelwe isikhathi esingaphezu kuka-50% yesikhathi sayo esihleliwe sokuphazamisa, ilinganisela kakhulu ikhono layo lokuxoxa [[FLT], i-Syrabgray ephakathi kwezindawo zezombangazwe zezombangazwe zesizwe. I-Symouvesssss) iklace ihlela izwi lesizwe esikade kakhulu imvume kakhulu yalabo abaholi abaholi abambalwa, isekela kakhulu kunabantu abampofu kakhulu kunabantu abampofu — iqoqo kakhulu kunabantu abampofu kakhulu kuna

Ukuqinisa indima kaRaje Sabba ethuthukisa amakhaya, izinguquko eziningana zifanele ukucatshangelwa. Esinye isiphakamiso siwukwandisa inani leRajeya Sabba amalungu avela ezifundeni ezinabantu abaningi basemaphandleni, kanjalo ukwandisa izwi lawo. Okunye kuwukugunyaza ukuba okungenani ingxenye yamakomiti eRajiya Sabba asebenzela ukuthuthuka kwasemaphandleni ahlanganise amalungu asemaphandleni anezimo eziphawulekayo zasemaphandleni. Isicelo sokunika iRapya Sabba indima engokomthetho ekuvumeni iziqondiso zentuthuko yenkonzo yasemaphandleni futhi anikeze umthetho, manje oweqamba ukuhlolwa kwephalamende. Ekugcineni, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-Punitscalyms nemihlangano eyinkimbinkimbi ye-Aunionstion Hour ne-mittery — ngokufaka ihlolo eqinile ekuhleleni amahora nezijelo ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwemidayo. Lenguquko lento iyakuthuthukisa ukuqondisa kwe-Rayya Sababha. Nakuba i-Sygabha isithembiso somthetho - tractivetive.

Isiphetho

IRajiya Sabba ithatha isikhundla esikhethekile nesibalulekile ephalamendeni laseNdiya, ikakhulukazi ekuthuthukiseni indawo yasemaphandleni. Umklamo wayo womthetho-sisekelo — ukukhetha okungaqondile, amagama aneminyaka eyisithupha, ukumelelwa kwezwe, nokubekwa kwezazi — ihlomisela ukuhileleka izinselele zasemaphandleni, indlela enengqondo, neyamandla. Ngemithetho, ikomiti, imibuzo, nokuqondisa okuthinta ukuphila kwamaNdiya asemaphandleni angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-90. I-Rajiya Shabba , i-MGNRE, PMAY, Ayuman, i-Bhatha, futhi inikeza ukuthuthukisa impumelelo kwezindlela zasemaphandleni, imithombo yezehlakalo, ingeye impumelelo engcono kakhulu, imithombo engcono kakhulu yezimiso zezindawo zasemaphandleni, inikeza impumelelo engcono kakhulu yesigaba sawongalo: ukuphumelela, ukulawula isigaba sokulawula, nokulawula nokulawula ukulawula kwemizwa kwemizwa nokuqondisa imfuyo. I-ReagrayFa. Ngezikhathi eziphambili zezingasese zezindawo ezisezinye zezinganye izifunda kakhulu, izifunda kakhulu, imithombo yezinga eliphansi kakhulu,