Lokho Okuyizincwadi Zezigaba Nesizathu Sokuba Zibe Nendaba

Ibhalwe ngo-1787 nango-178 ngu-Alexander Hamilton, uJames Madison, noJohn Jay ngaphansi kwegama eliyigama eliyigama elingu-"public Papers" iqoqo lezincwadi ezingu-85 ezaphikisa ukumiswa komthetho-sisekelo we-United States. Lezindaba zakhishwa ekuqaleni emaphephandabeni aseNew York ukuze zincenge umphakathi ongakholelwa ukuthi uhulumeni wezwe onamandla ubalulekile ukuze uqhubeke ukhona eRepublic. Kusukela ekubeni isakhiwo esiwumlando, amaPaper ahlala eyimithombo ebaluleke kakhulu yokuqonda injongo yokuqala yomthetho-sisekelo. Imibono yawo mayelana namandla, inkululeko, ukubusa nokubusa kuqhubekela ukuhlela izinkantolo, ukuphikisana kwezombangazwe, nokusebenza kwakho kwansuku zonke. Kungakhathiseki ukuthi ukhokha intela, isikole sakho, noma izinkonzo zesikole esisemkhankampane, noma eziqondisweni zezimiso zomphakathi ezisenzweni zezimiso zomphakathi.

Lesi sihloko silahla imiqondo eyisisekelo ye-Federalist Papers", umehluko, ukwahlukana kwemibuso, ukuhlola nokulinganisela, indima yoMthetho-sisekelo, kanye nesivikelo samalungelo omuntu ngamunye, futhi sichaza indlela ethinta ngayo ukuphila kwakho kwansuku zonke. Ekugcineni, uyobona ukuthi kungani ukuqonda lezizindaba esezingamakhulu eminyaka kukusiza ukuba ube umhlanganyeli onolwazi onzulu kakhulu ekubuseni kwethu umbuso wentando yeningi.

Izimiso Zokulwela Uhulumeni

Kuyona, ukuhlukanisa amandla phakathi kukahulumeni wezwe omkhulu nohulumeni besifundazwe. I-Federalist Papers yaphikisa ngokuthi leli lungiselelo, kunokuba linciphise isizwe, lingaliqinisa ngempela ngokuvimbela noma yiliphi izinga likahulumeni ekutholeni igunya eliningi kakhulu. UJames Madison, ku u-Fedalist No. [45, labhala ukuthi imibuso ephathiswe uhulumeni wombuso “yayiyiwusikwehluleka futhi ichazwe, kanti leyo eshiyelwe ezifunda amazwe yayingu-“ ingunombolo nengasoze yagugadla.” Le ngxenye ihlela cishe zonke izici zokuphila kwakho kwansuku zonke, ngokuvamile ngaphandle kokuziqaphela kwakho.

Indlela Imisebenzi Yokubambisana Ekuphileni Kwakho Kwansuku Zonke

Imfundo: Lapho ushiya izingane zakho esikoleni somphakathi, uzwana nombuso usebenza. Uhulumeni unikeza iziqondiso ezisekelayo neziqondiso ezibanzi (njengesivikelo samalungelo ezakhamuzi nezindinganiso ezifana ne-Everses Reduevered Act), kodwa izifunda kanye nezifunda zendawo zilawula iziyalezo, iziteshi, izinqubo zemali, nezinqumo eziningi ezisebenzayo. Lokhu kungenza ukuba imfundo nezidingo zesizwe zihlukahluke kakhulu ngokwezwe.

Ukuthutha: Ukuhamba kwakho ekuseni kuhilela imigwaqo enakekelwa yiziphathimandla zikahulumeni, zikahulumeni, nombuso, nendawo. Isimiso semigwaqo emikhulu sixhaswe ngokuyinhloko uhulumeni wezwe ngentela yegesi, kodwa iminyango yezokuhamba iyakwazi ukwakhiwa nokunakekelwa, kuyilapho ohulumeni bendawo bephatha imigwaqo yasedolobheni nezimpawu zezimoto. Umbono wesimiso sokubambisana kodwa esahlukene ukhona kuyo yonke indlela ohamba ngayo.

Ukuvikela kobuPublic Ukhuseleko: Isivikelo samaphoyisa, iminyango yomlilo, nezinkonzo zezokwelapha ziyimisebenzi emikhulu kakhulu yendawo. Nokho, uhulumeni unikeza imithombo ngezinhlangano ezinjenge-Department of Homeland Security ne Federal Emergency Management Agency Agency (FEMA). Esimweni esibucayi [1] Njengenhlekelele yemvelo noma usongo lwamaphekula, uhulumeni nohulumeni abahlangene, kanye njengesibonelo sikahulumeni esicatshangelwayo.

Ukwengamela:[[FLT: 1] Izinhlelo ezifana ne-Medicaid ziyisibonelo esiyinhloko sobuzwe obubambisanayo. Uhulumeni wezwe ubeka izindinganiso ezilinganiselwe futhi unikeza ingxenye enkulu yezimali, kodwa unikeza uhlelo phakathi kweziqondiso ezibanzi zikahulumeni. Yingakho imithetho nenzuzo ehlukene ukusuka kwesinye isifundazwe kuya kwesinye. Phakathi nesifo se-COVID-19, uhulumeni wawubukwa ngokugcwele njengoba izifunda zikahulumeni zimisa iziyalezo zazo zempilo yomphakathi ngesikhathi uhulumeni usakaza imijovolo nemali elungiselelwe.

Ukuqonda uhulumeni kukusiza ukuba uqaphele ukuthi kungani ezinye izindaba zenza kube ngokomthetho ukugunyazwa kwensangu, imithetho yomshado, nokufakwa kwemisebenzi − i-vary ngumbuso. Ichaza futhi ukungezwani kwezombangazwe phakathi “kwamalungelo ezwe” negunya likahulumeni eliqhubeka lilawula izimpikiswano zesizwe.

Funda okwengeziwe ngesimiso sikahulumeni ku- Izinqolobane zesizwe.

Amasheke Nokulinganisela: Isimiso Esivimbela Ukumelana Nezikhundla

Enye yezici ezidume kakhulu kuMthetho-sisekelo yisimiso sokuhlola nokulinganisela, okuchazwa yi-Federalist Papers ngokuningiliziwe. Ngaphansi kwalesi simiso, ngalinye lamagatsha amathathu kahulumeni(-legislative, isikhulu, neyahlulelo (ikhono lokulinganisela amandla ombuso wamanye amabili). Lokhu kuvimbela noma iliphi igatsha elilodwa ekulawuleni. [FEDERALIst] No. 51, ebhalwe nguJames Madison, edumile ukuthi “isikhundla kumelwe siwenziwe ukulwa kwesikhundla." Ngokusebenza, lokhu kusho ukuthi uMongameli ungayidluliswa imithetho i-Congressting; futhi ungingress angakhipha imithetho efinyelela ku-denderation; iMithelist Courtment; iMithelitual Constitual; iyavuma noma i-Pricient; inqual Concion; inqutution; iyavuma, futhi ingundamation; imisa uPrest Priciest.

Imiphumela Yangempela Yomhlaba Yamasheke Nokulinganisela

Ukwenza umthetho: Wonke umthetho owulalelayo / kusukela kuhholo elincane ukuya kwizimiso zendawo ezungezile."Indlu neSigele kumele kuvumele kokubili izikwele ezifanayo, uMongameli kumelwe asayine noma angabi naluzwela, futhi kamuva izinkantolo zingashaya amalungiselelo atholayo angathathi mithetho. Lenqubo enzima ithatha impoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuvumelana okubanzi nokwenza ngokucophelela. Kusho ukuthi imithetho ephikisanayo ivame ukumpontshelwa phansi, kodwa futhi ushintsho olukhulu lusho ukuthi i-Affordhat Care Act noma Act of Angreement Act ." lungawayiyo ngokuphelele.

Pressidential Power: Lapho uMongameli ekhipha iziyalo eziphethe, bangaphansi kwezinselele zomthetho. INkantolo Ephakeme ingavala iziyalezo ezidlula igunya lomthetho-sisekelo, futhi iSishaya-mthetho inganciphisa ukuxhaswa kwezimali zezindlela zokuqondisa iziphathi. Izimpikiswano zamuva ngenqubo yokufuduka, iziqondiso zendawo ezungezile, kanye nokulondeka kwesizwe konke kuye kwahilela ukuhlola kanye nohlelo lokulinganisela. Ngokwesibonelo, iziyalezo zezikhulu zokufuduka ziye zabekelwa inseleleka ngokuphindaphindiwe ezinkantolo zikahulumeni, zibonisa indlela amagatsha ezokwahlulela ahlola ngayo isikhulu.

Inqubo yokumisa amajaji eNkantolo ePhakeme namajaji kahulumeni aphansi ngokwayo iyisibonakaliso sokuhlola nokulinganisela. UMongameli uveza, iluleko nemvume, futhi lapho eseqinisekisiwe, abahluleli bakhonza ukuphila (ongaphansi kokungagunyazi). Lokhu kusho ukuthi umongameli oyedwa angabumba iJudicariary amashumi amaningi eminyaka, kodwa kuphela ngokubambisana kweSishayamthetho. Igatsha eliphambili libonisa indlela igatsha ngalinye elisebenzisa ngayo amandla alo ukuthonya abanye eminyakeni yamuva.

Indlu ingahloba umongameli, isekela likamongameli, noma umahluleli kahulumeni “obugebengu obukhulu namaphutha,” neSigele siqunga icala. Lokhu kuyinhlolo - luhlolo yokugcina emandleni omphathi nokwahlulela. Isetshenziswe izikhathi ezimbalwa kuphela emlandweni wase-U.S. kodwa ukuziphatha okungase kuvele. Imithetho emelene nomongameli uBill Clinton, u-Andrew Johnson, no-Donald Trump ibonisa indlela lenqubo esebenza ngayo ukuze ikhiphe icala legatsha lezikhulu.

Ekuphileni kwakho kwansuku zonke, ukuhlolwa nokulinganiswa kwesimiso kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinguquko ezisheshayo, ezingaqondakali zingavamile futhi imithetho kumelwe iqhubeke ihlola. Lokhu kuqina kuvikela amalungelo akho futhi kunikeza ukubikezelwa, okungaholela ekuvuselelweni lapho amagatsha elawulwa amaqembu ahlukene.

Hlola kakhulu ngokuhlola nokulinganisela e umthetho-sisekelo wezwe [.

Indima YoMthetho - sisekelo: Umsebenzi Oyisisekelo Wamalungelo Nokuhlala Uqinile

I-Federalist Papers yaphikisa ngokuthi uMthetho-sisekelo wawuklanyelwe ukwakha uhulumeni ozinzile nophumelelayo ozovikela amalungelo abantu kangcono kunezihloko ezibuthakathaka ze-Confederation. Lezi zindaba zigcizelela ukuthi uMthetho-sisekelo uyisimiso esiphilayo, hhayi incwadi yokulawula eningiliziwe. Inikeza uhulumeni amandla athile adwetshwe ngokulandelana kwawo wonke amanye amandla kodwa egcinela imibuso noma abantu. Lo hlelo .[1] Lolu hlelo oluhlangene neBill of Rights, elanezelwa ngokushesha ngemva kokumiswa kwenkululeko esemthethweni ozijabulela nsuku zonke.

Indlela Umthetho - sisekelo Ovikela Ngayo Inkululeko Yakho Yansuku Zonke

Inkululeko yokukhuluma noPress: ISichibiyelo Sokuqala, esakhula ezimpikiswaneni zeFederalist ne Anti-Fedalist, siqinisekisa ilungelo lakho lokukhuluma ingqondo yakho, ukugxeka uhulumeni, kanye nokwaziswa okutholakalayo. Lokhu kuvikela kuthinta yonke into kusukela ekuthumeleni imithombo yezokuxhumana yezenhlalo ukubhalela umhleli incwadi. Ngaphandle kwayo, ukucusumbula kungaqeda ukuphikisana nomngcele wempikiswano yomphakathi. I-Federalist Papers ngokwayo yaphikisa ukuthi umshini wezindaba okhululekile wawubalulekile ekubekeni isibopho sokulandisa kohulumeni.

Esokudla ukuphatha Izikhali: Isichibiyeli sesibili siye saba sisekelo sempikiswano yanamuhla ngokuphathelene nokulawulwa kwezibhamu. I-Federalist Papers ayizange ixoxe ngayo ngokuqondile (iSigqibo samalungelo esizwe safika kamuva), kodwa yasekela umqondo wenhlangano elawulwa kahle kanye nelungelo labantu lokugcina izikhali. Incazelo yeNkantolo Ephakeme yeSibili esiGuqulweni seSimemezelwe ezimweni ezifana i-Dishbource of Columbia v. Heller (2008]) idweba i-mthetho-mthetho obekwe ngaphandle kwezincwadi zohlelo.

I-Duemorial Programme and Criminal Justice: ISikhawu sesine, sesihlanu, neseSihlanu Izichibiyelo zokukuvikela ekuphenyeni okungacabangeli, ukuncintisana, nokuqinisekisa ukuqulwa ngokulunga. Uma amaphoyisa edinga isiqinisekiso sokuhlola ikhaya lakho, uma unelungelo kummeli, noma uma ungathula, uzuza ezivikelini zomthetho ezisiza ekusungulweni. Lezizivikelo zisebenza ekusebenzelaneni kwakho nomthetho, isimiso senkantolo, nezinhlangano zikahulumeni.

Ipropety Rights: UMthetho-sisekelo uvimbela uhulumeni ukuba athathe impahla yakho ngaphandle kokukhokhwa (Isichibiyeli Sesihlanu Sithatha UClaus). Lokhu kuthinta indawo edumile, imithetho yokuhlela, nentela yempahla. I-Federalist Papers yazisa impahla yomuntu siqu njengesivikelo senkululeko, futhi lesimiso sihlala siyinsika yomthetho waseMelika.

UMthetho - sisekelo umisa nemithetho yokukhetha, yokubala, nokudluliselwa kukahulumeni (h_onke athinta ikhono lakho lokuvota, indlela umphakathi wakho omelelwa ngayo, nendlela imithombo kahulumeni esakazwa ngayo.

Funda umbhalo ophelele womthetho-sisekelo kanye nezinguquko zawo e Iqoqo loMkhandlu [.

Ukuhlukana Kwezikhundla: Isizathu Sokuba Amagatsha Ahlukene Enze Izinto Ezihlukile

Okuhlobene kakhulu nokuhlola nokulinganisela yisimiso sokuhlukanisa imibuso. I-Federalist Papers yavikela ukuhlukaniswa kwegunya likahulumeni ngamagatsha amathathu ahlukene: i-bidamaral Congress eyenza imithetho, uMongameli oyenza iqine, nejaji eliyichazayo. Ababhali baphikisa ngokuthi lokhu kwahlukana kungavimbela ukufakwa kwamandla aholela ekubushiqelani kwemibuso yenkosi futhi kwezinye izifunda ezingaphansi kweZiphakamiso zeNkathilo. FEDédalist No. [4 FLT:1], okubhalwe ngu-Mademidemian, ocashunwe ukuthi “ayikho impikiswano kaMontesquieucrain lapho ingekho khona inkululeko ehlangene nemibuso yezempatho ehlangene. [[FLT: 0]

Indlela Ukuhlukana Ngamandla Okukuthinta Ngayo Ukuphila Kwakho Kwansuku Zonke

[ Intela Yenu:[ UKhongolo lumisa imithetho yentela, uMongameli uqondisa i-IRS ukuba iqoqe, futhi izinkantolo zixazulule izimpikiswano ngentela. Uma uMkhandlu ufuna ukuphakamisa izintela zakho, kumelwe ubeke imingcele; uMongameli akakwazi ukushintsha intela. Izinkantolo zingavimba izindlela ezingekho emthethweni zokuqoqa intela. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinguquko ezinyathelweni zakho zentela zidingidwa ngamabomu futhi zidingiswa obala.

Izindawo zobuzwe nezokhuseleko: amanxusa e-Federal njenge-Evironmental Protection Agency (EPA) ne-Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ayingxenye yegatsha eliphethe, kodwa angasebenza kuphela phakathi kwegunya elinikezwa yiSishaya-Rhulumente. Izinkantolo zengamela ukuthi lezi zikhungo zedlula yini iziyalezo zazo ze-somthetho `umqondo owaziwa njengomthetho wokulawula. Lokhu kuthinta ukuphepha kwamanzi akho okuphuzwayo, izinga lokudla kwakho, nomoya ophefumulayo.

Security and Medicare: ISishaya-mthetho sasungula lezinhlelo, ukuphatha kukaMongameli kuyayiqhuba, futhi izinkantolo zisingatha izimpikiswano ngezinzuzo. Ufaka izinzuzo nge-Social Security Administration (igatsha elinqamuleyo), kodwa imithetho eqinile ibekwa ngomthetho (i-Cervinet), futhi uma uphiwe, unganxusa kumahluleli womthetho wezomthetho futhi ekugcineni enkantolo yezwe.

Isimiso sokuhlanganisa: i-Congress imisa izilinganiso zokufuduka nemithetho, uMongameli ulawula ukumiswa kwemvume nokugcinwa komngcele, futhi izinkantolo zibukeza amacala okudingiswa kanye nezinketho zokukhosela. Lokhu kuhlukanisa kusho ukuthi isimiso sokufuduka akuvamile ukuba sibe ezandleni zegatsha elilodwa, okuholela ekuxakekeni nasekusheshisweni okuthinta ngokuqondile izigidi zabantu.

Uma uqonda ukwahlukana kwemibuso kukusiza ukuba uqaphele ukuthi iliphi izinga likahulumeni ongathintana nalo uma unenkinga. Uma ungavumelani nomthetho, cela ummeleli wakho. Uma ungavumelani nesinqumo senxusa lezempathiswa, ungamangalela enkantolo. Uma ucabanga ukuthi umthetho awuvumelani nemithetho, ungawubekela inselele ijaji.

Ithonya Ebuthweni Lanamuhla: Ukusuka Ebuthweni Lasemkhathini Kuya Ebuningini Bezindaba

Imibono evela kumaFederalist Paper ayiqinisiwe emlandweni; iphila cishe zonke izingxenye ze-athom yanamuhla. Izinkantolo zivame ukucaphuna [ umlawuli we-Federal lapho kuchazwa uMthetho-sisekelo, futhi abenzi bomthetho bafaka izimiso zabo lapho bexoxa ngomthetho. Ukuqonda lezi zincwadi kukusiza ukuba ulandele izimpikiswano zezombangazwe zamanje futhi uqonde ukuthi kungani uhulumeni we-U.S. usebenza ngendlela ewenza ngayo.

Igunya Likahulumeni Ekhulwini Lama - 21

Ukungezwani phakathi kwegunya likahulumeni nombuso kuye kwakhula kusukela kuma-1780. INkantolo Ephakeme, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, yandisa amandla kahulumeni ngaphansi kwe-Chommerce Claus, ivumela uhulumeni wezwe ukuba alawule izindawo eziningi ezaziwumbuso kuphela, njengokuhwebelana, umthetho wezisebenzi, nesivikelo sendawo ezungezile. Kodwa, emashumini eminyaka amuva, iNkantolo iphinde yabeka imingcele egunya likahulumeni emacala anjengaye United States v. Lopez (1995] ne [FLT] [F:] FIB] ne-NC].[FLY][FLD[FLT] v[F3].[202]

  • Ukuphatha: Umthetho womuntu ngamunye we-Afford Care Act wasekelwa njengentela, kodwa umthetho uhlanganisa futhi ukuhlanganiswa kwezindinganiso zikahulumeni kanye nemishuwalense ehlangene nombuso.
  • Imfundo: Isikole sengane yakho silawulwa ngokuyinhloko yizimiso zikahulumeni nezendawo, kodwa imithetho yamalungelo esizwe kahulumeni inqabela ukucwaswa nezinhlelo zemali kahulumeni njengeSihloko Ngisekela izikole ezithola imali ephansi.
  • Ukuvota Amalungelo: Izwe limisa imithetho yokukhetha (i-ID, izikhathi zokubhalisa, amahora okuvota), kodwa imithetho kahulumeni enjenge-Voting Rights Act ne National Voter Revision Act imisa izimfuneko zokuvimbela ukucwasa nokufinyelela kwandisa.
  • I-Pign : Naphezu kokunqatshelwa kukahulumeni kwensangu, izifundazwe eziningi ziye zayibhalisa ngokomthetho ukuze isetshenziswe kwezokwelapha noma ekuzijabuliseni, zidala uhlelo oluqinile lwemithetho oluthinta abathengi, amabhizinisi, nokugcinwa komthetho.

Ukubukezwa Kokwahlulela Namandla Enkantolo

Nakuba ingashiwonga ngokuqondile kuMthetho-sisekelo, amandla okuhlola kokwahlulela, “‘ amandla ezinkantolo okushaya imithetho ephula uMthetho-sisekelo . u-Foleralist No., abhalwa ngu-Alexander Hamilton, aphikisa ukuthi izinkantolo ziyoba yisivikelo sokuvinjelwa kwemithetho engekho emthethweni. Leligunya kamuva lamiswa Marbury v. Madyne [18] [18,3]. Namuhla, ukubukeza ukuphila kwakho kuthinta isikhathi ngasinye lapho inkantolo ivimbela umthetho noma isenzo sokuphatha. Izibonelo zamuva zihlanganisa ukunqandwa kokuphuma kwemithetho. Imithetho yokukhishwa kwezindawo, ukukhishwa kwezisu, imithetho yakho, nezimiso zokuvikela indawo ezungezile. Izimiso zomthetho womthetho womthetho womthetho wokulawula.

Amalungelo Abantu Ngabodwa Enkathini Yokusetshenziswa Kwamanani

Ama-Federalist Paper abhalwa ngaphambi kwe-inthanethi, ukuhlola kweze-mini, noma imithombo yezokuxhumana. Nokho izimiso ababezisekela − uhulumeni olinganiselwe, ukwahlukana kwemibuso, nokuvikelwa kwenkululeko yomuntu ngamunye (_kubaluleke kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili. Izinkantolo zisebenzisa iSichibiyelo sesine (ngokumelene nokuphenya okungenangqondo) emininingwaneni yobuchwepheshe, nasemithethweni ye-Congress mayelana nemfihlo, ukufinyela, nokulandisa ngemithetho yeze-althsure. Ukuhlukaniswa kwegatsha eliphethe kuqinisekisa ukuthi igatsha elingenakuvala imininingwane yakho siqu ngaphandle kwegunya negunya lokwahlulela. Ilungelo lakho lokukhuluma ngenkululeko kuwe-injini lilolonga ngentethelelo yokuqala yeSiphetho somthetho we-Federalist.

Lezi zinselele zanamuhla zibonisa ukuthi umbono kaPublius awuyona into eyisidala kodwa uwuhlelo olunamandla oluzivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha kuyilapho ugxilile ekuklanyweni kwalo okuyisisekelo.

Ukuhlanganyela Kweqembu: Ukusebenzisa Ukuqonda Kwakho Ukuze Uthole Amandla

Ukwazi izimiso ze-Federalist Papers kuguqula wena kusukela kumuntu ongenzi lutho othathwe nguhulumeni ube umhlanganyeli okhuthele ekubuseni kwethu ngentando yeningi. Uma uqonda indlela uhulumeni ohlukanisa ngayo amandla, uyazi ukuthi yiliphi izinga likahulumeni ozothatha indinganiso yezinguquko ozifunayo. Uma uqonda ukuhlola nezilinganiso, ungalandela ukuthi kungani umthetho usiba umthetho (noma kungani ufa ekomitini). Uma uqonda indima ye-jadicaricary, ungasekela noma ubekela inselele izinqumo zenkantolo ezisekelwe ekuqondeni kwazo komthetho-mthetho.

Nazi izindlela ezimbalwa eziwusizo ongalusebenzisa ngazo lolu lwazi:

  • Ukwazisa ngokuqonda: Abathathi abakhuluma “ngamalungelo esizwe” noma“iqhawe eliphethe” bacela ubuzwe. Ukuqonda izikhundla zabo kukusiza ukuba ukhethe ngokwezici ezingokoqobo zenqubo.
  • Hlanganisa nohulumeni wakho: Xhumana namalungu akho oMkhandlu, hamba emahholo edolobha, futhi ufakazele emacaleni emithetho kahulumeni. Izwi lakho lingathonya izinqumo zemfundo, ezokwelapha, kanye nokuphepha komphakathi.
  • I-part noma umelana nama-mine okwahlulela: Inqubo yokuqinisekisa i-cheke kanye nokulinganisela /izikhokhi zakho zikumelela. Batshele ukuthi uthanda abahluleli abanjani.
  • [[FOLT:0] Senelisa amalungelo akho: Uma ukholelwa ukuthi umthetho uphula uMthetho-sisekelo, cabangela ukusebenza namaqembu afundisayo noma ukusekela izinselele zomthetho. Amaphaphu e-Federalist nawo abhalelwe ukukholisa izakhamuzi ezivamile ukuba zisekele isimiso esivikela lawomalungelo.

Isiphetho: Ifa Eliphilayo Lamaphepha Abahleli

AmaFederalist Paper awayona nje incwadi engokomlando; ayipulani kahulumeni olinganisela amandla, ovikela inkululeko, futhi onikeza ukuzinza. Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho uzuza emfundweni yesikole somphakathi, ushayela umgwaqo omkhulu oxhaswe uhulumeni, udlulisa isinqumo esingokomthetho, noma usebenzise ilungelo lakho lokukhuluma ngokukhululekile, uphila phakathi kwesimiso esiklanywe uHamilton, uMadison, noJay. Ngokuqonda imicabango eyisisekelo yenkululeko, ukuhlukana kwamandla, imishini nomthetho wezwe, uzuza ikhono lokuqondisa nokuthonya lesosimiso. Izincwadi zingase zibe zinde emakhulwini amabili eminyaka, kodwa izinga lazo alikaze libe likhulu. Njengoba uhamba cishe ukuphila kwakho kwansuku zonke, ukhumbula ukuthi umthetho awulona nje imvume yakho, imvume, nemithwalo yakho yenkululeko, nemithwalo yakho yemfanelo.

Ukuze ufunde okwengeziwe, hlola iqoqo eligcwele lamaPhepha e-[Federal:0] i-Literary of Congress Federalist Papers . Ukuze ubone ukuthi izimiso zisebenza kanjani emacaleni amanje eNkantolo Ephakeme, vakashelani ingosi yeNkantolo yaseNkantolo ePhakeme. ePhakeme U.S.]