UKUHLANGANISA i-cobic kwakha itshe eliyinhloko lokubusa kwentando yeningi, okwenza izakhamuzi zikwazi ukubumba izinqubo nezinqumo ezibusa ukuphila kwazo kwansuku zonke. Kuhulumeni wentando yeningi wanamuhla, impilo yenkulumo yasobala ithonya ngokuqondile izinga lokumelelwa, ukulandisa, nokubambisana komphakathi. Lesi sihloko sihlola ubuhlobo obuhlukahlukene phakathi kokuhlanganyela kwezakhamuzi nenkulumo yasobala, ukuhlola indlela izakhamuzi eziqinisa ngayo izinhlangano zentando yeningi, izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuhlanganyela ezithatha, kanye nezinselele eziphikelelayo ezilulaza isibopho esisebenzayo. Ngokuqonda lamandla, imiphakathi nabenzi bezimiso zomphakathi kungathuthukisa ukuthatha indawo eyodwa, engokongasese, nempucuko eqinile yentando yeningi.

Izisekelo Zokuhlanganyela Kwento Efanayo

Ingxenye ye-COBIC ibhekisela ekuhilelekeni okunamandla kwabantu ezinqubweni zezombangazwe, zezenhlalo, zomphakathi ezithinta imiphakathi yabo. Ayigcini ekuvoteni kodwa ihlanganisa imisebenzi eminingi izakhamuzi ezizwakalisa ngayo izithakazelo zazo, zibeke abaholi icala, futhi zinikele ebuhleni obufanayo. Umqondo usekelwe empendeni engokobuningi yokuthi uhulumeni uthola ubugunya bawo ngokuvuma kwababuswayo, nokuthi isakhamuzi esinolwazi nesiphithipheku sibalulekile ukuze silondoloze lokho kulunga.

Amandla Nenhlangano

Ekujuleni kwayo, ukuhlanganyela komphakathi kunika abantu amandla ngokunikeza izwi ezinqumweni ezilawula indawo yabo ezungezile. Uma izakhamuzi zihlanganyela − kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngokuya emahholo edolobha, ngokujoyina amaqembu ezisebenzi, noma ngokusebenza ngokuzithandela − ziguqula izihloko ezingasebenzi zibe amanxusa asebenzayo. Lomqondo wenhlangano uqinisa izindinganiso zentando yeningi futhi ukhuthaza ukuhileleka okwengeziwe, ukudala umjikelezo omuhle wokuthembisana. Ukuhlola kuye kwabonisa ukuthi imiphakathi enezinga eliphakeme lokuhlanganyela kwezenhlalakahle ephakathi kwabantu ithambekele ekubeni nenhloko - dolobha eqinile, amazinga obugebengu, kanye nezinkonzo zomphakathi eziphumelela kakhulu (], 2000 [FLT]] [FLT]]]]).

Imishini Engalandisa

Ukuhlanganyela komphakathi kuphakamisa izikhulu ezikhethiwe nezinhlangano zikahulumeni ezifuna ukulandisa ngezenzo zazo. Ngezindlela ezinjengokukhulumela komphakathi, amakomiti aqondisayo, nezinhlangano ezizimele zokuqapha, izakhamuzi zingafuna ukuba ngcono nokusebenza. Uma ukuhlanganyela kunamandla, izikhulu zithambekele kakhulu ekusabeleni ezidingweni zomphakathi futhi zigweme ukuziphatha okonakele noma ukuziphendulela. Ukulandisa kudlulela nasengxenyeni yomuntu siqu, lapho imikhankaso nezenzo zokusekela incike khona kakhulu ekuhloniseni kwezinhlangano zezinhlangano zezinhlangano zezemisebenzi yezemisebenzi yezemisebenzi.

Ukumelela Nokuhlobisa

Intando yeningi ehlukanisayo ichuma lapho imibono ehlukene ihlanganiswa ekwenzeni izinqumo. Ukuhlanganyela kwe-COVIC kuqinisekisa ukuthi imiphakathi ephahlwe ngokwesigaba esiphansi . Lena evame ukungakhiqizwa ezimisweni eziphezulu − inesihlalo etafuleni. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izinhlanga nezigaba eziphansi, imindeni engenisa imali ephansi, abantu abakhubazekile, nabasha. Ngaphandle kokufakwa kwabo, izimiso zifaka engozini ukuqhubekisela phambili kwezimiso zokungalingani. Ukuhlanganyela akuvezi imiphumela engcono kuphela kodwa futhi kuqinisa ukufaneleka kwezinhlangano zentando yeningi emehlweni abo bonke abantu.

Izinhlobo Zokuhlanganyela Kwemicikilisho

Ukuhlanganyela kweqembu lomthetho kuyabonakala ngezindlela eziningi, ngasinye sinikela ngokuyingqayizivele enkulumweni yeningi nasezinqubweni zentando yeningi.

Ukunikela Nokuhlanganyela Ngokuzikhandla

Ukuvota kuyindlela eqondile neqashelwa kakhulu yokuhlanganyela komphakathi. Kuvumela izakhamuzi ukuba zikhethe abameleli bazo futhi zilinganisele ekuthatheni izinyathelo zokukhetha. Ebuthweni lentando yeningi, umvoti uyisibonakaliso esiyinhloko sempilo yomphakathi. Nokho, ukuthatha izikhala kuyaqhubeka ngeminyaka, inzuzo, nemfundo. Imizamo yokwandisa ukubhalisa abavoti, ukuvota kwasekuqaleni, kanye neposi yama-balottes 22:im ukuze kususwe imingcele futhi kwenziwe inqubo yokuvota ifinyeleleke ngokwengeziwe ([Brenan Center yeJaji ).

Imihlangano Yasobala NeziNgqungquthela

Amahholo edolobha, imihlangano yomkhandlu wedolobha, nokuqulwa kwecala lomphakathi kunikeza amathuba ahlelwe kahle ezakhamuzi ukuba zihlanganyele ngokuqondile nabenzi bezinqumo. La ma-meamen avumela abantu ukuba babuze imibuzo, bakhathazeke ngezwi, futhi anikeze izisombululo. Nakuba ukuba khona kungaba kuncane ngenxa yokungalawuleki kwesikhathi noma ukungathathi sithakazelo, imihlangano ehlelwe kahle ekhuthaza ukuba sobala nokuthembana. Eminyakeni yamuva, ohulumeni abaningi baye bathatha izingxenyana ezixubile, okwenza ukuba ukuhlanganyela ekude ngevidiyo kuvule amathuba.

Iqembu Eliyiqhawe Nesithakazelo

Iqembu elihleliwe lokuqasha abantu liqinisa amazwi ngokuhlanganisa imithombo evumelana nemigomo efanayo. Amaqembu afundisayo angenisa izishayamthetho, aqhube imikhankaso yokuqapha umphakathi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi athanda ukuqhubekisela phambili izimbangela zawo. Izibonelo zihlanganisa izinhlangano zendawo ezungezile, amaqembu alwela amalungelo omphakathi, kanye namanhlangano ezohwebo. Nakuba abanye abagxeki bekhathazekile ngethonya elingafanele lezithakazelo eziphambili, ukuqamba ukuqamba amagebengu kuhlala kuwumkhondo obalulekile wezakhamuzi ukuba zishintshele ezimisweni ngaphandle kwebhokisi le-bolot.

Inkonzo Yomphakathi Neyokuzithandela

Ukuvolontiya inzuzo yendawo, izikole, noma imiphakathi yomphakathi kuwuhlobo lokuhlanganyela komphakathi okuthuthukisa ngokuqondile imiphakathi. Lokhu kunikeza iziphakamiso ezisheshayo njengokungathi ukudla okungalondekile, ukufunda nokubhala, noma ukuhlanza indawo ezungezile (kodwa futhi kwakha izinhlangano zomphakathi nokuthembana. Ukuzithandela ngokuvamile kuholela ekubopheni okwengeziwe kwezombangazwe, njengoba abahlanganyeli beqaphela kakhulu izimpikiswano zezimiso zemvelo futhi beshukumiseleka ukuba bakhuthaze izinguquko.

Ukuhlanganyela Ezingosini Ze - computer Nasezingosini

I-Internet nezokuxhumana ziye zaguqula ukuthembisana kwezenhlalo. Izicelo ze-inthanethi, ukuminyana ngenxa yezimbangela zomphakathi, kanye namathuluzi okuhlela imishini kwenza ukuba imishini yokuhlela ikwazi ukuhlomela ngokushesha ezindabeni. Amapulatifomu kahulumeni avumela izakhamuzi ukuba zinikeze izinkulumo ngemithetho ehlongozwayo, zibika izimbobo, noma zingenise imininingwane yomphakathi. Nokho, ukuhlanganyela kwezemishini kuphakamisa izinselele, kuhlanganise nokungaqondisi kahle, kanye nokuhlukanisa amagumbi. Umklamo we-inthane ye-inthaneti unganciphisa lezi zingozi futhi uthuthukise inkulumo yedemokhrasi.

Indima Ebucayi Yenkulumo Yeningi

Inkulumo yeningi iyingxoxo yedemokrasi (8) ukuxoxisana okuqhubekayo kwemibono, izimpikiswano, nemibono okwazisa umphakathi nomthetho wokuma. Ngaphandle kwenkulumo eqinile, ukuthatha isinyathelo somphakathi kuba yize: izakhamuzi zingavota noma zingene emihlanganweni, kodwa ngaphandle kwengxoxo enengqondo, izinqumo zenziwa ngaphandle kokwaziswa. Inkulumo yeningi ifeza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile.

Ukuvala Inkululeko

Intando yeningi igcizelela ukudingidwa kwezakhamuzi njengesisekelo sokwenza izinqumo ezisemthethweni. Inkulumo yeningi ivumela abathatha ingxenye ukuba banikeze ubufakazi, balinganisele intengo, futhi bacabangele izithakazelo zabanye. Ukwehlisa ijubane lokuhlola inhloso ukuze kuhlolwe ukuqondana, futhi, ngokufanelekile, kuvumelane. Umzamo ofana nokuhlola okungaqiniseki kanye nemihlangano yezakhamuzi uye wabonisa ukuthi ukuxoxa okuhleliwe kunganciphisa ukuwohloka kwezwe futhi kuveze izintando ezithandwa kakhulu ([] Umbaleki womthetho wohlobo lwe-Delibration Devigation [[FLD [FLD:1]]]).

Ukuthuthukisa Ukuqonda Izinkinga Eziyinkimbinkimbi

Isimiso sanamuhla sibekela izinselele − ukushintsha kwezempilo, ukuhlelwa kwendlela yokusebenza kwempilo, ukuhlelwa kokuhlakanipha okungakhi qqhinga. Inkulumo yomphakathi isiza izakhamuzi ukuba ziqonde ukuhlukanisa nokungahwebi okuhilelekile. Ngemithombo yezindaba, izimpikiswano, nomphakathi, abantu bafunda ngokuvumelana kwezesayensi, imiphumela engokomnotho, nokucabangela izimiso. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekwenzeni izinqumo ezicatshangelwe kahle ebhokisini le-bhalobhu nasekuphileni kwansuku zonke.

Ukwakha Ubudlelwane Nokwethembana Kwezenhlalo

Uma izakhamuzi zihlanganyela enkulumweni yeningi ehloniphekile, zakha inhloko - dolobha yezenhlalo nezimiso zokuhlanganisa abantu abahlangene. Ukuxoxa ngokufana kungahlukana phakathi kwezinhlanga, isigaba, nezwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho inkulumo iqala ukuphikisa noma ingenamdlandla, iqeda ukwethembana nokwehlukana. Inkulumo enika amandla anele inezela emzweni wokuzichaza kanye nenjongo efanayo, iqinisa indwangu yomphakathi esekela ukuqina kwentando yeningi.

Ukucabanga Okukhuthazayo

Ukuchayeka embonweni engafani kubekela abantu inselele yokuhlola imibono yabo. Inkulumo yeningi idinga abahlanganyelayo ukuba bacacise ukucabanga kwabo, baphendule lapho bephikisana, futhi bathuthukise izikhundla zabo. Nakuba ubandlululo luvame ukuholela abantu ukuba bafune ukuqinisekiswa, izinkulumo ezihlelwe kahle kanye nezingxoxo ezilula zingahlakulela umkhuba wokucabanga okugxekayo okudlulela kuzo zonke izici zokuphila.

Izithiyo Zokuhlanganyela Okuphumelelayo

Naphezu kokubaluleka kwayo, ukuhlanganyela emphakathini kubhekene nezithiyo ezinkulu ezingavimbela inkulumo yasobala futhi zilulaze ukubusa kwentando yeningi.

Ukunganaki Kwezombangazwe Nokukhungatheka

Izakhamuzi eziningi zinomuzwa wokuthi ukungethembi uhulumeni, ukuphelelwa iso, noma ukukhungatheka ngenxa yokungaqondi kahle kungabangela ukunganaki. Uma abantu bekholelwa ukuthi izwi labo alibalulekile, bayahoxa ekuphileni komphakathi, badala isiprofetho sokuzigcwalisa. Ukunqoba lokhu kudumazeka kudinga ukusabela okubonakalayo ezinhlanganweni nasesikweni esigubha iminikelo yomphakathi.

Izithiyo Zezenhlalo Nezemfundo

Isikhathi, imali, nemfundo kuthinta kakhulu labo abahlanganyela. Abantu abathola imali ephansi bavame ukusebenza imisebenzi eminingi noma ukuntula izinto zokuhamba ukuze baye emihlanganweni. Izithiyo zolimi, ukukhubazeka, nokungafundi kahle kwamanani alinganiselwe kuhlanganisa amaqembu angaphansi kakhulu. Imfundo inendima ehlukene: amazinga aphakeme emfundo esemthethweni ahambisana nokuhlanganyela kakhulu, kodwa imfundo yomphakathi ngokwayo ivame ukunganakwa ngemva kwesikole. Ukuxoxa ngalezizinhlangothi ezihlukene kubalulekile ukuze kube nedemokrase ngempela.

Ukwenezelwa Kwezombangazwe

Ukuthambisa i-hyperpolation kunciphisa isisekelo esidingekayo ukuze kunikezwe inkulumo eyakhayo. Endaweni ehlukene kakhulu, izakhamuzi zingabheka labo abavela kwenye indawo njengezitha kunezakhamuzi ezikanye nazo eziza kuqala. Lokhu kuholela emagumbini anamanayi nokunqamuka kokuxoxa ngesiphambano. Ukuhlikihla kungaqiniswa ngokuhlukanisa imithombo yezindaba nokuzihlukanisa, okwenza kube nzima ukuthola ukuhlehla noma ngisho nokugcina ukuthembana okuyisisekelo ezimisweni zedemokhrasi.

Ukungaqondi Nokungaqondi

Ukusakazeka okusheshayo kokwaziswa okungamanga noma okudukisayo kuqeda isisekelo esiyiqiniso senkulumo yasobala. I-mistry ingaphazamisa ukuqonda izimpikiswano, ihlasele ukudideka, futhi ihlwanyele ukudideka. Imithetho yezenhlalo yezokuxhumana ivame ukuveza okuvusa isithakazelo, futhi abadlali abanonya basebenzisa lezindawo zamapulatifomu ukuze balawule umbono womphakathi. Ukulwa nokwaziswa okunganembile kudinga imfundo yokufunda, ukuklanywa kwemithetho ecacile, nezindinganiso eziqinile zezintatheli.

Izithiyo Zokwakha Nezokubusa KwamaBureaucracy

Ngisho nezakhamuzi ezizimisele zingabhekana nezithiyo ezimiswe yizinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zobubusi. Izikhathi zokuhlangana, ulimi oluyimfihlo olungokomthetho, nezinqubo zokubhalisa ezinzima zingakukhubaza ukuthatha inxaxheba. Amabhodi, izimemo zokuhlela, nezinye izindikimba zingasebenza ngezaziso zomphakathi ezilinganiselwe noma ngezikhathi zokuphendula ezimfushane kakhulu ukuba zingangeniselwa ngokunenzuzo. Izinguquko zenhlangano ezibeka indawo ekhululekile nezinqubo zobungane nomngane zinganciphisa lezi zithiyo.

Amasu Okuqinisa Ukuphila Kwesibili

Ukuthatha isinyathelo somphakathi nenkulumo yasobala kudinga ukuthatha isinyathelo ngamabomu emazingeni amaningi", abantu, umphakathi, namasu alandelayo, athathwe ekucwaningeni nasemikhubeni engcono kakhulu, kungasiza ekwakheni intando yeningi eboleke kakhulu nenolwazi.

Imfundo Yabo Bonke Nemfundo Yabo Bonke Ukuphila

Izikole, izinhlangano zomphakathi, nemithombo yezindaba zinendima efeza indima ekufundiseni amakhono ezakhamuzi: indlela yokuhlola imithombo, ukuthatha iqhaza ekuhlolweni, nokuqonda izakhiwo zokubusa. ICurcula ehlanganisa imisebenzi yokufunda inkonzo, ukuvivinywa kohleko, nezimpikiswano zasekilasini ezikhuthaza ukuthembisana. Izinhlelo zemfundo zabadala nemithombo ye-inthanethi ye-inthanethi ingasekela imfundo yezenhlalakahle yaphakade.

Izici Ezihlanganisayo Ezifinyelelekayo Ezinengxenye

Ohulumeni kanye nezinzuzo kufanele baklame amathuba okuhlanganyela ngokulingana engqondweni. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukunikeza izingane ukunakekela emihlanganweni, ukulungiselela izinkonzo zokuhumusha, ukusebenzisa ulimi olulula, nokunikeza kokubili izindikimba ezihlolwayo zomphakathi, njengamakomiti ahlela izimali, anika izakhamuzi amandla okunikezela izimali ngokuqondile, ukukhokha nokuziphendulela. Izimo ezinjenge Paricitation Depacing Project[[

Ukuhlanganyela Kwentsha Nokuxhumana

Ngokuvamile intsha inikezwa imingcele ezindaweni zomphakathi ezingokwesiko. Izinhlelo ezikhuthaza ukuvota kwentsha, imikhandlu yokuqondisa intsha, nokubusa kwesikole kungakhuthaza ukuhlanganyela kukho konke ukuphila. Izindlela zokuhlanganisa intsha nentsha ezihlanganisa imisebenzi yomphakathi noma izingxoxo zezimiso zihlukanisa futhi ziqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhlakanipha kokuhlangenwe nakho kuhlanganiswa namandla obusha.

Ubuchwepheshe Obusheshayo Buyaphumelela

Amathuluzi emishini angandisa ukufinyelela ukungenela komphakathi, kodwa kumelwe asetshenziswe ngokucabangela. Ohulumeni bangasebenzisa amapulatifomu e-inthanethi ukuze banikeze impendulo yomphakathi, ukunikeza impendulo yangempela ezinkonzweni, nokuthatha amasu okunikeza ukwaziswa okuvulekile. Izokuxhumana zingasetshenziselwa ukuhlela nokuhlanganyela ulwazi, kodwa amapulatifomu futhi ahlanganise izici ezikhuthaza inkulumo enenhlonipho, njengokuveza iqiniso nokuxoxa komphakathi. Umgomo ukuthuthukisa .

Ukukhuthaza Isiko Lokuzinqumela

Imiphakathi ingakha izindawo zokuhlela ukuthi ibhuloho lihlukanisa imingcele. Izinhlelo ezinjengezigijimi zezakhamuzi, ukuvocavoca, nochungechunge lwezingxoxo zomphakathi zibangela ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba abahlukene baxoxe ngezinkinga ezijulile. Lezi zenzakalo zivame ukuvunyelelwa abaqondisi abaqeqeshiwe abaqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amazwi azwakalayo futhi izingxoxo zihlala zihloniphekile. Uma inkulumo yasobala iba inqubo yomphakathi, inciphisa ukukhanga kwe-hyperpartisan futhi ithuthukisa inkinga yokuxabana.

Isiphetho

Ingxenye nenkulumo yasobala iyizinjini ezimbili zesimiso sentando yeningi esinempilo. Zinika abantu abathile amandla okuthatha izikhulu, zigcine izinhlangano zinobufakazi, futhi ziqinisekisa ukuthi ukubusa kubonakalisa ukuhlakanipha kwabantu bonke kanye nentando yabo. Nokho lezi zinjini zibhekene nosongo lwangempela − ukusongela, ukungalingani, ukungalingani, ukuhlaziywa, nokungalingani, nokungachazwa kahle okufuna ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo. Ngokufaka imali emfundweni yezemfundo yomphakathi, ngokufaka izakhiwo zokuhlanganyela, ukuthatha izinhlangano zobuchwepheshe, ukusekela ngosizo lwezobuchwepheshe, nokukhuthaza izindinganiso zomthetho womthetho, izinhlangano zingavuselela inkulumo yasobala futhi ziqinise ukuqina kwentando yentando yeningi. Umthwalo walokhu kuthuthukiswa kuhlala kithi sonke: izakhamuzi, abafundisi, abaphathi bezenkampatho, abaholi besikhathi sokushintsha ngokushesha nezinselele, ukuthatha izibophonotha enkulu enkulu enkulu enkulu enkulu enkulu yokuzisweni kwentando yentando yentando yeningi.