Ukuhlanganyela Enkulumweni Yeningi: Izifundo Ezitholakala Ezinkulumweni Ezingokomlando

Inkulumo yeningi iye yaba isisekelo semiphakathi yentando yeningi nentuthuko yezenhlalo kuwo wonke umlando wesintu. Kusukela kuma-parmist asendulo kuya kumapulatifomu anamuhla amanani, ikhono lokuhlanganyela engxoxweni enengqondo, izimpikiswano ezishukumisayo, nesenzo sokukhuthaza ukuhlanganisa ithonya lempucuko. Izinkulumo ezingokomlando zisebenza njengezivumelwano ezinamandla ekushintsheni kwekhono lokuxhumana okuhle, zinikeza izifundo ezingaphelelwa isikhathi kunoma ubani ofuna ukuhlanganyela ngokuphumelelayo ezingxoxweni zasobala namuhla.

Ubuciko bokukhuluma obala nenkulumo buhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokukhuluma, ukulinganisela kokuhluzeka kwengqondo nomzwelo, ukuqonda izilaleli, nesibindi sokuxoxa ngamaqiniso anzima. Ngokuhlola izinkulumo eziye zashukumisa izizwe, zavusa izinguquko, nezinhliziyo nezingqondo ezishintshile, singakhipha izimiso eziwusizo ezihlala zisebenza ezweni lethu lezenhlalo, ukuhlanganisa izombangazwe, nokuhlangana kwembulunga yonke.

Ukubaluleka Okungokomlando Kwenkulumo Yeningi

Kuwo wonke umlando olotshiwe, inkulumo yeningi iye yaba indlela eyinhloko imiphakathi ephikisana ngayo ngemibono, izingxabano, nokuhlela ikusasa layo elihlangene. E-Athens yasendulo, indawo yokusungulwa kwentando yeningi, izakhamuzi ezazibuthene e-agora ukuze zixoxe ngezindaba zikahulumeni, ifilosofi, nobulungisa.

IRome Republic nayo yayizazisa njengekhono elibalulekile kubaholi bezombangazwe. Izilinganiso ezinjengoCicero waphakamisa ukukhuluma obala eklanyweni lobuciko, ukuthuthukisa amasu angenampendulo asafundwa ezifundweni zokuxhumana emhlabeni wonke. Izinkulumo zabo zazingezona nje izenzo kodwa zazingamazwi aklanyelwe ukukholisa, ukunikeza ulwazi, nokukhuthaza izakhamuzi ukuba zihlangane ngezindinganiso kanye nemigomo efanayo.

Phakathi nezikhathi zesiyaluyalu esikhulu somphakathi, inkulumo yeningi iye yabonakala ibaluleke kakhulu. INguquko yaseMelika yandulelwa iminyaka yempikiswano eshubile emahholo edolobha, emapheshanani, nasezindaweni zomphakathi. Inhlangano yokunqanda incike kakhulu ezinkulumo ezinamandla nasezimpikiswaneni ezibhaliwe ukuze iphikise izisekelo zokuziphatha kobugqila. Inhlangano yasebenzisa izinkulumo zeningi ukuze ishintshe kancane kancane isimo sengqondo sabesifazane ngokuphathelene namalungelo nezokuhlanganyela kwezombangazwe.

Ekhulwini lamashumi amabili, njengoba imithombo yezindaba yandisa ukufinyelela kwamazwi ngamanye, izinkulumo ezithile zafinyelela ithonya elingakaze libonwe ngaphambili. Iziteshi zomsakazo zavumela abaholi ukuba bakhulume ngokuqondile nezigidi zezakhamuzi ngesikhathi esisodwa, kwakha okuhlangenwe nakho kwesizwe okuhlanganyelwayo phakathi nezikhathi zenhlekelele nomkhosi. Ithelevishini yanezela izilinganiso ezibonakalayo enkulumweni yeningi, yenza ukuba khona kwesikhulumi nesimo saso kube okubaluleke njengamazwi abo.

Amandla Okuthonya Ezinkulumo Ezingokomlando

Izinkulumo eziphumelelayo kuwo wonke umlando ziye zabonisa ukulinganisela okuwubuciko phakathi kokuphikisana okunengqondo nokuzwana okungokomzwelo. Lenhlanganisela, uAristotle ayichaza njengenhlanganisela yeziqubulo, i-patos, ne-ethos, ilokhu iyisisekelo sokuxhumana okuthonyayo. Abaholi abaqonda ukuthi bangahlanganisa kanjani ukunxusa okunengqondo, ukuxhumana okungokomzwelo, negunya elithembekile bangashukumisa futhi bathuthukise ubunye phakathi kwezilaleli ezihlukahlukene.

Logos: Ukukhanga Ukucabanga Nokucabanga

Umqondo onengqondo wezinkulumo ezikholisayo uhlanganisa ukunikeza izimpikiswano ezicacile ezisekelwe ngobufakazi, amaqiniso, nokucabanga okunengqondo. Izikhulumi ezingokomlando ziye zasebenzisa ukwaziswa okungokwezibalo, izenzakalo ezingokomlando, nezimiso ezinengqondo ukuze zakhe izigcawu eziphoqelelayo zezikhundla zazo. Lapho uAbraham Lincoln enikeza ikheli lakhe iCooper Union ngo-1860, wafaka izimpawu ezicacile ezisekelwe ebugqilini, esebenzisa ubufakazi obungokomlando ukuze asekele iphuzu lakhe lokuthi uhulumeni wawunegunya lokuvimbela ukwanda kobugqila.

Ukunxusa okunengqondo okuphumelelayo kudinga izikhulumi ukuba zilindele ukuphikisana nokukhuluma nazo ngokuqondile. Lokhu kubonisa ukwethembeka kwengqondo futhi kuqinisa iphuzu lonke ngokubonisa ukuthi isikhulumi sicabangele imibono eminingi. UFrederick Douglas wanikeza lendlela ezinkulumweni zakhe ngokuphathelene nokupheliswa, ukuvuma izimpikiswano zezomnotho ezenziwa ngabavikeli bobugqili kuyilapho ziwahlukanisa ngokulandelana ngezici zokuziphatha neziwusizo.

Isakhiwo sezinkulumo ezinengqondo ngokuvamile silandela izindlela zasendulo zokuhlela. Abakhulumeli baqala ngokumisa isisekelo abavumelana ngaso nezilaleli zabo, bese befaka isisekelo, basekele ubufakazi nokucabanga, bakhulume ngokuphikisa okungase kwenzeke, futhi baphethe ngokucela okucacile. Loluhlelo lusiza izilaleli ukuba zilandele izimpikiswano eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi lwenze isimo sesikhulumi sifinyeleleke futhi sikholise.

I - pathos: Ukuxhumana Okungokomzwelo

Izinkulumo ezingokomlando eziye zathonya abantu cishe njalo zihlanganisa izici ezinamandla ezingokomzwelo ezithinta imizwelo yabantu emhlabeni wonke njengethemba, ukwesaba, uthando, ukungabi nabulungisa, nokufisa izinto.

UMartin Luther King Jr.'s "Nginephupho" ukhuluma mhlawumbe njengesibonelo esidumile sokuthonya okungokomzwelo emlandweni wanamuhla. Umfanekiso ocacile weNkosi wabantwana bezinhlanga ezihlukahlukene edlala ndawonye, izikhombo zayo ezibhekisele ezithembisweni zeBhayibheli nakukwaziswa okusunguliwe kwesizwe esishintshiwe wadala isimo esingokomzwelo esadlula izimpikiswano zenqubo nje. Inkulumo yasebenza ezinhliziyweni zezilaleli njengasezingqondweni zazo, yenza umqondo ofingqiwe wokulingana kwezinhlanga nowena kakhulu.

Izinkulumo zikaWinston Churchill zesikhathi sempi zabonisa amandla okukhanga okungokomzwelo phakathi namahora amnyama aseBrithani. Isimemezelo sakhe esidumile sokuthi “sizolwa emabhishi, sizolwa emasimini nasemigwaqweni, sizolwa emasimini nasemigwaqweni, asisoze salwa emagqumeni; asisoze sanikezela" ngokuyinhloko sasiwukufushanisa okungokwezikhundla okungokwempi kodwa isikhalo esishukumisayo esiklanyelwe ukuqinisa isinqumo saseBrithani ngokubonakala singenakunqotshwa. Isakhiwo esiphindaphindwayo nephimbo lokudelela sakha umuzwa wesinqumo esisekela ukuziphatha kwesizwe eminyakeni eminingi yobunzima.

Ukunxenxa okuphumelelayo kwemizwelo kugwema ukuthonya imizwa yezilaleli lapho zihambisana neqiniso. Izikhulumi eziphambili ezingokomlando ziye zasebenzisa izindaba zomuntu siqu, izincazelo ezicacile, nolimi olukhethwe ngokucophelela ukuze zisize izilaleli zixhumane ngokomzwelo nezindaba ezingase zibonakale zikude noma zingekho ngqiqweni. IQiniso le-Sojourner's `Iqiniso "Ayilona Inkosikazi?' inkulumo yasebenzisa okuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe ukuze zenze ukugqashuka kobandlululo lobuhlanga nolwesifandala ngokwezi ziqondene nezo ezibukelweni zakhe.

I - Ethos: Ukumisa Ukuvuleka Negunya

Isici sesithathu senkulumo ethonyayo sihilela ukuthembeka kwesikhulumi negunya lokuziphatha. Izikhulumi zithambekele kakhulu ekuthonyeni izikhulumi ezizibona zinolwazi, zithembekile, futhi zizinikele ngobuqotho ezikhundleni ezizisekelayo. Abantu abangokomlando abaye bafinyelela ithonya elihlala njalo ngezinkulumo zabo ngokuvamile eziye zaba nezinkulumo ezinamandla, ngezenzo, ngesimilo, nangekhono.

Izinkulumo zikaNelson Mandela zazinokubaluleka okungavamile ngoba zazivela kumuntu owayenikele amashumi eminyaka ephila ngenxa yezimiso zakhe. Igunya lakhe lokuziphatha lalingangatshazwa, ekhuthazelele iminyaka engu-27 yokuboshwa kunokuba ahlehle ekuzibopheleleni ekulinganani nasekulungiseni. Lapho ekhuluma ngokubuyisana nokuthethelela ngemva kokuphela kobandlululo, amazwi akhe ayenethenjelwa okwakungafinyelelwa ikhono lokuthatha iso sodwa.

Abakhulumeli bangamisa futhi i-ethos ngolwazi oluboniswe ngendaba yabo, ukuvuma ubunkimbinkimbi nokungaqiniseki lapho kufaneleka khona, nokuvumelana phakathi kwamazwi nezenzo zabo. u-Eleanor Roosevelt wakha ukuthembeka njengomsekeli wamalungelo abantu eminyakeni eminingi yomsebenzi wokuzinikela emiphakathini ehluzekile, enza izinkulumo zakhe ngobulungisa bezenhlalo zibe nethonya ngokukhethekile. U-ethos wayengenakho esikhundleni sezombangazwe kodwa wazisekela ngokuqinile ezimisweni zakhe.

Izifundo Ezitholakala Ezinkulumweni Eziphawulekayo Ezingokomlando

Ukuhlolisisa izinkulumo ezingokomlando eziqondile ngokwemininingwane kwembula izindlela nezinqubo eziye zabonakala ziphumelela ezimweni ezihlukahlukene, ezingokwesiko, nasezikhathini zesikhathi.

Martin Luther King Jr.’s "Nginephupho"

Ikhishwe ngo-August 28, 1963, phakathi noMatshi eWashington for Jobs and Freedom, inkulumo yeNkosi iveza amandla okukhuluma kwemibono esekelwe ezindinganisweni ezihlanganyelwe. Kunokuba igxile kuphela ekungabini nabulungisa okubhekene nakubantu baseAfrika, iNkosi yamisa izinhlangano zamalungelo abantu njengokugcwaliseka kwezithembiso ezisunguliwe zeMelika. Yanxusa iSimemezelo seNdende neSimiso, iphikisa ukuthi ukulingana kohlanga kwakungesona isidingo esiphelele kodwa ukufezeka kwezimiso esezibekwe kakade esizweni.

Isimo senkulumo sasuka ekuhlolweni kwezinkinga zamanje saya embonweni wethemba wethuba elizayo. Inkosi yavuma ukuthi "ukuphuthuma okuqinile manje" nezikhalo ezifanele zenhlangano yamalungelo omphakathi, kodwa yasebenzisa izindima ezikhumbulekayo zenkulumo ukuze idwebe umfanekiso ocacile womphakathi oguqukile eyayiwucabanga. Lokhu kubheka phambili kwenza izilaleli zisebenzele okuthile kunokuba zisebenzele okuthile kokuphikisa.

Ukusebenzisa kwenkosi ukuphindaphinda kwakha amandla afanayo okwenza inkulumo ingalibaleki futhi ithinteke ngokomzwelo. Inkulumo ephindaphindwayo "Nginephupho" yaba ingoma izilaleli ezingayilindela futhi ziyisebenzise ngaphakathi. Lesisisetshenziswa esiphendulayo, esaziwa ngokuthi i-aphora, sivela kaningi ezinkulumo eziphumelelayo ngoba siqinisa imilayezo eyisihluthulelo futhi siveza umuzwa wokwakha amandla abheke esiphelweni esiwumvuthwandaba.

Lenkulumo yabonisa ukuqapha okuyinkimbinkimbi. Inkosi yakhuluma nezilaleli eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa: ama-Afrikaan afuna ubulungisa, abamhlophe ababedinga ukuqinisekiswa ngezindlela nangemigomo yalenhlangano, kanye nabagxeki ababedinga ukuqiniseka ngokubaluleka kokuziphatha kwamalungelo omphakathi. Wakhuluma ngezinkathazo zeqembu ngalinye ngesikhathi elondoloza isigijimi esihlangene ngokubaluleka okuyisisekelo kokulingana kwezinhlanga.

Ikheli lesikhathi seMpi likaWinston Churchill

Izinkulumo zikaChurchill phakathi neMpi Yezwe II zinikeza amaklasi aphambili ekuxhumaneni ngenhlekelele nokuqoqwa kwentando yesizwe phakathi nezinsongo ezikhona. Inkulumo yakhe yokuqala njengoNdunankulu, eyanikezwa ngoMay 13, 1940, yanikeza indlela yokuhola kwakhe ngesikhathi sempi ngokumemezela kwayo okudumile: "Anginalutho engingalunikeza ngaphandle kwegazi, ukukhandleka, izinyembezi nokujuluka." Lokhu kuthembeka okukhulu ngezinselele ezakheka phambili futhi kwalungiselela abantu baseBrithani ukukhokha imihlatshelo eyayizodingeka.

Kunokuba anciphise amandla esimo saseBrithani, u-Churchill wabhekana naso ngokuqondile ngesikhathi esifanayo ezwakalisa ukuqiniseka okuphelele ngokunqoba okuphelele. Lenhlanganisela yeqiniso ngokunqoba kwamanje kanye nethemba lokunqoba ekugcineni yaba uphawu lokuthatha kwakhe isinyathelo sokuthatha isinyathelo sokuphendula. Akazange athembise ukunqoba okulula noma izixazululo ezisheshayo, kodwa wagcizelela ngokuqhubekayo isigijimi ukuzimisela kwaseBrithani ekugcineni okwakuyonqoba.

Izinketho zolimi lukaChurchill zabonisa ukunaka ngokucophelela ithonya elingokomzwelo nokuqonda. Izinkulumo zakhe zasebenzisa imifanekiso ecacile, izingathekiso ezinamandla, nemisho efana nezigqi eyenza yaphumelela lapho idluliselwa ngomlomo nangenkumbulo lapho ikhumbula kamuva. Izimpawu ezifana "ngehora labo elihle kakhulu" kanye "nokuphela kwesiqalo" zabamba izenzakalo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezingokomlando ngolimi izakhamuzi ezivamile ezazingaluqonda futhi zilukhumbule.

Izinkulumo zabonisa nokusetshenziswa kwezincwadi ezingokomlando nezindlela zokuhlola amasiko.

Franklin D. Roosevelt's Fireside

Amakheli omsakazo kaRoosevelt, ayaziwa ngokuthi izixoxi ze-flassis, aguqula ukuxhumana kwezombangazwe ngokudala ukuxhumana okuseduze phakathi kukamongameli nezakhamuzi ezivamile. Zadluliselwa phakathi kuka-1933 no-1944, lezi zinkulumo zakhuluma ngezinyathelo ezinkulu zezimiso kanye nezinkinga zesizwe ngolimi olufinyelelekayo okwenza izimpikiswano zezomnotho nezezombangazwe eziyinkimbinkimbi ziqondakale kubantu abalalele abavamile.

Inkulumo yengxoxo ekhululekile, ewukuxoxa ngangaphandle kwemlilo yayihluke kakhulu kulezo zinkulumo zezombangazwe ezazivamile ngaleso sikhathi. uRoosevelt wakhuluma njengokungathi ukhuluma nabantu emakamelweni abo okuhlala kunokuba akhulume nabantu abaningi emibuthanweni yomphakathi.

Roosevelt wasebenzisa izinkulumo ezibonisa ukuma kwe-flaress ukuchaza ngokuningiliziwe izimiso zezisebenzi zakhe, ehamba elalele ngokucabanga okusekelwe ezinqumweni ezinkulu. Lendlela yokufundisa yasiza ekusekeleni umphakathi izinyathelo eziphikisanayo njengezinguquko zebhange nokuqoqwa kwempi. Ngokuphatha izakhamuzi njengezisebenzi ezihlakaniphile ezifanelwe izincazelo eziphelele kuneziqubulo nje, uRoosevelt wakhuthaza umuzwa wokuba nenjongo efanayo nomthwalo wemfanelo womphakathi.

Lapho echaza izinguquko ezisebhange, uRoosevelt waqhathanisa isimiso sokubhange nokuhlangenwe nakho okuvamile kwansuku zonke izilaleli zakhe ezazingakuqonda kalula.

Susan B. UAnthony’s "Elungeni labesifazane lokudlala"

Ngo-1873 ngemva kokuba u-Anthony eboshiwe ngenxa yokuvota kukhetho lukamongameli luka-1872, le nkulumo ibeka impikiswano eyizimiso esekelwe ekuchazeni umthetho-sisekelo namalungelo ayisisekelo. Impikiswano ka-Anthony enkulu yayilula kakhulu: isiqalo soMthetho-sisekelo siqala ngo-"Thina bantu," hhayi "Thina zakhamuzi zabesilisa," futhi ngenxa yalokho ilungelo labesifazane lokuvota lase liqinisekiswe kakade umthetho okhona.

Kunokuphikisa ngokuthi abesifazane kufanele banikezwe amalungelo okuvota, u - Anthony waphikelela ngokuthi abesifazane kakade babenalamalungelo nokuthi imithetho evimbela abesifazane ukubhaxabulwa kwakuwukwephula imithetho engokomthetho yeziqinisekiso ezikhona.

U-Anthony wanxusa futhi izinhloso zaseMelika zenkululeko nokulingana, ephikisa ngokuthi ukuphika abesifazane ukuvota kwakuphikisana nezimiso eziyisisekelo zesizwe. Wacaphuna iSimemezelo senkululeko nezinye izincwadi zokusungula ukuze abonise ukuthi imingcele esekelwe ebulilini bokuvota ayivumelani nezindinganiso ezishiwo zaseMelika. Lendlela yenza ukuphikisa abesifazane kubonakale kungenaMelika futhi kungenabuzenzisi.

Uhlelo olunengqondo lwenkulumo nempikiswano esekelwe ebufakazini kwabonisa ukuthi abesifazane babekwazi ngokugcwele ukucabanga okunengqondo nokuthembisa uvota okwakudingeka emphakathini. Ngokuveza impikiswano eyinkimbinkimbi yomthetho-sisekelo, uAnthony wawaphikisa ngokuphelele amazwi athi abesifazane abanalo ikhono lokuhlanganyela kwezombangazwe. Uhlobo lwenkulumo yakhe lwagcizelela okuqukethwe yikho.

Ikheli Elivamile likaJohn F.Kennedy

Ngo-1937'ukuqala kwekheli lika-1961 kwaboniswa inkulumo ephefumlelwe eyabiza izakhamuzi ngezinjongo eziphakeme nezenzo ezihlangene. Umugqa wenkulumo odume kakhulu, "Ungabuzi ukuthi izwe lakini lingakwenzelani," buza ukuthi yini ongayenza ezweni lakini," yaveza ifilosofi yokubopha umphakathi futhi yahlanganyela umthwalo wemfanelo ozwakala ezindaweni ezihlukene zezombangazwe.

Ikheli labonisa ukusetshenziswa okuphumelelayo kwendlela ehambelanayo nokungavumelani nokusetshenziswa kwemisho ekhumbulekayo nokugcizelela ukuqhathanisa okuyinhloko. UKennedy wasebenzisa ngokuphindaphindiwe imisho elinganiselayo eyaveza imibono ephikisanayo, yenza ukuba kube namandla afanayo kanye nokucacela. Lendlela yokuphendula yenza imiqondo eyinkimbinkimbi ifinyeleleke futhi yasiza izilaleli ukuba zikhumbule imiyalezo eyinhloko yezinkulumo.

Kennedy wakhuluma futhi ngokunakekela okukhulu ezibukelini zomhlaba wonke. Lapho ekhuluma nezakhamuzi zaseMelika ngokuqondile, wakhuluma nezilaleli zomhlaba wonke ngendima yaseMelika emhlabeni, ukuzimisela kwakhe inkululeko, nokuzimisela kwakhe ukuzihlanganisa nabasizi kanye nabaphikisi. Lokhu kuqaphela okubili kwavumela inkulumo ukuba ifeze izinjongo eziningi zezokuxhumana kanye nezinjongo zasekhaya.

Ukuqalisa kukhuluma ngemibono elinganiselwe ehambisana nokuzivumelanisa nezimo, ukuvuma izinselele ezingathi sína lapho ezwakalisa ukuthembela emandleni esintu okuzisingatha ngokubambisana nangokuzimisela. UKennedy wakhuluma ngezikhali zenuzi, ubumpofu, nobushiqela ngaphandle kokugxila ekuphelelweni ithemba, esikhundleni sokugcizelela amathuba entuthuko ngomzamo womphakathi nangesibindi sokuziphatha.

Imishini Nezobuchwepheshe Zokubhucunga

Ukuqonda lezi zinqubo kunikeza ukuqonda okuwusizo kunoma ubani ofuna ukuhileleka ngokuphumelelayo enkulumweni yasobala, kungaba ngezinkulumo ezihleliwe, izinkulumo ezilotshiwe, noma ngezingxoxo zansuku zonke eziphathelene nezindaba ezibalulekile.

IMetaphori Nomfanekiso

Izingathekiso ezinamandla zisiza izibukeli ukuba zibe nombono wemiqondo engabonakali futhi zixhumane ngokomzwelo nemiqondo engase ihlale ikhona. Isifaniso sika-"processing methoding" u-Martin Luther King Jr" u-"isithombe se-"procession's" iMelika ayehluleke ngaso ngokuphathelene namalungelo omphakathi wayenza umqondo ofingqiwe womthetho-sisekelo uqinisekisiwe futhi ube muntu siqu. Ngokufanayo, umfanekiso wakhe "wesiphathi sobuzalwane" waveza umfanekiso ocacile womphakathi ohlangeneyo ayewucabanga.

Izinkulumo zikaChurchill zesikhathi sempi zasebenzisa izingathekiso zempi ezithinta ukuma kwempucuko nezomlando waseBrithani. Ukubhekisela kwakhe ku "ikhethini" elehla eYurophu kwadala umfanekiso onamandla owaguqula ukuqonda kweMpi Yomshoshaphansi yaseNtshonalanga amashumi amaningi eminyaka. Izifaniso ezisebenza kahle zisebenza ngoba zihlanganisa imiqondo emisha noma eyinkimbinkimbi nokuhlangenwe nakho okuvamile nezithombe izilaleli eseziziziqonda kakade.

Ukuphindaphinda Ne - Rhythm

Ukuphindaphinda okuhleliwe kugcizelela imilayezo eyisihluthulelo futhi kudala indlela ephindaphindayo eyenza izinkulumo zikhumbuleke futhi zibe namandla angokomzwelo. U-Anaphora, ukuphindwa kwamagama ekuqaleni kwamagama alandelanayo, kubonakala kaningi ezinkulumo ezinethonya. Inkosi "Nginephupho" igobe, i-Pill’s "Sizolwa" uchungechunge, kanye nokusetshenziswa ngokuphindaphindiwe "kuyekelelwa nhlangothi zombili" konke kubonisa ukusebenza kwalendlela.

Izindlela ze-hythmic ekukhulumeni zidala umuzwa womfutho nongakholeki ongathonya kakhulu. Uma izikhulumi ziqala ukusondela ezikhathini eziwumvuthwandaba ngokuphindaphinda ngokucophelela, zihambisa izilaleli ngokomzwelo nangokwengqondo. Lendlela isebenza kahle kakhulu ekudluliseleni umlomo, lapho iphimbo lesikhulumi nezwi lingagcizelela khona isimo esifanayo.

Ukukhuluma Ngezindaba Ezingefani Nezikhombo Ezingokomlando

Izibalo ezihlanganisa amasiko, izenzakalo zomlando, imibhalo yenkolo, nezincwadi zezincwadi zihlanganisa izinto ezikhathazayo zamanje kanye nezishosho. Lokhu kusikisela kunganikeza igunya lokuphikisana, kubangele ukuhlobana ngokomzwelo, futhi kubonise ikhono lomuntu lokufunda amasiko nokwazi kwakhe.

IDilesi likaLincoln i-Gettysburg yavulwa ngengcaphuno yeBhayibheli ("amaphuzu amane naneminyaka eyisikhombisa edlule") eyashukumisa ulimi lwemibhalo futhi yahlanganisa iMpi Yomphakathi nezimiso ezisunguliwe zaseMelika. Izinkulumo zeNkosi zadwetshwa kakhulu ngemifanekiso engokweBhayibheli namasiko angokomoya aseAfrika, yenza ukuzwana nezilaleli zayo eziyinhloko kuyilapho zikhanga futhi ezinkonzweni zenkolo zaseMelika.

Ukusetshenziswa okuphumelelayo kokusikisela kudinga ukuqonda ulwazi lwezilaleli zakho lwesiko nokukhetha izikhombo ezizozizuzisa. Ukufaka izikhombo kungasusa izilaleli, kuyilapho ukusikisela okukhethwe kahle kwakha izikhathi zokuqaphela nokuqonda okuhlanganisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwesikhulumi nezilaleli.

Ukumelana Nokwehluka

Ukuveza imibono ephikisanayo kudala ukucaca nokugcizelela lapho kwenzela izimpikiswano zikhumbuleke kakhulu. U-Kennedy u-"ask" ukwakheka kwasebenza ngokumelene nomthetho, umehluko phakathi kwezinqubo zobugovu nezezesizwe. Lesi sisetshenziswa esinempendulo sisiza izilaleli ukuba ziqonde kahle ngokwengeziwe izikhundla ngokubonisa lokho ezikuphikisayo kanye nalokho ezikusekelayo.

Ukusetshenziswa okuphumelelayo kokunqanda ukubola ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa izimo zohlelo olubonisa umehluko phakathi kwemibono. Lokhu kulinganisela kuveza ukwaneliseka okuzwakalayo lapho kuqinisa ukuhlukanisana kongqondo. Isiqalo esidumile sikaCharles Dickens sokuvula kwe "Ikhasi Lezigodlo Ezimbili" ("" Kwakuyinkathi engcono kakhulu, kwakuyinkathi embi kakhulu") ebonisa indlela ukumelana nolwesi lulufififi olungathola ngayo ubunkiyo nokuphikisana ngolimi olukhumbulekayo.

Indima Yomongo Enkulumweni Yeningi Ephumelelayo

Ukuqonda umongo ongokomlando, wempucuko, nowesimo lapho izinkulumo zivela khona kubalulekile ukuze sazise ithonya lazo futhi sithole izifundo ezihlobene nazo.

Umlando Nesikhathi Esimisiwe

Izinkulumo eziningi ezinethonya zafinyelela ithonya lazo ngokwengxenye ngoba zazikhuluma ngezinkathazo eziphuthumayo ezingokomlando obucayi. I-Gettysburg’s Addressky yahlela kabusha injongo yeMpi Yomphakathi ngesikhathi lapho isinqumo saseNyakatho sasintengantenga. Ikheli lokuqala likaRoosevelt, ngokugomela kwalo okudumile ukuthi "into okuwukuphela kwento esiyesabayo ukwesaba yona ngokwayo," yakhuluma ngenkinga yengqondo yokwehla Kwezomnotho okukhulu kanye nezingalo zayo zezomnotho.

Isikhathi sihlanganisa nokukhetha isikhathi esifanele phakathi kwezinhlangano ezibanzi zoshintsho lwezenhlalo. Inkulumo yeNkosi ethi "Nginephupho" yafika ngesikhathi lapho inhlangano yamalungelo omphakathi isungule amandla anele nokuqapha komphakathi ukuze inikeze ithonya elikhulu. Unyaka kaMatshi eWashington ngokwawo wabekwa ngokucophelela ukuze uthonye umthetho wesizwe olindele amalungelo omphakathi futhi usebenzise ukunakekelwa kwesizwe ekuthuthukiseni ukungabi nabulungisa kwezinhlanga.

Ukuhlaziya Nokuzivumelanisa Nezimo Kwezilaleli

Izikhulumi eziphumelelayo zibonisa ukuqonda okujulile ngezindinganiso zezilaleli, izinto ezizikhathazayo, amazinga olwazi, kanye nezindawo ezingokomzwelo. Zivumelanisa ulimi, izimpikiswano, kanye nezinxushunxushu ukuze zizwane nezilaleli ezithile kuyilapho zigcina isibopho esiqotho emibhalweni yazo eyisisekelo. Lokhu kudinga ukulinganisela ukuvumelana kwezimiso kanye nokuvumelana kwemiboniso.

UFrederick Douglass wahlela izinkulumo zakhe ngobugqila kuye ngokuthi wayekhuluma yini nezixuku ezimelene nokunqatshelwa kwemithetho, izilaleli zasenyakatho ezigxekayo, noma izikhulumi ezinonya zokuthumba izigqila. Wagcizelela izimpikiswano ezihlukene futhi wasebenzisa amasu ahlukene angenaluzwela lapho elondoloza isigijimi sakhe esiyisisekelo ngokuziphatha okubi kobugqila. Lokhu kuvumelana kwamenza waphumelela nangalé komongo womphakathi ohlukene.

Izikhulumi zanamuhla zingafunda kulesi sibonelo ngokuhlola izilaleli zazo, ukuqonda izinkathazo zazo, nokuveza izimpikiswano ngezindlela ezihlobana nezindinganiso nokuhlangenwe nakho kwezilaleli ezikhona. Lokhu akusho ukulahla izimiso noma ukutshela izilaleli kuphela lokho ezifuna ukukuzwa, kodwa kunalokho ukuthola izindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokutshela amaqembu athile abantu amaqiniso abalulekile.

Phakathi Futhi Kuyabeletha

I-ethop enikezwa ngayo izinkulumo zithinta kakhulu ithonya lazo kanye namasu okungacabangeli asebenza kangcono. Izingxoxo zomsakazo we-Roosevelt zaziklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukusekela umsakazo, ukusebenzisa ulimi olufingqiwe, olukhuluma ngokusondelene nolusebenza kahle kuleyo-mizwa. Izimpikiswano zikaKennedy ezithathelwanayo noNixon zabonisa ukubaluleka kokubukiswa kwezithombe enkathini yethelevishini, njengoba izibukeli nezilaleli zomsakazo zakha imibono ehlukeneyo yemisebenzi yabazomkhakhakha.

Inkulumo yasobala yamanje ihlanganisa iziteji eziningi, kusukela ezinkulumweni ezingokwesiko nasezihlokweni ezibhaliwe kuya ezikhungweni zezokuxhumana, eziseziteshini, nasezimisweni ze - video. Inkulumo ngayinye inemihlangano yayo, iziphazamiso, namathuba. Abaxhumanisi abaphumelelayo bayakuqonda lokhu kungafani futhi bavumelane nendlela yabo yokuxoxa ngokuhambelana nalapho begcina imiyalezo eqinile ngasemapulatifomu.

Izinyathelo Zokunikeza Inkulumo Yeningi Ephumelelayo Namuhla

Nakuba izinkulumo ezingokomlando zinikeza izifundo eziwusizo, inkulumo yeningi yamanje ibhekene nezinselele ezingavamile namathuba. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezombangazwe, ukugcwala kokwaziswa, imithombo yezindaba ehlangene nokungathembani ezinhlanganweni kwenza kube nesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi sokuthembisana komphakathi.

Ukukhuluma Ngokucacile Nokusheshayo Ekukhulumisaneni

Kulenkathi yokwaziswa okuningi nokunaka okufushane, ukucaca kuye kwaba okubaluleke kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili. Inkulumo yeningi ephumelelayo idinga ukusakaza imiqondo eyinkimbinkimbi olimini olufinyelekayo ngaphandle kokuchaza okubalulekile. Lokhu kusho ukukhetha amagama ngokucophelela, ukuhlela izimpikiswano ngokunengqondo, nokususa udwendwe olungadingekile olungase ludida noma ludida izilaleli.

Ukuhlolwa kuhilela ukwenza iziphakamiso eziqondile, eziqinisekisiwe kunokusho izinto ezingekho ngqiqweni. Kunokuba bathi "abantu abaningi bayakholelwa" noma "uhlelo lokuhlola lubonisa," abakwazi ukuxhumana nokwaziswa okuthile, banikeze imininingwane eqinile, futhi benze izisho eziqanjiwe ezingahlolwa ngezimfanelo zabo. Lokhu kulunga kwakha ukwethenjelwa futhi kuvumela ukuba kube nempikiswano eqotho ngamaqiniso nezincazelo kunokumane basho imibono.

Ukukhulumisana okucacile kudinga futhi ukuchaza amagama ayinhloko nokuqinisekisa ukuthi bonke abantu abahilelekile engxoxweni bahlanganyela ukuqonda okufanayo ngalokho okuphikiswana ngakho. Ukungavumelani okuningi emphakathini kusuka ezincazelweni ezihlukahlukene zemiqondo ebalulekile kunokuba kusuka ekuhlukaneni kwangempela. Ukuthatha isikhathi sokumisa amagama afanayo ahlukene futhi kucacise lokho okuhilelekile ngempela empikiswaneni kungavimbela izimpikiswano ezingakhi futhi kubangele ingxoxo enengqondo ngokwengeziwe.

Ukuphikisa Okusekelwe Ebufakazini

Inkulumo yasobala ecacile idinga izimpikiswano ezisekelwe ekufakazeni okuqinisekile okuvela emithonjeni ethembekile. Lokhu kusho ukucaphuna ukucwaninga okuhlolwa ontanga, izibalo ezingokomthetho, ubufakazi obungochwepheshe, kanye namaqiniso abhaliwe kunokuthembela kuphela emasikweni angekho emthethweni, ukuqagela, noma ezindaweni zokuxoxa. Nakuba izindaba zomuntu siqu kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kunendima ebalulekile enkulumweni yasobala, kufanele ziphelelise kunokuba zithathe indawo yobufakazi obuhleliwe.

Ukusetshenziswa kobufakazi okuphumelelayo akuhileli nje ukucaphuna imithombo kodwa ukuchaza ukubaluleka nokwethembeka kwayo. Izazi zidinga ukuqonda ukuthi kungani ubufakazi obuthile busekela izinkulumo eziqondile nokuthi kungani imithombo ekhonjiwe ithembekile. Lokhu kudinga ukuba kube sobala ngezindlela zobuchwepheshe, ukuqaphela ukulinganiselwa, nokumelela okuqotho kwalokho ubufakazi obukwenzayo nongakufakazeli.

Ukuveza ubufakazi kusho futhi ukuvuma uma ubufakazi buxubile, bungaqiniseki, noma bungaphelele. Ukwethembeka ekuhloleni ngemingcele yolwazi lwamanje kwakha ukwethenjelwa kanye nezibonelo uhlobo lokuthobeka kwenkulumo yasobala okufanele iphawuleke. Ukuvuma ukungaqiniseki lapho kufanele kungadambisa izimpikiswano; kubonisa ukuhlonipha iqiniso nokuzimisela ukulandela ubufakazi noma kuphi lapho kuholela khona.

Ukuhlanganyela Ngenhlonipho Nemibono Eyingozi

Inkulumo yasobala enikezayo idinga ukuthembisana kwangempela okunemibono ephikisanayo kunokususa imibono noma izimpikiswano zotshani. Lokhu kusho ukumelela ngokunembile imibono ophikisana nayo, ukuvuma izimpikiswano zabo ezinamandla, nokusabela kuzo ngokunganaki. Isimiso sokunikeza izicelo sisikisela ukuchaza izikhundla zabanye ngendlela yabo enengqondo kakhulu kunokuba uhlasele izinguqulo ezibuthakathaka noma ezisontekile.

Ukuthembisana ngenhlonipho akusho ukugwema ukungezwani noma ukwenza sengathi zonke izikhundla zilungile ngokufanayo. Kusho ukungavumelani ngezindlela ezivuma isintu nokholo oluhle lwalabo abanemibono engafani, ngisho noma bephikisana kakhulu nemibono yabo. Lendlela ithambekele kakhulu ekushintsheni izingqondo futhi yakhe imifelandawonye eqinile kunenkulumo enokhahlo noma edelelayo ehlukanisayo futhi evimbela ukuphikiswa.

Ukulalela ngenkuthalo kuyisici esibalulekile sokuthembisana ngenhlonipho. Lokhu kuhilela ukuzama ngobuqotho ukuqonda imibono yabanye, ukubuza imibuzo ecacisayo, nokuvuma ukuba kungenzeka ufunde okuthile noma ufune ukushintsha imibono yakho. Inkulumo yeningi kufanele ibe inqubo yokufundana kunokuba kube uchungechunge lwezigebengu lapho abahlanganyelayo bemane belindele ithuba labo lokukhuluma.

Ukulondoloza Umphakathi Ngaphansi Kokucindezela

Ukungavumelani ngezinto ezibalulekile kungokwemvelo futhi kunempilo emiphakathini yentando yeningi, kodwa inkulumo yeningi ephumelelayo idinga ukulondoloza ubunye ngisho naphakathi nezimpikiswano ezishubile. Lokhu akusho ukugwema ulimi olunamandla noma ukudonsa izibhakela lapho ugxeka imibono, kodwa kusho ukugwema ukuhlasela komuntu siqu, ukuhlambalaza, noma ukusho amazwi okululaza abaphikisi.

Umphakathi ufeza izinjongo ezingcono ngaphandle kobungane. Inkulumo engenaluzwela ivame ukubhebhethekisa izingxabano, ihlukanisa izilaleli, futhi yenza kube nzima ukuxoxa. Uma izimpikiswano ziphumela ekuhlaseleni amagama angenagama nasekuhlaseleni komuntu siqu, izindaba ezicatshangelwe kahle zilahleka futhi izikhundla zigxila. Ukulondoloza ubuntu kugxila emibonweni kunokugxila ebuntwini obuhlukile futhi kugcina amathuba okuthola isisekelo esisodwa noma okungenani ukuqondana.

Izibonelo ezingokomlando zibonisa ukuthi ukukhulumela okunamandla, okuguqulayo kungaba namandla kanye nokunye. Izinkulumo zeNkosi zalahla ubuhlanga ngamazwi anamandla kakhulu kuyilapho zilondoloza inhlonipho ngabantu abakhetha ubuhlanga. ULincoln wagxeka ubugqila njengobubi bokuziphatha kuyilapho evuma ubunkimbinkimbi besimo sezombangazwe kanye nokukhathalela okungokomthetho kwezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Lezi zibonelo zibonisa ukuthi ubuzwe nokucaca kokuziphatha kuyavumelana kunokuba kuphikisane.

Ukulandisa Nokuzisholo

Nakuba ubufakazi nokuhlakanipha kuyisisekelo sempikiswano ephumelelayo, izindaba zomuntu siqu kanye nokulandisa kwenza izindaba ezingekho ngqiqweni ziqine futhi zizwakale ngokomzwelo. Izinkulumo ezingokomlando ziye zasebenzisa njalo ukulandisa izindaba ukuze zisize izilaleli zixhumane nezindaba ezisezingeni lomuntu. Izingxoxo zomlonyelo kaRoosevelt zazivame ukuhlanganisa izindaba eziphathelene namaMelika avamile abhekene nobunzima bezomnotho. Izinkulumo zenkosi ezikhomba ukungabi nabulungisa kanye nezindlela eziningi zokucwasa.

Ukuxoxa ngezindaba eziphumelelayo enkulumweni yeningi kudinga ukukhetha izindaba ezicacisa izici eziningi kunokubheka izindaba ngabanye njengobufakazi obuqinisekile bokusho okuningi. Ama - anecdote kufanele agcwalise ubufakazi obuhleliwe kunokuba abuthathe isikhundla sawo. Izindaba ezinamandla kakhulu yilezo ezisiza izilaleli ukuba ziqonde izimpikiswano ezingokwezimiso kuyilapho zihlala zisekelwe emaqinisweni aqinisekile.

Ukulandisa komuntu siqu nakho kwakha ukuhlobana nokwethembana phakathi kwezikhulumi nezilaleli. Ukuxoxa ngokuhlangenwe nakho komuntu siqu kubonisa ubuqiniso futhi kusiza izibukeli ukuba zibone izikhulumi njengezingabantu abangokoqobo kunokuba zibe namazwi alula anegunya. Nokho, ukusebenzisa kahle ukulandisa komuntu siqu kudinga ukulinganisela (hho, ukugxila kakhulu kokuhlangenwe nakho kwesikhulumi ngokwaso kungabonakala kungenamdlandla, kuyilapho ukungabi naso ngokuphelele izingxoxo zomuntu siqu kungenza inkulumo ingabi namdlandlaze.

Ukuzivumelanisa Nezinqubo Zamanani

Inkulumo yeningi yamanje ivela ngokwandayo eziteshini ezinezici ezinamandla ezihlukile kunezindawo ezivamile zokuxhumana. Imithombo yezindaba yezenhlalo yenza ukuba ukusakazwa kwemibono ngokushesha nokushendeza okuqondile phakathi kwalabo abahlukene, kodwa futhi idala izinselele ezihlanganisa ukugcwala kokwaziswa, amagumbi okunanela, nezisusa zokushukumisa imizwelo ngaphezu kwento ethile.

Inkulumo yezobuchwepheshe esebenzayo idinga ukuqonda imibuthano yesikhulumi esiqondene nesithiyo. Imingcele yophawu luka-Twitter idinga ukufingqa kanye nolimi olunqindi. Iziteshi ze-print ezithatha isikhathi eside njenge-bodys noma isimaphakathi zivumela ukuba kuxoxiswe kaningi. Ama-tept ama-tept afana no-YouTube ahlanganisa ukuxhumana ngamazwi nokubona. Abaxhumanisa ulwazi lwabo bavumelana namapulatifomu ahlukene kuyilapho begcina imiyalezo engaphakathi eqinile.

Ama-odatic communtures asiza futhi ukuba kube nezindlela ezintsha zokuxhumana nokubophana. Izingxenye eziphendulayo, izithumbu ezicaphuneyo, namavidiyo aphendulayo adala amathuba okuxoxa angeke akhona ngokuxhumana okuvamile okungokwesiko. Nokho, lokhu kuxhumana kudinga ukulinganisela nokucabanga kahle ukuze kuhlale kuzuzisa kunokuba kungene ezimpikiswaneni ezingakhi noma ekuhlukunyezweni.

Iziphazamiso Ezivamile Enkulumweni Yeningi

Ukuqonda ukuthi yini eyenza inkulumo yeningi iphumelele kudinga nokuqaphela amaphutha avamile alulaza ukukhulumisana nokuhlukana kunokuba kunxenxe.

Ukuhlasela Kwezinyunyana Nokugxeka Komuntu Siqu

Ukuhlasela abantu kunokuba kube imiqondo kumelela okunye kokuhluleka okuvame kakhulu nokubhubhisayo enkulumweni yeningi. Izimpikiswano zezikhulu zikahulumeni zizama ukululaza izikhundla ngokugxeka labo ababaphethe kunokuba bakhulume ngenzuzo yalezimpikiswano ngokwazo. Lendlela iwubuwula futhi ayinamiphumela, njengoba ihlukanisa izilaleli futhi iphazamisa izimpikiswano eziyisisekelo.

Nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kufanelekile ukubuza ukuthembeka komthombo noma ukucwasana okungase kwenzeke, ukugxeka okuphumelelayo kugxila ekuboniseni ukuthi kungani izimpikiswano ezithile zinephutha kunokuba nje zihlasele ubuntu noma izisusa zalabo abazenzayo. Izindlela ezinamandla zokuphikisa imibono ephikisanayo ngezindlela zabo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi zibonisa ukuthi kungani zihluleka ngokwemibono yazo.

Imibono Yamanga Nokuqiniswa Ngokweqile

Izimpikiswano eziyinkimbinkimbi azinciphi noma ziwukukhetha okulula, kodwa inkulumo yeningi ivame ukubeka izimpikiswano zamanga ezingaqondakali ezibalulekile nezinye izinto ezingase zivele. Izimpikiswano ezimisayo njengeziyizinqumo eziphelele phakathi kwezimo ezimbili ezingathi sína azinaki isisekelo esiphakathi, izindlela ezixubile, kanye nohlobo lwezimiso eziningi zemibuzo eminingi.

Inkulumo yeningi ephumelelayo iyavuma ukuthi inkimbinkimbi lapho isanikeza izimpikiswano ezicacile. Lokhu kusho ukuqaphela ukudayisa abantu abadayisayo, ukuvuma ukukhathazeka okungokomthetho ezinhlangothini eziningi zezimpikiswano, nokugwema isilingo sokushaya sengathi ukukhetha okunzima kunezimpendulo ezilula. Abaculi bavame ukwazisa ukwethembeka ngobunkimbinkimbinkimbi kunezithembiso zamanga zezixazululo ezilula.

Ukuqiniswa Nobufakazi Obukhethayo

Ukuthambekela kokufuna nokugcizelela ubufakazi obusekela izinkolelo ezikhona ngenkathi kunganakwa ukwaziswa okuphikisanayo kululaza ubuqotho benkulumo yeningi. Ukwethembeka kokufundisa kudinga ukucabangela bonke ubufakazi obuphathekayo, kuhlanganise nokwaziswa okunezinselele ezithandwayo. I-Cherry-over - ikhetha ukwaziswa noma imithombo evumelana kuphela nokuzimela okumisiweyo kuveza izimpikiswano ezidukisayo ezingamelani nokuhlola.

Ukuqapha ukuqinisekiswa kobandlululo kudinga ukufunisisa imibono ephikisanayo, ukuhlanganyela ezimpikiswaneni ezinamandla ngokumelene nesikhundla sakho, nokuzimisele ukulungisa izinkolelo lapho kudingekile. Lendlela iqinisa kunokuba yenze izimpikiswano zibe buthaka ngokuqiniseka ukuthi zingamelana nezinselele ezingathi sína nokulandisa ngokwaziswa okuphelele okuhlobene nazo.

Ukusikisela Okungokomzwelo Nokuthuthumela Kokwesaba

Nakuba ukunxusa okungokomthetho okungokomzwelo kunendima ebalulekile enkulumweni yasobala, ukulawula ngokwesaba, intukuthelo, noma okunye ukuzizwa unamandla ngaphandle kokuzithethelela kumelela ukonakala kokukhulumisana okuthonyayo. Ukwesaba kweqisa izinsongo noma imiphumela yokungahloniphi ngokuhluzekile nokubangela ukusabela okungokomzwelo.

Ukunxusa okungokomzwelo kufanele kusize izilaleli ziqonde ukubaluleka kokubaluleka kwezindaba futhi kushukumise isinyathelo esisekelwe ezinkingeni eziqotho, hhayi ekubangeleni uvalo noma ukucasuka.

Ukuthuthukisa Izwi Lakho Ngenkulumo Yeningi

Ukufunda ezinkulumo ezingokomlando nasezimisweni eziphumelelayo zokukhulumisana kunikeza isisekelo, kodwa ukwakha izwi lakho siqu eliqotho enkulumweni yeningi kudinga ukuprakthiza, ukucabangisisa, nokuzimisela ukuthuthukisa ngokuqhubekayo.

Ukuthola Indlela Yakho Yangempela

Inkulumo yasobala ephumelelayo idinga ukuthembeka, ukukhuluma ngezindlela ezibonisa izinkolelo zakho zangempela, izindinganiso, nobuntu bakho kunokuthatha abantu abazizwa bephoqelekile noma bengeyokwenziwa. Izinkulumo ngokuvamile zingabona ubuqotho, futhi imizamo yokulingisa izindlela zabanye ivame ukubonakala njengezezezeze noma zinamandla. Izikhulumi ezishukumisa kakhulu yilezo eziye zathola izindlela zokuveza imibono yazo eyingqayizivele ngamazwi azo.

Ukuthuthukisa indlela eyiqiniso kuhilela ukuhlola nokuzihlela. Zama izindlela ezihlukahlukene ukuze ubone ukuthi yini engokwemvelo nethinta izilaleli. Naka ukuzwa uzwa futhi uzimisele ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, kodwa ungakuyeki ukuma kwakho okuyisisekelo noma izindinganiso ekufuneni ukuthandwa noma ukuvunyelwa. Umgomo uwukuba ube yinguquko ephumelela kakhulu kuwe kunokulingisa omunye umuntu ngendlela engafanele.

Ukufunda Nokuthuthuka Okuqhubekayo

Ukukhulumisana okuphumelelayo kuyikhono elikhula ngokuzijwayeza nangokufunda. Ukufunda kabanzi, ukulalela imibono ehlukahlukene, nokuhlaziya kokubili izibonelo zenkulumo yeningi eziphumelelayo nezingaphumeleli kungakusiza ukuba uqonde ukuthi yini esebenzayo nokuthi kungani. Funa ukuzwana okwakhayo ngokukhulumisana kwakho siqu futhi uzimisele ukufunda emaphuthani nasekwehlulekeni.

Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kokukhuluma, ukuphikisana, nokukhulumisana kunganikeza izici eziwusizo nezinqubo, kodwa ukufunda ngokwethukela ngokuqaphela nangokuprakthiza kubaluleke ngokufanayo. Qaphela indlela abakhuluma ngayo ngokuhluzeka kwezindlela zokuxhumana, basebenzise ulimi, baxhumane nezilaleli, futhi babhekane nezinselele. Cabangela ukuthi yini ongazivumelanisa nomongo nezinjongo zakho siqu.

Ukwakha Ulwazi Nekhono

Ukuhlanganyela ngokunengqondo enkulumweni yeningi kudinga ulwazi lweqiniso lwezindaba okhuluma ngazo. Lokhu kusho ukusebenzisa isikhathi ekucwaningeni, ukufunda imithombo eyinhloko, ukuqonda imibono ehlukene, nokuthuthukisa ulwazi lwangempela kunokuthembela ezindaweni ezibonisa ukujwayela noma zokukhuluma. Ulwazi olujulile lukwenza ukwazi ukwenza izimpikiswano ezicatshangelwe kahle, ukusabela ngokuphumelelayo ezinkingeni, futhi unikele ngokunengqondo ekuqondeni umphakathi.

Ubuchwepheshe bokwakha buyinqubo eqhubekayo kunempumelelo eyodwa. Impikiswano ziguqula, ulwazi olusha luvele, futhi lujule ngokuthembisana okuqhubekayo. Abahlanganyela abaphumelelayo enkulumweni yasobala bahlala bengabafundi bezifundo zabo, njalo bafunda futhi bathuthukise ukuqonda kwabo kunokuba bacabange ukuthi akukho okunye abangakuthola.

Izinyathelo Eziwusizo Zokuhlanganyela Enkulumweni Yeningi

Ukuguqula izimiso nezifundo ezisuka ezinkulumweni zomlando zize zithathe isinyathelo esisebenzayo kudinga amasu aqinile okuhlanganyela ezingxoxweni zomphakathi zamanje. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi nibhala izihloko, ninikeza izintshumayelo, nihlanganyela emihlanganweni yomphakathi, noma ningenele kwezezokuxhumana, imikhuba ethile ingenza iminikelo yenu iphumelele kakhulu futhi yakha.

Ukulungiselela Nokucwaninga

Ngaphambi kokukhuluma noma ukubhala ngezindaba ezibalulekile, zinike isikhathi sokucwaninga ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uyiqonda kahle le ndaba, uhlole izincwadi eziyinhloko, uqonde umongo womlando, futhi uzijwayelanise nezimpikiswano ezinkulu ezinhlangothini ezihlukahlukene.

Ukulungiselela kuhilela nokulindela ukuphikisana nezinselele. Cabangela ukuthi iziphi izimpikiswano abanye abangase baziphakamise ezikhundleni zakho futhi baphendule ngokuhluzekile. Lokhu akusho ukuthi kufanele ube nezimpendulo zayo yonke imibuzo, kodwa kusho ukucabanga ngokucophelela ukuze ubavikele ngokubhekisisa.

Ezinkulumweni noma eziwumbukiso ezivamile, ukulungiselela kuhlanganisa ukunikeza izinkulumo ngokuzijwayeza, ukunikeza izinkulumo, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi isigijimi sakho sifanelana nesikhathi esikhona nokuhleleka. Ngisho nangezici ezimbalwa ezingokomthetho njengezingxoxo zezokuxhumana, ukucabanga ngamaphuzu akho ayinhloko ngaphambi kokuthumela kungakusiza ukuba ukhulume ngokucace ngokwengeziwe futhi ugweme izinkulumo ezisabelayo ongase uzisole ngazo kamuva.

Ukulungisa Inkulumo Yakho

Ukuhlelwa okucacile kusiza izibukeli ukuba zilandele ukucabanga kwakho futhi kwenze izimpikiswano zikhombe ngokwengeziwe.

Phakathi kwengqungquthela yakho, hlela amaphuzu ngokunengqondo ukuze ngalinye lakheke kwelangaphambili. Sebenzisa izinguquko ukuze ubonise ukuhlobana phakathi kwemibono futhi usize izibukeli ziqonde ukuthi izici zempikiswano yakho zihlobene kanjani. Yiphawule ngokucacile inhlangano yakho uma kufanele, utshele izilaleli ukuthi uzohlanganisani futhi uhlele ngaluphi uhlelo.

I-mongo ehlukile ingadinga amasu ahlukene enhlangano. Inhlangano yezenzakalo isebenza kahle ekulandiseni komlando. Inkinga-inkinga iyasebenza empikiswaneni yezimiso. Qhathanisa nenhlangano ephikisanayo isiza izilaleli ukuba ziqonde ezinye izindlela. Khetha izakhiwo ezifeza izinjongo zakho kanye nezilaleli zakho.

Ukusebenzisa Izinto Ezisekelayo Ngokuphumelelayo

Ubufakazi, izibonelo, izibalo, ubufakazi obungochwepheshe, nezinye izinto ezisekelayo ziqinisa izimpikiswano lapho zisetshenziswa ngokufanelekile.

Yisho ngokucacile imithombo ukuze izilaleli ziqinisekise ukwaziswa futhi zihlole ukuthembeka kwayo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu enkulumweni ebhaliwe lapho abafundi bengase bafune khona ukuhlola imithombo yokuqala. Ukunikeza incazelo efanele kubonisa futhi ukwethembeka kokuhlakanipha nokuhlonipha umsebenzi wabanye kuyilapho kukuvikela ekumangalelweni ngokuphamba noma ukuhlanekezela.

Ukulinganisela izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinto ezisekelayo ezikhangayo kokubili ukuvumelana okunengqondo nokungokomzwelo. Izibalo nobufakazi obungochwepheshe kunikeza ukusekela okunengqondo, kuyilapho izindaba nezibonelo ziveza ukuxhumana okungokomzwelo. Izizathu eziphumelela kakhulu zihlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi zokusekela kunokuthembela ngokuphelele kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lobufakazi.

Ukuhlanganyela Nokweqisa Nokugxeka

Inkulumo yeningi ihilela ukuxoxa kunokuxoxa, okusho ukwamukela ukunikeza impendulo, imibuzo, nokugxeka. Sabela izinselele ezicubungulayo ngokucabangela kunokuzivikela. Yamukela amaphuzu asebenzayo aphakanyiswa abagxeki futhi uzimisele ukulungisa isimo sakho lapho unikezwa ubufakazi obuphikisayo noma izimpikiswano eziphikisayo.

Umehluko phakathi kokugxeka okwakhayo okukusiza ukuba uthuthukise izimpikiswano zakho nokuhlasela kokholo okubi okuklanyelwe ukululaza noma ukuhlukumeza. Hlanganyela ngokungathi sína nokwezokuqala kuyilapho uzizwa ubophekile ukuphendula noma ukuphendula noma ukuphikisa. Isikhathi sakho namandla kulinganiselwe, ngakho gxila ekuxhumaneni okungathuthukisa ukuqonda noma ukucabanga okucwengisisiwe.

Ngisho nokuphikisa okungashiwo kahle ngezinye izikhathi kuqukethe ukukhathazeka okunengqondo okungakusiza ukuba ubone ubuthakathaka ezimpikiswaneni zakho noma izikhala ezisemqoka ekwazini kwakho.

Izimiso Ezifanele Zenkulumo Yeningi

Indlela esixoxa ngayo nabantu abavamile ayithinti nje kuphela ukuthi siyabathonya yini abanye kodwa futhi ithinta impilo yezinhlangano zentando yeningi kanye nesimo sokuxoxa nomphakathi. Ukukhulumisana okuhle kudinga ukunamathela eqinisweni, ukuhlonipha abantu nokukhathalela okuhle okufanayo.

Ukuzibophezela Eqinisweni Nasenhliziyweni

Isisekelo senkulumo yasobala engokwezimiso siwukuzinikela eqinisweni nasekunembeni. Lokhu kusho ukwenza izimpikiswano eziqotho ezisekelwe ezinkolelweni zangempela, ezimelela ubufakazi obuqondile, ukuvuma ukungaqiniseki nokulinganiselwa, nokulungisa amaphutha lapho zivela.

Ukuzinikela eqinisweni akusho ukuqiniseka ngokuphelele ngezindaba eziphikiswayo noma ukwenza sengathi yonke imibuzo inezimpendulo ezicacile. Kusho ukwethembeka kulokho okwaziyo nongakwazi, ukumelela isimo sobufakazi ngokunembile, nokuhlukanisa phakathi kwamaqiniso amisiwe nokwahlulela okungaqondakali. Ukuthobeka kolwazi lwakho okungasekelwe ekutheni ulinganiselwe kangakanani kubonisa ukuhlonipha iqiniso kanye nezilaleli.

Inhlonipho Ngabantu Nesithunzi

Inkulumo ehlaziywe idinga ukuphatha bonke abahlanganyela njengefanele inhlonipho kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uvumelana yini nemibono yabo. Lokhu kusho ukugwema ukuhlazisa ulimi, ukuhlonipha ukuzibusa kwabantu nekhono lokucabanga ngokuhluzekile, nokuhlanganyela ezimpikiswaneni zabo kunokuzilahla zisekelwe ekwazini noma emalungwini eqembu.

Inhlonipho ngabantu ihlanganisa futhi ukuqaphela ithonya lamazwi akho kubantu abasengozini nasemphakathini. Inkulumo yeningi ingaqinisa imibono elimazayo, ubandlululo oluvamile, noma ibangele indawo eyingozi emaqenjini ahluliwe. Abakhulumisanayo bacabangela lezizimo ezingalimaza futhi bazame ukuhlanganyela ngezindlela ezingaba nengxenye ekucindezeleni noma ekubekeni imingcele.

Ukuthuthukisa Izindinganiso Zentando Yeningi

Inkulumo yeningi emiphakathini yentando yeningi ekugcineni kufanele isebenzise izindinganiso zentando yeningi ezihlanganisa ukulingana, inkululeko, ubulungisa, nokuzibusa kwabantu bonke. Lokhu kusho ukuthatha isinyathelo esiqinisa izinhlangano zentando yeningi kunokuba silulaze izinhlangano nezimiso zentando yeningi. Kusho ukukhuthaza ukuba nezakhamuzi ezinolwazi, ukukhuthaza ukuhlanganyela kakhulu, nokusebenzela ukuxazulula okuhlonipha amalungelo nezithakazelo zawo wonke amalungu omphakathi.

Ukuthuthukisa izindinganiso zentando yeningi ngezinye izikhathi kudinga ukulinganisela ngezenzo. Isivikelo sokukhuluma sivumela ukuphikisana okungapheli, kodwa ukubekezelela ukungabekezeli okungenamkhawulo kungasongela izisekelo zomphakathi wentando yeningi. Ukuzilawula kungokomthetho, kodwa abaphikisi abasebenzisa idemoniyu noma ukwenqaba ukwamukela imiphumela yentando yeningi kululaza isimiso. Ukuvimbela lokhu kucindezeleka kudinga ukwahlulela, isimiso, kanye nokuzinikela ezindinganisweni zentando yeningi ngisho nalapho belawula amasu akho athandwayo.

Izimiso Eziyinhloko Zenkulumo Yeningi Ephumelelayo

Zihlanganisa izifundo ezitholakala ezinkulumweni ezingokomlando nasezinkingeni zokuxhumana zangaleso sikhathi, kuvela izimiso eziningana eziyinhloko kunoma ubani ofuna ukuhlanganyela ngokuphumelelayo enkulumweni yasobala.

• [ Lungisa kahle futhi wakhe amakhono aqotho ezindabeni okhuluma ngazo kunokuthembela olwazini olukha phezulu noma emaphuzwini okukhuluma
• Ithumela imiyalezo ehlelwe kahle ecacisayo eyenza amaphuzu akho ayinhloko afinyeleleke kuyilapho evuma ukuba yinkimbinkimbi okufanelekile nokuvumelanayo
• izimpikiswano ezisekelwe kubufakazi obuthembekile ezivela emithonjeni ethembekile, ezicaphuna ngokufanele futhi zichaze ukuthi ziyasebenza kuwe
• [ Sebenzisa izindaba ezishukumisayo nezibonelo zikakhonkolo ukwenza izinto ezingabonakali ezingokoqobo futhi usize izilaleli zixhumane ngokomzwelo nesigijimi sakho
• Izisetshenziswa ezithatha ngokuzenzekelayo zihlanganisa isingathekiso, ukuphindaphinda, kanye nohlelo olufanayo ukuze wenze ukuxhumana kwakho kube okukhumbuleka kakhulu nokunxenxa
• bonisa inhlonipho ngemibono ephikisanayo ngokuyimelela ngokunembile nangokuhlanganyela ezimpikiswaneni zabo ezinamandla kakhulu kunokuba uhlasele abatshali
• londoloza ukuthobeka ngisho naphakathi nokungavumelani okuvusa inkanuko, ugxila ekugxekeni imiqondo kunokuhlasela komuntu siqu labo abanezikhundla ezihlukene
• Lalela ngenkuthalo futhi uhlale ukulungele ukufunda [ kwabanye, kuhlanganise nalabo ongavumelani nabo, uphatha inkulumo njengengxoxo kunokuba usebenzise ulwazi olulodwa
• Ukubheka indlela obheka ngayo umongo ohlukile nezilaleli [ uma ulondoloza ukungaguquguquki ezimisweni nasemilayezweni yakho eyisisekelo
• Yamukela ukungaqiniseki nokulinganiselwa [ olwazini lwakho nasemiphikiswaneni yakho, ubonise ukwethembeka kokuhlakanipha nokuthobeka kobufundisi
• Cwangcisa incazelo yezimiso zokuziphatha [ yokuxhumana kwakho, kuhlanganise nemiphumela engenzeka kubantu abasengozini nasemphakathini
• Commit kuqiniso nokunemba ngaphezu kwenzuzo ehluzekile noma inzuzo yomuntu siqu, ukulungisa amaphutha ngokushesha uma ethola
• [ Zijwayeze njalo futhi ufune usizo ukuze uqhubeke uthuthukisa amakhono akho okukhulumisana nokuphumelela
• Phendula izwi lakho eliqotho kunokulingisa abanye, ukuthola izindlela zokuveza umbono wakho oyingqayizivele ozwakala uqotho nongokwemvelo
• Focus emigomweni emide yesikhathi [ yokuqonda okuqhubekekayo nokuthuthukisa amakha kunokumane unqobe izimpikiswano noma ufake amaphuzu ayisikhalazo

Ukubaluleka Okuqhubekayo Kwenkulumo Yeningi

Enkathini yokushintsha okusheshayo kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuhlukana kwezombangazwe, nezinselele eziyinkimbinkimbi zembulunga yonke, inkulumo yeningi ephumelelayo isebaluleke kakhulu ekubuseni kwentando yeningi nasentuthukweni yezenhlalo.

Izinkulumo ezingokomlando zisikhumbuza ukuthi amagama abalulekile nokuthi ukuxhumana ngobuciko kungashukumisa izinhlangano, ukushintsha izingqondo, nemiphakathi. Kusukela ekuqedweni kwezigqila kuya ekwandisweni kwamalungelo abantu, kusukela ekusabeleni kuya ezinkingeni zezomnotho kuya ekuhambweni kwezingxabano zamazwe, inkulumo yasobala iye yafeza indima ebalulekile ekufinyeleleni okukhulu kakhulu komphakathi nasezimpini ezinkulu kakhulu.

Izifundo ezitholakala ezinkulumo ezingokomlando zihlala zibalulekile ngoba zikhuluma ngezici ezihlala zikhona zokuxhumana nokuthonya kwabantu. Nakuba ubuchwepheshe nomongo kushintsha, amandla ayisisekelo ezindlela abantu abasebenzisa ngazo ukwaziswa, ukwakha izinkolelo, nokwenza izinqumo ahlala njalo. Ukuqonda lezi zindlela ezinamandla nokufunda kulabo abaye bafunda ubuciko bezinkulumo zeningi kunikeza isiqondiso esiwusizo ekuthembiseni umphakathi kwamanje.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isizukulwane ngasinye sibhekene nezinselele ezihlukile ezidinga ukujwayela izimiso ezingaphelelwa isikhathi nezimo ezintsha. Inkulumo yeningi ye - Contemporary kumelwe ilwisane nokunqwabelana kokwaziswa okukhulu, ukuhlanganisa imibono eyeqisayo, ukuncipha kokuthembela ezinhlanganweni, nokuhlukana kwezindawo zokwaziswa ezihlanganyelwayo. Ukubhekana nalezi zinselele kudinga kokubili ukufunda emlandweni nokulungisa izindlela ezintsha ezifanelana namaqiniso amanje.

Ekugcineni, izinga lenkulumo yasobala lixhomeke ekukhetheni nasekuzibopheleleni komuntu ngamunye ohilelekile. Umuntu ngamunye ohlanganyela ezingxoxweni zomphakathi, izinkulumo ezingokomthetho, izimpikiswano ezibhaliwe, izikhundla zezokuxhumana, noma izingxoxo zansuku zonke zezenhlalo-mkhakha-khakha-khakha-khakha-khakha-khakha wezokucabanga ngentando yeningi. Ngokulwela ukucacisa, ukwethembeka, inhlonipho, kanye nokuthembisana isibopho somphakathi, ngamunye angasiza ekuthuthukiseni imbulunga ebonakala ngezingxoxo ezizuzisayo kunokuba kuxazulule ngokucekela phansi.

Izinkulumo ezingokomlando ezihlolwa kulesi sihloko zibonisa ukuthi kungenzeka yini uma abaxhumanisi abanekhono behlanganisa ukuzinikela okunezimiso nokukhuluma okuphumelelayo. Zibonisa ukuthi inkulumo yeningi ingaphakamisa kunokululaza ukuphila komphakathi, ukuthi ingahlanganisa abantu kunokuba ihlukanise imiphakathi, nokuthi ingashukumisela abantu ukuba basebenze ndawonye ekulungeniseni ubulungisa nasekuchumeni kwabantu.

Njengoba sibhekene nezinselele namathuba ekhulu lokuqala, isidingo senkulumo yeningi ephumelelayo asikaze sibe sikhulu. Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukuntengantenga kwezobuchwepheshe, ukungalingani kwezomnotho, izinkinga zempilo yomphakathi, nezinsongo ezisemihlanganweni yentando yeningi konke kudinga ukuphikisana okunolwazi, ukuhlobana kwezimiso zomphakathi kanye nokubambisana. Ukubhekana nalezi zinselele kuxhomeke ekukwazini kwethu ukuxoxa ngokungezwani, ukwakha ukuqondana, nokusebenza ndawonye naphezu kokungavumelani.

Ngokufunda izinkulumo ezingokomlando, ukuqonda izimiso zokukhulumisana okuphumelelayo, nokuzibandakanya nezimiso zokuhle, sonke singaba abahlanganyeli abaphumelela kakhulu enkulumweni yeningi. Lokhu akudingi ukuba sibe yizikhulumi eziqeqeshiwe noma izihlakaniphi zasobala. Kumane kudinga ukuletha ukuqapha, ukulungiselela, ukwethembeka, nokuhlonipha izingxoxo zethu zomphakathi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zivela emahholo edolobha, engosini yezokuxhumana, noma ematafuleni asekhishini.

Ifa lezinkulumo ezingokomlando ezinkulu lisikhumbuza ukuthi amazwi afanayo angenza umehluko, ukuthi izimpikiswano ezisuswe kahle zingaguqula izingqondo, futhi ukuthi inkulumo yasobala engcono kakhulu ifeza izinhloso eziphakeme kakhulu zomphakathi wentando yeningi. Ngokufunda kulezi zibonelo nangokusebenzisa izifundo zazo emongweni wethu siqu, singanikela ekuqeqesheni umphakathi okufanele izinselele esibhekana nazo kanye nezindinganiso esizithandayo. kubonisa izibonelo zamanje zokuxhumana nokuhlangana kwezenhlalo, izinhlangano ezinjenge izingqongqo ze International[[ ezinikeza ukuqeqeshwa okuwusizo ekukhulumeni obala, kuyilapho amapulati anjenge ] afundeka kakhulu. [FLT] [FLD:] [FLD] [F:3] [F] [5] futhi ukucwaninga okuphawulekayo kwengohluzo zezentengosi yeze.[5]

Uhambo oluholela ekubeni umhlanganyeli ophumelelayo enkulumweni yeningi luyaqhubeka, ludinga ukufunda okuqhubekayo, umkhuba, nokuzindla. Kodwa luwuhambo olufanele ukuthatha, kokubili ekukhuleni komuntu siqu nasempilweni yezinhlangano zethu zezindawo nezobudemokhrasi. Njengoba sihlanganyela kulomsebenzi, sijoyina isiko elide lezakhamuzi eziye zasebenzisa amandla amazwi ukuthuthukisa ubulungisa, ukuthuthukisa ukuqonda, nokwakha imiphakathi engcono kubo bonke.