Imisebenzi Yenhlangano Yezakhamuzi Ebuthweni Lentando Yeningi

Umphakathi unezikhundla ezikhethekile ezimisweni zentando yeningi, usebenza njengomlamuleli phakathi kwezwe nezakhamuzi ngabanye. Ngokungafani nezindikimba zikahulumeni eziphethe amandla ahlangene noma izinhlangano ezizimele eziqhutshwa yinzuzo, izinhlangano zomphakathi zishukunyiswa yimigomo esekelwe ekuzuzeni komphakathi nasenhlalakahleni ehlangene. Lokhu kukhululeka kokwakha kuzenza zenze imisebenzi okungakho uhulumeni noma ibhizinisi okungazenza ngokwazo, ikakhulukazi uma sekwengamele futhi kufikelwe umthwalo wemfanelo.

Uma amanxusa kahulumeni esebenza ngaphandle kokuhlolwa, ingozi yenkohlakalo, ukuthatheka kwezimiso, nokuphulwa kwamalungelo abantu kwandisa ngokungenakungatshazwa. Izinhlangano zomphakathi zinikeza lowombono wangaphandle, zisebenzisa ukucwaninga, ukuqamba uhulumeni, nokuxhumana komphakathi ukuze zikhanyise izenzo zikahulumeni ezingase zihlale zifihlekile emphakathini.

Ukugada okuphumelelayo akudingeki nje izinhloso ezinhle. Izinhlangano kumelwe zithuthukise ubuchwepheshe ekuhlaziyweni kwezimiso, ukuhlelwa kwemithetho, nokuqoqwa kokwaziswa. Kudingeka zakhe ukuthembeka kokubili ezikhulwini zomphakathi nakuhulumeni, zilondoloze ukuzimela ngokwezimali, futhi zilawule izimo zezombangazwe eziyinkimbinkimbi. Lokhu kudinga ukuba amakhono aqhubeke ebeka phambili amaqembu omphakathi asebenza ekuqondiseni uhulumeni.

Ukuqasha Njengendlela Yokuhlola Umshini

Lapho izinhlangano zomphakathi ziveza izenzo zikahulumeni eziphula imithetho, ezilimaza umphakathi, noma zilulaza izimiso zentando yeningi, zihlanganisa ukucindezela komphakathi nezinselele ezingokomthetho ukuze zifune ushintsho. Lokhu kusebenza kokulawula kuguqula ukuqaphela okungaqondisi icala kube ukugcinwa kwemithetho okusebenzayo.

Izinhlangano zezemfundo ziqasha abacwaningi, ochwepheshe bezomthetho, nochwepheshe bezokuxhumana ababheka umsebenzi kahulumeni ezindaweni eziningi. Bahlaziya imibhalo yemali, babukeze izinguquko zezimiso, bangenele ukuqulwa kwezindaba zomphakathi, futhi baxoxe ngemiphakathi ethintekayo. Ukwaziswa okuqoqwe ngalezi misebenzi zokuhlola kwakha isisekelo semikhankaso yokukhomba ephoqelela izinguquko ezithile zenqubo ethile noma izinguquko ezingokwezinqubo.

Ukuhlola okusebenzayo kokuphatha izigebengu [ kudinga izinhlangano ukuze zilondoloze ukuzimela emaqenjini ezombangazwe nasemithonjeni exhasa imali kahulumeni. Izinhlangano ezivumelana kakhulu nezithakazelo ezithile zezombangazwe zifaka izingozi zokulahlekelwa ukuthembeka kwazo njengabaqondisi abangathathi hlangothi. Izinhlangano eziphumelela kakhulu zokuphatha izinhlangano zezempatho yezentetheleko zilondoloza ingxabano eqinile nemikhuba yezezimali enikeza inzuzo evikela ukuzibusa kwazo.

Imfundo Yomphakathi Namandla Omsebenzi

Ngokufundisa izakhamuzi ngamalungelo azo, inqubo kahulumeni nendlela yokusebenzelana nezinhlangano zomphakathi, lezinhlangano zikha umsebenzi wezenhlalakahle onolwazi nokhuthele okwaziyo ukuhlanganyela emisebenzini yobubonisi.

Izinhlelo zemfundo ezinikezwa amaqembu omphakathi zihlanganisa izihloko ezisukela ezibhalweni ezibonisa indlela yokusebenzisa imali kuya ezibhalweni zomphakathi ezigciniwe.

Indima yemfundo idlulela ngalé kwezinhlelo ezingokomthetho. izinhlangano zomphakathi zikhiqiza imibiko, zilondoloze amawebhusayithi futhi zihileleke ezindaweni zokusakaza ukwaziswa ngemisebenzi kahulumeni.

Umlando Nomphumela

Ukuqonda lo mlando kunikeza izinselele namathuba anamuhla abhekene nezinhlangano zomphakathi namuhla, okuwusizo kakhulu ekuqondeni imingcele yomphakathi.

Izinhlangano Eziyisisekelo Ezathonya Ukuhlolwa Kwanamuhla

Inhlangano yamalungelo abantu eUnited States phakathi nawo - 1950 nawo - 1960 yabonisa amandla omphakathi ohleliwe okuqondisa nokubekela inselele izenzo zikahulumeni. Izinhlangano ezinjengeNhlangano Yesizwe Yentuthuko Yabantu Abanombala (NAACP) neNgqungquthela yaseNingizimu yezincwadi zobufundisi yamaKristu (SCLC) zanikeza ubufakazi obugciniwe obugciniwe bokuhluleka kohulumeni ukuvikela amalungelo omthetho, zakha amacala angokomthetho ayebekela imithetho yobugebengu inselele, futhi zakhuthaza umbono womphakathi ngokuphikisa okungenabudlova.

Inhlangano emelene nobandlululo eNingizimu Afrika yanikeza esinye isibonelo esinamandla sokugada umphakathi. Izinhlangano zasekhaya njenge-African National Congress zasebenza kanye namaqembu obumbano lwezizwe zonke ukubhala ukuxhashazwa kwamalungelo abantu, ukucindezela ohulumeni nezinhlangano ukuba baphume baphume eNingizimu Afrika, futhi bathuthukise ukuqashelwa kwembulunga yonke kwesimiso sobandlululo. Lomzamo wokuhlola wabonakala ubalulekile ekushintsheleni ekugcineni ekubuseni kwentando yeningi.

ELatin America, izinhlangano zomphakathi zafeza indima ebucayi ekubhaleni ukusetshenziswa kabi kwamalungelo abantu phakathi nezikhathi zobushiqela bezempi. Amaqembu eArgentina, eChile, naseBrazil aqoqa ubufakazi ezisulwini nasemikhayeni, alondoloza ubufakazi bobudlova bamazwe, futhi asekela ukuthunywa kweqiniso nezimiso zobulungisa ezishintshayo. Lemizamo yokuhlola yasiza ekumiseni ukulandisa ngonya futhi yabeka isisekelo sezinguquko zentando yeningi.

Muva nje, ukuvukela kwe - Arabhu Spring kwabonisa indlela izinhlangano zomphakathi nezinhlangano zezokuxhumana ezingabekela ngayo inselele ukubusa kwempoqo eMpumalanga Ephakathi naseNyakatho Afrika.

Izifundo Ezitholakala Emizamweni Yokuhlola Engokomlando

Izibonelo ezingokomlando zembula izindlela eziningana ezisasebenza ekugadweni komphakathi namuhla. Okokuqala, ukugada okuphumelelayo kudinga ukuzibophezela okuqhubekayo esikhathini eside. Ukushintsha kwezenhlalo akuvamile ukuba kwenzeke ngokushesha, futhi izinhlangano kumelwe zilondoloze imisebenzi yazo yokuqondisa ngezinguquko zezombangazwe nangezikhathi zokucindezelwa.

Okwesibili, ubunye nokusekela kwezizwe ngezizwe kungandisa imizamo yendawo. Uma izinhlangano zomphakathi wasekhaya zibhekene nokucindezelwa kukahulumeni, abantu bomhlaba wonke banganikeza ukucindezela kokusiza ukuvikela imisebenzi yokuhlola. I-nethiwekhi enjenge International Center for Not-Freat Law ilandela imingcele engokomthetho yomphakathi embulungeni yonke futhi isekela izinhlelo ezingokomthetho.

Okwesithathu, ukuqoqwa kwezincwadi nobufakazi kubalulekile ukuze kuqashelwe. Izinhlangano ezilondoloza amarekhodi acophelelayo ezenzo zikahulumeni, ziqoqa ubufakazi emiphakathini ethintekile, futhi zilondoloze ubufakazi bokuphulwa kwamalungelo akha amacala angamelana nokuhlolwa okungokomthetho nokucindezela kwezombangazwe. Lo msebenzi wokubhala udinga ukuqeqeshwa, imithombo, nezimiso ezilondekile zokuphathwa kokwaziswa.

Izinselele Zanamuhla Ezibhekene Nomphakathi Wangaphakathi

Naphezu kokubaluleka okusobala kokugadwa komphakathi, izinhlangano namuhla zibhekana nezinselele ezinkulu ezisongela ukuphumelela nokusekelwa kwazo.

Ukucindezelwa Uhulumeni Nemingcele Engokomthetho

Emazweni amaningi, ohulumeni baye basabela ekugadweni komphakathi ngokubeka imingcele engokomthetho evimbela imisebenzi yenhlangano, ehlanganisa izimfuneko ezihlukahlukene zokubhalisa ezinikeza ohulumeni iziqondiso zokusebenzisa izinhlangano, imingcele yezimali yakwamanye amazwe eqeda ingcebo edingekayo, nemisebenzi yokugada esongela izisebenzi nabasekeli bazo.

Ngokokwaziswa okutholwe izinhlangano ezihlola umphakathi, ukuthambekela kokuvinjelwa kuye kwanda eminyakeni yamuva. Ohulumeni ezifundeni eziningi baye bamukela imithetho ehlukanisa izinhlobo ezithile zomsebenzi wokuphambana kwezizwe njengempicabadala, idinga izinhlangano ukuba zibhaliswe njengezithunywa zakwamanye amazwe, noma zifake izijeziso zobugebengu emisebenzini ohulumeni abayibheka njengenozwela kwezombangazwe.

Ukuhlukunyezwa kwezentengiselwano kumelela uhlobo olukhohlisayo lokucindezela. Ohulumeni bangasebenzisa ukuncitshiswa kwentela, ukuhlola umsebenzi, kanye namanye amathuluzi okuqondisa ukuthwesa umthwalo ezinhlanganweni zomphakathi ngezindleko zokuphatha nangezingozi ezingokomthetho. La macebo abangela umphumela owethusayo owenqabela izinhlangano ukuba zingahlanganyeli emisebenzini yokuhlola okuphikiswayo, ngisho nalapho imisebenzi enjalo ihlala isemthethweni.

Ukusekela Izinhlangano Nokukhokha Imali

Ukulondolozwa kwezimali kuseyinselele eqhubekayo ezinhlanganweni zomphakathi emhlabeni wonke. Amaqembu amaningi athembele kakhulu kubantu abanikela ngezimali kwamanye amazwe, ezisekelweni zesisekelo, noma ezivumelwaneni zikahulumeni ezihambisana nezintambo. Lokhu kuncika okuxhaswa ngemali kungathonya izinto eziza kuqala enhlanganweni, kusunduze amaqembu ukuba enze imisebenzi engaphikiswani, futhi kwakha ukungahleleki lapho kusetshenziswa iziphethu ezisekela imithombo ephakeme noma incipha.

Ukuqoqa imali emakhaya kuveza izinselele zakho. Emazweni amaningi, amasiko okusiza abaphanayo ayaqhubeka ethuthuka, futhi izakhamuzi azinamasiko okupha izinhlangano zezentela. Imithetho yentela ingase ingakusebenzisi ukuphana ngesihle, futhi izimo zezomnotho zingalinganisela amandla emisebenzi yasekhaya yeminikelo. Izinhlangano kumelwe zifake izimali ezinkulu ekuqoqeni izisekelo ezisekelayo eziphambukayo ezisusa ukuthunywa kwazo kokuhlola.

Izinhlangano kumelwe zibhale imisebenzi yazo nemiphumelo ngezindlela ezigcwalisa izimfuneko zomnikelo ezibika izimfuneko, ngokuvamile ngokulahlekelwa umsebenzi wokuhlola ngokwawo. Lomthwalo wokulandisa uwela ngokungenakulinganiswa ezinhlanganweni ezincane ezinamandla okulawula alinganiselwe.

Ukwethenjwa Komphakathi Nokwethenjwa Kwemithetho

Izinhlangano zomphakathi zibhekene nokuqashelwa okukhulayo ngokuphathelene nokufaneleka kwazo nokumelela. Abagxeki bayazibuza ukuthi izinhlangano ezingahlelwanga kufanele yini zibe nethonya ezinqumweni zezimiso, nokuthi zimelela ngempela yini imiphakathi ezithi ziyikhonza. Lemibuzo esemthethweni ingase ilulaze ukusekela komphakathi imisebenzi yokuhlola umphakathi.

Ukuhlukana kwezombangazwe kuye kwasenza sayinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe isimo. Ezimweni ezihlukene kakhulu, izinhlangano zomphakathi zingase zihlangane namakamu athile ezombangazwe, zinciphise ukuthenjwa kwazo njengeziqondisi ezingathathi hlangothi. Izinhlangano ezilondoloza ukuzimela emaqenjini ezombangazwe kumelwe zisebenze kanzima ukuze zibonise ukunganaki kwazo futhi zakhe ukwethembana kwazo phakathi nokwehlukana kwemibono.

Ukubonisana mayelana nemithombo yezimali, izakhiwo zokubusa, nezinqubo zokwenza izinqumo kusiza izinhlangano ukuba zibhekane nezinkathazo ezingokomthetho. Izinhlangano zomphakathi ezithembekile kakhulu zikhipha imibiko yaminyaka yonke, zigcina amabhodi abaqondisi ahlukahlukene, futhi zithintana njalo nemiphakathi ethintekile. Le mikhuba ibonisa ukulandisa futhi yakha ukuthembana okudingekile ukuze kuqashelwe impumelelo.

Ukushintsha Izinombolo Zokuhlolwa Komphakathi

Ubuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe buyishintshe kakhulu indlela izinhlangano zomphakathi eziqondisa ngayo imisebenzi kahulumeni. Lezi zinguquko zinikeza amathuba nezingozi izinhlangano okumelwe zihambe ngazo.

Izindlela Zokuqondisa Imininingwane

Izinhlelo zokuvula ukwaziswa ziye zenza ukuba ukwaziswa kukahulumeni kutholakale ukuze kuhlaziywe izinhlangano zomphakathi. Imininingwane yokuhlela, amarekhodi okuthola imali, amarekhodi okuvota kwemithetho, kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlela manje zingatholakala, zihlaziywe futhi zibonwe ngezindlela ezazingenakwenzeka ngaphambili. Izinhlangano ezinamandla obuchwepheshe zingabona izindlela zenkohlakalo, udoti, noma isimiso esingase sihlale singabonakali ngaphandle kwamathuluzi okuhlola ukwaziswa.

Izinhlangano ezinjenge Transparency International ziye zasungula izindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuhlola imininingwane kahulumeni nokuveza ukulandisa okulinganayo. Lezi zinqubo zokwaziswa zivumela umphakathi womphakathi ukuba uqaphele ukusebenza kukahulumeni ngokwesilinganiso, ulandelela izikhombo ezinqamule izinhlangano eziningi nezikhathi. Ukuhlolwa kwalokhu kunikeza izisekelo ezisekelwe ebufakazini emikhankasweni yokuthakatha kwezezimali nemizamo yemfundo yomphakathi.

Ukuhlolwa okune-'FURYD' [ kumele enye intuthuko yemidwebo edinga ukubaluleka. Izinhlelo ezivumela izakhamuzi ukuba zibike izinkinga, ukulayisha ibhukwana, nokuthatha ama-copt ukubheka kuhulumeni zidala iziteshi ezisakaza imisebenzi engokomthetho ehlelekile. La mapulatifomu aye asetshenziselwa ngokuphumelelayo ukuhlola ukuvota, ukuqinisekisa indawo ezungezile, nokuthumela imikhondo emazweni amaningi.

Imithombo Yezindaba Nomphakathi

Izinhlangano zezezindaba zezenhlalayenza inikeza izinhlangano zomphakathi amathuluzi anamandla okuthuthukisa ukuhlolwa kwazo nokukhuthaza ukucindezela komphakathi. Izinhlangano manje zingafinyelela izigidi zabantu ngokuqondile ngokwaziswa ngezenzo zikahulumeni, zidlulise abagcini bamasango abavamile. Lo msakazo wokuxhumana oqondile uye waphumelela ekwakheni ukuqapha komphakathi nokucindezela kokufuna ukulandisa.

Nokho, imithombo yezokuxhumana iveza izingozi. Imikhankaso ye-Misforminformation inganciphisa ukuthembeka kwemizamo yokuhlola umphakathi. Ohulumeni bangasebenzisa imithombo yezokuxhumana ukuze basole futhi besabise abadlali bomphakathi. I-Platform algorithm inganciphisa ukufinyelela kwemininingwane equkethwe ubuthakade. Izinhlangano kumelwe zibe namasu ayinkimbinkimbi obuchwepheshe aveza izinzuzo zezenhlalakahle kuyilapho ziveza izingozi zayo.

Ukwehlukana kwezimiso kubangela ukukhathazeka okungalinganiyo ekugadweni komphakathi. Izinhlangano emazweni acebile nasezindaweni zasemadolobheni zithambekele ekutholeni amathuluzi emishini nobuchwepheshe obungcono kunamaqembu emazweni angenamali kakhulu nasezindaweni zasemaphandleni. Lokhu kungalingani kungabeka iziphakamiso eziza kuqala ezindabeni ezikhanga ukunakekela kwezemishini kunalezo ezithinta imiphakathi esengozini kakhulu.

Izinyathelo Zokuqinisa Amandla Omphakathi

Uma kucatshangelwa izinselele ezibhekene nezinhlangano zomphakathi, ukutshala izimali eziwusizo ekunakekeleni ukuqondisa okuphumelelayo kukahulumeni.

Ukuthuthuka Kwenhlangano Nokuklanywa Kwayo

Izinhlangano eziqinile ziyisisekelo sokugada okuphumelelayo. Izinhlangano zokuhlolwa kwezisebenzi, ukuhlelwa kwezinhlelo, ukulawulwa kwezimali, kanye nezakhiwo ezibusayo zisiza izinhlangano ukuba zisebenze ngokuphumelelayo futhi zilondoloze ukuthembeka. Izinhlelo zokwakha zokwakha ezinikezwa yizinhlangano zomhlaba wonke nezisekelo zokusiza abaphanayo zinganikeza usizo lobuchwepheshe namathuba okufunda ontanga.

Intuthuko yezemfundo idinga ukunakwa ngokukhethekile. Ukuphumelela kwezinhlangano zomphakathi ngokuvamile kuxhomeke embonweni, emakhonweni, nasebuqothweni babaholi bazo. Izinhlelo ezibonakalisa, isitimela, nokusekela abaholi abavelayo emphakathini wesizwe kuyasiza ekwakheni iqoqo lekhono lokuhlola izinhlangano. Lezinhlelo kufanele zigcizelele ukuhola ngokwezimiso, ukucabanga okuhleliwe, kanye nokuzimela ekubhekaneni nokucindezela kwezombangazwe.

Ukulondolozwa kwenhlangano kudinga ukunaka ekuhleleni ngokulandelana kanye nasekukhumbuleni. Uma abaholi abasungulayo behamba, izinhlangano zisengozini yokulahlekelwa ubuhlobo, ulwazi, nokuthembeka. Ukubhalwa kwezimiso zemisebenzi yokuhlela, izinhlelo zobungcweti zezisebenzi ezisezingeni eliphezulu, kanye nokulandelana kwebhodi elihlakaniphile kusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuqhubekeka ngokushintsha kobuholi.

Izakhiwo Ezihlangene Nemifelandawonye Ehlelekile

Izinhlangano ezihlelekile ezihlanganisa izinhlangano ezinobuchwepheshe obubambisanayo nezifinyelelayo zingahlanganisa ukugadwa kwemithetho elawulayo. Amakhothali angahlanganyela ukwaziswa, axhumanise imikhankaso yokuqondisa, ahlukanise imithwalo yemfanelo, futhi athole izikhundla ezihlangene ezikhulwini zikahulumeni.

[ Ama-Cros-kamustricior andisa ukufinyelela nokuthembeka kokugada umphakathi. Izinhlangano ezisebenzelana nezinhlangano zemfundo ziletha ukucwaninga nobunzima bendlela yokusebenza. Ubungane bamaMede busiza ekudluliseleni izibalo ezitholakele kubantu abaningi. Ubungane bomphakathi bunganikeza imithombo yezobuchwepheshe nokusekela ngokwezimali kuyilapho ukulondoloza inkululeko engokwenhlangano.

Izinhlangano zobumbano zomhlaba wonke zihlanganisa izinhlangano ezinqamula imingcele, zikwazi ukuhlanganisa ukwaziswa nokusekelana. Uma izinhlangano zasekhaya zibhekene nokucindezelwa kukahulumeni, abantu abasebenza ndawonye emhlabeni wonke bangakhulisa amazwi azo, banikeze izimali zokuvikela ngokomthetho, futhi basekele ngezindlela zobuzwe. Lezi zinhlangano zidinga ukutshala izimali eziqhubekayo ekwakheni ubuhlobo nasekuthuthukiseni ukwethembana.

Imisebenzi Yokuzenzela Yasemthethweni Nezimiso Zokuvikela

Ukwakha nokuvikela izimiso zomthetho ezivikela ukugadeka komphakathi kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe isikhathi eside. Izinhlangano kumelwe zisekele imithetho eqinisekisa inkululeko yokuhlangana, ukuvikela abafuyi bekhwelo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba kutholakale ukwaziswa, nokuvikela imisebenzi yokuhlasela ephazanyiswa uhulumeni.

I-International Center for Not- for Profectal Law izikhondo ezingokomthetho zomphakathi wezwe lonke, zinikeza ukwaziswa izinhlangano ezingakusebenzisa ukusekela izinguquko ezingokomthetho. Lo msebenzi wobukhazikhazi udinga ubuchwepheshe obungokomthetho, ukuxhumana okusemthethweni, nokuthembisana nabenzi bomthetho nezikhulu zikahulumeni.

Kubalulekile ukuvikela isivikelo esingokomthetho esikhona manje njengokukhuthaza esisha. Emazweni amaningi, ohulumeni baye bashukumiseleka ukuba bavimbele umphakathi ngezinguquko ezingokomthetho ezilulaza isivikelo esiqinile. Izinhlangano kumelwe zihlale ziqaphile futhi zikulungele ukukhuthaza ukumelana nemithetho evimbelayo ngokuqapha, ngokuqamba icala, nangokubhikisha umphakathi.

Ikusasa Lezikhundla Zomphakathi Ezinamandla

Ubuhlobo phakathi komphakathi nohulumeni buyaqhubeka bushintsha ngenxa yoshintsho lwezobuchwepheshe, ukushintsha kwezombangazwe nezinselele zembulunga yonke.

Ubuchwepheshe Nokuziphendukela Kobugada

Ukuhlakanipha kokwenziwa namathuluzi okufunda emishinini kunikeza amathuba amasha okuhlaziya ukwaziswa kukahulumeni ngesilinganiso esingakaze sibe khona. Izinhlangano manje zingahlela izigidi zezincwadi, zibone amaqhinga enkohlakalo, futhi ziphawule izindleko zikahulumeni ezingatholakali ngokubukeza ngezandla. Lezi zinqubo zizoba amathuluzi avamile okuhlola umphakathi.

I-blockchain nesakazwa ubuchwepheshe be-learger bunganikeza izindlela ezintsha zokuveza izithengiselo zikahulumeni. Izivumelwano ezihlakaniphile zinganikeza izimfuneko ezizihambelayo, zivule amarekhodi aqinile ezinqumo zikahulumeni, futhi zenze izakhamuzi zikwazi ukuqinisekisa izenzo zikahulumeni. Izinhlangano zomphakathi kufanele zilandele lezi ntuthuko zobuchwepheshe futhi zihlole izicelo ezingase zihlolwe umsebenzi wokuhlola.

Nokho, ubuchwepheshe budala izingozi ezintsha. Ohulumeni bamukela ubuchwepheshe obuyinkimbinkimbi bokuqapha obusongela ukusebenza komphakathi. Ukubhala ngokuyimfihlo, amathuluzi okuxhumana alondekile, kanye nezindlela zokuphepha zobuchwepheshe zobuchwepheshe kuba yisisekelo esibalulekile sokuhlola izinhlangano ezisebenza endaweni eqinile. Imishini yokulondoloza imishini akuseyona into engenziwa ngokuzikhethela kodwa ibalulekile ukuze kulondolozwe inhlangano ezimweni eziningi.

Izinselele Zembulunga Yonke Nokuhlola Izizwe Zonke

Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukusabela kobhadane nezinye izinselele zembulunga yonke kudinga ukugadwa kwemingcele yezwe. Izinhlangano zomphakathi zisungula izinhloli ezihlola imingcele yomhlaba wonke ezilandela ukusebenza kukahulumeni ezibophweni zomhlaba wonke, amabhukwana alimaza indawo ezungezile, futhi enza ukuba izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe ziboshelwe imiphumela yazo.

Le mizamo yokuhlola amazwe iletha izinselele eziyingqayizivele. Izinhlangano kumelwe zisebenzise izimiso ezihlukene zomthetho, zisebenzela ezinqikazaneni zolimi nezempucuko, futhi zixhumanise imisebenzi ezifundeni zezikhathi. Ukwakha ukuthembana nokuqondana okudingekayo ukuze kuqashelwe izinhlangano eziphumelelayo ezihlanganisa amazwe ahlukahlukene kudinga ukugcinwa okuqhubekayo kobuhlobo nezakhiwo ezihlangene.

Ikhomputha yokuhlola i-Transparency International ibonisa indlela amathuluzi okulinganisela angakwazi ngayo ukuqhathanisa izinhlanga kanye nokulandisa. Imizamo efanayo kwezinye izindawo inweba amathuluzi akhona okuhlola umphakathi wezizwe ngezizwe.

Ukwakha Izimiso Zokuhlola Eziphumelelayo

Ukusebenza isikhathi eside kokuhlola umphakathi kuxhomeke ezimisweni zokwakha ezingamelana nokucindezela kwezombangazwe, ukuncishiswa kwezimali, nezinye izinto ezishaqisayo. Izimiso zokuhlola ezibuyayo zihlanganisa izinhlangano eziningi ezisebenza emazingeni ahlukene, imithombo yezezimali ehlukahlukene, izinhlangano eziqinile zokusekelana, kanye nezakhiwo eziqinile.

Izinhlangano kufanele zifake imali egciniwe, ziveze izindodla zemali, futhi zilondoloze amasu avumelanayo ezinkinga zezombangazwe. Ukudilizwa kwemithombo yezimali kunciphisa ukuchayeka ekunikeleni nakwezombangazwe. Izinhlangano ezithembele kakhulu emithonjeni yezimali eyodwa noma ezibopha izivumelwano zikahulumeni.

Izakhiwo zesakhiwo [ zihlanganisa izikhungo zokuqeqesha, izikhungo zokucwaninga, kanye nemizimba ehlelayo inikeza ukuzinzisa okungenakufinyelelwa yizinhlangano ngazinye. Izinhlangano kule misebenzi ehlanganyelwayo zisiza yonke indalo yomphakathi futhi zithuthukise ukuvikelwa kwekhono lokuhlola phakathi nezikhathi ezinzima.

Isiphetho

Ukugadwa komphakathi kahulumeni akuyona into ephambili kodwa kuyisidingo sokubusa ngentando yeningi. Ubufakazi obusezimweni ezingokomlando nezingokwesikhathi samanje bubonisa ukuthi ohulumeni abazolandisa ngezinhlangano zomphakathi ezizimele bawahlonipha kakhulu amalungelo omphakathi, futhi bawasebenzise ngokugcwele, futhi bahlale besabela ngokwengeziwe izidingo zezakhamuzi. Ubuhlobo phakathi komphakathi womphakathi nohulumeni, kuyilapho ngokuvamile buqinisa izinhlangano zentando yeningi ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi lawo mandla ahlala ehlolwa futhi ephikiswa.

Izinselele umphakathi wanamuhla obhekene nazo zibalulekile kodwa zingenakunqotshwa. ukutshala imali ehlelekile ekwakheni izinhlangano, izivikelo ezingokomthetho nasemamathuluzini obuchwepheshe kungasiza izinhlangano ukuba zilondoloze futhi zandise imisebenzi yazo yokuhlola.

Izakhamuzi ngokwazo zinendima yokusekela ukugadwa komphakathi. Ngokuhlala zinolwazi ngemisebenzi kahulumeni, ukuhlanganyela ekuhloleni komphakathi, ukusekela izinhlangano zomphakathi ngeminikelo nangomsebenzi wokuzithandela, kanye nokunika izikhulu zazo ezikhethiwe isibopho sokulandisa ebhokisini lokuvota, abantu ngabanye bangaqinisa isayensi yokuhlola evikela ukubusa kwentando yeningi. I-World Justice Project of Law Index[ inikeza izakhamuzi amabhentshi awusizo ukuze zihlole ukuthi uhulumeni wazo ulawulwa futhi ubekelwe icala elingakanani.

Umphakathi womphakathi uzoqhubeka uguqukela ekusabeleni ekushintsheni kwezimo zezombangazwe, ezobuchwepheshe, nezezenhlalo. Kodwa injongo yawo eyisisekelo nemisebenzi etuswayo ihlala ikhona: ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amandla kahulumeni asetshenziswa ngokukhanyayo, ngokungenakungatshazwa, nangenkonzo yesithakazelo somphakathi womphakathi. Impilo yentando yeningi ixhomeke empilweni yomphakathi womphakathi, futhi impilo yomphakathi ixhomeke ekuzinikeleni nasesibindi salabo abasebenza ezinhlanganweni zawo futhi basekele izisusa zawo.