I-conometics isho itshe likahulumeni wentando yeningi, ukuhunyushelwa komphakathi ukuba uthathe isinyathelo sezombangazwe. Akuyona nje indlela engokwesiko noma yokuzigcina eqenjini; kuyindlela eyinhloko izakhamuzi ezisebenzisa ngayo ubukhosi phezu kwabaholi bazo, imithetho, futhi zihlangabene ngekusasa. Kubafundisi, abafundi, namalungu onke omphakathi wentando yeningi, ukuqonda ukuthi kungani ukuvota izindaba zentando yeningi, futhi indlela yokukwenza ibaluleke kakhulu ekulondolozeni nasekuqiniseni ukuzilawula. Lesiqondiso esandisiwe sihlola ukubaluleka kokugcina i-vota, umlando osodwa, izinyathelo eziwusizo zokuphonsa ibhola, imigoqo ephikelelayo ukuze ihlanganyele, nendlela isizukulwane esilandelayo esingaphefumulelwa ngayo ukuba sithathe ingxenye.

Ukubaluleka Kokwaba Imali

Isenzo sokuvota sinesilinganiso esikhulu ngoba sihlanganisa ngokuqondile okuthandwa abantu ngabanye nokwenza izinqumo. Ngaphandle kokuvota, idemokrati isengozini ephumela ekubuseni kwemibuso yentando yeningi noma ezimisweni zempoqo lapho iqembu elincane lifuna khona isimiso. Ngezansi kunezizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani ukuvota kungangeneki emphakathini okhululekile.

Amandla Nenhlangano

Iguqula izikhonzi ezingenamsebenzi zibe izakhamuzi ezikhuthele. Uma uvota, usebenzisa amandla phezu kwezindaba ezithinta ukuphila kwakho ngokuqondile / amazinga entela, ukuxhasa imfundo, indlela yokunakekela impilo, imali esetshenziswayo, namalungelo omphakathi. Lenhlangano iqinisekisa ukuthi uhulumeni uyaqhubeka esabela ezidingweni zabantu kunokuba akhonze izithakazelo ezigxilile kuphela. Ukuhlola njalo kubonisa ukuthi abantu abavotayo basengozini kakhulu yokuhlanganyela kwezinye izindlela zokuhlanganyela kwezombangazwe, kusukela ekuthintaneni nezikhulu ezikhethiwe ukuya emihlanganweni yomphakathi.

Ukumelelwa Kwamazwi Ahlukahlukene

Idemokrasi enempilo idinga ukuba zonke izingxenye zomphakathi zibe nesihlalo esiphezulu. Ukubhalisa kuqinisekisa ukuthi amaqembu amadlana, abesifazane, abantu abasha, imiphakathi yasemaphandleni, kanye nemiphakathi yasemadolobheni angakhetha abameleli abaqonda izinselele zabo eziyingqayizivele. Uma ukuvuleka kuphakeme futhi kugcwele, uhulumeni owumphumela owengeziwe ubonisa ngokunembile ukuthi izwe lihlala ndawonye futhi liza kuqala. Ngokuphambene, ukuvuleka kwezindawo eziphansi kuthuthukisa ithonya labacebile nabavoti bemithetho, okuguqula imiphumela.

Ukulandisa Kwezikhulu Eziqashelwe

Ukukhetha kuyi-athomo lokuhlola lokugcina emandleni ezombangazwe. Ukuvota kunikeza ithuba lasikhathi sonke lokuvuza ukuhola okuphumelelayo futhi kususe labo abahluleka ukunikeza izithembiso noma ukwenza ngokumelene nesithakazelo somphakathi. Lenqubo yokulandisa yamandla ezombangazwe ukuba balalele abameleli, bathethelele izinqumo zabo, futhi balungise indlela lapho umbono womphakathi ushintsha. Ngaphandle kosongo lokuvota, izikhulu bezingeke zibe naso isikhuthazo sokukhonza noma ubani ngaphandle kokuzikhonza zona ngokwazo.

Ushintsho Lwezenhlalo Nezombangazwe

Eziningi zezikhathi zokuguqula kakhulu emlandweni − , ukuhlasela kwabesifazane, uMthetho wamalungelo omphakathi, ukulingana komshado − kwafinyelelwa ngebhokisi le-colot. Ukubhalisa kuvumela izakhamuzi ukuba zithuthukise inguquko noma ziqhubele phambili ushintsho olukhulu phakathi komthetho. Ngisho nalapho ukunqoba kunzima, isenzo sokuvota sandisa intuthuko futhi kubonisa ukuthi imfuno yomphakathi iyaqhubeka.

Umlando Wokupha Abanye Amalungelo

Ilungelo lokuvota alikaze lihlale. Kusukela e-Athene yasendulo kuze kube namuhla, umzabalazo wokufuna ukubuthelwa phansi komhlaba wonke uye waphawulwa ngezimpi ezinamandla, umthetho ophawula izenzakalo zezwe, nemizamo ephikelelayo yokuvimbela ukuthatha isinyathelo. Ukuqonda lomlando kubucayi ngoba kwembula ukuthi amalungelo okuvota ayafiphala ngomhlatshelo futhi kudinga ukuqapha njalo ukuze kulondolozwe.

Izimbangela Zokuziphendukela Kwemvelo NeRepublic Yakuqala

Phakathi nenkathi yamakoloni, ukuvota kwakulinganiselwe kubanikazi bempahla yabesilisa abamhlophe. UMthetho-sisekelo wase-U.S. ekuqaleni washiya izimfanelo zokuvota ezindaweni, okwakusho ukuthi ngisho nangemva kokuzimela, i-frankalkse yahlala incane. Abesifazane, amaMelika Omdabu, amaMelika, nabanikazi bezinto ezingezona ezenzuzo babekhishwa njalo. Ukwanda kokuqala okukhulu kwaqala ekhulwini le-19 njengoba amazwe ayesusa kancane kancane izimfuneko zempahla zamadoda amhlophe, kodwa imingcele yezinhlanga neyobulili yaqhubeka.

Izenzakalo Ezibalulekile Ekwandiseni Amalungelo E - United States

  • IsiHlumulo se-15th (1870): Inqanyulwe ngemva kweMpi Yombango, lesi sivumelwano senqabela ukunqatshelwa kwelungelo lokuvota lisekelwe ngokohlanga, ibala, noma isimo sobugqila sangaphambili. Nokho, izifunda zaseNingizimu zakhipha izintela zenhlawulo, ukuhlola kokufunda nokubhala, kanye nezimemezelo zokwahlukanisa amaBlackvota (amasunts aqhubeka cishe ikhulu leminyaka.
  • Isichibiyeli se197th (1920): Ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka abesifazane abanjengoSusan B. Anthony noAlice Paul bethatha inxaxheba, uMthetho-sisekelo washintshwa ukuze unike abesifazane ilungelo lokuvota. Noma kunjalo, abesifazane abaningi abanemibala babhekana nemigoqo eyengeziwe ngenxa yohlanga.
  • Umthetho we-Indian Citizenshiship (1924): Isizwe esivumayo kumaMelika Omdabu, kodwa amazwe amaningi asebenzisa imingcele ehlukahlukene ukuze abavimbele ekuvoteni kuze kube ngawo-1950 noma kamuva.
  • Umthetho wevoting Rights (1965): Ukusabela onyani lwamapheshana kaSelma, iziKhomishane zadlulisa lomthetho ophawulayo wokuthi ukuvota okungekho emthethweni kuvimbela ukuvota njengokuhlola ukufunda nokubhala futhi kwanikeza uhulumeni ukuqondisa kokhetho ezibusweni zomlando wobandlululo. IVRA inconyelwa kakhulu ngokubhalisa nokujikijela okusheshayo.
  • Isichibiyeli sesithathu se-26(19971): Sehlisa inkathi yokuvota yaba ngu-18, sisabela empini yokuthi abantu abasha abakhule ngokwanele ukuba balwe eMpini yaseVietnam babebadala ngokwanele ukuba bavote.
  • National Voter Religionation Act (1993): futhi yaziwa ngokuthi "Umthetho Womjongo," lomthetho obhaliwe ngokuvumela izakhamuzi ukuba zibhalise lapho zifaka noma zivuselela ilayisense yomshayeli, futhi izinketho ezigunyaziwe zokubhalisa iposi.

Ukulwela amalungelo okuvota kuyaqhubeka. Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje kuye kwaba nezindlela ezintsha zokuvimbela, kuhlanganise nemithetho ye-ID eqinile, ukususwa kwemivoti, nokulinganiselwa kokuvota kwasekuqaleni. Ukuze uthole isikhathi esibanzi, bheka iSivumelwano sesizwe samaZigcino [[FLT: 0] iSivumelwano samaLungelo [[FLT: 1].

Inqubo Yokuthutha Imikhumbi

Ukuphonsa i-collet ingabonakala iqondile, kodwa lenqubo ihilela izinyathelo eziningana ezihlukahluka ngokwezwe nendawo. Ukulungiselelwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi ivoti yakho iyasebenziseka futhi ibalwa. Ngezansi kungumqondisi ovamile, kodwa njalo hlola isikhulu sakho sokhetho lwendawo sezimfuneko ezithile.

Isinyathelo 1: Ukubhalisa

Umbuso ngamunye ngaphandle kwe-North Dakota ufuna ukuba ubhalise ngaphambi kokuvota. Ukubhalisa isikhathi kusukela ngosuku lokhetho (losuku olulodwa kwezinye izifundazwe) kuya ezinsukwini ezingu-30 ngaphambi kwalokho. Izifundazwe eziningi manje zinikeza ukubhalisa nge-intanethi, kuyilapho ezinye zidinga ifomu lephepha. Udinga ubufakazi bokuhlala nenombolo esemthethweni yokuzichaza (ngokuvamile ilayisense noma inani le-social Security). Izinhlangano ezifana ne- Headciedium[[ neNhlangano yabesifazane Voters ingasiza ngemishini yokubhalisa.

Isinyathelo Sesibili, Hlola Izimpikiswano Nezindaba

Kudingeka ukucwaninga. Ngaphandle kwemijaho ephezulu kamongameli we-cket-patial noma i-gubernarian, ama-collet avame ukuhlanganisa imincintiswano yendlu yomthetho kahulumeni, amakhomishane esifundazwe, amajaji, amabhodi esikole, nezilinganiso zebhola ezikhokhayo ezintela, intela, noma amalungelo omphakathi. Imithombo ethembekile ihlanganisa iziyalezo ezingavoti ze-partistar ekhiswe yiNhlangano yabesifazane izahluko, amawebhsayithi ohulumeni okuvota, kanye nezinhlangano ezingazuzi nzuzo njenge . org.

Isinyathelo 3: Nquma Indlela Nesikhathi Sokuzijabulisa

Izifundazwe eziningi zinikeza izindlela eziningana zokuvota:

  • Ku-u-eperson ngosuku lokhetho: izindawo zokuvota ezingokwesiko zivuliwe phakathi namahora amisiwe. Qinisekisa indawo yakho yokuvota namahora kusengaphambili.
  • Uhlelo olungaphambili:[ Izifundazwe eziningi zivumela ukuvota kumuntu inkathi ethile ngaphambi koSuku Lokhetho, ngokuvamile olunamahora athambile kakhulu nemigqa emifushane.
  • Iposi ngaphakathi noma i-Abree Voting: Ukucela ibhola lokuvota ngeposi, uligcwalise ekhaya, futhi ulibuyise ngeposi noma ngebhokisi lokulahla. Ezinye izigodi zithumela amavoti kubo bonke abavoti ababhaliwe; ezinye zidinga izaba. Ukuhlela ukulithumela kahle ngaphambi kosuku lokusebenza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufika ngesikhathi.

Uma ukuvota ngeposi, landela iziyalezo ngokucophelela: Gwema lapho kudingeka khona, sebenzisa imvilophu efanele, futhi ungafaki amachashaza angenaluphawu angalenza lingabe lisaba ngcono iloboti.

Isinyathelo 4: Phishekela Ukuqinisekisa Ukuthi Umsindo Wakho Uwufanele

Izifundazwe eziningi zinikeza amathuluzi ku-inthanethi ukuze kubhalwe i-bollet yakho yeposi futhi iqinisekise ukuthi yamukelwe futhi yamukelwa. Uma kunesignesha engafanelani noma omunye umagazini, ungathola isaziso nethuba "lokulungisa" inkinga. Ukuze uvote ku----pperson, buza isisebenzi sokuvota uma unemibuzo ngenqubo noma ngemishini.

Izinselele Zokokhela Izandla

Naphezu kwendlela okufanele uhlanganyele ngayo emhlabeni wonke, kusenezithiyo eziningi. Ezinye ziwukwakha, ezinye ngamabomu, kanti ezinye zibangelwa ukudukiswa. Ukuqaphela lezi zinselele kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuzinqoba.

Ukucindezelwa Kwegesi

Ukucindezelwa kweVoter kubhekisela emandleleni ahloselwe ukunciphisa amandla okuvota amaqembu athile, ngokuvamile amaqembu amancane ezinhlanga, abantu abasha, nezakhamuzi ezithola imali encane. Izibonelo zihlanganisa imithetho ye-ID eqinile ethinta ngokungenakuqhathaniswa izinkolo ezincane ezingatholakali kakhulu, ezisusa amavota afanele abavoti ngaphandle kwesaziso, zinciphisa amahora okuvota angaphambili ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, futhi zivala izindawo zokuvota ezindaweni ezimbalwa. Ngokwe- Brennan Center yeJaji , lemiciso iyanda eminyakeni yamuva, yenza ukuba abavoti abafanelekayo bangeneke ngokushesha.

Izithiyo Zokuthola Impumelelo

Imingcele engokomzimba neyokuvota ivimbela abaningi ekuvoteni. Izindawo zokunyemba zingaba yindawo efinyelekile kubantu abakhubazekile, ekude kakhulu nezokuthutha komphakathi, noma evuleke phakathi namahora avamile omsebenzi. Ukwenza kube nzima ngezisebenzi, abafundi, nabanakekeli. Imingcele yolimi iyaqhubeka: akuzona zonke izikhundla ezinikeza abavoti noma abahumushi ngezilimi ezingezizo zesiNgisi. IHelppect iMelika Vote Act (2002) egunyazwe ukuthi imishini yokuvota etholakala kalula, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kuyahlukahluka kakhulu.

Ukungaqondi Nokungaqondi

Ukwaziswa okungamanga ngokuthi ukuvota kungakuvimbela kanjani, nini, futhi kuphi ukuvota. Imithetho-mthetho yezenhlalo yezokuxhumana ibangela izisho ezidukisayo ezikhohlisayo cishe ngezindawo ezishintshiwe noma izimfuneko zokungatholi imvume. Ngo-2020 no-2022, ukuphikisana okusakazekile ngokuvota ngeposi kwabangela ukudideka nokungathembani. Abafundisi nabaholi bomphakathi kumelwe bahlomise abavoti ngamakhono okufunda futhi baqondise kumawebhulorho asemthethweni okukhetha.

Ukunganaki Kwezombangazwe Nokungagxeki

Abantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi abantu abadala abasha, banomuzwa wokuthi ukuvota kwabo akunandaba nokuvota ngenxa ye-gerrymandering, i-Electoral College, noma umqondo wokuthi bonke abantu abayinhloko bayafana. Lokhu kugxeka kuyazivota: uma abantu abambalwa bevota, i-vota esele ayimeleki, futhi imithetho enciphileyo ishiya i-skeutic ku-ocesssss benocenced nonamandla. UVoter uphephukela e-U.S. ilandela ezinye i-democraticism; ngokwesibonelo, iphendulela amavotime ezindawo zokuvota eziphakathi kwe-40/50%, kuyilapho amazwe amaningi aseYurophu ebona 70/80%. Ukuphula lomjikelezo kudinga ukubonisa indlela uhlelo lwesikole sendawo, imikhandlu yesikole, namajaji, kanye namajaji.)

Ukukhuthaza Abafundi

Sekuyisikhathi eside intsha inikezwa umbiko ezinhlolondweni. Nokho, uma iphumelela, ingashintsha isimiso sokhetho nokwakheka kwamashumi eminyaka ezayo. Othisha nabeluleki banendima enkulu ekwakheni imikhuba yokuvota kukho konke ukuphila. Nawa amasu avunyiwe okukhuthaza ukuthembisana kwezenhlalakahle phakathi kwabafundi esikoleni esiphakeme, esikoleni esiphakeme, nasekolishi.

Imfundo Enjengesibili eMkhandlwini

Izifundo ezifundiswayo ngendlela uhulumeni osebenza ngayo, umlando wamalungelo okuvota, nomthetho wamanje zingayisusa inqubo yezombangazwe. Imisebenzi ye-intertictive .(i-panelycot) i-collet, iphikisana ne-collet, noma ilandela isikhwama semali ngendlu yombuso (i-partime) / isiza abafundi ukuba babone ukuvota njengengxenye yesimiso esikhulu abangasithonya.

Hlela Izinhlobo Zokukhetha

Okhetho lwe-Mock bavumela abafundi ukuba bazibonele mathupha inqubo yokuvota: ukubhalisa, ukucwaninga, ukufaka ibhola lokuvota, nokubala imiphumela. Izinhlangano ezinjenge Student Mock Evolution[ zinikeza amathuluzi akhululekile namasu esifundo. Ukuvota ngokugcona ngezingxoxo zezwe langempela kwenza ukuvota kube nengqondo.

Izingxoxo Eziqondile Ngezenzakalo Zanamuhla

Zixoxe njalo izindaba zendawo, zesizwe, nezembulunga yonke endaweni ehlelekile nehloniphekile. Khuthaza abafundi ukuba babone ukuhlobana phakathi kwesimiso nokuphila kwabo, ngokwesibonelo, indlela imithetho yokuhlela indawo ethinte ngayo ukutholakala kwepaki, noma indlela izimiso zabafundi ezithinta ngayo amapulani asekolishi. Memela izikhulumi zezivakashi ezivela ezinhlanganweni zomphakathi noma kuhulumeni wendawo ukuba zihlanganyele izimo zazo.

Khuthaza Ukuhileleka Komphakathi

Imisebenzi efundwayo, ukuzinikela ekuvotelweni, noma ukuhlanganyela emikhandlwini yentsha kunikeza abafundi ulwazi olusebenzayo ekuphileni komphakathi. Izikole zingasebenza nezinzuzo ezifana Rock the Vote ukuqhuba impoqo yokubhalisa ngaphandle kwesigaba eqenjini. Ngisho njengomfundi, usiza ontanga ukuba babhalise impucuko yokuhlanganyela.

Ikusasa Lokufudumala

Ukuqonda lezi zimo kusiza othisha nabafundi ukuba balungiselele ukhetho lwekusasa.

Ukusebenza Kuyi - Internet Nokusebenzisa I - electronic

Ezinye izifunda ziye zazama ukuvota nge-inthanethi ukuze kuthathwe amasosha aphesheya kwezwe, futhi amazwe ambalwa aye abheka ukufakwa kwe-inthanethi njenge-collet. Nokho, ochwepheshe be-inthanethi baxwayisa ngokuthi akukho simiso samanje esiphephile ekugawulweni, futhi ama-collet amaphepha aseleyindinganiso yegolide yobuqotho. Izihlongozo ezisekelwe ku-Blockchain ziyahlolwa kodwa azikasetshenziswa kakhulu. Kunalokho ukuthambekela kusekubhalisweni kwemishini nokulandelela i-colletting, hhayi ukuphotha.

Ukubhalisa i Voter okuzenzekelayo (AVR)

Izifundazwe ezingaphezu kuka - 20 neSifunda saseColumbia ziye zamukela i-AVR, ngokuzenzekelayo ebhalisa izakhamuzi ezifanele lapho zisebenzelana nezinhlangano zikahulumeni ezinjenge-DMV, ngaphandle kokuba zikhethe. i-AVR iye yaboniswa ukuthi yandisa amazinga okubhaliswa futhi inciphisa amaphutha okuphatha. Abasekeli bazama ukuyandisa ezweni lonke.

Izinyathelo Zokuqala Zokudlala I - voter

Izwe lizama ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo: ukwenza i-Evotion Day yeholide lika-Hulumeni, ukwandisa amafasitela okuvota, ukunciphisa ubunkimbinkimbi obungaqondakali, nokuvota okusemthethweni. Lezi zinguquko zihlose ukwenza ukuvota kube lula futhi kube nengqondo. Othisha bangalandela izinhlelo zomshayeli futhi baxoxe ngemiphumela yabafundi.

Izinhlangano Ezisebasha

Ishukunyiswa ukuvinjelwa kwesimo sezulu, ubudlova bezibhamu, nezinhlangano zobulungisa bezenhlalo, intsha ihlelwe futhi iphithizela. Amaqembu afana noMarch ngenxa yeWethu Lives neSunrise Movement aye abhalisa izinkulungwane zabavoti futhi asiza ekushintsheni ingxoxo yezombangazwe. Izikole zingasekela lemizamo uma zingahambi ezinhlangothini, ngokunikeza indawo amaqembu aboshelwe abafundi abavoti.

Isiphetho

Ukuqamba kuyithuluzi elisebenzayo lokuguqula umphakathi nesenzo esingokomfanekiso somphakathi wentando yeningi. Kusukela ekulweni kanzima kwezizukulwane ezidlule kuya ezinkingeni zobuchwepheshe nezingokomthetho zanamuhla, ukuqapha kudinga ukuzivikela okukhutheleyo nokuhlanganyela ngamabomu. Kothisha, umsebenzi ucacile: hlobisa abafundi ngolwazi, amakhono, kanye nesikhuthazo sokuvota ngokuqiniseka. Abafundi, umyalezo uphuthuma: izindaba zakho, nebhokisi le-bholaot kulapho liphendukela khona ekulawuleni. Yenza icebo lokuvota kunoma yiluphi ukhetho, futhi ulethe umphakathi wakho.