Umsebenzi kaJury ufana nenye yezindlela eziqondile izakhamuzi ezingahlanganyela ngazo kuhulumeni wazo. Akusona nje isibopho kodwa ilungelo eliyisisekelo eliqinisekisa ukuba isimiso sobulungisa sisebenza ngemvume nangokuhileleka komphakathi. Umqondo wokwahlulelwa yijaji lontanga usukela emakhulwini eminyaka adlule futhi uhlale uyingxenye yesisekelo yentando yeningi emhlabeni wonke. Kuyi-United States, iziNkathi zeSimemezelo zeSikakhulu neseSikakhulu somthetho uqinisekisa ilungelo lokuqulwa yijaji kumacala enkantolo nasekwenzeni komphakathi. Ukuqonda indima yakho kule nqubo kusiza u-demystuve mento ebonelelayo futhi kuqokomisa ukuthi kungani inkonzo yakho iyigugu. Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukucatsha ngokucubuthelwa kwecala, kuhlanganise nokubaluleka kwayo, ukukhetha, ukuthi yini okulindele, nokuqondwa ngendlela engafanele, ukunikeza isiqinisekiso sokwenza lokhu nokuqondana.

Ukubaluleka Komsebenzi Wobusha

Umsebenzi wobujukujeku uyisisekelo sesimiso somthetho waseMelika. Uhlanganisa isimiso sokuqulwa kwecala ngokulunga, lapho abamangalelwa bahlulelwa khona yiqembu lezakhamuzi ezingakhethi. Ngaphandle kwale misebenzi eyisisekelo, umsebenzi wokwahlulela ufeza izindima eziningana ezibucayi eziqinisa impilo yesimiso sobulungisa nomphakathi.

Isivikelo Samalungelo Abantu Ngabodwa

Kusezinhliziyweni zayo, isimiso sabahluleli sivikela amalungelo abamangalelwa ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinqumo zomthetho zenziwa abantu abavamile kunokuba zenziwe yizikhulu zikahulumeni kuphela. Lokhu kuhlola okumelene nongaba yizisulu kubalulekile. Abaqondisi bahlola ubufakazi nobufakazi, besebenzisa isahlulelo sabo esihlangene ukuze banqume icala, ubumsulwa, noma isikweletu. Lenqubo isekela ukucatshangelwa kobumsulwa futhi isiza ekuvimbeleni izinkolelo ezingalungile.

Ukuhileleka Komphakathi Nemfundo Yesiphakamiso

Ukukhonza ejajini kunikeza izakhamuzi okuhlangenwe nakho kwazo siqu kwenqubo yokwahlulela. Kuveza indlela izinkantolo ezisebenza ngayo futhi kukhulise ukwazisa okujulile ngokubusa komthetho. Abasizi bavame ukuvela benokuqonda okunamandla kwamalungelo nemithwalo yabo yemfanelo. Lemfundo yomphakathi ibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenziseni idemokrasi esebenza.

Imibono Ehlukahlukene

Le mibono ehlukahlukene isiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izinqumo ziveza izindinganiso zomphakathi futhi zilinganisela kakhudlwana. Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi izigijimi ezihlukahlukene zivame ukuxoxa ngokucophelela futhi azinamathuba okubushaya indiva ubufakazi obubalulekile.

Ama - check Asebusweni Bukahulumeni

Isimiso sabahluleli senza ishende emagunyeni abamangaleli nasekwahluleleni.

Inqubo Yokukhetha IJury

Inqubo yokukhetha abajahi ibizwa ngokuthi "ingozi enkulu," igama lesiFulentshi elisho "ukukhuluma iqiniso" lesi isinyathelo esibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi abajaji bangahlala bengakhethi. Ukuqonda lenqubo kungakusiza ukuba ulungiselele uma ubizwa.

Ukuba Nesithunzi Nokukhululwa

Ukuze ukhonze eqenjini labahluleli, kumelwe uhlangabezane nezindinganiso ezithile: ukuba isakhamuzi sase-U.S., okungenani esineminyaka engu-18 ubudala, isakhamuzi sasesifundazweni sokwahlulela okungenani unyaka owodwa, futhi sikwazi ukufunda, ukubhala, nokuqonda isiNgisi ngekhono elanele. Kunemibandela yamaqembu athile, njengamalungu asebenzayo empi, izikhulu zomphakathi, nabantu abanezimo zezokwelapha ezivimbela inkonzo. Nokho, izinkantolo eziningi zibheka inkonzo yamajaji njengesibopho okufanele sihlaliswe uma kungenzeka. Ukuze kutholakale imininingwane eyengeziwe, vakashela iU.S. Ize kuwebhusayithi yeze inkonzo yezehluleli yezenkantolo yezenkantolo .]

Izifingqi

Abahluleli abangaba bathola izimemo eposini, okuyisaziso esingokomthetho esifuna ukuba bavele emsebenzini wokwahlulela. Le zicelo zihlanganisa imininingwane ngosuku, isikhathi, nendawo yenkonzo. Kubalulekile ukusabela ngokushesha, njengoba ukwehluleka ukwenza kanjalo kungaphumela ezijezisweni, kuhlanganise nokukhokhwa noma ukudelelwa kwamacala asenkantolo.

Intatheli Yombuzo

Ngaphandle kwezicelo, abasizi bejaji bangase bacelwe ukuba baqede imibuzo ukuze kutholakale ukuthi balungile yini futhi bangakhethani. Le nkinga ihlanganisa ukwaziswa okuyisisekelo kwenani labantu, inkonzo yamajaji yangaphambi kwenkonzo yejaji, nanoma yikuphi okuhlangenwe nakho okungase kuthinte ukungakhethi. Kubalulekile ukuphendula ngokwethembeka, njengoba izinkulumo ezingamanga zingaholela emiphumeleni engokomthetho.

Umsindo Ogqamile

Phakathi nenkathi ehlasimulisayo, abameli bazo zombili izinhlangothi babuza abameleli bejaji abangathola noma yikuphi ukucwasana kwesithakazelo. Le nqubo ingathatha amahora amaningana usuku lonke, kuye ngecala. Abahluleli futhi bahlanganyela ngokubuza imibuzo yokuqala kuyo yonke i-comparalife. Umgomo uwukwenza ukuba i-paneral ihluleli elinganquma icala elisekelwe kuphela ebufakazini obunikezwa enkantolo.

Izinselele Ekukhetheni

Ama-athorney angabekela inselele abangaba yijaji ngezindlela ezimbili: ukubekela imbangela nokukhululeka. Inselele yembangela yenziwa uma ijaji libonisa ubandlululo olusobala noma ukuhluleka ukungakhethi. Akukho mkhawulo kulezi zinselele. Izinselele zezentengo zivumela abameli ukuba bakhiphe ijaji ngaphandle kokunikeza isizathu, nakuba bengenakusetshenziswa ekucwaseni ngokusekelwe ehlazweni noma ebulilini. Uhlangothi ngalunye luvunyelwa ukuba lube nenani elilinganiselwe lezinselele.

Okufanele Kulindelwe Lapho Ukhonza

Ukukhonza ejajini kuyinto eyingqayizivele engathatha usuku olulodwa kuya emasontweni amaningana.

UFaro Ovelele

Uma sebekhethiwe, abasizi bejaji bayafungela futhi bathole iziyalezo ezivela kumajaji. Bangase bezwe emaphathini, kuhlanganise nommangalelwa, nabameli babo. Abameli bazofunga ukunquma icala ngokusekelwe ebufakazini. Inkantolo ingamisa futhi imithetho ngokuphathelene nemishini yezobuchwepheshe, ukuthatha amaphepha, nokusebenzelana nabanye.

Ukuqulwa Kwecala

Icala linezigaba eziningana: izinkulumo zokuvula, ukunikeza ubufakazi, ubufakazi, nezimpikiswano zokuphetha. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, abahluleli bayizilaleli ezingenzi lutho nezingqapheli. Abavunyelwe ukuxoxa ngecala nanoma ubani, kuhlanganise nomphathi womthetho abakanye naye, kuze kube yilapho kuqala iziphetho. Izimiso zokuqulwa kwamaphuzu ziyahluka kwenkantolo, kodwa eziningi ziyakuvumela. Abagcini-jaji kufanele baqaphele bonke ubufakazi nobufakazi.

Ukuzimisela:

Ngemva kokuzwa icala nokwamukela iziyalezo zokugcina kujaji, abasizi bejaji bathatha umhlala-phantsi wegumbi lomuntu siqu ngamabomu. Lapha kulapho kwenziwa khona izinqumo ezisebenzayo. Abasizi-mkhandlu kumelwe baxoxe ngobufakazi, balinganise imibono engafani, futhi basebenze ndawonye ukuze bafinyelele isahlulelo. Ezimweni eziningi, isinqumo kumelwe sihlangane. Ezimweni eziningi, iningi elidingekayo lingase lihlukane.

Ukufihla Izindaba Nokuzihlela

Kudingeka abagcini bezindaba zomthetho ukuba bagcine izingxoxo eziphathelene necala ziyimfihlo kuze kuphele icala. Emacaleni athile aphakeme, umahluleli angayala ukuba kuthathwe isigwebo, okusho ukuthi abagcini bejaji bahlukanisiwe nomphakathi nemithombo yezindaba ukuze baqinisekise ukungakhethi. Lokhu akuvamile kodwa kungenzeka. Inkantolo inikeza iziyalezo ngokuziphatha phakathi nokuhlola.

Ukuthola Izindawo Zokuhlala

Abaqashi bathola isinxephezelo esilinganiselwe senkonzo yabo, esihlukahluka ngenkantolo. Abasizi bejaji bathola ama-50 (R150) ngosuku, kuyilapho izinkantolo zikahulumeni zivame ukukhokha imali enciphile. Abanye abaqashi banikeza ikhefu elikhokhelwa umsebenzi wokwahlulela, kodwa lokhu akufunwa umthetho kahulumeni. Izinkantolo ngokuvamile zinikeza izimali zokupaka imoto noma izimpahla zokuthutha zomphakathi. Kubalulekile ukuhlola nomqashi wakho ngokuphathelene nenqubo yabo. Ukuze uthole imininingwane eningi, Inhlangano ye-American Bank Bar Association inikeza isiqondiso esibanzi emsebenzini wejaji .

Izinganekwane Ezivamile Ngobufazi

Ukuyeka lezi zinganekwane kungakusiza ukuba uqonde inkonzo yakho ngokucace kakhudlwana.

Inkolelo - ze 1: Ukuhlanganyela EbuJuli Kuyakhethwa

Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi umsebenzi wokwahlulela uyinto yokuzikhethela noma ukuthi bangakugwema kalula. Eqinisweni, umsebenzi wokwahlulela uyisibopho somphakathi. Ukwehluleka ukuvela ngemva kokubizwa kungaphumela ezijezisweni ezingokomthetho ezinjengenhlawulo, ukudelelwa kwenkantolo, noma ngisho nemvume yokuboshwa kwakho. Izinkantolo zinikeza indawo yokuhlala ebunzimeni obungokomthetho, kodwa ukumane ungazinaki izimemo akuyona indlela yokuzikhethela.

Inganekwane 2: Kukhethwa Abantu Abathile Kuphela

Enye inganekwane iwukuthi abantu abanezizinda ezithile noma amazinga emfundo kuphela abakhethelwa ukuthatha izigijimi. Eqinisweni, noma isiphi isakhamuzi esifanelekayo singabizelwa ukuba sisebenzele umsebenzi wokwahlulela. Umgomo uwukuba ummeleli onqamule uhlangothi lomphakathi. Ama-athorney angabekela inselele abathile abameleli, kodwa i-pat component ithathwa ekubhalisweni komvoti naku-layisense yabashayeli, kuqinisekiswe izinhlobonhlobo zezindawo.

Inkolelo - ze 3: Ukukhonza Eholidini Kuyasithukuthelisa

Abantu abaningi balindele ukuba umsebenzi wejaji uyoba isicefe futhi ungabi nazici ezizihambelayo. Nokho, abasizi abaningi bathola okuhlangenwe nakho kuhilelekile futhi kufundisa. Ukulingwa kuvame ukuhlanganisa ubufakazi obuthakazelisayo, futhi umthwalo wemfanelo wokunquma icala ungashukumisa ingqondo. Nakuba kungase kube nezikhathi zokulinda, ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo phakathi nokuqubuka nokucabangisisa ngokuvamile kuyavuza.

Inganekwane 4: Abahlebi Banquma Njalo Ukuba Necala Noma Ukungabi Nacala

Inkolelo eyisimo eyisitha ukuthi zonke izijaji zinquma amacala obugebengu. Eqinisweni, amajaji asebenza nasemacalani omphakathi, lapho anquma khona icala nezingozi ezimpikiswaneni phakathi kwamaqembu. Ngokwesibonelo, ijaji lomphakathi lingase linqume ukuthi inkampani inecala lomkhiqizo okhubazekile nokuthi ikweletani. Zombili izinhlobo zejaji zibalulekile esimisweni sobulungisa.

Inkolelo - ze 5: Akunakuthethelelwa Ubunzima

Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi ayikho indlela yokugwetshwa emsebenzini wejaji ngisho noma kubangela ubunzima obukhulu. Nakuba izinkantolo zifuna inkonzo, zivumela ukuhlehliswa noma ukukhishwa kwenkululeko ngenxa yezizathu ezizwakalayo ezinjengokugula, imithwalo yemfanelo yokunakekela, noma ubunzima obungokwezimali. Kumelwe ucele le zincwadi futhi unikeze imibhalo. Izinkantolo zivame ukuvumelana nezicelo ezinengqondo ukuze ziqinisekise ukuthi kulungile.

Izinhlobo Zamajuri: Amajurie Amakhulu Ne - Petit Juries

Emithethweni yaseMelika, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zejaji: izigebengu eziphambili neziqu zamacala agqitshwayo. Ukuqonda lomehluko kubalulekile kunoma ubani ohileleke enkonzweni yamajaji.

IGrand Juries

Izehlulelo ezinkulu zisetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko emacaleni obugebengu kahulumeni ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kunobufakazi obanele yini bokumangalela umsolwa nokuqhubeka icala. Ngokungafani nezigila-jaji ezithiwa amacala anecala, izigebengu ezinkulu azinqumi icala noma ubumsulwa. Zihlanganisa izijaji ezingu-16 kuya ku-23 futhi zihlangana ngasese, ngokuvamile ngezikhathi ezithé xaxa. Iziqulo ezinkulu zamajaji ziyimfihlo ukuvikela idumela lommangalelwa futhi zikhuthaza ofakazi ukuba bafakaze ngokukhululekile. Amalungu ejaji elikhulu azwa ubufakazi obunikezwa abashushisi kanye namavoti ukuthi kufanele akhiphe icala noma cha.

Amajaji E - petit

Amajaji aphambili, aziwa nangokuthi amajaji aqulwayo, yilokho abantu abaningi abakucabangayo lapho bezwa "imisebenzi yokujezisa." Lemiyalo yahlulelo ngokuvamile ihlanganisa abahluleli abayisithupha kuya kwabangu-12 abezwa ubufakazi phakathi nokuqulwa kwecala bese bebophula ngamabomu. Amajaji asetshenziswa kokubili ezinkantolo zobugebengu nasemacaleni amacala asemthethweni. Emacalani obugebengu, isahlulelo kumelwe sihlangane enkantolo kahulumeni nasezindaweni eziningi. Ezimweni zomphakathi, iningi elidingekayo lingase lihlukane. Izikhulu zejaji zikhonza ngenkathi yokuqulwa kwecala, ezingathatha usuku nosuku. [[FLT:] iSikhungo seSikhungo seSizwe seNkathilo seNkathi [FLT]

Izinselele Nemivuzo Yenkonzo Yokuzigcina

Nakuba umsebenzi wokuvuna uyinto ehloniphekile emphakathini, uhambisana nezinselele.

Ukuzibophezela Ngesikhathi

Inselele enkulu kakhulu isibopho sesikhathi. Umsebenzi kaJury ungathatha isikhathi eside kunalokho okulindelekile, ikakhulukazi ezicabeni eziyinkimbinkimbi. Lokhu kungaphazamisa umsebenzi, umkhaya, namacebo omuntu siqu. Nokho, izinkantolo eziningi zizama ukunciphisa iziphazamiso ngokunikeza usuku olulodwa noma uhlelo lwezimboni, lapho ukhonza khona usuku olulodwa noma ulwecala elilodwa eliphelele. Ukuqonda lokhu kungakusiza ukuba uhlele ngokuvumelana nalokho.

Ithonya Elingokomzwelo

Olunye uvivinyo luhlanganisa ubufakazi obucacile, ubufakazi obungokomzwelo, noma izindaba ezithinta inhliziyo. Lokhu kungaba nzima ukusingatha. Abaduduzi bangase babhekane nokucindezeleka noma inhlekelele enzima. Kubalulekile ukunakekela impilo yakho yengqondo. Izinkantolo eziningi zinikeza izinkonzo zokweluleka abahluleli ngemva kokuqulwa kwecala. Ukuxoxa ngemizwa yakho nabathandekayo (ngaphandle kokuphula imfihlo) kungasiza.

Imivuzo Yenkonzo

Naphezu kwezinselele, inkonzo yamajaji inikeza imivuzo ejulile. Unikela ngokuqondile ekuqondiseni ukwahlulela futhi uvikela amalungelo ontanga yakho. Kungaba okuhlangenwe nakho kokufunda okujulisa ukuqonda kwakho isimiso somthetho. Izikhulu eziningi zamajaji zibika umuzwa wokwaneliseka nokuziqhenya ngokuhlanganyela enqubweni enjalo ebalulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhonza ejajini kungaba ukukhululeka kwenqubo futhi kube ithuba lokuhlangana nabantu abahlukahlukene emphakathini wakini.

Amalungelo Nemithwalo Yemfanelo Eqotho

Njengejaji, unamalungelo athile, njengawokukhululeka ekuphindiseleni kwabaqashi abasebenza ejaji. Izigodlo eziningi zinemithetho evikela umsebenzi wakho phakathi nenkonzo yamajaji. Unelungelo lokucela indawo yokuhlala uma ukhubazekile. Imithwalo yemfanelo ihlanganisa ukugcina isikhathi, ukunaka, nokungakhethi. Akumelwe uxoxe ngecala nonoma ubani ongaphandle kwejaji noma ocwaninga ngokwakhe. Ukuphula umthetho kungaholela ekutholeni isigwebo esingafanele noma emiphumeleni engokomthetho.

Isiphetho

Umsebenzi we-Jury uyingxenye ebalulekile yesimiso sobulungisa enika izakhamuzi amandla okuhlanganyela ekuqungeni okungokomthetho. Ukuqonda indima yakho, inqubo yokukhetha, nalokho okulindele kungasiza ekunciphiseni okuhlangenwe nakho futhi unciphise ukukhathazeka. Nakuba kungase kudinge isikhathi nomzamo, ikhono lokukhonza njengejaji liyilungelo elisekela ukubusa ngentando yeningi nokungakhethi. Uma uthola ithuba lokunikela emphakathini wakho nenqubo yokwahlulela. Uma uthola izicelo, khumbula ukuthi ukuhlanganyela kwakho kuqinisekisa ukuthi isimiso sisebenza kubo bonke abantu. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, thintana nemithombo enikezwa yi-U. iNkantolo yaseMelika, iNhlangano ye-American Bar, noma i-webhsite yenkantolo yendawo.