Okwenza Imithetho Yokubala Ibaluleke Ukuze Kutholakale Imininingwane Enembile

Imininingwane yenani yakha umgogodla wokubusa kwentando yeningi, ukuhlelwa kwezomnotho, nesimiso somphakathi. Ngayo yonke iminyaka eyishumi (noma ngayinye eyisihlanu kweminye izizwe), imikhaya idingwa umthetho ukuba inikeze ukwaziswa komuntu siqu okuningiliziwe(amagama, iminyaka, imisebenzi, iholo, inzuzo, nezinye. Ngaphandle kwesivikelo esiqinile esingokomthetho salabo abahlolwayo, ukuthatha igalelo lingancipha futhi linciphe. Izivikelo ezingokomthetho azivikeli abantu ngabanye ekulimaleni kodwa ziqinisekisa futhi ukuthi ohulumeni bangabeka imithombo yemithetho, badwebe imingcele yemithetho, futhi balinganisele imingcele yezehlaka. Ukuqonda lezi sivikelo esingokomthetho kugxeka abakhiqinisi bemithetho, abacwaningi, nezakhamuzi ezithembele ekubalelweni kwabantu.

Kulelikhulu leminyaka elidlule, amazwe aye amisa imithetho eqinile enqabela ukuvezwa kwemininingwane esobala yokubalwa kwabantu. Lemithetho iqiniswa ngezindlela zobuchwepheshe ezinjengokungabonwa kwabantu ngabanye, ukubekwa kwezindaba ezihlukene, nemithetho evimbela ukutholakala kwezindawo. Uma abantu bethemba ukuthi ukwaziswa kwabo kuhlala kuyimfihlo, basengozini kakhulu yokuphendula ngobuqotho, futhi bavumela izibalo ezinembile ezidingekayo ekumeleni idemokrati yentando yeningi. Lesi sihloko sihlola izisekelo ezingokomthetho, izivikeli zobuchwepheshe, kanye nezinselele ezikhona emhlabeni wonke eziveza amalungelo okubala abantu.

Ukuthuthuka Okungokomlando Kwemithetho Yokubala

Ukubalwa kwabantu kwanamuhla kwaqalwa ngekhulu le-18 nele-19 njengendlela elula yokubala ikhanda. Inani labantu eliqalayo lalivame ukunyathelisa ukwaziswa komuntu ngamunye, kuhlanganise namagama namakheli, emibhalweni enyathelisiwe. Izinkinga zomuntu siqu zavela lapho ohulumeni beqala ukuqoqa ukwaziswa okuningiliziwe kwezezomnotho. Ngokwesibonelo, iUnited States, yaba nomphumela wokungaguquguquki ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 leminyaka lapho ababalwayo bebuza imibuzo engathi bakhubazekile mayelana nokukhubazeka nemali yomuntu siqu. Ngokuphendula, iKhomisha yadlulisela umthetho wokuqala wemfihlo yezentengiselwano yeze-mali ngo-199999, kamuva eyaqala isihloko 13 se-U.. [Umthetho we-UFLT:]]

Amanye amazwe alandela ama-tratoritor afanayo. iCanada yamisa i-Act yokuqala yezibalo ngo-1918, yaqiniswa ngo-1975 ngemva kokuphikisana ngokukhishwa kwezimiso zokubala. I-United Kingdom’s Censues Act ka-1920 yahlanganisa izigijimi eziyimfihlo ezaqiniswa ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II. Izimiso zomhlaba wonke, njenge United Nations Fundamental Principleges of Observal Statistic Act (eDintelligency 1994), manje ifuna ukuba izinhlangano zezibalo ziqoqe imininingwane yezibalo kuphela ngenjongo yokulinganisela futhi zivikele izibalo. Le zenzakalo ezingokomlando zibonisa ukuqashelwa kwembulunga yonke: ukuba abantu bezwe lidinga isivikelo esingokomthetho.

Namuhla, cishe zonke izizwe ezinamanani ziye zahlanganisa imithetho enqabela ukuvezwa okungagunyaziwe kokwaziswa okungaqondakali. Izijeziso zisukela ekuhlawulweni okukhulu kuya ekuboshweni, zikhomba ukungathi sína kwesibopho. Lokhu kuziphendukela kwemvelo kusukela encwadini evulekile kuya ekusithekeni okuqinile kubonisa ushintsho olujulile endleleni izinhlangano ezilinganisela ngayo isidingo somphakathi sokuthola ukwaziswa nelungelo lomuntu lokuba angabonwa.

Isihluthulelo Sokuvikelwa Ngokomthetho Ngezwe

E - United States: Isihloko 13 Nangemva Kwaso

Isisekelo sezindaba zomphakathi wase-U.S. singu- Isihloko 13 se-United States Code. Lomthetho unqabela i-Census Bureaual ukuba ikhiphe noma yikuphi ukwaziswa okungaveza umuntu ngamunye noma ibhizinisi. Ukujezisa kuyajeziswa iminyaka emihlanu ejele nemali enhle kakhulu. Izisebenzi zonke ze-Cuffalisa zobuPropuni kumelwe zenze isifungo sokuphila konke sokusekela iSihlomo 13, futhi ziphule iziphaka. Umthetho ubuye uvimbele ezinye izinhlangano zikahulumeni (* ukugcinwa komthetho nezikhulu zokuthunyelwa kwemithetho kanye nokuthunyelwa kwemithetho.). Akukho myalo wenkantolo, u-Propoena, noma umthetho kamongameli ungacindezela ukukhishwa kokwaziswa okusobala.

Ngaphezu kwesihloko 13, [[FLT: 0] i-Conferidial Information Protection and Statistical Ectical Act (CIPSEA) ka-2002 iqinisa isivikelo semfihlo kuzo zonke izinhlangano zezibalo zikahulumeni. I-Censure Bureaunication inamathela futhi ku- [[[FLT:]Priviateal Act ka- 1974 Act [[FLT]] nomthetho we-Government ka-okstry ka-2002] wokuphathwa kwemininingwane nokhuseleko. Impikiswano yamuva nje, njengo-20 20 izama ukwenezela lemibango yokwabeko, iye yavimbele kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi iyakubhuntshisa futhi i-oka i-Titting.[5]

I - European Union: I - GDPR Ne - Statistical Ehlukile

Ku-European Union, i-General Data Protection Regation (GDPR) [I-Regation (EU) 2016/6769) inikeza uhlelo olubanzi lwendlela yokuvikela imininingwane yomuntu siqu, kuhlanganise nemininingwane yokubala. ISiqephu se-GDPR esingu-89 se-GPR sivumela amalungu ukuba asebenzise ukwaziswa komuntu siqu ngezinjongo zezibalo ezinikezelwe ukuba izivikelo ezifanelekile zibekwe endaweni (*] njenge-patriumum, ggate, nemithetho ye-reaunion. Imithetho kazwelonke emazweni e-EU (umz., i-Grango-Lemeya-Let ngokomthetho yaseJalimane e-Octrivel e-Olisttical) esebenza kulohlelo.

Izimiso ze-GDPR ezisemqoka ekubaleni imfihlo zihlanganisa: ukunciphiswa kwemininingwane (kuhlanganisa kuphela okudingekile), ukulinganiselwa kwenjongo (ukusebenzisa ukwaziswa kuphela kwezibalo), ukunciphisa ukugcinwa (ukugcina noma ukufinyela imniningo lapho ifezekile), kanye nokulandisa (izimiso zokufuna ukukhonzwa). I-GDPR futhi iphonsa amafafa anzima kakhulu ekuphuleni (awunyuselweni kwemiyadiyuziyamu noma 4% yokuguqukela embulungeni yonke. Lokhu kwakha isisusa esinamandla sezinhlangano zezibalo (I-NTS) ukuze kugcinwe izinhlelo zemfihlo eziqinile. Umthetho ungatholakala usebenzisa [[[FLT: 0] I-URRR [imibhalo ye-GPR][FLT:[FF1]

ECanada: Izibalo Act kanye nobalo olude

I-Act’s Canada’s Act Act [R.S.C.] [R.1], 1985, c. S-19] iqinisekisa ukugcinwa kokwaziswa okunikezwa i-Statistic Canada. I-Act ithi akukho mininingwane yomuntu engakhululwa, futhi zonke izisebenzi kumelwe zifunge ukuthi zikhokhwa. Ukujeza kufanelwe ukuhlawuliswa noma ukuboshwa. Unyaka ka-2010 kushintshela ekubenilwa konyaka olunesibopho olude kuya ku-unyaka weSifunda sesizwe sesizwe esifundisa isifundo esibuhlungu: inguquko yokuzithandela yayinempendulo ephansi nezinga eliphansi kakhulu lokwaziswa, okuholela ekuhlinzweni kukahulumeni ngo-2015. Umthetho wenguquko ende waphinde wabuyiselwa ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi isivikelo esiqinile somthetho sodwa singesodwa futhi singesodwa. [Bheka noMthetho we-Act:[Foct:] [Foct:]

E - United Kingdom: Isinyathelo Sokubala Nokufihla

Ku-UK, [[FLT: 0] uMthetho ka-1920 ekuqaleni wabekwa ifa kodwa futhi wasungula umsebenzi wokufihla imfihlo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lowomsebenzi uye waqiniswa noMthendeleko weNkonzo [[FLT:] Umthetho], owasungula i-UK i-Authority Authority futhi wagunyaza ukuba imininingwane yokubala kwabantu igcinwe ilondekile iminyaka eyikhulu ngaphambi kokuba kukhululwe amarekhodi angokomlando. Ihhovisi le-National Statistics (ONS) lisebenzisa izindlela zokulawula ukuchaza okungafihliwe, ukuhlanganisa ulwazi, nokuvimbela ukufinyelela okungavunyelwe. Ukuboshwa komthetho kungahlanganisa ukuboshwa. I-ONSCTROMETR: [5]

IAustralia: Umthetho Wokubalwa Nezibalo Nempikiswano Yokwaziswa Ka - 2016

I- I-Census ne-Atistics Act 1905 ikwenza kube yicala ukukhipha noma yikuphi ukwaziswa okuhlukanisayo. I-Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) inesimiso esiqinile se-open, kodwa i-2016 Centre yabhekana nempikiswano enkulu lapho imemezela ukuthi i-ABS izogcina amagama namakheli afinyelela eminyakeni emine esikhundleni sokuzibhubhisa ngemva kokuzilungisa. Ukukhala komphakathi kwaphoqa ukuba i-ABS izibophe ngokwayo ukuba ibulale ngokomthetho imininingwane yomuntu siqu ngemva kweminyaka emibili. Isehlakaze ukuthenjelwa komphakathi futhi ibambe ukukhululwa kwemininingwane ethile. I-ABS ibilokhu iqinisa ukukhulumisana kwayo. Indlela yayo yamanje igcwele [FLB:]

Izivikelo Zobuchwepheshe Nezobuqondisi

Isivikelo esingokomthetho sodwa asinele. Izinhlangano zezibalo zisebenzisa izindlela zobuchwepheshe nezezokuphathwa kwezwe ezihlukahlukene ukuze zivimbele ukuvezwa ngengozi noma ngamabomu kwezimpawu ezisabelayo.

Ukuqanjwa Kwemininingwane Nokuhlangana

Inqubo eyisisekelo kakhulu ukunyathelisa ukwaziswa ngendlela ehlukile. Amathebula abikela ingqikithi, isilinganiso, noma amaphesenti ezindawo zendawo (njengezingxenye, amapheshana, noma izifunda) ayifihlekile iminikelo ngayinye. Imishini futhi icindezela amanani amancane (umz., uma iqembu linabambalwa kunayishumi abaphendulayo) ukuvimbela ukuhlukanisa nge- “inkathi yokuphindwa kabusha.” Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobonhlobo ezinjengeminyaka eqondile noma iholo zingabhalwa ngombhalo ophezulu noma ngemibhalwe phansi ukuze kunciphe i-odate. I-Antonymation iqinisekisa ukuthi ngisho noma othile efinyelela ekwazini okukhishwe, ngeke axhumane ukusabela okukhethekile kumuntu owaziwayo.

Isikhathi Somuntu Esihlukile

Ngo-2020, i-Cuensure Bureau yase-U.S. yavunyelwa ukubala okungafani yimfihlo [ (DP] ngokokuqala ngqá ekwakheni kwayo isikhathi sokuthatha inani labantu. DP ihlanganisa ukwenezela umsindo ohlelwe kahle emininingwaneni enyathelisiwe ukuze ivikele amarekhodi ezincwadi ngamanye kuyilapho igcina ukunemba okuphelele. Lokhu kusetshenziswa kwe-Dreaspital kubizwa ngokuthi i-Daspective System (ukuvimbela i-DP) yomini enzima nokugxeka ngokunciphisa inzuzo yemininingwane emincane. Amanye amazwe, kuhlanganise ne-Canada, ahlola i-DP ukuze athole inani le-DP. Lokhu kuveza ngokwezibalo kufaka izingozi ye-id-expresstion, ngisho nangezithanento yokwaziswa eziyindishosho.

Abalawuli Abangenayo Nokugcina Okulondekile

I-micrometa eshaywe igcinwe ezindaweni ezihlukanisiwe, ezifihlwe nge-inthanethi. Abacwaningi abanezifungo ezikhethekile kuphela abangathola i-data yemisebenzi yezibalo evunyelwe. I-Censussion Bureauter esebenza ngeFederal Statistical Data Center (FSDCs) lapho abacwaningi abagunyaziwe bengahlaziya khona imininingwane elondekile, ebhekiswe endaweni ezungezile. Izimiso zokufinyelela ezikude (umz., ngokusebenzisa i-Cential Bureault Bureaults ezigunyaziwe [[FLT:]]] i-Mobiletassical Sy System Systems [ noma i-UK’UFLTY] Abacwaningi beze-UFFFFOLD [F:2]] Amandla okuhlola indawo ezungezile, i-octivectives, i-octivectivectives, i-octivectives, i-octivesss, i-octivectivet

Imikhankaso Nokubambisana

Izinhlangano ezisekela izibalo zingaphansi kokuhlola kwangaphakathi nokungaphandle njalo. E-United States, i-National Institute of Difectal and Technology (I-NIST) yenza ukuhlola kokwengamela i-inthanethi, neHhovisi loMhloli jikelele lihlola ukuqhekeka kwemininingwane. I-GDPR iqinisekisa ukuthi izimfuneko ze-DPR zoMnyango wokuzivikela i-DPOS futhi ifuna amanxusa agcina amarekhodi emisebenzi yokuhlola. Futhi amazwe amaningi anezikhulu zezindaba zomuntu siqu ezingase-mzithebeni ezingaphenyi futhi zifake izijekezo zomthetho.

Ukubaluleka Kwesivikelo Sokuba Wedwa Ukuze Ube Neqiniso Lokubhala

Ukuthembana kuyimali yokubalwa kwabantu. Uma abantu bekholelwa ukuthi ukwaziswa kwabo kuyosetshenziselwa izinjongo zokulinganisela kuphela futhi kugcinwe kuphephile ezinhlanganweni zikahulumeni (njengezikhulu zentela noma amaphoyisa) noma izinkampani ezizimele, basengozini enkulu yokuhlanganyela futhi baphendule ngokunembile.

Ngokwesibonelo, inani labalinganiselwa ku-2020 e-U.S. labhekana nezinselele ezingavamile ngenxa yombuzo wesizwe owazanywayo kanye nobhadane lwe-COVOID-19. I-Census Bureau yalinganisela ukuthi uma bekungahlanganisiwe umbuzo wesizwe, inani eliphansi labantu abangezona izakhamuzi ne-Hispanic belingaba amaphuzu amaningana aphakeme. Ukwaziswa okunembile kubalulekile ukuze kuboniswe ngendlela elungile: izihlalo ze-palipiya, izinqubo zemali, kanye nezigodi zikahulumeni zonke zixhomeke ekubalekeni. Isivikelo semfihlo singabalulekanga nje kuphela, hhayi nje ukufaneleka okungokomthetho.

Ubufakazi bezizwe zonke busekela lokhu kuxhumana. ECanada, ukushintshela ekubaleni abantu ngokuzithandela okuthatha isikhathi eside kwabangela ukuba amazinga okusabela ehle kusukela kwabangaphezu kuka-99% kuya kwabangaphansi kuka-77% ngenxa yezihloko eziningi kakhulu. Ukwaziswa okwaba umphumela kwakungenakwethenjelwa kangangokuthi i-Statistic Canada yayingakhiqizi izibalo ezithembekile ezincane ezigciniwe. Izinkinga zemfihlo zaziyimbangela eyinhloko ekhonjwa yizindaba zomuntu siqu ezingezona eze-o-omschemist. Ukubuyiselwa kwesibopho sokusebenza kwe-omfunda-data okuthiwe ngezinsiba eziqinile. Ngokufanayo, eNetherlands, lokhu kubalwa kwabantu bekungasekelwe emabhalisaneni ezisebenzini zombuso kunokuba kusungulwe ngendlela yendabuko, ukunciphisa izindaba zomuntu siqu kodwa ukwandisa izindaba ezintsha ezihlangeneyo okumelwe ziqondiswe ngokomthetho.

Izinselele Nezimpikiswano

Naphezu kwemithetho eqinile, ukubala abantu ngezikhathi ezithile kubhekene nezinselele eziqhubekayo ezibangelwa ukuphazamisa kwezombangazwe, ukushintsha kwezobuchwepheshe nokuwohloka okungalindelekile.

Umbuzo Wokuba Izakhamuzi E - United States Ngo - 2020

Ngo-2019, iziphathimandla zeTrump zazama ukunezela umbuzo mayelana nesikhundla sesizwe ekubaleni kwabantu abangu - 2020. Abaphikisi baphikisa ngokuthi lokhu kwakuzobangela ukuba inani eliphansi kakhulu labafuduki nabemi base-Hispanic, kwephule umsebenzi womthetho-sisekelo we-Census Bureau wokuqhuba “i-propatial.” INkantolo ePhakeme ekugcineni yavala lombuzo, ithola ukuthi ukuthethelela kwabaphathi okwakushiwo ukuthi kwakungokombhalo. Icala laqokomisa ukuthi ukuba khona kwesivikelo esingokomthetho (Isihloko 13) kungalulazwa kanjani uma umphakathi uqaphela ukuthi ukwaziswa kungahlanganyelwa nezinye izinhlangano cishe kungenakho ngokomthetho. Impikiswano yaze yaphelelwa futhi idinga ukudluliswa okukhulu ukuze iqinisekise imiphakathi.

Ukuhlasela Kwemininingwane Nezingozi Zokuphepha

Alukho uhlelo olungagonyelwa ukuphuka. Ngo-2018, i-Opastics Canada yavuma isenzakalo sokwehluleka kwe-computersecurency ukuthi kungenzeka i-CMBS ichaye iziqinisekiso zezisebenzi (ayinakho ukwaziswa). I-Ural Censuescs yavalwa ngenxa yokuncishwa kwe-of-service, futhi ukwaziswa komuntu siqu kwagcinwa isikhathi eside kunakuqala. Ngo-2020, i-UK ONS yabika ukuthi umcwaningi othile ngokunokwenzeka wayene-microscome ngokwephula umthetho (nabokungekho bufakazi bokukhipha ukwaziswa okungatholakali). Isenzakalo ngasinye sidinga ukuphenywa ngokushesha, ukubika komphakathi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ikhambiso lokubuyisela ukwethemba.

Ukulinganisela Ukubona Okuqondile Nokuyimfihlo

Kukhona ukungezwani okungokwemvelo phakathi kwelungelo lomphakathi lokuhlola imiphumela yokubalwa kwabantu kanye nesidingo sokuvikela imfihlo yomuntu ngamunye. Amanxusa ezibalo kumelwe anikeze ukwaziswa okwanele kubacwaningi abazimele ukuze baphinde benze imiphumela, kodwa akhiphe imininingwane eminingi kakhulu (umz., imicrodata ehambisana nokuhlelwa kwendawo) izingozi zokuphinde ihlolwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwemininingwane eyenziwe (eveziweyo evezwe ngokwezimo ze-tekthimethiyu elingisa izakhiwo zemininingwane yemininingwane yangempela) kuyikhambi elivelayo. I-ACPUPUCPC ibuye ikhiphe i- “Public Lice Use User Uniccial Documentationsme preaders" (PMS) enezignotection ehlaneke ngokumayela kanye nezimo efihlwayo. Ukuhweba okusuka phakathi kwemininingwane yezente nasese yasese nemficile.

Ukubambisana Kwezizwe Zonke Nemininingwane

Ukwaziswa kokubala kunenzuzo yomhlaba wonke yokucwaninga ngokufuduka, impilo, nentuthuko yezomnotho. I-United Nations Statistical Division ithuthukisa izindinganiso nge- UN Confectrivement of Offcial Statistics, okudinga ukuba nemfihlo. Nokho, ukunqamqela kwemininingwane ye-EU-US Conference Frame somgame (umthengisiss Realhover) ayisebenzi ngokuqondile ekubaleleni ulwazi, oluthi lungangeniswe emithethweni yezentengo ethunyelwayo. Izinhlangano ze Staticalism ngezinye izikhathi zihlanganyela imicrome eqinile evimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwemithetho yesizwe futhi idinga ukunamathela kwemithetho yesizwe. Ingqungqungquthelana ye-Oligist yaziwayo engokomhlaba wonke lapho inakekela i-mfihlosi. I-techtechismsswoodsssssss eqoqwe ngemist tractived travotion, ngokusebenza ngokusebenza ngokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo kwezizwe jikelele.

Ukuphoqelelwa Nokujeziswa Ngenxa Yokwephula

Ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi uyalalela, amazwe abeka izijeziso ezinzima ngenxa yokuthola ukwaziswa kokubala kwabantu okungekho emthethweni.

  • United States:[ Iminyaka efinyelela kwemihlanu ukuboshwa kanye nohlawumbi olunguR250 000 ngokuphulwa kwesihloko ngasinye 13.
  • I-Eupanean Union:[ ngaphansi kwe GDPR, kuze kube izigidi ezingu-20 noma 4% ye-pareji yembulunga yonke ngonyaka; amazwe ngamanye anganezela izijeziso zobugebengu zokwephula izibalo.
  • Canada:[ Imali elungile engafinyelela kuR5 000 (isiqinisekiso) noma ukuboshwa iminyaka engu-R150 000 nangu-3 (icala elinecala).
  • Umbuso weUnited Kingdom: Ngaphansi kohlelo lokubala, izijeziso zihlanganisa amafa afinyelela ku $($1,000) ku-okanye ukungangeni mvume; ngokwembulo engekho emthethweni, ukuboshelwa ejele iminyaka efinyelela kwemibili ngaphansi kwe-Opastics kanye noMthetho we-Recomputer Service Act.
  • [ Australia: Izikhonkwane zemali engagunyaziwe [R2,60] ukuthulula ulwazi olusemthethweni; i-ABS ingathatha futhi isinyathelo sokuyala izisebenzi.

Lezizijeziso zisebenza kokubili eziqashweni nakunoma iliphi iqembu lesithathu (kuhlanganise abagebethi noma izintatheli) abathola ukwaziswa kokubala okungekho emthethweni.

Iziyalezo Zesikhathi Esizayo

Izinqubo eziningana zizohlela isizukulwane esilandelayo sesivikelo:

  • [ Imfihlo yasese ngalé kwe-U.S. - Amazwe amaningi cishe azothatha iziqinisekiso ezingokomthetho ze-DP zokulinganisela nokufaka izingozi ze-bop. Inselele kukufundisa abasebenzisi bemininingwane ngezakhiwo zezibalo ezinomsindo.
  • Imininingwane ephetheyo ukuhlanganiswa – izizwe eziningi (umzk., iNetherlands, amazwe ase-Nordic) kakade asebenzisa amaphepha okubhalisa esikhundleni sezimo ezingokwesiko. Lokhu kunciphisa umthwalo kwabaphenduli kodwa kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka okuyimfihlo ngokuxhumanisa imininingwane ezingosini zikahulumeni zokugcina ulwazi. Izisekelo ezingokomthetho kumelwe zivele zihlanganiselwe ekusebenziseni ulwazi lwendawo olwengeziwe lokuphatha ezinjongoni zezibalo.
  • ukhuni nosakaza ama-paster - Izimiso ze-Expisional zingavumela abantu ukuba balawule imvume yokusebenzisa ukwaziswa, nakuba ukuqapha nokuphepha kuhlala kuyimibuzo evulekile.
  • ukugcinwa kwamandla ezokuxhumana nomphakathi - Izimo ze-APUUIRP kuzodingeka zifake izimali emfundweni yomphakathi ngesivikelo samanje, ikakhulukazi esikhathini sokungathembana kokwaziswa. Imibiko yokubona gcaba, ukuhlola imfihlo, kanye nokufaka ukwaziswa kobungane kungasiza ekuvuseleleni ukwethembana.
  • Izingeniso ezisemthethweni[-Spect [u-1] - Njengoba ushintsho lobuchwepheshe lushintsha, izincazelo ezingokomthetho zo “kwaziswa okungalungiseka” zingadinga ukunwetshwa ukuze kuhlanganiswe i-biometric, izingozi zokubonisa, kanye nezixhumela-kwaziswa.

Abenzi bemithetho kumelwe bacabangele futhi imiphumela engokokuziphatha yokuthola ukwaziswa ngokubalwa kwabantu okusetshenziselwa ukuqeqeshelwa ukuhlanganisa i-Al, ukuzonda ukudwetshwa kobugebengu, nezinye izisebenziso ezingase zihlazise amaqembu. Ama-2020 ayoba yiminyaka eyishumi yokuhlola izimiso eziyimfihlo.

Isiphetho

Isivikelo esingokomthetho samalungelo abantu ababuzwa ukuthi bangama-ureaucracy asiyona nje imithetho esemthethweni esemthethweni, kodwa iyisisekelo sobuqotho bokubala ngokwako. Kusukela ku-13 e-U.S. kuya ku-GDPR e-Europe kanye ne-Atistics Acts eCanada, e-Australia, ne-UK, imithetho enikeza isithembiso esibophekayo sokuthi ukwaziswa komuntu siqu akusoze kwasetshenziswa kumuntu ngamunye. Izivikelo zobuchwepheshe ezinjengemfihlo ehlukile, ukubekwa kwegama elithile, nokulawulwa okuqinile kokuguqula lezi zithembiso ezingokomthetho zisebenzele ngokwezezenzwe. Uma isimiso sisebenza, ukuthemba, amazinga aphakeme, futhi amasuntwana anele adinga ukuxhasa imfundo, izibhedlela, izibhedlela zokusekela izibhedlela, nokuqinisekisa.

Kodwa izinselele zisaqhubeka. Ukuphazamisa kwezombangazwe, ukungqubuzana kokwaziswa, nokungavumelani phakathi kokubona kahle nokufihla imfihlo kudinga ukuqapha njalo. Izinguquko zesikhathi esizayo kumelwe ziqinise izijeziso, zichaze izincazelo zomthetho zanamuhla, futhi zithathe ubuchwepheshe obuphambili bezomuntu siqu obufana nokwaziswa okuqanjiwe nokwezingxenye eziningi ezilondekile. Ekugcineni, ukubamba abantu abaphendukile kuwumthwalo wemfanelo ofanayo: abashaya imithetho kumelwe babhale imithetho eqinile, izinhlangano kumelwe zisebenzise ngokuzikhandla, futhi umphakathi kumelwe uhlale ufundile ngokwanele ukuba ugcine wonke amaqembu enecala. Njengoba inani labantu liqhubeka liyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu enkathini yokubala, isibopho sokuzibopha abantu ngabanye siyonquma ukuthi ungaba insika ethembekile yentando yentando yeningi.