Lapho ifaka imvume, ikhadi eliluhlaza, noma ezinye izinzuzo zokufuduka, lenqubo ivame ukuhlanganisa ukumiswa kwe-biomimetric okuphoqelelwe. Lesi sinyathelo singaphezu nje kokuthatha inqubo yenqubo yesikhashana [1] iyitshe eliyitshe eliqinisekisayo nokuhlola ukuqinisekiswa kwemininingwane nokuphepha okusetshenziswa iziphathimandla zezokufuduka emhlabeni wonke. Ukuqonda ukuthi i-biomitric ihilelani, kungani kubalulekile, nokuthi ukulungiselela kungakusiza kanjani ukuba usebenzise inqubo yokusebenza ngokuqiniseka futhi ugweme ukulibala. Lesiqondiso sinikeza ukuhlolisisa okubanzi kokuhlelwa kwe-biometrics, kusukela enjongweni yayo, ezinqunyweni nasendleleni yokunikeza imigqa yakho, isithombe, isignesha.

Iyini Isimiso Sokumiswa Kwezakhi Zomzimba?

Ukuhlelwa kweminwe kuyisiqephu esihleliwe lapho umfaki wesicelo enikeza khona imishini engokoqobo neyomzimba embonini kahulumeni. Igama elithi "biometrics" libhekisela ezicini ezikhethekile ezingasetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa isibonakaliso ``i-minwe'', isithombe sobuso, nokusayinwa kwenombolo. Lamaphuzu avumela iziphathimandla zokufuduka ukuba zibopha isisebenziso kumuntu othile ohlukile futhi zinqamule umuntu omelene nobugebengu, ukulondeka, nemishini yokuthutha.

Kuye ngokwezwe nangohlelo oluqondile lokusebenza, ukumiswa kungayenzeka esakhiwo esimiswe njenge-USCIS Survice Center (ASC) e-United States, i-Vasa Application Centre (VAC) ye-UK Visas kanye ne-Immigration, noma indawo efanayo kahulumeni evunyelwe. Inqubo ishesha (i- i-VISC] i-Applicate (imizuzu engu-30) kodwa iyisiteko ye-proccal enzima engenakuyidlala.

Imininingwane yesayensi yezinto eziphilayo eqoqwe ifeza izinjongo eziningi: iqinisekisa ukuthi umuntu ofaka isicelo sokuthola inzuzo umuntu obonakala ebekwe; wenza ukuba ubugebengu buhlolwe ngemibhalo yeminwe; futhi yenza ikhophi yesayensi yezinto eziphilayo engasetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhona. Empeleni, ukumiswa kwesayensi yezinto eziphilayo kuyindlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi umuntu osebenza ngephepha ungokoqobo, usobala, futhi akalona usongo lokuphepha.

Kungani Ukumiswa Kwezakhi Zomzimba Kubaluleke Kangaka?

Ukumiswa kwe-biometrics akuyona nje indlela yokulawula; isekela ubuqotho bayo yonke inqubo yokufuduka. Ngaphandle kobufakazi be-biometric, izinhlelo zingathembela kuphela emagameni, emihla nasezincwadini ezingakhonjwa noma zebiwe. Ngokuthatha izici ezikhethekile ezingokomzimba, iziphathimandla zokufuduka zinga:

  • ivumela uphawu [ - qhathanisa i-biometric yomdlali nohlelo lokusebenza ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi zingumuntu ofanayo.
  • Ukukhohlisa okungalawuleki - - Yeka ukwebiwa kwemininingwane ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi omunye umuntu akanakufaka ifomu lohlelo ngokusebenzisa ulwazi lomuntu olwebiwe.
  • Isizinda sekhomputhi sihlola [ - qhathanisa iminwe nezindawo zokudayisa izigebengu (umzk., i-FBI’S IAFIS e-U.S.) ukutshengisa amacala angaphambili noma izingozi zokhuseleko.
  • [[UMTL:0] Gcina ukunemba kokuqondisa [ - Ukwakha irekhodi lokulinganisa i-biometric elingabhekiswa ezisebenzisiweni zesikhathi esizayo, ukushintsha kwesimo, noma izenzo zokugcinwa kwamandla emisebenzi.
  • Ukulungisa i-Streamline - I-Biometric memone system ikhawulanisa inqubo yokufinyeza ngoba i-stations ihlola i-openthis futhi ithembeke kakhulu kunokubukeza amabhukwana encwadi.

Kulabo abafaka isicelo, ukuba khona kuyimfuneko. Ukungasitholi iso. Ukuhluleka ukubuyisela i-screcure(noma ukuhluleka) ngokuvamile kuphumela ekunqabeni izicelo noma ekulahlweni. Kubaphathi abathuthayo, i-biometrics inikeza izinga lokuqiniseka ukuthi izincwadi zephepha zodwa azinakunikeza, kunciphisa ithuba lokuthi ingozi yokulondeka engathi sína idlule.

Ubani Okudingeka Abe Khona Esohlelweni Lwezilinganiso Zezilinganiso?

Akuzona zonke izithobo zokusebenza zokufuduka ezidinga i-biometrics. Ngokuvamile, kudingeka izinhlelo ezihilela ukuhlala isikhathi eside, ukushintsha isimo, noma izinzuzo zokuzwana nokulondeka. Izimo ezivamile zihlanganisa:

X Izithoba

Izigaba eziningi ze-vsavs nonimmigrant (njenge-H-1B, L-1, O-1, F-1, ne-visass zezivakashi) zidinga i-biomimetric, ikakhulukazi kubafaki besicelo sokuqala. E-U.S., abacela imvume ebhayisense e-internate phesheya ngokuvamile bayonikeza iminwe nesithombe phakathi nengxoxo. Kumazwe anjenge-UK ne-Canada, i-biometrics ziqoqwa eVisa Appal Centress ngaphambi kokuba izicelo zikhishwe.

Ikhadi Eliluhlaza Nokuhlala Phansi

Noma ubani ofaka isicelo sokuhlala ngokusemthethweni (ikhadi eliluhlaza) e-United States kumelwe abe khona e-biomitrics ehlelwa njengengxenye yokulungisa isimo noma i-Console Processing. Lokhu kusebenza kumalungu omkhaya, asekelwe emsebenzini, kanye naku-vsavs ezinhlobonhlobo.

Ukuzenza Imvelo Nezakhamuzi

Imishini yesizwe sase-U.S. ngokuzenza imvelo kudingeka futhi ukuba kuthathwe imibhobho yesayensi yesayensi yezinto eziphilayo, ngokuvamile ngemva kokufaka i-Fom N-400. Iminwe isetshenziselwa ukuhlola isizinda sokugcina ngaphambi kwengxoxo yezakhamuzi nomkhosi wesifungo.

Ezinye Izinzuzo Zokufuduka

Izici ezandisiwe zokuhlala, izinguquko zesimo, izinhlelo zesikhoselo, kanye nomsebenzi othile ovumela (njenge-EAD) kungabangela futhi imfuneko ye-biometric. Ngisho nabantu abafaka isicelo sekhadi eliluhlaza noma imvume yokungena kabusha ngokuvamile bahlelelwe ukumisa.

Kubalulekile ukufunda iziyalezo eziqondile zefomu lakho lesicelo. USCIS, UK Visas, nezinye izinhlangano zibonisa ngokucacile emalini yokufaka isicelo ukuthi isayensi yezakhi zofuzo iyadingeka yini nokuthi ungahlela kanjani leso simiso.

Ukulungiselela Ukumiswa Kwemisebe Yezakhi Zomzimba

Ukulungiselela kahle kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukumiswa kwakho ngezakhi zofuzo kuhamba kahle futhi wonke amaphepha adingekayo, ukungayitholi into ebucayi kungakuphoqelela ukuba uphinde uhlele, ubambezele wonke umkhuba wakho.

Amadokhumende Okuzolethwa

Inhlangano ngayinye inezimfuneko eziqondile, kodwa uhlu oluvamile luhlanganisa:

  • Isaziso sokuhlela - isaziso esisemthethweni (Form I-797C noma esifanayo) esibonisa inombolo yakho yohlelo lokusebenza, usuku lwesiboniso, isikhathi, nendawo.
  • Uphawu lukahulumeni weValid lwezithombe [ - - imvume yokuhamba ngemoto, ilayisense yomshayeli, ikhadi le-ID lesizwe, noma ikhadi lomphakathi elihlala njalo.
  • Noma yimaphi amanye amabhukwana aceliwe[ – njengezithombe zohlobo lwe-passport, ikhophi ye-lidge yakho yokusebenza, noma inkokhelo yokukhokha ama-risiti.

Lokho Okumelwe Kulindelwe Uma Ubukeka

Akukho zimiso zokugqoka ezisemthethweni, kodwa imfihlo imfihlo. Gwema izingubo ezingaphazamisa iminwe yeminwe (jengesibonelo, amagilavu, amabhandeshi asindayo eminweni). Ngoba isithombe sizothathwa, sigqoke ngendlela ongagqoka ngayo isithombe se-passs: akukho zigqoko (ngaphandle kwezizathu ezingokwenkolo), futhi akukho zingilazi zelanga, futhi isithombo esingathathi hlangothi singcono kakhulu. Gcina izandla zakho zihlanzekile futhi zingenawo amapayipi noma amafutha angafiphaza iminwe.

Ukufika Ngokushesha Nokuhlola

Hlela ukufika kusenemizuzu engu-15-30. Ukufika kwamuva kungabuyiselwa futhi kudingeke ukuba kubuye kubekwe. Uma ungena egcekeni, uzohlola edesikini lokwamukela izimpahla, unikeze amafaksidi akho, futhi ulinde ukuba abizwe. Ukuhlola ukulondeka kufana nokuya esikhumulweni sezindiza esiphephileyo, ngakho gwema ukuphatha izinto ezinqatshelwe (izikhali, izikhwama ezinkulu, iziphuzo).

Kwenzekani Phakathi Nokumiswa Kwezinqubo Zokuxhumana?

Ukumiswa ngokwako kuqondile futhi kulandela ukulandelana okungaguquguquki. Uchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe uyokuqondisa esinyathelweni ngasinye:

  1. Ukuba yiqiniso [ - Uchwepheshe uzakuhlola isaziso sakho somsekeli nophawu, aqinisekise igama lakho, usuku lokuzalwa, nenombolo yohlelo lokusebenza.
  2. Ukunyathelisa [ – Usebenzisa i-digigi-scan minwener, uchwepheshe uzoqengqa futhi acindezele iminwe yakho ngayinye (futhi ngezinye izikhathi izithupha zakho) engcembeni yengilazi. Lenqubo ithatha imizuzu embalwa. Uchwepheshe uzakuguqula noma yiziphi izigqebhezana ezikhutshiwe noma ezingaphelele.
  3. I-Photograph – Isithombe se-afomethi sithathwa, kuhlangatshezwana nezindinganiso zama-passport noma amabhukwana okuchaza. Ungacelwa ukuba ususe izibuko noma ulungise izinwele zakho.
  4. Isignomende sokukhomba [ - Uzocelwa ukuba usayine ephepheni lomshini. Lesi signesha izogcinwa ngohlelo lwakho lokusebenza.
  5. I-lishidi yokuqinisekisa - Uma iqoqo lokwaziswa seliphelele, uyothola isitamu noma irisithi enyathelisiwe (umz., i-USCIS biometrics stages) iqinisekisa ukuthi uye khona kulokhu kumiswa. Gcina leli risidi liphephile `kuwubufakazi bokuthi ufeze imfuneko.

Le nqubo ithatha imizuzu engu - 15 kuya kwengu - 20, ingabali isikhathi sokulinda, futhi akukho zingxoxo noma ukuhlola okuqhutshwa phakathi nesivumelwano; kumane nje kuwukuqoqwa kokwaziswa.

Ngemva Kokumiswa Kwe - biometric: Yini Elandelayo?

Lapho inqubo yakho yokusebenza kwezakhi zofuzo isithunyiwe, ukwaziswa kudluliselwa emitholazweni kahulumeni efanelekile. Kubantu abafaka izicelo zaseU.S., iminwe iya eFBI ukuze iyohlola isizinda sobugebengu, bese isithombe nesignesha kwesimiso seUSCIS. Izinqubo ezifanayo zenzeka eUK, eCanada, eAustralia nakwamanye amazwe.

Ukuhlola isizinda ngokuvamile kuqedwa phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa, kuye ngokuthi inkampani isebenza kangakanani. Isicelo sakho ngeke siqhubeke kuze kube yilapho imiphumela ye-biotric ibuya. Uma ukuhlola kwesizinda sekhodi kwembula ukuthi awukho umbango, ukulungisa kuyaqhubeka. Uma kunokufana nomlando wobugebengu, kungase kudingeke uphengululo oluqhubekayo, olunganwebela izikhathi zokulungisa.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukumiswa kwe-biometrics akusona isiqinisekiso sokuthi uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza luzovunyelwa. Kumane kuqinisekisiwe ukuthi ungubani futhi kuhlola izivikelo zokhuseleko. Isinqumo sangempela sisekelwe ekusebenziseni kwakho ngokugcwele, kuhlanganise nokungaguquguquki, ukubhalwa kwemibhalo, nanoma iziphi izingxoxo.

Ungabheka isimo sesicelo sakho nge-panet ye-parel yenxusa usebenzisa inombolo yakho ye-lisithi. E-U.S., i-USCIS ithumela izifushaniso ngombhalo noma nge-imeyili uma usayininela izaziso.

Imibuzo Nezinkinga Ezivamile

Ingabe Ngingaphinde Ngiyihlele Isimiso Sami Sokusebenza Kwezakhi Zomzimba?

Yebo, kodwa kumelwe kwenziwe ngokufanele. Izinhlangano eziningi zivumela umuntu ukuba aphinde abeke ikhefu ngaphandle kwenkokhelo, ikakhulukazi uma unesizathu esizwakalayo (isikhathi, izimpi zokuhamba). Udinga ukucela i-akhawunti entsha ngocingo noma nge-ingosi ye-website ngaphambi kosuku lokuqala. Ukungaphathi abantu abaningi ngaphandle kwesaziso kungaholela ekunqabeni isicelo.

Kuthiwani Uma Ngenza Iphutha Phakathi Nokushaya Uphawu?

Uma unenkinga yokwenza iminwe ibe nzima, uma uphumile, ukhanyiswe kakhulu, tshela uchwepheshe. Ungacelwa ukuba unikeze ezinye izikhombo noma incwajana kadokotela. Uma kungavamile, umuntu okhipha umnwe anganikezwa.

Ingabe Izingane Kudingeka Zibe Khona Ezindaweni Ezinezimiso Ezinhle?

Yebo, ezimweni eziningi kudingeka ukuba izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwengu - 14 zibe khona, nakuba iminyaka yobudala ihlukahluka ngokwezwe. Ukuze kusetshenziswe izinhlelo zaseU.S., ngokuvamile izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu - 14 kumelwe zibonakale zisebenzisa isithombe sazo nemishini yamanani, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kudingeka kube neminwe emibili kuphela.

Isebenza Isikhathi Eside Kangakanani Imininingwane Yesayensi Yezakhi Zomzimba?

I-biometric data isebenza ngokwenkathi ethile, cishe izinyanga eziyi-15 zenjongo ye-USCIS. Uma uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lungafinyelelwanga phakathi naleso sikhathi, ungacelwa ukuba unikeze ama-biometric amasha (ukuphinde uphinde ubekwe). Amanye amazwe agcina imininingwane ye-biometric emafayilini iminyaka eminingi yezicelo zesikhathi esizayo nge-athomu elifanayo.

Ubuchwepheshe Nokulondeka Kwezinto Eziphilayo

Ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa ekuhlelweni kwe-biometrics bunembe kakhulu futhi bulondekile. Izinhloli zesandla zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokubona, bokuthatha i-capetive, noma bokuthatha izithombe ngemidwebo ebanzi ukuze zithathe imiklamo. Izithombe zibanjwa zisebenzisa amakhamera aphezulu asebenza ngokuvala ama-minucture anamandla okuqaphela ubuso. Izimpawu ze-signion zigcinwa njengezithombe ze-minuctal noma izibazweli.

Izinhlangano zikahulumeni zigcina ukwaziswa okuphathelene ne-biometric emitholazweni eyimfihlo enezimiso eziqinile zokungena. E-U.S., ukwaziswa kweminwe kusingathwa yinqubo ye-FBI Evel Generation Identification (NGI), egcina imibhalo egciniwe engaphezu kwezigidi eziyikhulu. Imithetho yemfihlo [1] njenge-Ascrect ye-Immigration ne-National Act jnc //regurate ukuthi imininingwane ye-biometric ingasetshenziswa futhi ihlangane kanjani.

Izimiso zokusebenza zivumelana futhi nezinqubo zokuzivikela zomhlaba wonke. Ngokwesibonelo, izikhumulo zezindiza eziningi manje zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuqaphela ubuso obungagcina ukwaziswa okuphathelene ne-biometric ezisemithonjeni yokuthutha. Nakuba lentuthuko ithuthukisa ukulondeka nokusebenza kahle, iphakamisa nokukhathazeka komuntu siqu. Imishini yokusebenza kwezakhi zofuzo kufanele iqaphele ukuthi ingakwazi ukuhlangana nezinye izinhlangano zikahulumeni ngaphansi kwezivumelwano ezithile (umz., phakathi kwe-U.S. Department of Homeland Security ne-Department of Justice).

Uma unokukhathazeka ngokuphepha kwe-biometric memorial, ungacela ukwaziswa ngendlela ukwaziswa kwakho okusetshenziswa ngayo ngehhovisi lezezimali le-openism. Nokho, phawula ukuthi ngeke ukhethe ukuqoqwa kwe-biomimetric ukuze ufeze izinjongo zokufuduka.

Imithombo Yangaphandle Yokwaziswa Okwengeziwe

Isiphetho

Ukumiswa kwe-biometrics kuyingxenye ecacile futhi ebaluleke kakhulu yohambo lokufuduka. Ngokuqonda okumelwe kulindelwe, ukuqoqa amabhukwana alungile, nokuthatha isikhathi, ungafeza lemfuneko ngaphandle kokucindezela. Lokhu kusiza ekulondolozeni ukuthembeka kwesimiso sokufuduka kuyilapho uvikela inqubo yakho yokusebenza. Uma ufaka imvume, ikhadi eliluhlaza, noma ukuba isakhamuzi, ukuphatha i-biography ngokuyifanele igcine icala lakho lihamba ngendlela futhi unciphise ingozi yokulibala okungadingekile. Khumbula ukuhlola isaziso sakho sokumiswa kwakho, ukuhlola iziqondiso ze-oceal Office, futhi ugcine ilayiselo lakho lencwadi yesikhathi esizayo. Ngolwazi olunikezwe kulolu mqondisi, uzimisele ukuqeda lesinyathelo esidingekayo futhi uqhubekela phambili ngemigomo yakho.