Kulenkathi yezibalo, amalungelo ezindaba zomuntu siqu aye avela njengenye yezimo ezicindezela kakhulu kubantu ngabanye, amabhizinisi, kanye nohulumeni ngokufanayo. Ngomzuzwana, inqwaba yemininingwane yomuntu siqu (kusukela ekufuneni imikhuba yokufuna indawo kuya ekuyo emlandweni, kusukela ekuhwebelaneni kwezezimali kuya ekusebenziseni i-biometrics(iqoqiwe, icubungulwe, futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo zamuva nje, i-internet ikhiqiza izilinganiso zemininingwane yokwaziswa ezingaphezu kwe-1,5,5 ngosuku, futhi indalo yembulunga yonke ivezwe iveza ukudlula ama-zazabethi angokomlando ngo-2025. Lokhu kugqashukamendeka kokwaziswa kuye kwenza ukuba kungabi nje ukukhathalela okungokomthetho nokusetshenziswa kwemininingwane kodwa isici esiyisisekelo sendlela ekhethekile yokuzilawula komuntu siqu nokulondeka. Nokho, nakuba abantu abaningi besaqaphela isivikelo esitholakalayo noma ukuvikelwa kwabo ngokuphumelelayo.

Ukuqonda Amalungelo Okufihla Izindaba Zomuntu Siqu

Amalungelo omuntu siqu aqashelwa njengesimiso esingaphansi samalungelo abantu esivikela ikhono lomuntu siqu lokulawula ulwazi lwakhe siqu futhi angangeni ekuphazanyisweni okungadingekile. Lamalungelo afakwa emishinini eminingi yezizwe zonke, njengeSiphakamiso 12 seSimemezelo somhlaba wonke samaLungelo Angabantu, esithi "akekho umuntu oyophazanyiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokungeyomfihlo yakhe, umkhaya, ikhaya noma iposi." iMiyalo yeSizwe nemithetho yomhlaba emhlabeni wonke (iSiphendulo Sesine) eUnited States kuya elungelweni lomthetho-wonke lokuze kusese eNdiya //ifferther igcizelela ukubaluleka kwalesimiso somthetho. Amalungelo ezindaba zomuntu siqu awanakwenziwa ngokuphelele; kumelwe alinganiswe nezinye izithakazelo ezinjengenhlala - mpilo, impilo yomphakathi, nenkululeko yokuvikela, abantu ngabanye balahlekelwe ukulawulwa kwabo, ukuncishwa kwezekwa, ukuncishwa kwenani, ukungana, ukukhohliswa, ukuqashwa kwemithetho, ukuphatha.

Izenzo, amalungelo ezindaba zomuntu siqu ahlanganisa izimiso eziningana eziyisihluthulelo: ukuqoqwa kokwaziswa, ukuvunyelwa kwendlela yokulungisa, ukulinganiselwa kwenjongo (idata kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela ngenxa yesizathu eqoqiwe), ukuncishiswa kwemininingwane (uhlanganisa okudingekayo kuphela), kanye nokulandisa kwabalawuli be-data. Lezizimiso ziyisisekelo sesimiso sokwaziswa sanamuhla, ngokuphawuleka kakhulu i-European’s General Tech Protection Regtection (GDPR) kanye ne-Literanian Consumer Act (CPA) Act (CPA).

Ukuziphendukela Kwamalungelo Okuzifihla

Umqondo wokwethulwa kobuso bezindaba wesifuba uye washintsha ngokuphawulekayo phakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Ekuqaleni wagxila ekuvikeleni ubungcwele bekhaya −" ilungelo lokungabuthwa," njengoba kushiwo nguSamuel Warren noLouis Bradeis embukisweni wabo wekhulu leminyaka 1890 (uMbhalo we-Harvard) we-Law Review (-privracy) kancane kancane yakhula ukuze ihlanganise ukulawula ukuxhumana komuntu siqu, futhi ibuye ihlanganise nemibhalo yezezimali neyokwelapha, futhi namuhla idlulele cishe kuyo yonke imikhondo yobuchwepheshe esiyishiya emuva.

Umlando

Ukuqashelwa okungokomthetho kwamalungelo ezindaba zomuntu siqu kwathola amandla ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 ngezenzakalo eziphawuliwe. E-United States, Olmstead v. United States (1928) yabona ukuphikisana okudumile kweJaji Brandeis ukuphikisa kokuthi ukuthumba kwakhiwe "ukuhlola" iSichibiyelo sesine , [iSiphemezelo seSimemezelo], umbono owagcina waphumelela Katz v. United States (1967). EYurophu, iSivumelwano se-Europe esiphathelenedensi kwamalungelo abantu (1953) savikelwa ngokuqondile yiSiphaka-8) i-1970 (imithetho yokuqala ye-Herse-Active Device Act [ence]) kanye ne-Sweden, izimiso ezisakhelwayo namuhla.

Intuthuko Yanamuhla

Ukuguqulwa kwezimiso ze-mini, ikakhulukazi ukunyuka kwe-Internet kanye nokuhamba nge-computer, kwashintsha kakhulu indawo yokufihla imfihlo. Ekuqaleni kuka-2000 kwabona ukukhula kokwaziswa okuqoqiwe yizigebengu zobuchwepheshe obufana no-Google noFacebook, ngokuvamile ngaphandle kwemvume yomsebenzisi onenjongo. Ukuphendula, i-Europe Union yamukela i-GDPR ngo-2016 (unyaka ka-2018), eyamisa i-GPR yembulunga yonke ngenxa yamalungelo eyimfihlo. I-GDPR inikeza abantu amandla aphezulu okulawula ukwaziswa kwabo, ifaka imali enzima ngenxa yokungahlangani kwe-engakhonzi (kusukela ku-4% yokuguqula imbulunga yonke), futhi i-APCC (evector 2020) inikeza izakhamuzi abaqalayo futhi efuzeneyo kweminye imithetho efana ne-Brazil, kuhlanganise ne-Geneclopous (Gal Act of Depagences) (Actertial Medicial Information of of of of of of of of al.

Amalungelo Abalulekile Enkathini Yokuxhumana Kwamanani

Imithetho yanamuhla yokuvikela ukwaziswa iqaphela amalungelo amaningana ayisisekelo anika abantu amandla okuphinde balawule ukwaziswa kwabo. Lamalungelo ahlelwa ngokuningiliziwe ngaphansi kweGDPR, kodwa amalungiselelo afanayo avela kwezinye izifunda.

  • Ilungelo lokufinyelela: Abantu bangacela isiqinisekiso esivela enhlanganweni ukuthi ukwaziswa kwabo siqu kuyahlaziywa yini futhi, uma kunjalo, thola ikhophi yalelo mininingwane kanye nemininingwane yezinjongo, izigaba, abamukeli, kanye nenkathi yokuzikhumbuza. Lokhu kusiza ekuvezeni ukufihlwa komthunzi nokungagunyaziswanga kokwaziswa okungagunyaziwe.
  • Ilungelo lokuvala (Isokudla Ukulibaleka): Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, abantu bangafuna ukuba izinhlangano zisuse ukwaziswa kwazo ngaphandle kokulibala okungafanele. Lelilungelo, elimiswe eNkantolo yobulungisa ka-2014 Google Spain v. AEPD, lisetshenziselwa ukususa inkathi ephelelwe isikhathi noma imiphumela yokufuna okungadingekile, nakuba kumelwe lilinganiswe nenzalo yomphakathi.
  • Ilungelo lokuphatha i-data: Abantu ngabanye bangathola ukwaziswa abakunike umlawuli ngendlela ehlelwe kahle, evame ukusetshenziswa, uhlelo lokwenza umshini (umz. JSON) futhi babe nelungelo lokudlulisela leyo mininingwane ngokuqondile komunye umlawuli lapho ubuchwepheshe bukhona. Lokhu kukhuthaza umncintiswano futhi kunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzisi abanyakazayo phakathi kwezinkonzo.
  • Ilungelo entweni: Abantu bangamelana nokuthunyelwa kwemininingwane yabo siqu ukuze bathengise ngokuqondile, ukucwaninga kwezesayensi noma ngokomlando, noma izinjongo zezibalo. Uma ukwenziwa kwenqubo kusekelwe ezithakazelweni ezifanele noma ezithakazelweni zomphakathi, umlawuli kumelwe ayeke ukulungisa ngaphandle kokuba abonise izizathu ezigunyazayo ezidlula izithakazelo zomuntu ngamunye.
  • Ilungelo lokuhlela i-processing:[ Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile (umzk., ukuncintisana nokunemba noma ukubeka icebo ekuqhubekeni), abantu bangalinganisela indlela imininingwane yabo esetshenziswa ngayo, ikakhulukazi ukuyenza iqine lapho impikiswano ixazululwa.
  • Ilungelo lokungahloniphi Isinqumo Esizenzekelayo-sokwenza: Abantu ngabanye banelungelo lokungathotyelwa izinqumo ezisekelwe kuphela enqubweni ezenzekelayo, kuhlanganise nokukhipha i-profil, okuveza imiphumela engokomthetho noma imiphumela ebaluleke ngokufanayo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kumthetho wemithetho-algorim esetshenziswa ekufakeni isikweleti, ekuqasheni, nasemshuwalenseni.

Indima Yobuchwepheshe Emalungeloni Ayimfihlo

Ubuchwepheshe busebenza njengosongo nesivikelo sokufihla imfihlo. Kwesinye isandla, izinhlelo ezifanayo ezenza kube lula ukuveza izikhalazo, izinhlangano zomphakathi, imishini evalekile, izimoto ezixhunyiwe , futhi zakha amathuba okuqapha nokusebenzisa kabi ukwaziswa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amathuluzi obuchwepheshe afana nokubhala ngasese, izinhlelo zomuntu siqu (VPN), kanye neziphequluli eziqondisa ngasese zingasiza abantu ukuba bazivikele.

Iqoqo Lezinto Nemininingwane

Izisebenzi zezamabhizinisi zamaqonga amaningi emishini ye-minuctures zithembele ekuqoqeni inqwaba yokwaziswa komuntu siqu ukuze zikhangise futhi zicwengisise imigaqo-mithetho. Leli "gama eliqanjwe nguprofesa Shoshana Zuboff waseHarvard, liphatha okuhlangenwe nakho kwabantu njengokungadingekile ngenxa yokubikezela nokuphathwa kabi kwezentengiselwano. Futhi uhulumeni ungenela izinhlelo zokuhlola okukhulu, njengoba zembulwe nguEdward Snowden ngo-2013, uqokomisa iqoqo lezinhlangano zolwazi lobuhlakani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvela kobuchwepheshe bokuqashelwa kobuso ezikhundlekweni zomphakathi ezikhungweni zomphakathi (kusuka ezikhungweni zezindiza ukuya ezitolo) zokwenza imibuzo enzulu mayelana nokukhomba nokuvuma. A201 ukuhlola kwe-Europe Commissionsion yathola ukuthi i-90% yabantu baseYurophu bakholelwa ukuthi ukuqoqwa kwabo ukwaziswa akuvikelekile ngokwanele, ukubonisa ukukhathazeka okugcwele kuyi-Internethi.

Izinyathelo Zokubhala Nokuphepha

Ukubhala kuyithuluzi lokufihla okuphumelela kakhulu lokuvikela imfihlo endaweni ye-minumbe. Ukubhala okungenakho ekugcineni i-opera-too-end kuqinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzisi abaxhumanayo kuphela abakwazi ukufunda imiyalezo, ukuvimbela abanikezeli benkonzo, abakhohlisi, nohulumeni ekunqandeni ukuxhumana. Izinhlelo ezifana ne-Saysal, App (nesiphelo sokugcina), futhi i-i-----atrandment yenze ukuvulwa okuqinile kokufihliwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa i-accopy ethembekile kungafihla ikheli lomsebenzisi i-IP futhi kufihle i-injini yabo ye-intanethi, kuyenze kube nzima kakhulu ukuba amaqembu amathathu athathe imisebenzi yawo ku-inthanethiwebhusayithi. Eminye imikhuba engcono ihlanganisa ukusebenzisa ama-password ukukhipha izifungo eziyinkimbinkimbi, yenza kube nesiqiniseko esiqinile kune-SFA esemthethweni kusetshenziswa njalo kunezi ze-software ezisebenzayo ezisebenzayo ezibondayo ezisebenzayo ezivayo.

Izinselele Ezenzelwe Amalungelo Okufihla Izindaba Zomuntu Siqu

Naphezu kwezinqubo ezingokomthetho namathuluzi obuchwepheshe, izithiyo ezinkulu zisekhona ekusebenziseni amalungelo ezindaba zomuntu siqu emhlabeni wonke.

Izinselele Ezingokomthetho Nezokuqondisa

Imithetho engqubuzanayo yomhlaba wonke yemithetho yemfihlo ibangela ukudideka kokubili kubantu ngabanye nezinhlangano. Inkampani esebenza ezifundeni eziningi kumelwe ivumelane nezimfuno eziningi eziphikisanayo, kuyilapho abantu bengase bangazi ukuthi yimuphi umthetho osebenza esimweni sabo. Ukuphoqelelwa kuyahlukahluka futhi; nakuba abalawuli beYurophu beye babiza imali enkulu (umz., i-Caltilla1,2 biliyoni ne-Metac e-2023 ngenxa ye-GDPR - ephikisayo, ezinye izindawo ezingenawo amandikimba asebenzayo noma izijeliso ezincane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulondeka kwesizwe nomthetho kungakhipha izimbobo ezinkulu eziyimfihlo, njengoba kubonakala kuyi-U.

Ukuqaphela Umphakathi Nemfundo

Inselele eqhubekayo ukuthi abantu abaningi abawaqondi ngokugcwele amalungelo abo ezindaba zomuntu siqu noma indlela yokuwasebenzisa. Ukuhlola njalo kubonisa ukuthi iningi labasebenzisa izinto zomuntu siqu alivamile ukufunda izimiso zemfihlo, ngokuvamile ezithatha isikhathi eside, ezingokomthetho, futhi ezingaqondakali ngamabomu. Ucwaningo lwe-Pet23 ukucwaninga luthole ukuthi ama-60% e-U.S. abantu abadala bacabanga ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuphila kwansuku zonke ngaphandle kwezinhlangano eziqoqa ukwaziswa kwazo, futhi bangama-2% kuphela abanomuzwa wokuthi “banendlela yokulawula ulwazi lwabo. Ngaphandle kokwazi indlela eyisisekelo yokulungisa izinhlelo zomuntu siqu, ukusebenzisa izindlela ze-incognitoto, noma ukuqaphela imizamo yokuzipha ihlala ingenayo. Izinyathelo zokufundisa ezingekho njenge-Ecrogen Foundation (FFFF) futhi bafeza inkonzo enzima kakhulu.

Imikhuba Emihle Kakhulu Yokuvikela Amalungelo Ezindaba Zomuntu Siqu

Abantu bangathatha izinyathelo eziqinile zokuzivikela ekusithekeni kwabo, njengoba besebenzisa isayensi yesayensi yezinto eziphilayo eyimfihlo.

  • Hlala ufunde futhi ufunde i-Pilot Policies: Nakuba kuyisicefe, kucasha amaphuzu ayinhloko enqubo yemfihlo ye-openthial memo/", ikakhulukazi ukuthi imniningo eqoqwayo iqoqwe kanjani, nokuthi imaphi amalungelo onawo akusiza ukuba wenze izinqumo ezicatshangelwe. Sebenzisa amathuluzi anjengeMithelela yenkonzo; Mathumb’t Funda (ITS; DR) ukufushaza ukufushaza.
  • Sebenzisa u-Strong, u-Password okhethekile:[[FTL:1] Umphathi wephasiwedi (umzk., Bitwaden, 1Password) angadala futhi agcine ama-password ayinkimbinkimbi e-akhawuntini yonke, ukunciphisa ingozi yokuhlasela kwe-offset. Gwema ukusebenzisa amagama-yimfihlo ezingxenyeni ezithile.
  • Nikeza Isiqiniseko seSigunyazo Esibili soMdlali-FALT: Ukhetha izinhlelo zeqiniso (I-Google Unitor, Authony) noma inkinobho yokuvikela yensimbi (YubiKey) ngaphezu kwe-sMS-osekelwe 2FA, engavikeleki ekuhlaseleni kwe-SIM-spartles.
  • [[NTL:0] Imininingwane ye-limit Ukuhlanganyela: Yisho ngamabomu ukuthi uhlanganyelani kwizokuxhumana kanye nezinhlelo. Bukeza imvume ze-app ku-mfono-mfono-mfono-mfono-mfono-mfono-mnum nokwazi ukuthola ukwaziswa okungadingeki emsebenzini we-up (umzk., i-applea yethoshi akumelwe idingenwe ekuthintaneni kwakho).
  • Sebenzisa amathuluzi-okhefiki: Cabangela ukushintshela kubaphehli abanjengo-Firefox (nesivikelo se-Graised Trave) noma i-Brave, kanye nokusesha izinjini ezinjengo DuckDuck Goo ongalandeleli imibuzo yakho. Sebenzisa izithasiselo zobumfihlo njengo-uvimbe Origin kanye nemfihlo.
  • I-Proct Of of Data Broker List: Abathuthi abaningi bokwaziswa baqoqa futhi bathengise amaprofayili abo siqu. Ungakhetha ngamawebhusayithi abo usebenzisa iziqondisi ezinikezwa yi-EFF noma i-Amfic Rights Creeninghouse.
  • Njalo hlela izinyawo zakho zamanani print: Sebenzisa amathuluzi afana no-Google “Umsebenzi Wami” noma umsebenzi wencwadi ye Facebook” kaFacebook ukubona ukuthi imiphi imininingwane eqoqiwe futhi yasuswa. Futhi, sebenzisa ilungelo lakho lokungena ngaphansi kwe GDPR noma CCPA ngokucela ikhophi ye-data yakho kumapulatifomu amakhulu.

Ikusasa Lamalungelo Okufihla Izindaba Zomuntu Siqu

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka, amalungelo okuzifihla azoqhubeka eguquka, eshukunyiswa yikho kokubili ukusungulwa nokusetshenziswa kwemisebenzi.

Izindlela Zobuchwepheshe Ezixubile

Ukuhlakanipha kokwenza, ikakhulukazi okunezakhi zofuzo kanye nokufunda ngomshini, kuveza kokubili izingozi ezintsha namakhambi ezinto zomuntu siqu. Izimonyo eziklanyelwe ukungaziqondi zingabamba ngekhanda futhi zidalule ukwaziswa okuzwelayo (umzk., New York Times] ukumangalela komthetho wokulwa no-OpenAI). Ukuzigcina kobumfihlo obufana nokufihla imfihlo okuhlukile, okunezela umsindo wokuvikela abantu kuyilapho ukuvumela ukuhlaziywa kwezibalo, kuyamukelwa yizimiso zokwazi ukuzilawula ngaphandle kokuxhumana. Nokho, ukuvalela kokuzimela komfakela kobuso, ukuvumelana kwenkathi yokushukuma kwe-Rogleam.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-quantam commu kubuye kubonakale, kusongela ukwephula izindinganiso zamuva zoku-opera. I-post-quant comptography, emelana nokuhlasela kwe-quantam, ilinganiswa yi-NIST, kodwa ukutholwa okusakazekile kuyothatha iminyaka. Okwamanje, i-Internet of Things (IoT) inweba indawo engaphezulu ukuze iqoqwe i-data (imishini yasekhaya), imishini yempilo ebophanayo, kanye nezimoto ezihlangene zonke ziveza ukwaziswa okufinyela ngokucuthayo.

Ukukhuthala Nokushintsha Kwesimiso

Abameleli bamalungelo ezindaba zangasese bayaqhubeka befuna isivikelo esiqinile. I-EFF, i-Access Now, kanye ne-American Civil Liberations Union (ACLU) inxusa imithetho emisha futhi ibekela inselele ukuzama ukuqapha enkantolo. E-U.S., amandla asungulwa umthetho kahulumeni wemfihlo we-mshoshane, ofana ne-GDPR, nakuba izingxoxo zezingxoxo ziye zagcinwa ekususweni kwemithetho kahulumeni kanye nelungelo lokuthatha isinyathelo. I-UK ihlola izinguquko zemininingwane yayo yezokuvikela i-post-Brtick, kuyilapho amazwe anjenge-China emisele imithetho eqinile yokuvikela ulwazi lomuntu siqu (PPPL) ehlangene amalungelo anamandla kahulumeni kanye nezinhlelo ezinikezwayo. Imininingwane yezizwe zonke izimemo ezisasazi se-EU-U. I-Foctivection i-octives (empmpletion i-2010) inikeza isisekelo esingokomthetho esingokomthetho esingokomthetho sokudluliselwe i-Rle-eqeqeqediwe yi-O

Isiphetho

Amalungelo ezindaba zomuntu siqu enkathini yezibalo awawona umkhakha oqinile wemithetho kodwa udinga ukuqapha njalo, ukujwayela, nokukhuliswa. Njengabantu ngabanye, ukuhlala bewazi ngalamalungelo futhi bathathe izinyathelo zokuvikela kungumgca wokuqala wokuzivikela. Njengomphakathi, kumelwe sifune ukuba abakhi bomthetho bacace, imithetho egunyazisiweyo ebeka imingcele efuna abantu emfucumfukweni, naleyo eyimfihlo ngokuklama yonke imiklamo. Imibono esiyenzayo namuhla i-(abathengi, abavoteji, nezakhamuzi ) ziyohlela ikusasa lezenzwe zezokuzenzela izizukulwane. [[FLT:][0] I-Ectron Foundationssion kuwebonke. [FLD:], [FFFFFON], [5]