Ukuqonda Izibhodi Zendawo: Isekela Lombuso Womphakathi

Amabhodi endawo amabhodi angenayo enziwa ngezomthetho womphakathi. Avala igebe phakathi kukahulumeni kamasipala nezakhamuzi asebenzayo. Nakuba imikhandlu yamadolobha nezindawo zesifunda zithola ingxenye enkulu yezindaba, amabhodi endawo aphatha izimiso ezithinta ukuphila kwansuku zonke: lapho amapaki athola khona imali, ukuthi iziphi izifundo ezingena ezikoleni, lapho intuthuko ivunyelwe khona, nendlela ukuphepha komphakathi okuhlelwa ngayo. Ukuvolontiyela enye yalezi zindikimba kungenye yezindlela eziqondiswe kakhulu zokuthonya indawo ezungezile.

Amabhodi asebenza njengezinhlangano ezifuna ukumiswa noma ukwenza izinqumo, kuye ngegunya. Izikhundla zokucwaninga futhi ziveze ukutusa kwezikhulu ezikhethiwe. Amabhodi okwenza izinqumo anegunya lokuvumela noma lokuphika imvume, ahlele uhlelo, noma asebenzise imithetho. Ukuqonda lomehluko kuyagxeka ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise. Ngokwesibonelo, [[FLT: 0] ibhodi ehlelayo nezindawo zokuhlangana emadolobheni amaningi isho okokugcina ngezwe-virances, kuyilapho i- i-parts nebhodi yokuzilibazisa [[FLT]] ingatusa ukwabiwa kwedolobha kuphela.

Ngaphandle kwesihlanu esisohlwini lokuqala, imiphakathi ngokuvamile inamabhodi aqondisayo:

  • Imishini yokugcina i-Historic [ ebukeza izinguquko ezakhiweni eziphawuliwe
  • Iziphathimandla ze-Airport eziphatha izikhungo zokuhamba zendawo
  • [[UMTH:0] Ukwetha namabhodi amanzi alahlwayo ukuqondisa amazinga enzuzo nesisekelo sesisekelo
  • Amabhodi emali ahlela izinqubo nohlelo lwemitapo yezincwadi yomphakathi
  • iziphathimandla ezinikeza usizo zengamela izinhlelo zezindlu ezingakwazi ukukhokha
  • Ethics comfice [ imisa ukuvaleka nemithetho yempi kanye neyakhelane kakhulu
  • Ikomiti yokuthumela ukuhanjiswa kwemithetho isebenza namanxusa ezokuthutha esifunda

Ibhodi ngalinye lidinga ulwazi oluthile, kodwa izakhamuzi eziboshelwe ukulwamukela kakhulu. Amabhodi amaningi anezihlalo ezivulekile ngokukhethekile ezakhamuzini ezingenazizinda ezingochwepheshe emkhakheni, ngenxa nje yokuthi aletha imibono emisha. Ngokwe- Internationaltical City/Combery Management Association (ICMA)[FLM], amabhodi aphumelela kakhulu ahlanganisa inhlanganisela yochwepheshe abaphambili nelungu lomphakathi elivamile.

Indlela Amabhodi Angena Ngayo Endaweni Enkudlwana

Amabhodi ezindawo akhona phakathi kwemiklamo kahulumeni. Avame ukwenziwa umthetho wedolobha noma wesifundazwe, ochaza amandla awo, ubuningi bomhlangano, ubude, kanye nezimo zamalungu. Amanye amabhodi agunyazwe umthetho kahulumeni; amanye akhiwa ngokomthetho wendawo. Ngokwesibonelo, izifunda eziningi zifuna isifunda ngasinye ukuba sibe nebhodi lempilo, kuyilapho amabhodi okuhlela ezindaweni ezihlangene cishe ezindaweni zonke.

Ukuqonda lesi simiso somthetho kusiza izisebenzi zokuzithandela ukuba zisebenze ngokuphumelelayo. Ilungu lebhodi elazi umthetho ozenza zikwazi ukuwenza lingasekela ngokuthonya okwengeziwe futhi ligweme ukweqa igunya. INhlangano Yesizwe yaseCities (NLC) inikeza izinto ezikhululekile ezisemkhunjini ezibusweni ezibuswa izifekethi nemikhuba engcono kakhulu yamalungu amasha.

Ukubaluleka Kokuhlanganyela Kwezibopho Zokuvota: Okwenza Izibhodi Zendawo Zibaluleke

Isithembiso somshado sivame ukuxoxwa ngendlela engacaci" − ukuhlanganisa izintambo, ukuba khona emibuthanweni, ukubhalela abameleli. Kodwa amabhodi endawo anikeza indlela ehleliwe nengaguquguquki yokuhlanganyela. Ngokungafani nokuvota, okwenzeka kanye noma kabili ngonyaka, inkonzo yebhodi idinga ukuhileleka kakhulu masonto onke noma nyanga zonke, okubangela ukulandisa okukhulu nokufunda.

Ukucwaninga kwe [[FLT: 0] Precie Chabins kubonisa ukuthi imiphakathi enamazinga aphakeme okuhlanganyela kwebhodi yokuzithandela ithembele kakhulu kuhulumeni, izinqumo ezingcono zezimiso ezisabelayo, kanye namazinga aphansi enkohlakalo. Uma izakhamuzi zisiza imithetho emile, zisengozini kakhulu yokuvumelana nazo futhi zikhuthaze omakhelwane ukuba benze okufanayo.

Izinzuzo Zokuhlanganyela Ngenkonzo Yebhodi

Ukuvolontiya ibhodi lendawo kuzuzisa umuntu ngamunye nomphakathi.

Igunya [[FLT: 1] lidlulela ngalé kokuzwa kungcono ngokuhlanganyela. Amalungu ebhodi azuza igunya lokunika imithombo yempahla, ukubeka izinto eziza kuqala, nokuvumela noma ukuphika imisebenzi ethile. Ilungu lebhodi lepaki elisekela inkundla entsha yemidlalo liyayibona yakhiwa; ilungu lebhodi lesikole elivota ushintsho lwezifundo liqala. Le miphumela yangempela yakha ukuqiniseka futhi ikhuthaza ukuhola okuqhubekayo.

[ Ukuxhumelana okuhlangeneyo [[FLT: 1] kukhula ngobuhlobo namalungu amabhodi, izisebenzi zasedolobheni, nezakhamuzi eziya emihlanganweni. Izisebenzi zokuzithandela eziningi zibika ukuthi zakha ubungane obuhlala njalo nezinhlangano ezingochwepheshe. Lokhu kuxhumana futhi kwakha iziteshi zesimiso sokulwa kanye nenkinga ehlangeneyo ngaphandle kwemihlangano ehleliwe.

Intuthuko ehlanganisa okungaphezulu kakhulu kunokuhola nokuxhumana. Amalungu ebhodi afunda ukufunda uhlelo lokuhlela, ukuchaza imibono engokomthetho, ukuthuthukisa imihlangano yomphakathi, ukuxoxa nabagcini besikhathi, nokuphatha izikhombo zesikhathi. Lamakhono adlulela ngokuqondile emsebenzini womthetho, ebhizinisini, emfundo, ekuqondiseni umphakathi, nakubaphathi bezentengiselwano. Ukuhlola Board Source [ kwathola ukuthi amalungu ebhodi abika amakhono athuthukisa ngokuqondile umsebenzi wawo wobuchwepheshe.

Ikhono lokuqaphela izinto [[FLT: 0] lijula ngokushesha. Izisebenzi zokuzithandela zithola indlela ukuhlelwa kwentela yesikole okuthinta ngayo imali yesikole, indlela imithetho yokuhlela elawulayo ethinta ngayo ukukwazi ukukhokhelwa kwezindlu, nendlela izimiso zokuphepha zomphakathi ezisebenzelana ngayo nezinkonzo zempilo yengqondo. Lokhu kuqonda kwezinga eliphezulu kwenza amalungu ebhodi abe abameleli abaphumelele ngokwengeziwe futhi avote kakhulu ngayo.

Ukuqinisa Intando Yeningi Ezindaweni Eziphansi

Isivumelwano sobugqila esisebhodini ngokuvamile sibizwa ngokuthi isikole sentando yeningi . Ifundisa izakhamuzi indlela yokulungisa izakhiwo ngamabomu, ukuyekethisa, nokwenza izinqumo ngaphansi kokuvinjelwa. Enkathini yezombangazwe zesizwe ezihlukene, amabhodi endawo avame ukusebenza ngemiphumela emangalisayo. Amalungu agxila ekulungiseni izinto ezingokoqobo. "isivinini esingokoqobo", amahora omtapo, ukulungisa umtapo, ukulungisa ipaki − − kunempi yemibono.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhodi likhuthaza ukubusa okuhlukahlukene. Omasipala abaningi bafaka amalungu asemaqenjini azimele ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi amabhodi abonisa imiphakathi abakhonza kuyo. Lokhu kufaka izinhlelo ezingcono. Ngokwesibonelo, ibhodi elihlelayo elihlanganisa abaqashi kanye nabaninikhaya lizoveza izimiso zezindlu ezilinganayo.

Indlela Yokuhileleka: Ibalazwe Lomgwaqo Eliwusizo

Isihloko sokuqala sanikeza inqubo yamasitebhisi amane aphezulu: ukucwaninga, ukuba khona emihlanganweni, ukusebenza, ulwembu. Ukwandisa isinyathelo ngasinye ngezenzo zikakhonkolo kusiza abafundi ukuba balawule lokho okungase kuzwele njengenqubo efiphele.

Isinyathelo Sokuqala: Hlola Ukubukeka Kwakho Kwendawo

Qala ngokuvakashela ingosi ye-website yakho noma yesifundazwe. Bheka ikhasi elinesihloko “ Boards and Commissions, ” “ Valteer Orgations, ” noma “ Citimazen Advisory Groups. ” izifunda eziningi zilondoloza uhlu lwawo wonke amabhodi asebenzayo anezincazelo zemisebenzi yawo, izimfuneko zamalungu, kanye nezikhala zamanje. Uma iwebhusayithi inzima ukuya phambili, ibiza i-ccalta umaltacreader ’ ihhovisi lazo ngqo.

Imibuzo eyisihluthulelo okufanele siyiphendule lapho sicwaninga:

  • Yimaphi amabhodi anezindawo manje noma ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezilandelayo?
  • Kuyini ukuzibophezela kwesikhathi (amahora alandelanayo, okulungiselelayo, nezinye izenzakalo)?
  • Ingabe zikhona izimfuneko zokuhlala noma zobuchwepheshe (isib., umklami ogunyaziwe webhodi lokuhlela)?
  • Iyini inqubo yokumisa: ukumiswa kwenkosi, ukuvota, noma ukusetshenziswa okuqondile?
  • Ingabe ikhona isilinganiso esithile?

Sebenzisa izinqolobane zamaphephandaba noma ama - video ukuze ufunde ngezimpikiswano zamuva noma ngezinqumo ezinkulu.

Isinyathelo Sesibili: Yiba Nemihlangano Ngaphambi Kokuyisebenzisa

Akukho okuthatha indawo yalokho okuphilayo. Yiba khona okungenani emihlanganweni emibili yasikhathi sonke yebhodi onesithakazelo kuyo. Qaphela indlela amalungu asebenzelana ngayo, nezisebenzi, kanye nomphakathi. Qaphela uhlelo lomhlangano: uhlelo lwezinhlelo, ukukhulumela kwasobala, ukucabangela, ukuvota.

Uma kungenzeka, yiya ezindlebeni zasobala noma esiqenjini somsebenzi kunokuba ube nesimiso sokuvumelana esihleliwe. Izikhathi zokusebenza zembula indlela amalungu ahlola ngayo izindaba eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukuphikisana ngezingxoxo, futhi afinyelele ukuvumelana. Ukuqaphela lamandla kukusiza ukuba unqume ukuthi unganikela ngokuphumelelayo yini ngaphandle kokukhungatheka ngejubane noma ngephimbo.

Isinyathelo 3: Lungisa Isimiso Sakho Sokusebenza

Amabhodi amaningi adinga uhlelo olubhaliwe oluhlanganisa amazwi athakazelisayo, aqalayo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi nezincwadi zokukhomba. Khomba lokhu njengesicelo somsebenzi: yisho ngokuqondile ngolwazi lwakho olufanele, isisusa sakho, nalokho othemba ukukunikela. Gwema izinkulumo ezijwayelekile njenge “ Ifuna ukubuyisela. Ikhona, kusho i-” Kunalokho, ithi i-&lquo; nginesizinda sokuhlaziya ngokwezimali futhi ngifuna ukusiza ibhodi lomtapo kuhlola intuthuko yayo yemali. &quto;

I-larior ngayinye ebhodini eliqondile. Ibhodi yesikole, gcizelela okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho ngezingane, imfundo, noma umfundisi wokuzithandela. Kubhodi yamapaki, iqokomisa noma ikuphi ukuhileleka ezinhlanganweni zezemidlalo, amaqembu asengadini, noma amaqembu angayizuzi inzuzo yendawo ezungezile. Ibhodi iyawazisa amalungu aletha ulwazi oluphathekayo kodwa futhi aqaphela lokho angakwazi nokuzinikela ekufundeni.

Isinyathelo 4: Ngokuzimisela Nangomqondo Ovulekile

Ukuxhumana namalungu ebhodi amanje noma ayekhona kufanelekile, kodwa gwema ukunxenxa noma ukucindezela. Cela izingxoxo zokwaziswa ukuze uthole isikhathi esizibophelele nezindaba eziphuthuma kakhulu ezibhekene nebhodi. Yiba khona emibuthanweni ehlangene nebhodi noma izinhlangano ezihlobene nayo, njengedili lokunikezela ipaki noma ibhodi lesikole.

Ukwakha ubuhlobo nezisebenzi eziboshelwe ibhodi ngalinye. Lezi zisebenzi zasedolobheni zivame ukuba nethonya elikhulu ekutuseni amalungu.

Izinselele Zokuvolontiya: Ukulungiselela Ngokwethembeka

Isihloko sokuqala siphawula ngokufanelekile ukuthi inkonzo yebhodi iyavuza kodwa iyadinga.

Ukuzibophezela Ngesikhathi: Akugcini Ngokuhlangabezana Neso

Ibhodi elivamile lihlangana kanye noma kabili ngenyanga, ngokuvamile kusihlwa. Kodwa isikhathi esiphelele sihlanganisa ukulungiselela ($* ukuhlolwa kwezinhlelo, imibiko yesizinda, neposi evela kubantu abasebenza. Amalungu akhuthele ayaya nasemihlanganweni engaphansi, ukuhambela kwezingosi, nokuqeqesha. Isilinganiso esingokoqobo amahora angu-8 kuya kwangu-15 ngenyanga emabhodini amaningi, kanye nezibopho eziphezulu zezihlalo nasemadleleni.

Ukuzivumelanisa nemithetho kuyinto evamile emabhodini okuzithandela. Amalungu aphuthelwa imihlangano eminingi angalimaza ibhodi i ’ adala intukuthelo phakathi kwabangane. Ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise, hlola ngobuqotho ukuthi isimiso sakho sikuvumela yini ukuba khona njalo isikhathi esigcwele.

Isinqumo Esingqubuzanayo Nemishini Yokuzilawula

Amabhodi akhiwa abantu abanezici ezihlukile eziza kuqala, izitayela zokuxhumana, nokuthambekela kwezombangazwe. Ukungavumelani akugwemeki, ikakhulukazi emabhodini asingatha izindaba ezibucayi ezinjengokungavumelani kwezindawo, ukuvalwa kwesikole, noma ukuphatha amaphoyisa. Amalungu ebhodi aphumelelayo afunda ukuveza izimpikiswano ezizimele, agxile emaqinisweni, futhi athole isisekelo esifanayo.

Amanye amabhodi asebenza ngaphansi kuka-Robert ’ iMithetho ye-Order, engase yesabise kakhulu kubantu abasanda kufika. Nokho, amalungu amaningi anokuhlangenwe nakho azokusiza ukuba ufunde izisekelo eziyisisekelo. Izisebenzi zasedolobheni zivame ukunikeza iziteshi zokuqondisa ezihlanganisa inqubo yephalamende. Isihluthulelo siwukuhlala unenhlonipho, ulalele ngaphambi kokukhuluma, futhi ugweme ukusabela ngokomzwelo lapho ugxekwa.

Imithombo Yengcebo Nezikhungo Zombuso Ezilinganiselwe

Ibhodi lendawo lisebenza ngokusekela okuncane kwezisebenzi nangemali elinganiselwe. Ibhodi lamapaki lingase libe nesisebenzi esisodwa esabelwe ukuphatha amapaki amaningi nokuphatha izimali. Ngenxa yalokho, amabhodi angayeka ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuhamba ngenxa yokuswela amandla noma izimali. Izisebenzi zokuzithandela kumelwe zifunde ukusebenza phakathi kwezithiyo futhi zigubhe intuthuko eqhubekayo kunokuba zifune ushintsho olusheshayo.

Icala elingokomthetho linye ukucatshangelwa. Nakuba amalungu ebhodi emikhandlwini eminingi evikelwe ngomshuwalense kamasipala nokwenziswa kwemithetho, angabizwa emacaleni uma enza ngaphandle kwegunya lawo noma ngokunganaki okukhulu. Izibhodi zifuna ukuba amalungu asayine umthetho wokuziphatha futhi athole ukuqeqeshwa kwezimiso. Ukuqonda I-Open Mission Act[ nemithetho yomphakathi esemthethweni ezweni lakho kubalulekile ukugwema ukuphambanisa.

Ukutubeka Nokuvuvukala

Ukuhlangana kokucindezela kwesikhathi, ukuhlola umphakathi, nentuthuko ethatha isikhathi kungaholela ekutubekeni. Okunye ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi amaphesenti angaba ngu-30 amabhodi awaqedi igama lawo lokuqala. Ukuze alwe nalokhu, abeke imingcele kusukela ekuqaleni: nquma ukuthi mingaki eminye imisebenzi ongayithatha, ungayisebenzisa, ukhulume ngokucacile, futhi ucele usizo lapho kudingeka. Amabhodi aphumelelayo ahlakulela isiko elisekelayo lapho amalungu exoxa obala ngokuzikhandla kokucindezeleka.

Izindaba Eziphumelele: Umphumela Wangempela Ngenkonzo Yebhodi

Ngemuva kwama - vignette asekuqaleni, nakhu ukulandisa okunemininingwane yendlela ibhodi elingashintsha ngayo imiphakathi.

Ukuhlolwa Kwendaba: Ibhodi Yeziqiwu IGreenvilles Iyashintsha

EGreenville, eNingizimu Carolina, amapaki nebhodi lokuzilibazisa kwabhekana nokuncitshiswa kwemali kanye nokuncitshiswa kwezindawo zokuhlala. Ilungu elisha elinesizinda sokuhlaziya ukwaziswa lahlongoza izakhamuzi. Imiphumela yembula ukuthi imikhaya yayifuna izindlela ezilula zokuhamba nezindawo zokuhlala, hhayi amapaki amasha amasha ezemidlalo. Ibhodi yahlela kabusha imali yayo ngokuhambelana nemali yayo, isebenzisa inzuzo yendawo yokwakha izikebhe. Ngezinyanga ezingu-18, ukusetshenziswa kwepaki kwanda ngo 40%, futhi isibhedlela sabika ukuthi ihholo elisheshayo ekuhambeleni okuphuthumayo ezindaweni eziseduze.

Ukutadisha Icala: Ibhodi Yesikole Livala Igebe Eliphumelelayo

Ebhodini ye-Omaha Public Schools, iqembu lamalungu amahlanu (abazali ababili, uthisha oyedwa othathe umhlalaphansi, umnini webhizinisi, nomunye umhleli womphakathi) lasekela uhlelo lomshayeli wokungenela kokuqala kokufunda. Bathola imali engu-R550 000 esisekelweni sangasese futhi basunduza isifunda ukuba siphinde sifunde izikole eziyisithupha eziphansi. Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, ukufunda lezo zikole ngekhono kwasuka ku 54% kuya ku 78%, kwaphumelela isilinganiso sesifunda. Ibhodi i-’ ukuzimisela ukuzama nokugcina izisebenzi zikhona ziboshelwa ngempumelelo.

Ukuhlolwa Kwecala: Ibhodi Yokuphepha Komphakathi Inciphisa Ubudlova Bezibhamu

ERichmond, eVirginia, ibhodi elivikela umphakathi lasungula ikomiti yokuxhumana nomphakathi yabaphathi bezindawo ezakhiwe izakhamuzi, izikhulu, nezisebenzi zezenhlalakahle. Ikomiti yaveza izitini eziqondile ezinezilinganiso eziphakeme zokuphatha izibhamu ezingekho emthethweni. Kunokuba yandise ukuboshwa, yahlongoza uhlelo lokuphazamisa ubudlova olwalusetshenziswa abantu ababevalelwe ngaphambili njengabalamuleli. Eminyakeni emibili, ukudubula kulezozitini ezawiswa ngama-60%. Ibhodi i-’ impumelelo yaholela umkhandlu wedolobha ukuba wamukele idolobha elingumfuziselo, isindise izigidi zabantu ngezindleko ze-polithi, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, kusindisa ukuphila kwabantu.

Isiphetho: Itafula Lakho Lilindele

Amabhodi endawo awayona izinsalela eziphelelwe isikhathi zokubusa okuncane. Ziyizinhlangano ezinamandla, ezibalulekile lapho izakhamuzi ezivamile zihlela khona ikusasa lezindawo ezihlala kuzo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumfundi, uchwepheshe othathe umhlala-khaya, noma umshintshi wemisebenzi, kunebhodi elidinga umbono wakho.

Indlela yokuhileleka icacile: cwaninga amabhodi endaweni yakini, ube khona emihlanganweni, ulungiselele ifomu eliqinile, futhi wakhe ubuhlobo obunenhlonipho. Yebo, kuyoba nezinselele (izikhathi) (iziphazamiso), ukuxabana namanye amalungu, i-metape ebomvu eqinile. Kodwa imivuzo ingaphezu kakhulu kokukhungatheka. Ungeke uhlakulele amakhono, uhlangane nabantu abakuphefumulelayo, futhi ushiye uphawu emphakathini wakho oluhlala isikhathi eside ngemva kwesikhathi esiphelile.

Idemokrasi ayihlali nje kuphela emakamelweni okuvota kodwa emagumbini esikole, emagumbini okuhlala abantu abazwayo, nasemihlanganweni yasepaki.