Ukuqonda Ukungalingani Kwezomnotho

Ukungalingani kwemali ekhona, ukungalingani kokwabiwa kwemali nengcebo emphakathini, kuye kwaba enye yezinselele eziyisisekelo zenqubo yekhulu lama-21. Ezomnotho ezithuthukile, ingxenye yemali yesizwe egeleza ku-1% iye yakhuphuka kakhulu kusukela ngawo-1980, nakuba iholo lesigaba esiphakathi seliye lathatha izindleko zalo ezilinganiselwe. Lokhu kubangela ukungezwani kwezenhlalo, kunciphisa imfuno efunwayo, futhi kungalulaza izinhlangano zentando yeningi. Abaphathi bezomthetho baye babhekana nesimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi sokukhetha, njengoba zonke izinqubo eziklanyelelwe ukuthatha izindleko ezincane nemiphumela engalindelekile.

Ukungalingani akuyona into eyodwa kodwa iqoqo lezinto ezingafani. Ukungalingani kwemali ehambisana nemali kulinganisa ukugeleza kweholo lezisebenzi nenhloko- dolobha. Ukungalingani kwengcebo kuthatha inzuzo yempahla(impahla", ukulingana, ukulingana, imali egciniwe (ukungalingani). Imikhaya igcina. Ithuba lokungalingani kwemikhaya, ngokuvamile okunzima kakhulu ukuxoxa ngakho, kuchaza ukuthi izici ezifana nesizinda sabazali kanye nokuthola imfundo ephakeme, imisebenzi, kanye nezinhlangano zomphakathi ezinciphisa uhlobo oluthile lokungalingani kungaze kulimaze kwenye indawo, noma ngisho nokuyilimaza. Ngokwesibonelo, ukukhuphula intela ezuzeni eliyinhloko kunciphisa ingcebo ngokuqondile kodwa kuthuthukisa ukufinyelela imfundo ephakeme kubafundi abangenisa imali ephansi. Ukuqaphela lokhu kugxeka ukuklanywa, ukungenela.

Izindaba zembulunga yonke. Kusukela ngo-2000, ukuvela kwezomnotho njengeChina neNdiya kuye kwabona ukwanda okusheshayo okuye kwasusa amakhulu ezigidi obumpofu obuphelele, njengoba ukungalingani kwangaphakathi kwezwe kuye kwanda. Ukungalingani komhlaba wonke emazweni kuye kwancipha, kodwa ukungafani okungalingani okungaqondakali ezifundeni eziningi. Lokhu kuphikisana kusho ukuthi izimiso zezwe kumelwe zixazulule kokubili izindinganiso zokuphila eziphelele kanye nokuncishwa okulinganiselwe, ngokuvamile okubangela ukunganeliseki kwezombangazwe.

Ibhokisi Lemishini: Imishini Yokunikela Nge - Redis

Ohulumeni banesimiso esilinganiselwe samathuluzi okuthonya imiphumela engokomnotho. Lamathuluzi angahlanganiswa abe yizigaba ezintathu ezibanzi: inqubo yemithetho, imithetho yokulawula, nenqubo yokutshala izimali. Izisulu zezigaba ngazinye ezihlukene emjikelezweni wezomnotho futhi ziveza ukuhweba okuhlukile phakathi kokulingana nokuphumelela.

Isimiso se-Fiscal sihlanganisa ukukhokha intela nemali echithwayo kahulumeni. Izintela zemali edonswayo, izintela zezindawo, kanye nentela yezinhlangano ziphakamisa inzuzo evela kulabo abanekhono elikhulu lokukhokha. Ohlangothini lokuchitha imali, ukudluliswa kwemali, izinkonzo zomphakathi, nemisebenzi yezezemisebenzi yezemisebenzi yezemfundo ingasusa izimali. Isimiso sokuqondisa simisa imithetho yezentengiselwano: iholo elilinganiselwe, isivikelo sezisebenzi, ukugcinwa kwezezimali, kanye nemithetho yezimali ehlela yonke indlela inzuzo ekhona emsebenzini wezomnotho ehlanganyelwa ngayo. Imithetho yokukhokha umphakathi ikhokhwala inzuzo ende yemfundo, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, nokucwaninga okunquma ukuphumelela kwesizukulwane esilandelayo.

Ubuciko bokwenza inqubo busekulungiseni lamathuluzi ukuze inzuzo ekunikezeleni ingaphazanyiswa ukulahlekelwa kwezomnotho. Isimiso sentela esithatha ingxenye enkulu kakhulu yemali eholwayo singadambisa ukusungulwa kwemisebenzi. Iholo eliphansi kakhulu linganciphisa umsebenzi wezisebenzi ezibulawayo. Uhlelo lwemfundo olungasetshenziswanga kahle lungachitha imithombo yemali ngaphandle kokuthuthukisa imiphumela. Le misebenzi yokuhweba-ngaphandle ayiqanjwa; iyabonakala ezomnotho zangempela ezinemiphumela engokoqobo. Izifundo zamuva nje ze-International Monetic Fund [ igcizelela ukuthi inqubo ehlelekile ingaxuba i-mfakelo wezwe ngalinye.

Ukukhokha Intela Okuqhubekayo: Inzuzo, Izihloko Eziphambili, Nokusabela Kokuziphatha

Intela eqhubekayo − lapho intela inyuka ngeholo noma ngengcebo − iyithuluzi eliqondile lokunciphisa ukulingana kwentela yangemva kwentela. Amazwe anjengeCanada kanye nezifunda eziningi zamaNordic asebenzisa izimiso zentela zemali edonswa ngenani elihlangene nentela efakiweyo ukuze kuxhaswe izinkonzo zomphakathi ezivunyiweyo. Inkokhelo ekhushulelwayo isetshenziselwa ukuthutha ngokwezimali nempahla yomphakathi okuzuzisa imikhaya ehhlwithwayo.

Ukuhweba okuyinhloko kuwukuhlanekezelwa kwesimilo sezomnotho. Izinga eliphakeme lentela eliphansi linganciphisa isikhuthazo sokuba osomabhizinisi, abaqondisi, nabaqashwa kakhulu basebenze amahora engeziwe, bafake imali emisha, noma bahlale ezweni. Ukucwaninga ku- i-Bureaual of Economic Research [[FLT: 1]] isikisela ukuthi ukusabela kwabaholi bentela abaphezulu kushintsheke kakhulu, okubiza inzuzo yokukhokha intela, okuthiwa "imali ephambili yeholo elikhokhelwa intela""]. Kwezinye izimo, izinga lentela liholela ekugwemeni intela noma ukuncishiswa kwentengo yangempela. Abakhi bemithetho kumelwe balinganisele imali engcono ngokuncishiswa kwentengo yezentengo yezentengo yezentengo.

Okunye ukucatshangelwa yizehlakalo zentela. Ukukhokha intela ehholo lenkampani ekugcineni kungathwalwa izisebenzi ezisemkhakheni weholo eliphansi, noma abathengi abawuhlobo lwamanani aphakeme, kunokuba bakhokhele ababambi bempahla. Ngokufanayo, intela yempahla inganciphisa isikhuthazo sokuba abanikazi bezindlu balondoloze izindlu zokuqashisa, okuthinta ukuthengwa kwezinga elibizayo. Ukumiswa kwesimiso sentela esinentuthuko nesona sisebenza kahle kudinga ukunakekela kokunakekela ngokucophelela ukuthi ubani ngempela okhokhela, hhayi nje onecala elingokomthetho. Iziphakamiso zamuva zengcebo, njengoba zithathwa eSwitzerland futhi zicatshangelwa kwamanye amazwe, izinhloso zokukhokha intela yempahla yempahla ngokuqondile, kodwa ziphakamisa izinselele ezinkulu ezihlobene nokubiza intela.

Izinhlelo Zezenhlalo: Izindawo Ezidluliswayo Ngemali, Izinzuzo, Nezici Zomsebenzi

Izinhlelo zezenhlalakahle zezenhlalakahle ziyindlela eyinhloko yokunikeza imithombo yemali etholiwe imali ephansi. Lezi zihlanganisa ukuthunyelwa kwemali ngemibandela (ethathwa emikhubeni eyisisekelo njengokuya esikoleni), inzuzo eyisisekelo, usizo lokudla, izikhongozelo zezindlu, nomshuwalense wempilo yomphakathi. Amazwe anamanetha aqinile okuvikela umphakathi, njengamazwe aseNordic, athambekele ekubeni abe nobumpofu obuphansi kanye nokuhamba kakhulu.

Ukuhweba ngesihluthulelo kuhilela izisusa zomsebenzi. Izinzuzo zomusa zinganciphisa inzuzo ewujuqu emsebenzini, ezingaholela ekuthatheni ingxenye ephansi kwezisebenzi. Lokhu kuwugibe oluvamile "lwesondo" inselele ukuklama izinhlelo ezinikeza ukusekela okwanele kuyilapho zilondoloza isikhuthazo sokusebenza. Ezinzuzoni zomsebenzi, njengaleyo ebizwa ngokuthi i-Inhowate Bax Cresar e-United States, ukuxoxa ngalokhu ngokunezela iholo ukuze umsebenzi ukhokhe ngaphezu kokungasebenzi. Ubufakazi obuvela ku- Braving Intetions[ bubonisa ukuthi izinhlelo ezinjalo zinganciphisa ubumpofu nokwanda kwezisebenzi phakathi komama abangashadile.

Izindleko zokuphatha namaphutha okuhlasela ezinye izinto ezikhathazayo. Izinhlelo ezidinga ukuba kube nokuqiniseka okukhulu kobungane zingabiza ukuba zisetshenziswe futhi zingakhiphi izinhlelo ze-oversel, nakuba zilula ukunikeza, zibiza kakhulu futhi zingaminyanisa imali yokuchitha ezinye izimpahla zomphakathi. Umklamo ongcono uxhomeke ekukhetheni komphakathi ngokulingana nokuphumelela, kanye nasemandleni awo ukunikeza izinkonzo ngokuphumelelayo. Ushintsho ekusakazeni inzuzo, lunikeza amathuba okunciphisa ukuhlahlela kwe-COVID kodwa futhi ukwandisa amathuba okungafihliwe futhi nokukhathalela imicimbi yomuntu siqu kwemikhaya ngaphandle kokungena kokhomba okuthembekile.

Imali enciphile: Ukuqhakaza kwemali ekhona vs. Ukugcina imisebenzi

Imithetho ehhayishwayo ebeka iphansi esinxephezelweni abaqashi okufanele basikhokhe ngaso ngehora. Umgomo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umsebenzi ophelele unikeza izinga lokuphila elingcono kune-osentswana. Abasekeli baphikisa ngokuthi iholo eliphansi linciphisa ukulingana kweholo elandayo ekusakazweni futhi landisa amandla athengiselwayo ezisebenzi eziphansi. Abaphikisi baxwayisa ngokuthi iphansi eliphezulu elikhokhelwayo liyokwenza abaqashi baqashwe abambalwa, banciphise amathuba okusebenza kubantu ababulawa yilutho.

Izincwadi ezixubene nemiphumela eholayo engamashumi eminyaka amuva nje ziye zavela ngokuphawulekayo. Ukuhlolwa kwakuqala, okusekelwe ekuqhathaniseni okulula kwezifundazwe, ngokuvamile kuthola imiphumela emibi yokusebenza. Ukucwaninga kwamuva nje, ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuhlola, kuye kwaveza imiphumela exubile. Umphumela uncikekile ezimweni zezemisebenzi i-Economic Policy Institute [[[FLL: 1]] usikisela ukuthi ukwanda okulinganiselwe akuholeli ekulahlekelweni umsebenzi okukhulu, kodwa ukuthi ukwanda okukhulu, kunganciphisa amahora noma ukuqashwa. Umphumela ubonakala uxhomeke ezimweni zezentengo zemisebenzi yendawo, ukuba khona kwamandla omsebenzi phakathi kwabaqashi, kanye nomklamo othile wenkambi wenkambi (ig., noma kubangelwa ukuncitshiswa kwenkambiso).

Ukuhweba ngemishini akuyona nje imisebenzi encishiswayo. Izindleko eziphezulu zingaholela ekunyukeni kwentengo kubathengi, ukuncishiswa kwenzuzo kubaphathi bebhizinisi, noma ukufakwa kwenzuzo ezindaweni ezisebenzelayo nasezobuchwephesheni. Lemiphumela yohlelo lwesibili ingathinta amabhizinisi amancane, angakwazi ukukwazi ukuthatha izindleko ezikhuphukayo. Abenzi bemithetho kumelwe bacabangele ukukhubazeka okugcwele kwendlela yokuziphatha, hhayi nje ithonya eliqondile ezibalweni zemisebenzi. Amanye ama-ocentimente anenkokhelo enci encikene ngokulinganayo ngenkokhelo ehliswa amabhizinisi amancane ukuze anciphise imiphumela emibi.

Ukutshala Imali Isikhathi Eside: Imfundo, Amakhono, Nesithukuthezi

Inqubo yemfundo ivame ukuchazwa njengendlela ephumelela kakhulu yokunciphisa ukungalingani. Ngokuhlomisela abantu ngamakhono adingekayo ukuze bathole inzala ephakeme, imfundo ingaqeda umjikelezo wobumpofu ophakathi kwenkathi yobumpofu. Nokho, ubuhlobo phakathi kwemali echithwayo nokulingana. Izinzuzo zixhomeke ekutheni izimali zabiwe kanjani, izinga lemfundo, izinga lemfundo, kanye nobukhulu obufinyelela ngabo abafundi abaswele.

Imfundo Yasebuntwaneni Besebancane: Ukubuya Kakhulu, Kubiza Kakhulu

Ukutshala imali emfundoni yasekuqaleni (ECE) kuye kwaboniswa kuveza inzuzo enkulu, ikakhulukazi kubantwana abavela emikhayeni ehlawulwa kancane. Izinhlelo ezinjengeprojekthi ye-Perry Preseligiery ne-Abediarian Project zaveza intuthuko enkulu ekuthuthukiseni ulwazi, ukufinyelela imfundo, neholo lomuntu omdala, kanye nezilinganiso ezizuzisayo ezilingana nezingu 7 kuya ku-1. Lokhu kuthola kuye kwashukumisela ohulumeni abaningi ukuba bandise ukusungula kwangaphambi konyaka.

Isithiyo esikhulu yizindleko. I-ECE ephakeme ephakeme idinga othisha abaqeqeshiwe, izilinganiso eziphansi zezisebenzi zabantwana, nezindawo ezifanele. Izinhlelo zembulunga yonke zidinga izindleko ezinkulu zomphakathi. Ngisho nezinhlelo ezihloselwe ukubhekana nenselele yokufinyelela imikhaya esengozini enkulu, engase ibe nokuqaphela okulinganiselwe kwezinkonzo ezikhona noma imingcele eqinile. Intengo yezemfundo yezemfundo inzima kakhulu ngokuncintisana nezinye izinto eziza kuqala, njengokunakekela impilo nesisekelo. Amanye amazwe, njengaseFrance, aye afinyelela isikole esinenzalo esiphelele ngenxa yesibopho sezombangazwe esiqhubekayo, ebonisa ukuthi izindleko zezentengozo zemali zinganqotshwa ngokuhlela izinto eziphambili.

Imfundo Ephakeme: Ukufinyelela, Ukuqeda, Nesikweleti

Imfundo yasekholiji ingenye yezilinganiso ezinamandla kakhulu zemali etholwa yisikhathi eside, kodwa ukuhlobana phakathi kwemali ekhokhelwayo nemali elinganayo kuphakanyiswa ngamazinga okufinyelela nokuphelela. Emazweni amaningi, ukuxhasa kwemfundo ephakeme kwehle, ukushintshwa kwezindleko zabafundi ngendlela yokuthola inzuzo. Lokhu kuye kwandisa umthwalo wemali ebolekwayo yabafundi futhi kungavimbela abafundi abathola imali ephansi ukuba babhalise noma baqede amadegree abo.

Imithetho enjengenkokhelo esekelwe ekutholeni inzuzo edingekayo, inzuzo ekhokhelwayo, kanye nenhloso yamakholeji akhululekile emphakathi ukunciphisa izithiyo. Nokho, lezinhlelo zihilela ukudayisa. Inzuzo enkulu kubafundi ababhale izindleko zabo, ukunciphisa izindleko njengenqubo ekhokhelwayo. Ukunikeza inzuzo ehlangene nentuthuko yezemfundo ingathuthukisa amazinga okuthweswa iziqu, kodwa inezela ubunkimbinkimbi. Ubufakazi obuvela ku [[FLT: 0] buye banyatheliswa kuyiJournalyumu of Economicrefectives isikisela ukuthi ukuxhasa kwayo okwengeziwe kwemigomo yezentengoza lapho iqondiswa ekufundiseni nasekusekeleni izinkonzo zemfundo nakusekeleni izinkonzo zabafundi, kunokuba bathuthukise ukuncitshiswa kwemisebe lebhodi ekuncipheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhushukulwa kwezindlela eziphambili ezisetshenziswa futhi ezisetshenziswa ekusebenziseni izindlela zobuchwepheshe ukuze kushintshe.

Izimpikiswano Eziqhubekayo Zemithetho

Njengoba ukungalingani kuqhubeka, inqubo entsha iyanda, ezimbili kwezinye impikiswano ziwukukhokha intela eyisisekelo nengcebo emhlabeni wonke.

Inzuzo Eyisisekelo Emhlabeni Wonke: Ukulula Nezindleko

Iholo eliyisisekelo lembulunga yonke (UBI) linikeza inkokhelo yemali eyisisekelo engokomthetho, engenamibandela kuzo zonke izakhamuzi. Abasekeli baphikisa ngokuthi izindleko zezenhlalakahle, zinciphisa ukuphatha phezulu, futhi zinikeze inetha lokuphepha ngenkathi yokuzisebenzela. Izinhlelo ze-Pilot eFinland, eKenya, namanye amazwe ziye zabonisa intuthuko elinganiselwe ekuthuthukiseni okuhle futhi zinganciphisi imali yomsebenzi. Nokho, izindleko zemali zezenhlalakahle ye-UBI zinkulu. Inkulumo ethi i-UBI ihlelwe emgqeni wobumpofu kubantu abadala e-United States ingabiza imali ecishe ibe ngu-R3 000 000 ngonyaka.[4] ngaphezu kwayo yonke inzuzo yemali kahulumeni. I-Finan izinhlelo ezinjalo zingadinga ukwanda okukhulu kwentela, okunganciphisa ukukhula kwezomnotho. Inkulumo mayelana nokuthi i-UB i-UB ihlelwe kahle yini, kodwa noma ibhizinisi lamukelekile.

Intela Ecebile: Ukufuna Imali Enganele Kunokugeleza

Intela yengcebo iphoqelela intela yaminyaka yonke empoqo empontshelwe i-levy esendaweni ethile engaphezulu. Kuphela amazwe ambalwa e-OECD analeyontela, futhi amaningi aye ayisebenzisa ngenxa yezinkinga zokuphatha. Ukufakwa kwempahla ekhangisiwe njengebhizinisi, ezobuciko, nempahla ekhona ikhahla futhi ibiza imali ebhadisela ukuphoqelelwa. Abantu abacebile bangahambisa futhi futhi bashintshe indawo yokuhlala ukuze bagweme intela. Noma kunjalo, abaxhasi baphikisa ukuthi intela yengcebo iyindlela ewukuphela kwayo yokusingatha ngokuqondile ukunqwabelana kwempahla. Izicelo zamuva eUnited States naseYurophu zisikisela intela elinganiselwe yaminyaka yonke ye-1-2% emasheyamasheya ayizigidi ezingu-50. Intela engcono inciphekelelwa kakhulu, kodwa igwenywa kakhulu uma isetshenziswa kakhulu inzuzo eyandayo emhlabeni wonke.

Ukuhlola Icala: Okusebenza Ekuzijwayezeni

Ukuhlola izibonelo zezwe langempela kwembula kokubili amathuba nokulinganiselwa kokungenela kwesimiso.

Isibonelo SaseNordic: Ingxenye Ekhokhelwayo Yoku Redis

ISweden, iNorway, i-Denmark, neFinland ziye zafinyelela amazinga aphansi kakhulu okungalingani kweholo kodwa okuncishiswa yimisebenzi emikhulu yomphakathi ngokuhlanganisa intela eqhubekayo, izinzuzo zezenhlalakahle, izinqubo zezemisebenzi, kanye nokutshala intela yomphakathi ngamandla kwezemfundo nakwezempilo. Le zinhlangano zezenhlalakahle zixhaswa ngezimali ngemithwalo yentela ephakeme, kuhlanganise nentela encishisiwe encishisiwe kodwa encishisiwe ngemisebenzi emikhulu yomphakathi. Isihluthulelo sokuphumelela kwabo akuyona inkambiso eyodwa kodwa ukuhoxa yemithetho kodwa ukukhomba kwayo yonke inqubo. Intela ephakeme yezentengoza ezombangazwe isekelwa ngenxa yokuthi izakhamuzi zibona izinzuzo ezisemkhakheni eziphambili zomphakathi. Intengozi yentengo yemali ephakeme kakhulu. Intengo yezentengo yomphakathi incishiswayo yemisebenzi yomphakathi.

Isimiso sokuhlanganisa izinto saseJalimane

Isimiso sokuqeqesha umsebenzi saseJalimane sihlanganisa imfundo yasekilasini kanye nokuqeqeshelwa ukusebenza nge-job. Le nqubo embaxambili iveza izisebenzi ezinekhono ezihlangabezana nezidingo zabakhiqizi kuyilapho zinikeza intsha indlela yokuzinza, ekhokhelwa kahle, intsha engafundi eyunivesithi. Umphumela yizinga eliphansi lokungasebenzi kwentsha kunasemikhakheni eminingi ephakathi kwezezomnotho kanye nokusakaza imali elinganayo phakathi kwezisebenzi ezingenawo amadegree. Ukuhweba kuwukuthi isimiso sidinga ukubambisana okuseduze phakathi kohulumeni, abaqashi, nezinyunyana zezohwebo, okungaba nzima ukuhambisana nezinhlangano eziqinile. Isimiso futhi sivame ukuqinisa izakhiwo zezemboni ezikhona, senza kube nzima kakhulu ukuba izisebenzi zishintshe amazinga okukhulayo. Izinguquko zamuva ziye zanezela ukuhlanganisa inqubo yokusebenza ukuze zikwazi ukuhlanganisa amadendanda.

Intela nesimiso sokudlulisa iCanada okuqhubekayo

ICanada isebenzisa isimiso sentela ekhokhelwayo esinemitako eminingi ehlangene nezikweleti zentela ezikhokhelwayo (njengenzuzo ye-Canada Child Reference) ukuze ihlanganise inzuzo emikhayeni nabantwana. Indlela yezwe ihlanganisa ukuthutha okukhulu kwezezikhundla zezifundakazi ukuze kulinganiswe amandla ezifundazwe, ukunciphisa imingcele yezigodi ezisezinkonzo zomphakathi zomphakathi. Umphumela uba izinga eliphansi kakhulu lobumpofu kunaseUnited States, naphezu kwemiphumela efanayo yezemisebenzi. Inselele ekulondolozeni ukusekela kwezombangazwe ukuncitshiswa kwezindawo ezihlukene ezweni elikhulu, izwe elinezifunda ezihlukene. Ukuthunyelwa kwezindawo ezimpofu ezisezifundeni eziphansi kuye kwaba umthombo wempikiswa kwezombangazwe. ICanada ibonisa ukuthi ukuhweba kwezwe kungenza kokubili nokuncitshiswa kwemizwa kwezombangazwe.

Izinselele Nezinkinga Eziqhubekayo

Naphezu kwamashumi eminyaka okucwaninga nokuhlangenwe nakho, ukungezwani okuyisisekelo kusekhona ngesilinganiso esihle kakhulu somnikelo.

Ukungakhohlakali kwezentengiselwano. Ukwanda kwentela ngokuvamile akuthandwa, ngisho nalapho izimali zikhokha izinhlelo ezithandwayo. Abezombangazwe abaxhwalekileyo babhekana nezisusa ezinamandla zokugwema ukuphakamisa izintela, ikakhulukazi kubavoti abaphakathi. Lokhu kungaholela ekubekeni imithetho engekho emthethweni, njengasezinkonzweni zomphakathi ezingekho semthethweni noma ekuthembeleni ngokweqile ezikweletini. Umjikelezo wezombangazwe ufaka indida ngokwengeziwe izindaba: izimiso eziveza inzuzo ende (njengemfundo yasekuqaleni kwemfundo yabantwana) zingadebeseliselwe ekusekeleni izigwegwegwegwegwe.

Izimpikiswano ezilimazayo. Ubufakazi ezinhlelweni zezenhlalakahle buyaphikiswa. Abagxeki baphikisa ngokuthi ukuthuthwa kwemali kunganciphisa isikhuthazo sokusebenza, kwakha ukuncika phakathi kwezizukulwane. Abaxhasi baphendula ngokuthi ubufakazi abusekeli imiphumela enamandla eqeda ubumpofu uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhula kwezingane nemiphumeleze impilo. Iqiniso ngokunokwenzeka lixhomeke ekuklanyweni okuqondile nasemaketheni okusebenzela umsebenzi.

Imiphumela engahlelekanga. Ukulawula kwe-RT, inkambiso ehloselwe ukwenza indlu ingabi lula, inganciphisa ukutholakala kwezindawo zokuqasha futhi inqande ukunakekelwa, ekugcineni ilimaza bona kanye abaqashi abahlongoza ukuvikela. Ukwanda kweholo okuncane kungasheshisa ukushesha ezimbonini ezinemikhawulo emincane. Izisusa zezentengo zomnikazi wendlu zingagcwalisa amanani ezindawo zokuhlala. Abaphathi-makheli kumelwe balindele lemiphumela miphumela yesibili futhi bakhele ukuvumelana kohlelo ukuze kuvunyelwe ukulungisa izimo.

Ukushintsha kwembulunga yonke nokushintsha kwezobuchwepheshe. Amandla amaningi abangela ukungalingani kwenani eliphansi, ushintsho lwezesayensi, ikhono elikhudlwana, ukulawulwa kwembulunga yonke futhi amelane nezimiso zezwe. Umncintiswano wentela wezizwe zonke ulinganisela amandla kahulumeni ekukhokheleni intela, kuyilapho izimboni ezihamba phansi zingaveza ukukhiqizwa kwemisebenzi emisha. Ukusingatha ukungalingani ezingeni lesizwe kungadinga ukubambisana okunamandla kwezentengo yentela, yezentengiselwano, nezindinganiso zemisebenzi yomhlaba wonke.

Inkambiso ephumelelayo idinga ukwaziswa okuqondile, okufike ngesikhathi ngeholo, ingcebo, nokuhamba. Amazwe amaningi anolwazi lokuqondisa noma lokuhlola kwasekhaya okuthatha indawo ephezulu edluliselwe. Amarekhodi entela, ngokuvamile asetshenziswa njengomthombo, anzima ngokubalekela nokugwema. Ngaphandle kokwaziswa okuthembekile, kunzima ukwazi ukuthi ukungalingani kuyakhuphuka noma kuyawa, noma ukuhlola ithonya lezimiso ezithile. Izehholo lemikhankampane, njengezimiso zemininingwane ehlangene yokwaziswa ezisetshenziswa emazweni ase-Nordic, zibalulekile ekunikezeleni inqubo esekelwe esemthethweni.

Isiphetho: Ukulinganisela Imigomo Esiminyene

Inqubo yomphakathi inganciphisa ukungalingani kwezomnotho, kodwa lenqubo icindezelwa yizentengiselwano zangempela. Intela eqhubekekayo inikeza inzuzo yezinhlelo zezenhlalo kodwa izingozi zokunciphisa ukutshala imali kanye nomzamo. Izinzuzo zezenhlalakahle zinikeza usizo olusheshayo kodwa zinganciphisa izisusa zomsebenzi. Iholo elincane elikhuphulwayo lokuthola izisebenzi ezithile kodwa linganciphisa umsebenzi wabanye. Ukuchitha imfundo kwakha amandla esikhathi eside kodwa kudinga ukutshala imali eningi ngenzuzo engaqinisekile.

Izindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zivame ukuhlanganisa amathuluzi amaningi ngezindlela ezivumelanayo: izintela eziqhubekayo zokuxhasa izinkonzo zomphakathi eziphezulu, ukuthunyelwa okuhlelwa kahle okulondoloza izisusa zomsebenzi, izimiso zemisebenzi ezisebenzayo ezisiza izisebenzi ukuba zijwayele, kanye nokutshala imali eqinile lapho zisencane nangemva kwemfundo yesine. Isibonelo se-Nordic sibonisa ukuthi lezi zinqumo zingahambisana nezomnotho, kodwa ukuhleleka okukhethekile kumelwe kubonise amandla enhlangano, isiko lezezombangazwe, nesakhiwo sezomnotho ngasinye.

Abenzi bezenqubo kumelwe baqaphele futhi ukuthi ukungalingani akuyona inkinga enganyuswa kanye futhi iphele. Yinselele eqhubekayo edinga ukuhlelwa njalo, ukugadwa, nokuhlelwa, nokuhlelwa. Umgomo awukona ukulingana okuphelele kwemiphumela kodwa umphakathi lapho wonke umuntu enethuba elihle lokuhlanganyela nokuchuma. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe obusha nezingcindezi zembulunga yonke eziphilile, izimakethe zemisebenzi, ukuhweba okuqhubekayo, ukuphoqelela ukuqhubekeka kwenqubo nenguquko.