Itshe Eliqinile Lombuso Ozibusayo: Ukukhuluma Njengendawo Ekhethekile

Izigidi zezakhamuzi zisebenzisa ilungelo izizukulwane ezalilwayo futhi zafa ukuze zikhuseleke. Ukuvota akulona ilungelo lomuntu siqu; kuyinqubo eqondile nenamandla kakhulu abantu ababumba ngayo isiqondiso esihlangene sikahulumeni wabo. Ukubusa ngentando yeningi okunamandla kuxhomeke ekukhetheni okubanzi, ukuhlanganyela okunolwazi. Uma abantu bekhetha ukuvota, bamisa isimiso futhi baqinisekise ukuthi sibonisa intando yababuswayo. Ngokuhlukile, uma ukuthatha iqhaza kuncipha, sonke isimo sokumelela kuyantengantengantenga. Ukuqonda ukuthi kungani izindaba zokuvota kuyisinyathelo sokuqala esihambisana nesilinganiso esiphelele somthwalo wemfanelo womphakathi.

Lesi sihloko sihlola indima ebalulekile yokuvota, umlando onzima ngemva kwebhokisi le-colot, imiphumela yokungahlangani, nezindlela ezisebenzayo zokuthuthukisa isiko lokuhlanganyela ngokungaguquguquki. Ngokunweba ngakunye kwalezi zilinganiso, sihlose ukuqinisa umqondo wokuthi noma yiliphi ivoti alilona uphawu nje kuphela kodwa liyisithiyo sokwakha idemokrati esebenzayo. Ukuze uqonde umongo ongaphezulu ezisekelweni zokuhlanganyela kokhetho, hlola imithombo evela ku U.S. I-FOMFOM.

Isizathu Sokuba Imithetho Ichaze Umthwalo Wemfanelo Wesibili

Umthwalo wemfanelo we-Cobic uhlanganisa izenzo kanye nezimo zengqondo zezakhamuzi ezizamukelayo ukuze zibe nengxenye empilweni yomphakathi. Phakathi kwalezo zenzo, ukuvota kusobala ngoba kuthonya ngokuqondile ukuthi ubani onegunya nendlela elisetshenziswa ngayo. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zokubophana kwezakhamuzi − njengokunikela ngokuzithandela noma ukuya emihlanganweni yomphakathi kunezinqumo ezisemthethweni. Kunquma abaholi abazokwenza izinqumo ezithinta izintela, izisekelo, imfundo, ukunakekelwa kwempilo, nokulondeka kwesizwe.

Uma izakhamuzi zibheka ukuvota njengesibopho kunokuba zikwenze kube yisinqumo esinempendulo, zidala ukulandisa okunesibopho. Izikhulu ezinganakwayo ziyazi ukuthi kumelwe ziphendule kukhetho, olukhuthaza izinqubo ezisiza umphakathi obanzi. Lokhu kuhlangana phakathi kovoti nommeleli kuyimbangela yokubusa kwentando yeningi. Ngaphandle komvoti ongaguquki, lobo buhlobo bungantengantenga, futhi uhulumeni ungahlukana nabantu abakhonzayo.

Ukulwela Umsindo Okungokomlando

Ilungelo lokuvota embusweni wentando yeningi alizange linikezwe emhlabeni wonke kusukela ekuqaleni. Lavela phakathi namashumi eminyaka empi ephikelelayo, izimpi zomthetho, nezinhlangano zomphakathi. Ukuqonda lomlando kusiza abavoti ukuba baqonde ukuxekethile kobuphekula nokubaluleka kokubuvikela.

Imingcele Yasekuqaleni Nenhlangano Engalawuleki

Ngokwesibonelo, e-United States, uMthetho-sisekelo ekuqaleni washiyela izimfanelo zokuvota emazweni, ngokuvamile okwakuthiwa abesilisa abamhlophe abaphethe impahla. Abesifazane babengenakuvota ezifundazweni eziningi kwaze kwaba sekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Umzabalazo wabesifazane wokuzibamba, owafinyelela eMphendulweni wekhulu lekhulu leminyaka ngo-1920, wawuwumzabalazo omkhulu owawudinga ukungalaleli okukhulu komphakathi, ukukhuthaza, nemfundo yomphakathi. Abaholi abanjengoSusan B. Anthony noElizabeth Cady Stanton bachitha amashumi eminyaka bephikisa ukuthi abesifazane bafanelwe yizwi elifanayo ekubuseni. Ukunqoba kwabo kwabonisa ukuthi ushintsho lwesimiso sezwe lungenzeka uma izakhamuzi zihlela izimbangela ezivamile.

Inkathi Yamalungelo Omphakathi Nokunikeza Amalungelo

Ngisho nangemva kokuba abesifazane bezuzile le-voti, izigidi zaseMelika zaseAfrika zanqatshelwa ngokulandelana ukufinyelela ebhokisini le-colot ngentela yokuvota, ukuhlola ukufunda nokubhala, nokwesabisa okunobudlova. Umzabalazo wamalungelo abantu wama-1950 nawo 1960 waletha ukunakekela kwesizwe kulokhu kungabi nabulungisa. Izenzakalo zezwe ezinjenge-Lelmah kuMontgomey zaqokomisa ukucindezelwa konya okunonya kwabamnyama. Ekuphenduleni, uKhomisha wadlulisa i-Voting Rights Act ka-19656, eyavala inqubo yokuvota futhi yanikeza uhulumeni ukuphathwa kokhetho ezindaweni ezinomlando wokudiscractive nokuhlanganyela. Lomthetho wanda kakhulu wokuvota nokuhlanganyela phakathi kwabantu abambalwa. Ukwaziswa okuningi kulomthetho obalulekile kuvela kumthetho

Ukwandisa I - Franchis: Ubudala Nokukhubazeka

Ngo- 1971, iSichibiyelo sama-26 sehlisa iminyaka yokuvota yaba ngu-18, saqaphela ukuthi uma abantu abasha babebadala ngokwanele ukuba bangene empini, babebadala ngokwanele ukuba bavote. Lokhu kwanda kwakuyimpendulo eqondile enkathini yeMpi yaseVietnam. Kamuva, amaMelika anesimiso sokukhubazeka (1990) nemithetho kahulumeni eyalandela yagunyaza ukuba kutholakale izindawo zokuvota nemishini yokuvota, iqinisekisa ukuthi izakhamuzi ezikhubazekile zingahlanganyela ngaphandle kwesizathu.

Imiphumela Yomsindo Ophansi

Lapho abantu abaningi bekhetha ukungavoti, uhulumeni owumphumela awumeleli ngokuphelele izinhlanga zomphakathi.

Ukumelela Okuphambene

Ukucwaninga kubonisa ngokungaguquguquki ukuthi abangewona amaqembu bathambekele ekubeni abasha, abathola imali encane, futhi abahlukahluka kakhulu ngokobuhlanga kunabavoti. Ngenxa yalokho, izikhulu ezikhethiwe zingazizwa zicindezelekile kakhulu ukuze zibhekane nezidingo zaleyo miphakathi. Ngokwesibonelo, izindaba ezifana nezindlu ezibiza imali enele, ukukhulula kwabafundi, nokuguqulwa komthetho wobugebengu kungathola ukunakekela okuncane uma amaqembu athintekile engekho kukhetho. Lokhu kudala umjikelezo wokungavumelani: labo abadinga ukusekela kakhulu kukahulumeni cishe bangawazwa amazwi abo.

Ukuvela Kwethonya Elikhethekile Elithakazelisayo

Umvoti ophansi uveza isikhala esigcwele amaqembu enzalo ahlelwe kahle kanye nabacebi abacebile. Uma isiqeshana esincane, esinqunyiweyo sokhetho lwezivotelo, abazosithatha besamukela leso siqeshana. I-policies ingatshekela ekunqanyulweni kwentela yenkampani, ukunqanyulwa, noma ezinye izinto eziza kuqala zamaqembu alinganiselwe kunokuba zigcwale umphakathi. Imisebenzi ye democracy ingcono kakhulu uma i-votatetatentium ibanzi futhi igcwele ngenxa yokuthi leyo mithetho yezombangazwe iphoqelela ukwakha imifelandawo ehlukene phakathi kwamaqembu ahlukahlukene.

Ukuba Owelulekileyo Nokunganaki

Uma umnqobi ekhethwa yidlanzana labavoti abafanelekayo, umyalo kahulumeni ubuthakathaka. Lokhu kungakhuthaza ukugxeka nomqondo wokuthi isimiso siphakanyisiwe. Ababheki abaphansi bangase bazizwe bengenamsebenzi, okuholela ekutheni baqhubeke bengenandaba. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kuwohloka kokholo enqubeni yokuvota kungaphazamisa idemokrasi ngokwayo, okwenza izakhamuzi zibe sengozini enkulu yokuveza izinkulumo zobudoda nezinhlangano ezimelene nedemokrati. Ukuhlaziya okujulile kokungathathiwa kwazo, i-Ptmow Research Center [[[FLT:]] ukucwaninga okuqhubekayo.

Izithiyo Zokusakaza Nokuzivimbela

Ukubona nokususa lemingcele kubalulekile ekwandiseni ukuthatha isinyathelo futhi kwenze intando yeningi ihlanganiswe.

Ukubhalisa Ngezigaba

Kumazwe amaningi, izikhawu zobhalisa, izimfuneko zokubhalisa, kanye nezindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi ziyakuvimbela ukuhlanganyela. Ukuvota okuzenzekelayo (AVR), manje okuthandwayo ezifundazweni ezingaphezu kwezingu-20, kulandela inqubo ngokubhalisa izakhamuzi ezifanelekayo ngemoto noma ngezinhlangano zosizo lomphakathi. Lenguquko iye yaholela ekwandeni okukhulu kwezinga lokubhaliswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubhaliswa kosuku olulodwa kwenza abavoti babhalise futhi bavote ngosuku lokhetho, kunciphisa ithuba lokuthi ukuthatha isigwebo okungadingenwa.

Ukukwazi Ukuya Ezindaweni Ezingcolisayo Nokuklama Kwamagesi Kusenesikhathi

Imigqa emide, amahora okuhlola alinganiselwe, nokuvalwa kwezindawo zokuvota − ikakhulu ezindaweni ezimbalwa . Ukukhuliswa kwamafasitela okuvota kwakuqala, ukunikeza amaposi okungadingeki, nokuqinisekisa izisebenzi ezanele ezibuthweni konke kuyasiza ekunciphiseni izikhathi zokulinda futhi kunciphise ukuvota. I-Oregon, iWashington, ne Colorado iye yaqhuba lonke ukhetho iminyaka eminingi, ifinyelela ukuvuleka nokuthola imiphumela egciniwe. Lezizimo ze-posi zibonisa ukuthi ukuthatha iqhaza kwanamuhla kungaqinisa ukungahlehlisi hlangothi.

Imithetho Yevoter Nokucindezelwa Kwezigaba Zegesi

Nakuba abaxhasi bephikisa ngokuthi imithetho ye-ID yomvoti ivimbela ukukhwabanisa, abagxeki baphikisa ngokuthi ithwele imithwalo yasebekhulile, ingenayo, futhi abavoti abambalwa abangase bangabi nezindlela ezamukelekayo zokuzichaza. Izimfuneko ze-ID eziqinile ziye zaboniswa zicindezela phakathi kwalamaqembu. Ukulinganisa ukulondeka kokukhetha nokuthola imvume kudinga ukuhlelwa kwezimiso ezicophelelayo, njengokunikeza ama-ID akhululekile nokwamukela uhlu olubanzi lwemibhalo. Amaqembu e-azempatho ayaqhubeka ebekela inselele imithetho ayibona njengecindezela, futhi izinkantolo ziye zahlasela izimfuneko eziningana ezicinezelelwe kakhulu. Ukuqonda izimfuneko zamanje ze-ovota ngokomthetho kungasiza izakhamuzi ukuba zisebenzise inqubo ethile; [[FLT:] uNgqungquthelano lwezwe lwaseSifundazweni [Foctrealtures] [Foct1]

Ukutholakala Kolimi Nokungahleleki

Umthetho we-Federal udinga amavoloti nezinto zokwakha ezibhalwe zinenero ezimbili ezindaweni ezinenani elikhulu labantu abakhuluma isiNgisi. Nokho, ukusetshenziswa kuyahlukahluka, futhi abavoti abaningi basabhekene nemingcele yolwimi. Ngokufanayo, ama-blalle bolle bolot, izimpawu zemisindo, kanye nokuvota okungalawuliwe kugunyazwe yi-ADA, kodwa ukutholakala ngokoqobo kwezinye izindawo zokuhlola kuhlala kulinganiselwe. Ukuqhubekela phambili nokuqeqeshelwa izikhulu zokukhetha kungasiza ekuxazululeni lezindawo.

Ingxenye Ekhuthazayo Engaphezu Kwebhola

Ukukhuthaza ukuvota ngokuvamile kuhambisana nokukhuthaza isiko lokuthembisana okuhlanganisa imfundo, ingxoxo, nenkonzo yomphakathi.

Imfundo Yesibalo Ezikoleni Nasemiphakathini

Intsha eningi ayitholi mfundo engokomthetho ngendlela yokuvota, ukuthi kungani kubalulekile, noma indlela uhulumeni asebenza ngayo. Ukudlulisela imfundo yomphakathi ezifundweni zesikole zesikole (8) kusukela okhethweni lokugcona ukuya ezifundweni ezingokomthetho-sisekelo (hwn q akha imikhuba yokuhlanganyela. Amaqembu omphakathi, ama-commentorns, nabavoti abaqondisi abangekho qekelweni labefundisi basiza abantu abadala ukuba baqondise izindaba futhi baqonde izigxobo. Izinhlangano ezinjengeNhlangano yabesifazane iVoters ne-Rock iVote ephambili kulemizamo.

Ubuchwepheshe Obuntengantenga Nemithombo Yezomphakathi

Amapulatifomu ezokuxhumana angamathuluzi anamandla okusakaza ukwaziswa okuphathelene nezinsuku zokubhalisa, izindawo zokuhlola, namapulatifomu okufuna ukubhalisa. Imikhankaso esebenzisa ukuthumela imiyalezo yontanga, izikhumbuzo zomavayi, nezikhangiso ezihloselwe ukuthunyelwa kwe-octal iye yandisa ngokuphumelelayo intsha. Nokho, lamathuluzi afanayo angasakaza futhi ukwaziswa okungamanga. Kubalulekile ukuba kokubili amapulatifomu nabasebenzisi bathuthukise ukwaziswa okuqinisekisiwe emahhovisi okhetho asemthethweni nasemithonjeni yezindaba enedume kakhulu.

Izinyathelo Zomphakathi Nethonya Lontanga

Ukucwaninga kubonisa ukuthi ukucindezela kwezenhlalo − njengokuveza obala ukuthi umuntu uvota yini − kungandisa ukuphuma kontanga. Isikhuthazo esikhuthazayo sontanga, njengokukhumbuza abangane ukuba bavote noma bagibele i-athonsi, kuyicebo eliphansi kodwa eliqinile. i-norpartin idla ngokusebenzisa ukungqongqoza emnyango kanye nokubhalisa ucingo ukuze ifinyelele abavoti abavamile. Uma omakhelwane bekhuthaza omakhelwane, isenzo sokuvota siba inzuzo yomphakathi eyodwa kunokuba imoto yokuvota.

Ukusekela Umsebenzi Nomqashi

Abaqashi abaningi manje banikeza isikhathi esikhokhelwayo sokuvota, beqaphela ukuthi idemokrasi enamandla isekela indawo yebhizinisi enziwa ngokuzinzile. Izwe elinjengeCalifornia neNew York lifuna ukuba abaqashi banikeze ikhefu elikhokhelwayo lokuvota. Ukukhuthaza izinqubo ezinjalo ezisezingeni lendawo kungasusa izithiyo ezihlobene nesikhathi, ikakhulukazi izisebenzi ezingakwazi ukulahlekelwa iholo ngehora.

Ithonya Elibanzi Lokusakaza Izindaba Emkhayeni

Lapho izakhamuzi zithola ukuthi ziningi, zinikeza uphawu olucacile lokuthi ziyalikhathalela ikusasa.

Ubulungisa Bezenhlalo Nokulingana

Umlando ubonisa ukuthi intuthuko enkulu kakhulu ekwahluleleni komphakathi ($civil malungelo abesifazane, ukulingana kwamalungelo omshado), yafinyelelwa ngokuthatha isinyathelo esiqhubekayo sezombangazwe esihlanganisa ukuvota. Izikhulu eziqashelwa ezihlalweni zazo ezihlangene ezihlukahlukene zisengozini enkulu yokusekela izimiso ezinciphisa ukungalingani, ukuvikela inkululeko yomphakathi, kanye nethuba elandayo.

Ukubuyisela Imithetho

Ama-sociation anezivoti eziphakeme athambekele ekusebenziseni imali eningi kahulumeni ezintweni zomphakathi njengemfundo, izakhiwo, kanye nezokunakekela impilo. Abezombangazwe ezisezindaweni eziphakeme bazi ukuthi kumelwe bakhulume ngezindaba zesinkwa nezokuzihlela ezithinta iningi. Ngokwesibonelo, izikhulu zikahulumeni eziphambili zithambekele kakhulu ekwandiseni uMedicaid ngaphansi kwe-Afford Care Act, iveza izintando zezakhamuzi zezempilo.

Ukuthuthukiswa Komphakathi Nethonya Lendawo

Ukhetho lwendawo luvame ukuba nethonya eliqondile ekuphileni kwansuku zonke: izinqumo zebhodi lesikole, imithetho yokuhlanganisa izikole, ukuxhasa izimali, nokuthutha komphakathi. Nokho, uma izakhamuzi zivota emijahweni kamasipala, zingathonya izintela zempahla, ukunakekelwa kwepaki, nemisebenzi yokuthuthukisa. Abavoti futhi banganikeza izikhulu zendawo icala lenkohlakalo noma ukuphatha kabi. Ukusekela ukuthuthukisa izinga lokuphila nokuthuthukisa ukuthembeka kwentando yeningi.

Isiphetho: Amandla Omculo Wakho

Idemokrasi ayiwona umdlalo obonwayo. Kudinga ukuthatha isinyathelo sokuziphilisa, sokufundiswa, nokungaguquguquki kwezakhamuzi zayo. Ukuvota kuyisenzo esisodwa esinamandla kakhulu abantu abaningi abangasenza ukuze balolonge uhulumeni wabo nomphakathi. Kuyindlela esiqasha ngayo (nezikhulu zethu) nokudubula ($nabaholi), ukumisa izinto eziza kuqala zesizwe, nokuveza izindinganiso zethu. Zonke izindaba zokuvota, hhayi kuphela kuyi-aglegate kodwa njengesiqinisekiso somsekelo wentando yeningi.

Ngokuqonda izimpi ezingokomlando ezavulela umongameli, ukuqaphela imiphumela yokudilizwa, nokuzama ukususa imingcele yokuhlanganyela, singakha idemokrasi enamandla, ebanzi. Ukhetho ngalunye lunikeza ithuba lokubonisa lowomthwalo wemfanelo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ibhola liqukethe abathathi hlangothi lomongameli, amalungu ebhodi lesikole, noma amabhuloho, ukukhetha ukuthatha isinyathelo kuthumela umyalezo onamandla: ukuthi sikhathalela ngokwanele ukuba sibonise.

Njengoba sibheka esikhathini esizayo, inselele ayikona nje ukwandisa inkathi yokuzihambela kodwa ukukhulisa isiko lesithembiso somphakathi sokuphila konke. Lokho kuqala ngokuqaphela ukuthi ilungelo lokuvota liyigugu, futhi lihambisana nesibopho sokulisebenzisa ngokuhlakanipha. Sithola uhulumeni esiwuvotelayo. Yenza izwi lakho lizwakale.