Ekirangiriro ky’Obwetwaze n’Ekyokulabirako ky’Olina Leero

Ekiwandiiko ekiyitibwa Declaration of Independence, ekyakkirizibwa ekibiina ky'eggwanga mu kiseera kya Jjulaayi 4, 1776, kirimu ekimu ku biwandiiko ebyaviirako ebyafaayo by'abantu mu Amerika. Wadde nga kyalina ekigendererwa eky'okuwagira amatwale ga Amerika okweyawula ku bufuzi bwa Bungereza, ekirambulukufu ky'emisingi egikwata ku ddembe ly'abantu mu nsi yonna n'ekifo ekituufu eky'obufuzi ekya gavumenti ekikyakola okusobola okuleetawo eddembe mu mateeka mu United States era n'okukubiriza ebibiina okuteekawo eddembe mu nsi yonna. Ekirango ekyo kyali kya kuwagira obwannannyini obwa kkopi mu museetusimiya, era ekireetera endowooza enkulu ekwata ku ddembe n'obusobozi n'obuteekuufu ebikusobozesa okukola enkyukakyuka mu bulamu bwo buli lunaku.

Ekitundu kino kinnyonnyola endowooza ey'ekiragiro, era kiraga engeri emisingi egyo gye gyawandiikibwa mu mateeka era ne mu Bill of Rights, era ne kinoonyereza ku ddembe Abamerika lye balina leero okuva ku kwolesebwa okw'enjawulo okw'ekiwandiiko ekyo. Okutegeera olunyiriri lw'obuzaale buno tekikoma ku kulaga wa eddembe lyaffe gye lyava, naye era kiraga n'ensonga lwaki bulina okulwanirira.

Enjigiriza za Filosofiya

Ekirangiriro ky'Obwetwaze tekyatandikawo busobozi bwa butonde okutandikira ku Thomas Jefferson, okusingira ddala yajuliza nnyo endowooza z’abakugu mu by’Okutegeera nga John Locke, eyagamba nti abantu balina eddembe ery’obuzaaliranwa eribaawo nga terinnabaawo gavumenti.

Eddembe ly’Obutonde n’Eby’Okweyisa mu Kibiina

Ennyiriri ezimanyiddwa ennyo mu mulimu guno ziwa ebilagiro bibiri. Empandiika ya disitulikiti eno esooka teweebwa gavumenti oba bakabaka; amazima galaga nti abantu bonna baatondebwa nga benkanankana, nga Omutonzi waabwe abawa eddembe eritayinza kwawulwawo. Mu bino mwe muli obulamu, eddembe n'okunoonya essanyu. Obuwangwa obwo tebuba bwa mu butonde bwa gavumenti oba obwa bakabaka. Ebbeewa omuntu obwatondebwa okuba nga yenkanankanankana olw'okuba eddembe eryo liba lya waggulu ku lisingako obunene.

Olupapula luno era lutandika endagaano ezikola ku ntegeka ya Amereka esookedwako kiwandiiko. Gavumenti bwe zitandika okukwasibwa obwannannyini buno obukalu buno, obusibuka ku buyinza obwabwennyini okuva ku obukkirizibwa okufugibwa [. Gavumenti bw'eba ezikiriza enkomerero eno, abantu bakkirizibwa okugikyusa oba okugiggyawo. Kino tekyatwalibwa nti gavumenti y'emu yokka esobola okukyusiza ddala eddembe lyayo.

Ekigendererwa kya Gavumenti

Mu ngeri eyo, ekirangiriro kikyusa enkolagana wakati w'eggwanga n'entuunudde ez'enjawulo.Empuku enkadde, emitwe gy'ebbanja okuba n'obwesigwa eri nnannyini buyinza, era ayinza okuwa abantu enkizo ezimu.Ekirangiriro kigamba nti gavumenti eriwo okuweereza abantu so si engeri endala yonna. Omusingi guno — nti gavumenti y'ekozesebwa okukuuma eddembe ly'omuntu so si ensibuko y'eddembe lyennyini — kye nsibuko y'endowooza y'ebyobufuzi mu Amereka era kijuliddwa mu bibiina ebinoonyeza gavumenti ezikola ebbeesaamu ekigendererwa kyayo.

Osobola okusoma ebiri mu biwandiiko byonna ebiremya obwetwaze ku mukutu [[NT] NALT TTEREKERO

Okuva mu Kiwandiiko ne Kidda mu Lukalala lw’Etteeka: Ekiwandiiko ky’Eby’Amateeka

Emisingi gya Kramyanti gyali gya kusuubira bufisoofo. Tegiyinza kukakasibwa mu kkooti y'amateeka. Omulimu gw'okukyusa emisingi egyo mu bukuumi obw'omu mateeka gwawagirwa amateeka, gwatuuka ku mateeka era ne Bill of Rights eyalondebwa mu 1787, era ne kikkirizibwa mu 1791. Enkyukakyuka eno okuva ku bufirosoofo okutuuka ku mateeka tesobozesa Ekramyantiyo kutuukiriza ndowooza zaayo mu bulamu bwo leero.

Ebiwandiiko Ebikwata ku Ddembe

Ekkumi abaasooka okulongoosebwa kw'Etteeka eryali limanyiddwa nga Bill of Rights, baalina ekigendererwa eky'okukuuma eddembe ly'abantu kinnoomu Ekirango ekyo lye kyali kirangidde. James Madison, nga mu kusooka yali takkiriza ddembe eryo, yakiraba nga kyetaagisa okutuukiriza ekisuubizo ekyo. Entegeka yasooka ekuuma eddembe ery'okwogera, eddiini, okukuba, okukuŋŋaana, n'okwegayirira — byonna bikulunguyira okusobola okufuna essanyu era n'okuvunaanibwa gavumenti. Ate ekitundu eky'okusatu kikuuma eddembe erikwata ku kwesambajja n'enjaga.

Kino kyali kitegeeza nti okumala ebyafaayo bingi eby’Amerika, gavumenti z'eggwanga zandibadde zityoboola eddembe eryali libakiddwa nti Ekirangiriro kyali tekiyinza kusasika.

Omulongo 14 n’Okuweerera

Ekitongole eky'e 14 eky'ekirabo, ekyakkirizibwa mu 1868, ye nnyanjula ey'okubiri eyakyusa enkolagana wakati w'amateeka g'etteeka n'amateeka ga Amerika. `FLT'''e] SETTERE SEATS Evension Claus . Tewali gavumenti eyinza kuggyako muntu yenna obulamu, eddembe, oba ekintu nga tekitegekeddwa mu mateeka — ne Enkola yaaakyo Ekireete Ekirabo mu maaso g'olulimi olwo. Mu kyasa ekyaddako, Kkooti esingako yatongoddeko ku kikwata ku ddembe oba ku nsonga enkulu eya Bill eya Ddenderedzwa okumenya amateeka.

Kino kitegeeza nti omutuuze mu California yali asobola okusaba olukuutira olukuutira olukuutira olukulembere olw'okuva mu ttuluba ly'e New York ng'omutuuze w'omu New York bw'asobola okukiziyiza enkola y'eggwanga. Ekirangiriro ky'eddembe ery'obuntu eky'obwengula kyakulabibwa mpolampola mu ggwanga lyonna. Leero, buli buyinza obuli mu Bill of Rights bukwata ku gavumenti ne ku gavumenti y'ensi eyo, ektongole eky'omu mateeka ekizimba amateeka okuva ku misingi gya Krakiti kino.

Enkizo Eziriwo Leero Zisibuka mu Kiwandiiko

Obusobozi buno bwe weesigamya ku bulamu bwo obwa bulijjo, si bwa kugoberera bugambi ekyo gavumenti ky’eyagaliza, wabula bwesigamiziddwa ku mateeka nti Etteeka eryo lyaluŋŋamya, era nti lirina obukuumi bwa mateeka kubanga butwalibwa ng’ekintu ekikulu mu kuleeta eddembe ly’omuntu.

Eddembe ly’Okwogera n’Okwogera

Olukiiko olusooka olw'ebiruubirirwa eby'okusiiga amateeka obutateeka kkomo mu mateeka gonna ag'okwogera. Obukuumi buno tebukoma ku kuwandiika bigambo, ku kukola emirimu gy'ebitoogo, bikolwa bya ngeri gamba nga amabendera okubookya, era n'engeri ezimu ez'okusaasaanya (nga Kkooti enkulu]] Citizens ][FC) kubanga gavumenti teyinza kwesigamya ndowooza ezikkirizibwa.

Obusobozi buno bugobereddwa okuva ku Gitlow v v n' (1925). Leero, olina eddembe okuvumirira abakungu ba gavumenti, okulanga enkyukakyuka mu by'obufuzi, okwogera ebit'ewandibwa, n'okwenyigira mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ne gavumenti nga tewali gavumenti oba ng'eraga nti obwetwaze, okuviirako ebikolwa eby'obukambwe, okuvumibwa, n'okufeebezebwa. Okubuyusiza mu by'okwerinda ebyasooka, ebiva mu bigambo bya gavumenti [[FLT:]

Nga Mmugwanira Okuba Gwange

Ekigambo "prigacy" tekikkirizibwa mu Mateeka. Kyokka Kkooti ey'Empala enkulu etegedde eddembe erya limu ku buli muntu eryali lirina okugobererwa mu by'okwetulinvu, nga mwe muli n'ekyokusatu, eky'okuna, eky'okutaano, n'eky'eky'okutaano. mu . Connecticut[[FFL:1] [1965]] [1965] Kkooti], Kkooti yamenya etteeka eriziyiza okuzaala ekisinzibwa, nga kikakasa nti amateeka agafuga obutundu obufuga obwa nnamba gayinza obutayingira gavumenti. [[FLT:]] v [FLT][FFFLT:3]]

Ekitongole ekyo kikusobozesa okufuna obusongasonga ku gavumenti nga bw'osobola okuseesa oba okugwa ensimbu. Mu kiseera kino, wabaawo obulagizi bwa poliisi obwetaagisa okunoonyereza mu maka go oba ku kompyuta yo. Olina kye weetaaga mu maaso go, mu bintu byo, ne mu by'omanyi. Ekirangiriro kikukaka nti gavumenti eteekwa okussa ekitiibwa mu ddembe ly'abantu kinnoomu okuwa obufirosoofo obuwagizi obwa obwabwe obusobola okukukuuma. Bwe kiba nga eddembe lyo teriyinza kutwalibwa ng'entambula, obuyinza bwa gavumenti obw'okukuyingira mu kifo kyayo buteekwa okuba nga butono era nga buliwo obutuufu.

Eddembe ly’Okwenyigira mu by’obufuzi

Etteeka lino ekyisaamu liraga nti omuntu alina okwesalirawo abafuzi. Ekiragiro kino kyaleka okulonda mu ggwanga okusinga obunene. Naye okukyusizaamu kwayongerayongera ku kkomo. Ekiteeso eky'omwaka ogwa 15 eky'etteeka (1870) kyagaana obusosoze mu kulonda. Olukalala olw'ebitongole (1920) lwatongoza abakazi. Ekkuuti ey'omulundi ogwa 24 (1964) kyava ku ku ku ku kusalawo okulonda. Ekiwandiiko ekya 26 eky'okukkukyusa emyaka eky'okutongoza emyaka gya 181961 kyassa empandikaze emyaka egy'okukuba oba 18.

Leero, buli mutuuze yenna asukka mu myaka 18 alina etteeka eryali limuwa obuyinza okulonda, okulekawo etteeka eritali lya lukunkumuli, eririna okussaawo amateeka ageetaagisa mu kukaka abantu okufunvubira n'amateeka agabafuga. Obutuufu obwo bukola mu ngeri esobozesa ekirangiriro ky'obufuzi okulonda gavumenti nga kikkiriza. Akawayiro akavvuunula, obwetaavu obw'okukyusa oba okuggyawo gavumenti ezikiriza, esuubiza nti gavumenti ey'okufuga tejja kuba kkomo. Okukuuma ezzadde lino tekusigala nga kuwakana ku mateeka ga nnamba, nga kw'empakaago, okukubagaanya n'okutuuka ku bifo ebinoonya obukulembeze kulaga.

Obukuumi Obwenkanankana n’Obwali mu Mateeka

Ekirangiriro kino eky'abantu bonna baatondebwa mu mateeka okusinziira ku namba 14 ey'ekirabo Ekirabo Ekirabo Ekiramuzi ne Claus. Ebigambo bino bigaana omuntu yenna okugaana okuweebwa amateeka genkanankana. Kkooti esinga obukulu ennyonnyola nti amateeka agamu galina okugobererwa awatali kusosola mu bantu era nti entegeka ezimu — naddala eggwanga, eddiini, n'ensibuko ya ggwanga — ziteekwa okwekebererwa nnyo, nga kitegeeza nti gavumenti erina okuba n'ensonga enfuze era nga terina kukozesa ngeri yonna eyinza okukugira abantu okuteekawo.

Omusingi guno gwe gukomye mu by'amateeka [[O]0] mu kulaga obuwanguzi obuba buzzeewo mu by'entegeka [[[NTL:1]]:

  • [[AGUMENTI][[FULT]][.'Essomero' likoma ku kusengeka enjawukana mu masomero ga gavumenti, ne lising'enjigiriza eyenkanankana ate ate ne lizza enjawukana mu langi.
  • [[Akabonero:0] Akakwakkulizo ka 1964[[Aka 'FUZI]] kaagaana obusosoze mu mirimu, mu bifo ebya lukale, ne mu nteekateeka eziweebwa gavumenti.
  • [[Akawayiro:0]Obergefell v. Hodges (2015)[ kye kimu n'ekirala eky'omu nsi yonna kikakasa abafumbo nti balina eddembe ery'okufumbiriganwa nga bali mu ndala, nga bagamba nti eddembe ery'okufumbiriganwa liba lya mu nteekateeka ey'omulundi ogwa 14.
  • [[AK:0] Umutwe Omutwe Osooka ku Kukyusa Enjigiriza ku Kilango kya 1972[ gwagaana obusosoze mu kakwate k'eby'enjigiriza okuweebwanga ssente mu nsi ya gavumenti.

Etteeka ery'omu mateeka ery'okukuuma abantu mu ngeri y'emu litegeeza nti amateeka galina okukola ku buli muntu nga bwe gatayinza era gavumenti eteekwa okuba n'ensonga ennywevu okusobola okuyisa abantu mu ngeri ya njawulo okusinziira ku ekyo kye bali.

Eddembe ly’Eddiini

Mu Mweefube eyasooka mulimu enzivuunula bbiri ez'enjawulo ez'eddembe ly'eddiini: Okutongoza Claus, ekigaana gavumenti okutandikawo eddiini entongole oba okulonda eddiini emu okugeraageranyizibwa ku endala, era ne Free Execreece Claus, ekikukuuma ng'olina eddembe okugoberera eddiini yo awatali kuyingira gavumenti. Ennyiriri ezo zombi zombi zombi zooleka okutegeera kw'ebiruubirirwa ebyo nti eddembe erimu terikkirizibwa mu bantu kubanga Omutonzi [[FLT:] ye yaziwawaawo — ekitegeeza nti enzikiriza n'omuntu ow'omunda tebiyinza kutuuka ku buyinza.

Olina obuyinza okusinza nga bw'ogoberera omuntu wo ow'omunda, okukyusa eddiini yo, okukyogera mu lujjudde enzikiriza zo ez'eddiini, era n'obutakakasibwa gavumenti ku nsonga z'okukkiriza. The Religious Freedom Reformation Act (1993) era enyweza obukuumi buno nga yeetaaza nti n'amateeka agayinza okukkirizibwa gasaanidde okugobererwa okuggyako nga gavumenti esobola okulaga ebbeesaawo era n'okukozesa engeri ennukuta entonotono. Enteekateeka eno ey’amateeka tekuuma madiini agasingawo kyokka, naye era n'enzikiriza n'enzikkiriza entono, era n'okutuukiriza ekisuubizo kya Ekirangiriro eky'enkola eyo eky'enkola ya bonna.

Eddembe ly’Eby’Enfuna n’Ekyokulabirako

Ekirangiriro kino okusooka kyalimu "eralimu obuwangwa" mu lukalala lwaakyo olw'obusobozi obutayungibwa nga bwe kyali nga Jefferson tannassaawo "okufuna Essanyu". Wadde kiri kityo, eddembe ly'eby'obusimu lyesigamye ku mateeka. Okuganyisibwa okw'emitendo okw'okutaano kugaana gavumenti okutwala ebintu byayo mu lujjudde awatali kusasula.

Eddembe ly'olina okwekolera ebintu, okukolanga mu mirimu gyo, okukola emirimu, era n'okukuuma ebibala by'omulimu gwo byonna byesigamye ku kwolesebwa kw'etteeka lino okukwata ku ddembe lya muntu kinnoomu. Kkooti enkulu ewadde eddembe ery'okweyimirizaawo nga tewali mateeka ga gavumenti agateeberezebwa, wadde ng'amateeka g'eby'enfuna gagobererwa wansi w'omutindo mu kifo ky'amateeka agakwata ku ddembe ery'ennono. Obukankano obuli wakati w'amateeka ga gavumenti n'eddembe ly'ebyenfuna busigala nga bukyali bukulu mu mateeka ga Amerika, nga kw'emitindo gyombi egigobeegobeegobererwa mu buli obutategeeragana.

Ekirangiriro Kikwata Kibi ku Ddembe ly’Abantu mu Nsi Yonna

Ekiwandiiko ekya Declaration of Independence kiri ku kigero ekisingako ensalo za Amerika. Olulimi lwayo n'emisingi byayo byakubiriza butereevu olukalala olw'ekifalansa olw'Eddembe ly'Omuntu ne Lituuze (1789] era mu kyasa ekya 20, olukalala olwo lwe bigambo ebyaleetera ekiragiro eky'enjawulo eky'Etteeka erikwata ku ddembe ly'obuntu [ (1988]), ebikkiriziddwa Ekiragiro 1 eky'ekibiina ky'ekibiina ky'eggwanga , kigamba nti: "Abantu bonna bazaalibwa kyeyagalire era benkanankana mu ddembe ery'enneenkanankanankanankanankanankana n'enna ez'ennamba ez'amazima aga bulijjo." Kino kye kyogerera mu bigambo ebya nnamba ey'okulaga obutereeyisa mu mutima gwa Jafferse. Ekiragiro kino kigamba nti:

Ekirangiriro kino kye kyesigamye ku butuuze oba ku nzikiriza za gavumenti zonna, era nga tekirina bukwasi nga kiwa obutuuze oba olukusa, naye era nga kiwa obulagirizi ku ddembe ly'obuntu mu nsi yonna. Kyalagiddwa ebibiina ebiwakanya obuwagizi, abalwanirira eddembe ly'abantu, abalwanirira demokulase, n'abo abalwanirira eddembe ly'abantu mu buli kitundu ky'ensi. Wadde nga Amerika tegobereranga bigendererwa byayo, emitindo egyo ginyweredde ddala era nga gitwalibwa mu nsi endala.

Ekirangiriro kino osobola okukigeraageranya ku mukutu gwa United States, Universal Declaration of Human Rights ku mukutu ogw'ekibiina ky'Amawanga [.

Ebizibu Ebijjawo ng’Olina Endowooza nti Ebintu Byajjawo Byokka

Obusobozi bw'olina leero tebukoma ku mulembe. Emisingi gino gikozesebwa okusoomooza obuddu, okukaka abaddu, okukaka abaddu, okukuuma abagwira n'abanoonyi b'obubudamu, n'okuteekawo emitindo egigobererwa mu bufumbo. Kyokka era gigobereddwa okulwanirira obusosoze mu by'enfuna, obuvunaanyizibwa bw'ebintu ku mateeka, n'eddembe ly'abantu kinnoomu eritabafuga.

Empaka eziwerako ziraga ekiva mu kiwandiiko kino:

  • [[AWULA:0] Obunene bw'ekiwandikiro mu kiseera eky'ennamba: Obukuumi obw'okuna mu Amereka bukwata butya ku kukuuma obubaka obuterekeddwa mu kire, metameta ezikuŋŋaanyiziddwa ebibiina bya bannasayansi, oba ebikwata ku ngeri y'okulabira ebitundu eby'omu nviiri gye bikozesaamu empandiika y'ebintu?
  • [[Act:0] Wadde nga tolina ddembe lwogera ku mikutu gy'empuliziganya:[[[Akabonero:1]] Omutemwa ogusooka gwagala enzijjuvu okubeeramu ebifo ebituuzibwamu mu buli lulimi oba kampuni za kyama zirina eddembe okwogera ebisaanidde?
  • [[AK'AMUT:0] Obukuumi obw'enkalakkalira n'enjawulo eriwo mu ntegeka z'ebizimbi: Kyandiba nti ebiwandiiko ebigerageranyizika bigoberera amateeka okwenkanankanankana, oba kyetaagisa okukola kyonna ekisoboka okugonjoola obusosoze mu byafaayo?
  • [[AGUMENTI]] Obusobozi n'entegeka y'ennono:[[AK'OMUTEE]] Omugwa wakati w'enkola y'ekifo n'okutwala ebintu ebya buli muntu mu nvirondoka

Ebibuuzo bino tebirimu buyigirize buyigirize. Kkooti, amasomero, n'abatuuze, byeyongera okumeggana nabo, era eddembe lyo lijja kusinziira ku by'okuddamu. Okutegeera emisingi gya Krangiriro kukuwa eby'okukozesa eby'amagezi okuyingira mu mpaka zino era n'okukalambira nti buli nkola ya gavumenti esaanidde okukkirizibwa okusobola okukuuma eddembe ly'omuntu kinnoomu.

Ebiraga nti Obusobozi Bwo Bulina Amakulu Gye Muli Leero

Bino bye bimu ku bintu eby'omuganyulo ebisimizibwa mu nkola y'Ekirangiriro:

  • [[AKMENT:0] Olina obuyinza okuggibwa mu kkomera erya nnawookeera. Omusingi ogufuga enkola gutegeeza nti gavumenti teyinza kukusiba mu kkomera awatali kukwasibwa mu mateeka. Bw'okwatibwa, olina obuyinza okumanya ebiba bikuvunaanibwa, okusirika, era n'okubeera ne munnamateeka.
  • [[Akabonero:0] Oyinza okuvumirira gavumenti nga totya kwesasuza.[[FULT:1] Omutemwa gw'amateeka ogusooka gukuuma eddembe lyo ery'okwesamba, okukwegayirira, n'okwogera eri abakungu ba gavumenti. Kino kye kikolwa ekisingayo okulaga obutereevu nti abantu balina eddembe okukyusa gavumenti yaabwe.
  • [[AKM:0] Olina ebbeeyi y'emu wansi w'amateeka. O'ososola mu bantu olw'eggwanga oba olw'eggwanga olw'eggwanga oba olw'eggwanga oba langi yo, oba olw'okuba obusosoze obw'engeri eyo tebukkirizibwa. Bw'olowooza nti tokkirizibwa kukuumibwa mu ngeri y'emu, oba osobola okwewombeza mu mateeka.
  • [[AKMENTI:0] Amaka go n'omanyi ebikukwatako bikuumibwa obutanoonyezebwa mu ngeri etetegeerekeka. Empeereze ey'okuna ekwetaagisa poliisi okufuna olukusa olw'ensonga nga tewannabaawo okukebera bintu byo, nga tosoose kunoonyerezaamu bingi. Obukuumi buno bukwata ku kompyuta ne ku biwandiiko ebya kompyuta.
  • [[AKM:0] Olina obuyinza okulonda n'okwenyigira mu nkola y'eby'obufuzi. Kino tekitwaliramu kusuula kamu ku ssimu kyokka naye era n'okuddukanya ebifo, abo ababa bagenda okusemba, n'abalala okusemba ebiba bitegekeddwa okuwagira enkyukakyuka mu by'obufuzi.

Okwolesebwa kwa Krautila tekukakasa nti eddembe lino teriyinza kutabangulwa. Mutindo ogwo gavumenti w'eririna okupima era n'okukubiriza buli mulembe okubeera obulindaala. Ennamba z'olina leero ziweebwa abantu abaatwala ebigambo bya Ekirangiriro nga bikulu era ne balagira gavumenti okuzinywererako.

fundikira

Ekiwandiiko eky'Obwetwaze si kiwandiiko eky'ebyafaayo. Bufirosoofo obw'enkalakkalira obukyannyonnyola enkolagana wakati w'omuntu ne gavumenti mu Amerika. Obuwagizi bw'abantu obw'okukyusa oba okuggyawo gavumenti eyinza okukomyawo oba okuggyibwawo, busigala nga bunywevu nnyo mu mateeka ga Amereka. Okuva ku ddembe ery'okwogera ku ddembe ery'okwewala okunoonyereza ekisala, okuva ku bukakafu obw'okwenkanankana n'obukuumi mu buyinza bw'okulonda, eddembe ly'okozesa leero liba liba na bigambo eby'emisingi ebiragibwa mu 1776.

Okutegeera olunyiriri luno si ngeri bukodyo ey'okutegeera, wabula kikusobozesa okutegeera ebiyinza okukulemesa okufuna eddembe, okulwanirira eddembe ly'abo abalyibwa, n'okukakasa nti gavumenti yo evunaanyizibwa ku kigendererwa kyayo. Ekirangiriro kiri nti eddembe lyo si ly'eggwanga olw'obutonde. Likusobozesa okukuuma n'okutuukiriza ebigendererwa byo.

Okusobola okweyongera okusoma ku ngeri emitindo gya Kkooti ey'oku ntikko era n'engeri gye gigobererwamu mu mateeka ag'omu kiseera kino, Connell Information Institute k'ewansinsi ewa aw'omu mateeka.